SCREENING STANDARDS - Municipal District of Foothills

SCREENING STANDARDS 

ADOPTED BY MD COUNCIL BY RESOLUTION # 1554 

ON THE 2 nd DAY OF DECEMBER, 2010 

MD of Foothills No. 31 Standards for landscape screening

Page 

ii 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... 1 

1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 2 

2.0 TARGET ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES ....................................................................... 3 

3.0 LEVELS OF SCREENING ............................................................................................ 8 

4.0 PROPOSED SCREENING METHODS ....................................................................... 12 

5.0 DEVELOPING THE SCREENING PLAN..................................................................... 25 

6.0 LANDSCAPE CONSTRUCTION APPROVAL REQUIREMENTS ............................... 26 

7.0 MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS............................................................................. 27 

8.0 ESTIMATED SCREENING COSTS............................................................................. 28 

9.0 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................. 30 

A1 SCREENING SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................. 31 

A2 PLANT LIST ................................................................................................................. 33 

A3 TYPICAL PLANTING DETAILS ................................................................................... 42 

A4 SAMPLE SCREENING PLANS ................................................................................... 45 

A5 WARNING: UTILTY AND PIPELINE LOCATION ........................................................ 48 


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Page 1 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

In the fall of 2009 Council instructed staff to proceed with the creation of a landscape screening 

package for the purposes of mitigating the negative visual impact of RV storage lots in the MD. 

It soon became apparent that a comprehensive screening strategy for industrial and commercial 

lots should be considered to preserve the natural beauty of the area. Dillon Consulting was 

chosen to provide assistance with the development of a screening strategy due to their 

expertise in the field of Landscape Architecture. Their assistance has been invaluable in the 

creation of this package. 

The report identifies the types development in the Municipal District of Foothills that are 

considered visually obtrusive and would benefit from screening. These “target activities and 

facilities” include the outdoor storage of vehicles, materials, or any other goods, exterior work or 

assembly areas, waste and recycling areas, loading areas, mechanical and electrical 

equipment, as well as parking and sales lots. 

Based on the categories of target activities and facilities, Dillon Consulting recommended a 

system consisting of three (3) different screening levels. In order of highest to lowest level of 

screening they are: full screening, which approximates 100% screening of the property from 

adjacent properties, partial screening, around 50% screening, and buffer screening, which 

should obscure approximately 25% of the development from adjacent roads or properties. A 

table was developed to assist in determining what level of screening is appropriate for different 

“target activities and facilities”. 

The level of screening, as well as the method of screening is to be proposed by the developer 

and approved by Council or by one of the Municipal District’s appointed Development Officers. 

Examples of each of the three levels of screening and a variety of methods to achieve each 

level are illustrated in this package in addition to some of the pros and cons of each method. 

These should assist the developer in determining how to achieve the desired results. 

In addition, a plant species list is included to aid in selecting species appropriate for the area 

and to provide guidance on what hardy plant material is to be used. Information is included with 

respect to the size, moisture needs, climactic zone, salt tolerance and native status of plant 

material. Some typical pricing is also included to give developers a rough estimate of the costs 

that may be incurred. Finally, the MD’s expectations regarding maintenance of the screening 

materials are addressed. 


1.0 INTRODUCTION 

Page 

2 

In recent years there has been increasing concern amongst landowners and the Municipal 

District regarding the impact that development has on the visual quality of the landscape. 

The purpose of the Screening Standards Package is to provide guidance to landowners and 

developers who are operating or proposing to operate a commercial enterprise anywhere in the 

MD including the Highway 2A Industrial Corridor, so that they might prevent their business from 

creating a negative visual impact on surrounding properties. 

This package is intended to assist landowners who are planning a new enterprise or developers 

who are proposing a commercial or industrial project to anticipate if screening might be required 

at their site, how much screening might be required, how the screening could be achieved, how 

it should be built, what materials would be acceptable and how much it will cost. It also provides 

guidance on maintenance that may be required and how sign-off will be achieved. 

Section 2 of the document describes the types of activities and facilities that may be subject to 

screening requirements. The level of screening that may be required can be determined in 

Section 3 by consulting Table 3.1. Example planting layouts and plant lists along with a 

discussion of expected costs are provided in Sections 5 through 7. 

This document is provided as a guideline to outline potential application submission 

requirements for a development in the MD. Whether or not landscape screening will be required 

and if so, what level of screening should be achieved will be determined by Council or by one of 

the MD’s appointed Development Officers, 


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2.0 TARGET ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES 

The most common question that is asked when a guideline like 

this is adopted is: 

“How do I know if this applies to my 

business” 

To help answer this question a list of the types of activities and facilities 

for which screening is generally recommended has been compiled. 

The list is not intended to be comprehensive or exhaustive as it will ultimately be up to Council to 

decide if a proposed development will require screening. The list is solely to provide a general 

indication of the types of situations where screening is likely to be required. 

Until the MD’s Land Use Bylaw is revised to provide for a greater range of commercial and 

industrial land uses, it is not being proposed that screening standards be applied based on land 

use designation but rather on the likelihood that the activity or facilities proposed will detract 

from the visual character of the area. It should be noted that these standards are not intended to 

be utilized to require screening of agricultural operations, structures or equipment on land that is 

zoned as Agricultural. The purpose of these standards, as mentioned in section 1.0, is to 

provide guidance to landowners who are operating or proposing to operate a commercial 

enterprise anywhere in the MD including the Highway 2A Industrial Corridor. 

When determining what types of activities and facilities might be subject to the requirement for 

landscape screening, it was decided that the best place to start was by identifying and 

categorizing visually obtrusive or unsightly premises that currently exist in the MD. Assuming 

that what will be encountered in the future will not differ dramatically from what currently exists, 

the following categories are suggested: 

1. Outdoor storage areas. This category would include lumber, pipe, tanks, 

manufactured goods or materials for manufacturing processes. Establishments which 

sell bulk goods such as lumber yards would also fit under this category. 

2. Vehicle parking and storage areas. This category would include cars, farm 

equipment, recreational vehicles, tractor trailers, boats etc... This does not include a 

typical parking lot, but an area which will store vehicles for a more extended period. 

3. Stockpile areas. Large stockpiles of materials such as sand or aggregate used for 

industrial purposes would qualify for this category. 

4. Exterior work areas. This includes areas for assembly and construction or repair and 

industrial processing which occur outside. 

5. Garbage or waste areas. This would include areas for waste disposal, recycling 

storage or processing. Auto-wrecking and similar activities would be covered here as 

well. 


Page 

6. Loading areas. This category would cover loading docks and bays or other outdoor 

loading areas for commercial or industrial buildings. 

7. Mechanical and electrical equipment. This would typically include large air 

conditioning units, ventilation units, electrical transformers, small trash receptacles and 

other such equipment deemed unsightly by the Municipal District. 

8. Parking and sales lots. This category would include areas which are deemed 

unsightly, but still have a need to have some clear sight lines maintained. A vehicle 

sales lot or a supermarket parking lot are good examples of these areas. 

The above list provides a general guideline for when screening may be required, it should not 

be considered to be exhaustive or cover all examples. Council may use their discretion to 

implement these guidelines whenever an application for land use re-designation, subdivision or 

development is made. 

4 

Following are examples of each category for reference: 

Category 1: Outdoor Storage Areas Figure 2.1 

Category 1: Outdoor Storage Areas Figure 2.2 


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Category 2: Vehicle Parking and Storage Areas Figure 2.3 

Category 2: Vehicle Parking and Storage Areas Figure 2.4 

Category 3: Material Stockpile Areas Figure 2.5 


Page 

6 

Category 4: Exterior Work Areas Figure 2.6 

Category 5: Garbage and Waste Areas Figure 2.7 

Category 6: Loading Areas Figure 2.8 


Page 7 

Category 7: Mechanical & Electrical Equipment Figure 2.9 

Category 8: Parking Lots and Sales Lots Figure 2.10 


3.0 LEVELS OF SCREENING 

Page 

8 

Based on the categories of target activities and facilities, Dillon Consulting recommended a 

system whereby three (3) different levels of screening would be used to address the variety of 

screening that would be needed. In order of highest to lowest level of screening they are: full 

screening, which approximates 100% screening of the property from adjacent properties, partial 

screening, around 50% screening, and buffer screening, which should obscure approximately 

25% of the development from adjacent roads or properties. A more detailed description of the 

three types of screening follows. 

FULL SCREENING 

Full screening is used to provide a complete visual barrier of a selected area, using fences, 

walls, berms and/or tightly spaced evergreen plant material. 

Full screening may be considered appropriate when the intent is to fully block the view from the 

adjacent roads or lands. Garbage storage areas and electrical or mechanical equipment 

locations are examples of areas that may benefit from full screening. There may be 

circumstances where full screening is used in conjunction with partial or buffer forms of 

screening on a site. 

Closely spaced evergreen trees are one method of providing full screening. 

PARTIAL SCREENING 

Partial screening is used to when the intent is to visually block approximately 50% of the activity 

or facility from adjacent properties or roadways. A partial screen provides a sense of visual 

transparency between portions of the site and adjacent roads/lands. This moderate level of 

screening is appropriate for a variety sites. 

A combination of walls/ fences, coniferous / deciduous plant material and earth berms can be 

used to create partial screening by blocking approximately 50% of the site from view. Fences 

may allow for 50% opacity, trees are planted farther apart and earth berms may only be half the 

height necessary to block the view. A hedge of deciduous shrubs, such as lilacs or caragana 

provides significant coverage for 50% of the year. A combination of multiple screening elements 

can be used to create an interesting visual barrier from both inside and outside the site. 


Page 9 

A mixed landscape is an appropriate method of providing partial screening. 

BUFFER SCREENING 

Buffer screening is used to provide a low level of screening or ‘landscape softening’. Vehicle 

sales lots and commercial parking areas are suggested examples of areas that may benefit 

from buffer screening. 

Fences, low walls, earth berms and a mix of deciduous and coniferous trees and shrubs can be 

used as components of buffer screening. 

A landscape buffer screen is one method of providing the 25% screening suggested for buffer 

screening. 

DETERMINING THE SUGGESTED LEVEL OF SCREENING 

In Section 2 of this document a number of categories of activities 

and facilities for which screening may be required were described. 

Some of these categories would benefit from minimal screening, 

while for others, a more complete screening would be appropriate. 

A common question is: 

“How do I determine how much screening 

I will be asked to provide for my proposed 

development” 

The precise level of screening that will be required of a landowner or developer will be at the 

discretion of Council or the MD’s Development Officers and will be dependant upon such factors 


Page 10 

as the visibility of the site as well as adjacent land uses. However, a general idea of what will 

be required can be determined through use of a table and general check list. 

Below is a table which lays out the screening levels that are suggested for the eight categories 

of activities and facilities for which screening may be required. 

Table 3.1 - Screening Levels by Activity 

or Facility Category 

1. Outdoor Storage Areas 

2. Vehicle Parking & Storage 

3. Material Stockpile Areas 

4. Exterior Work Areas 

5. Garbage & Waste Areas 

6. Loading Areas 

7. Mechanical & Electrical Equipment * 

8. Parking Lots & Sales Lots 

Suggested Screening Level 

Full 

Screening 

~ 100% 

Partial 

Screening 

~ 50 % 

Buffer 

Screening 

~ 25% 

* This item is suited to full screening of selective areas. 

Note: The MD of Foothills Council may determine that a property requires a higher level of screening 

than recommended in the above matrix. 

To determine what level of screening is likely to be required: 

First, find the category at left that best describes the proposed development and follow along to 

the checked column. This will give you a preliminary result for the level of screening required. 

Next, answer the following questions: 

Is the proposed development: 

In or adjacent to a hamlet 

If yes, may need to increase level of screening. 

Located on a major road or provincial highway If yes, may need to increase level of screening. 

Located adjacent to residential development 

Located adjacent to a natural area 




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Located near a major recreational facility 

On a site that has flat or rolling terrain 

On a site that is bare or well treed 

Adjacent to similar uses 


If rolling, may be able to decrease level of 

screening depending on location of visually 

obtrusive activity or facility. 

If well treed, may be able to decrease level of 

screening depending on location of visually 

obtrusive activity or facility. 

If yes, may be able to decrease level of 

screening at least on sides adjacent to similar 

use. 

Example 1: 

There is a proposal for an RV storage facility. Referring to Table 3.1, this would fall under 

Category 2 - Vehicle parking and storage areas. For Category 2 partial screening is suggested. 

However, the proposed facility is located on a flat site with no trees that is both on a major 

highway and adjacent to a country residential development. As a result, Council may, at their 

discretion, require full screening. 

Example 2: 

There is a proposal for a restaurant within a Hamlet. The restaurant will require a large 

mechanical fan off the kitchen, a used grease collection bin and a garbage dumpster. 

According to Table 3.1, the mechanical equipment and the garbage/waste area will likely require 

full screening. As the proposed site is within a hamlet and located adjacent to residential lots it 

is likely that Council will adhere to the recommended full screening. 


4.0 PROPOSED SCREENING METHODS 

Page 12 

Once the level of screening that is likely to be required is 

determined, a landowner or developer may ask: 

“How do I determine what method to use 

to provide the required screening” 

It is true that determining the level of screening that is likely to be 

required by the Municipality is only the first step in the process. 

Next, the landowner should determine how they will fulfill the likely 

requirements. This will be included in the application as the 

“Proposed Screening Plan”. 

STEP 1: 

Prepare a detailed site plan approximately to scale. This plan should include: 

 

 

 

Existing and proposed access to the site with adjacent roads labeled 

Existing internal roadways 

Any easements or rights of way existing on the site (e.g. access easements, power lines 

or utility rights of way) 

All existing buildings 

 

The location of any significant natural site features, for example areas with significant 

slope, water courses or wet areas, areas with existing trees or shrubs etc. 

The location of any proposed buildings 

The location of any proposed internal roads 

The location of any proposed parking, loading, storage, refuse and/or exterior work 

areas 

STEP 2: 

Determine the suggested level of screening by referring to Table 3.1 and answering the 

questions in Section 3 of this document. This should result in an idea of the likely screening 

requirements. 

STEP 3: 

Referring to Table 4.1 – Screening Methods and the Screening Methods descriptions and 

examples, determine the most appropriate methods for fulfilling the likely screening 

requirements. 

STEP 4: 

Prepare a “Proposed Screening Plan” and submit it as part of the development application. It 

may be desirable to have a Professional Landscape Architect prepare this plan particularly if the 

proposed development is likely to require extensive screening. 


Page 13 

TABLE 4.1 – SCREENING METHODS 

Screening Screening Description Advantages Disadvantages 

Method Level 

Fence or 

Wall 

Fence or 

Wall 

Full 

Screening 

Partial 

Screening 

Solid constructed fence or wall of 

sufficient height and length to 

obscure the activity or facility that 

requires screening. 

Acceptable Materials Include: 

Concrete Block, Concrete Panels, 

Brick, wood, Aluminum, PVC, 

Stucco 

Note: Chain link fences with 

vinyl inserts are not acceptable. 

Solid constructed fence or wall of 

sufficient height and length to 

obscure approximately 50% of the 

activity or facility that requires 

screening. 

Attractive and 

generally low 

maintenance 

requirements. 

See above 

Relatively large 

initial expense. 

Tend to be 

difficult to build on 

rolling or densely 

vegetated areas. 

See above 

Acceptable Materials: 

See above 

Fence or 

Wall 

Buffer 

Screening 

Sections of fence or wall, may be See above 

only partially solid – may have 

sections of wrought iron or lattice or 

openings which provide some 

opportunity for views through. The 

requirement is that it obscure 

approximately 25% of the activity or 

facility that requires screening. 

See above 

Acceptable Materials: See above 

and add lattice, wrought iron and 

glass block. 

Earth Berm 

Earth Berm 

Full 

Screening 

Partial 

Screening 

A mound or bank of earth of 

sufficient length and height to 



Relatively 

inexpensive. 

Very low 

maintenance 

requirements 

A mound or bank of earth of See above 




screening. 

Not particularly 

attractive unless 

combined with 

landscaping or 

hardscaping or 

both. 

May need to 

remove existing 

vegetation to 

install. 

See above 


Page 14 

Earth Berm 

Buffer 

Screening 

A mound or bank of earth of See above 




screening. 

See above 

Landscaping Full 

Screening 

Landscaping Partial 

Screening 

Landscaping Buffer 

Screening 

Combination Full 

Screening 

Combination Partial 

Screening 

Combination Buffer 

Screening 

Densely planted rows or groupings 

of evergreen trees of sufficient 

height and length to completely 



Rows or groupings of trees and 

shrubs, both evergreen and 

deciduous of sufficient density to 



screening. 

Rows or groupings of trees and 

shrubs, both evergreen and 

deciduous of sufficient density to 



screening. 

Sections of fencing or walls may be 

combined with berms or with rows 

or groupings of trees and shrubs, 

both evergreen and deciduous of 

sufficient density to entirely 







sufficient density to obscure 







sufficient density to obscure 



Attractive 

Can be 

installed on 

flat or rolling 

terrain and 

can work with 

existing 

vegetation 

See Above 

See above 

Has the 

potential to 

be the most 

attractive 

option. 

See above 

See above 

Relatively large 

initial expense. 

Maintenance 

requirements 

Water 

requirements 

See Above 

See above 

Can be very 

expensive 

Water and 

maintenance 

requirements may 

be significant 

particularly if 

landscaping is 

planted on berms 

See above 

See above 


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SCREENING METHODS - EXAMPLES 

Fence or Wall Screen – Full or Partial Screening 

m 

Concrete panel or concrete block fence - Elevation 

m 

Stucco wall - Elevation 

Note: Decreasing height and/or length can change wall or fence from full to partial screen. 

Fence or Wall Screen – Buffer Screening 

m 

Buffer wall – Elevation 


SCREENING METHODS – EXAMPLES (cont) 

Earth Berm Screen – Full or Partial Screening 

Constructed Berm with Turf 

Page 16 

Constructed berm with turf - Plan 

Constructed Berm with Turf Elevation 

Constructed berm with turf - Elevation 

Note: Decreasing height and/or length can change berm from full to partial screen. 


Page 17 


Landscaping Screen – Full Screen 

Evergreen Screen 

Evergreen Screen - Plan 

Evergreen Screen - Elevation 



Landscaping Screen – Partial Screen 

Mixed Landscape Screen 

Page 18 

Mixed Landscape - Plan 

Mixed Landscape - Elevation 

Mixed Landscape Section 

Mixed Landscape - Section 


Page 19 



Deciduous Hedge Screen 

Deciduous Hedge – Plan 

Deciduous Hedge – Elevation 

Deciduous Hedge - Section 


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Columnar Tree Screen 

Columnar Tree Screen - Plan 

Columnar Tree Screen - Elevation 

Note: The above columnar screen qualifies as partial screening if evergreens are used, 

However, would require more trees if deciduous trees are used. 

- For full screening space 2/3 of mature height from next tree 

- Width varies, use width equal to mature spread 

- Plant last tree 6 m + 1/2 mature spread from roadway entrance. 


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Landscaping Screen – Buffer Screen 

Mixed Planted Landscape - Plan 

Mixed Planted Landscape - Elevation 



Combination Screen – Full Screening 

Berm with Plants on top 

Page 22 

Berm with Plants on Top - Plan 

Berm with Plants on Top - Elevation 

Note: This option is not recommended unless provisions can be made for irrigation 

using non-potable or recycled water. 


Page 23 


Combination Screen – Full or Partial Screening 

Earth Berms and Mixed Planted Landscaping 

Berms & Mixed Planted Landscape - Plan 

Berms & Mixed Planted Landscape - Elevation 



Combination Screen – Partial Screen 

Planted Swale Screen 

Page 24 

m 

Swale Planting - Plan 

m 

Swale Planting - Elevation 

m 

Swale Planting - Section 

NOTE: - Width varies, use width equal to mature spread of shrubs plus 1 m 

- Keep screen out of 6 m from roadway entrance (deciduous trees can have branches removed below 

1.8 m) 

- Use only moisture tolerant species at the bottom of swale (dryer species can be located higher up) 

- Swale must have outlet to some drainage or depression must drain water within 72 hours. 


Page 25 

5.0 DEVELOPING THE SCREENING PLAN 

As mentioned in Section 4.0, a complete application for a proposed development that is likely to 

require screening should include the proposed screening plan. 

The proposed screening plan will include a scaled drawing of the site including proposed 

access, any rights of way or easements, setbacks that apply from roads or right of ways, all 

buildings, parking areas, and other proposed site improvements. It will clearly indicate which 

areas are likely to require screening and the type of screening proposed (full, partial or buffer 

screening), and the methods that will be used to achieve the screening. 

It should also include a schedule that describes how the screening will be 

constructed and what plants, if any, will be utilized. The MD of Foothills 

has provided a list of specifications, a plant list and some planting details 

that should assist landowners or prospective developers in answering the 

question: 

“How do I construct my landscape screen” 

The MD of Foothills has developed a set of specifications for landscape screening that will 

assist applicants with the preparation of their proposed screening plan. These specifications 

can be found in Appendix A of this document. 

A list of plant material that is suitable for the Municipal District of Foothills is also provided, in 

Appendix B. This list includes the hardiness (by zone) to assist with plant selection for specific 

sites. More exposed areas will tend to require hardier plants more suited to colder zones than 

sheltered locations. The use of native plant material is usually preferred, however, the native 

plant palette is quite limited and many foreign species have been successfully used in Alberta 

for decades. Moisture need and salt tolerance should also be considered in choosing plant 

material. When planting in swales or in lower lying areas, or with irrigation drought tolerance is 

not as critical, but if the screening plan calls for landscaping on berms then drought tolerance is 

critical. Where salt spray or runoff from de-icing salts coming in contact with plant material is 

unavoidable, then selecting salt tolerant species will be beneficial. The mature size of the plant 

material is given, but these are average sizes only. Some plants will grow to surpass these 

sizes, while some will not achieve the average sizes. The more favourable the growing 

conditions are the more likely the plants will achieve or surpass average sizes. 


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6.0 LANDSCAPE CONSTRUCTION APPROVAL 

REQUIREMENTS 

In accordance with direction from MD Council, the developer will be required to submit two bond 

sets of landscape construction drawings, and a digital set (.pdf) of the drawing set. All drawings 

submitted must provide: 

1. Name of project, developer, landowner and contact information in title block form; 

2. Scale in metric ( preferred scales: 1:200, 1:250 or 1:500); 

3. North arrow; 

4. Legal description, property lines including dimensions; 

5. Utility locations, legal easement, rights of way etc; 

6. Curb lines, side walks, utility poles, fences and any other boundary condition; 

7. Note all existing above and below grade features to be protected & to be removed 

8. Existing vegetation, existing irrigation; 

9. Depiction of planting beds and all construction items proposed i.e. berms, walkways, 

driveways, parking areas, structures, natural areas including dimensions; 

10. All plant material crowns shown at 2/3 maximum size; 

11. Plant list identifying species, quantities, sizes; 

12. Details as required; 

13. Grading as required; 

14. Any other information as requested by MD Council; 

Landscape Drawings stamped and submitted by a Registered Landscape Architect should 

include a construction cost estimate. Cost estimates for landscape drawings not stamped by a 

Registered Landscape Architect will be determined by MD staff based on the estimated 

screening costs outlined in the MD of Foothills Planning Fee Schedule. Alternatively, Council 

may set the required surety amount at their discretion. 

Further to the approval of the screening plan, applicants will generally be required to fully 

execute a Developers Agreement for the landscape construction in advance of commencing 

construction, including execution of agreements(s), proof of required insurance, payment of 

review fees and submission of surety, as well as receiving approval on all required development 

permits as necessary. 


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7.0 MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS 

Once the screen has been installed according to specifications, there 

will be a maintenance requirement to ensure that the screen itself 

does not become unsightly due to dead or dying vegetation, an 

abundance of weeds or fences or walls that are in need of 

maintenance or repair. 

The prospect of maintaining the screen may be daunting so the MD 

has developed a set of requirements that answer the question: 

“How much maintenance will be required” 

LANDSCAPING: 

1. Maintain all plant material from the time of planting until the date of issue of Final 

Acceptance Certificate; 

2. Maintenance includes all measures necessary to establish and maintain all plants in a 

vigorous and healthy growing condition; 

3. At the time of acceptance, all material must be in a healthy, vigorous growing condition. 

Un-mulched beds and tree pits must be freshly cultivated and free of weeds, rubbish, 

and debris. Mulched beds should be free of weeds, rubbish and debris; 

4. Remove all dead branches. Prune broken portions of branches back to live lateral; 

FENCING AND HARDSCAPING: 

1. Fences or walls must be whole and complete including finishes prior to the date of issue 

of Final Acceptance Certificate. 

2. Any damage to walls or fences from weather, wildlife, livestock, traffic accidents or 

vandalism must be repaired in a timely manner. 

3. Fences or walls should be repainted or refinished at such time as they begin to appear 

unsightly from age or degradation. 

MD of Foothills No. 31 Standards for Landscape Screening

8.0 ESTIMATED SCREENING COSTS 

Page 28 

The prospect of constructing screening for a proposed development 

can seem daunting and applicants will most likely find themselves 

wondering: 

“How much is this going to cost me” 

There are many factors that will influence the cost of the screening. 

These include: 

The size of the development; 

The level of screening required; 

The method of screening which is chosen; 

Whether or not the services of a landscape architect or landscape design/installation 

contractor are enlisted; 

Market factors related to landscaping and construction materials and services. 

There are two components to the cost for screening: 

Fees and letters of credit to the Municipality associated with the application process 

The cost for the design, construction and maintenance of the screening. 

Fees to the Municipality 

An application that is likely to require a screening component will be assessed a screening plan 

review fee in addition to regular application fees. Also there will be a requirement for a deposit 

in the form of a letter of credit to be provided upon approval of the application. This will be 

returned to the applicant once the screening has been constructed according to the screening 

plan the satisfaction of the Municipality and the Final Acceptance Certificate has been issued. 

There are three possible scenarios with respect to the review fees and deposits: 

1. The applicant submits a proposed screening plan prepared by a registered 

landscape architect complete with a cost estimate. The applicant is then assessed 

the Screening Plan Review Fee according to the MD’s Planning Fees Schedule. The 

applicant is then required to enter into a Developer’s Agreement with the MD and will 

provide a Letter of Credit based on 125% of the screening cost estimate as prepared 

by the landscape architect. 

2. The applicant submits a proposed screening plan that was not prepared by a 

registered landscape architect. The applicant is then assessed the Screening Plan 

Review Fee according to the MD’s Planning Fees Schedule. The applicant is then 

required to enter into a Developer’s Agreement with the MD and will provide a Letter 

of Credit based on 125% of the screening cost estimate as calculated by MD Staff 

according to the MD Planning Fees Schedule. 


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3. The applicant submits a proposed screening plan that may or may not have been 

prepared by a registered landscape architect and are assessed the Screening Plan 

Review Fee. Council then sets a required surety amount and determines if the 

applicant will be required to enter into a Developer’s Agreement. The applicant will 

then provide the MD with a Letter of Credit based on the amount determined by 

Council. 

Cost for the Design, Construction and Maintenance of the Screening 

There are many variables that will determine the cost of design construction and maintenance of 

screening. Table 4.1 on pages 13 and 14 does address relative expense of some of the 

different methods for screening, but it is in no way intended to be a comprehensive guide. The 

best way to ensure that you know what you are getting into is to hire a reputable landscape 

architect or a landscaping firm that offers a design/build service. They will have up to date 

information on costing for various forms of screening and may have creative solutions to meet 

the requirements that have not been presented here. 

If the landowner or developer elects to design their own screening plan, they will be responsible 

for determining costs for their own budgeting; however the MD will determine the surety amount 

that is required based on the estimates given in the Planning Fee Schedule as outlined in 

scenario 2, above. 


9.0 CONCLUSION 

Page 30 

The purpose of the Screening standards is to provide guidance to landowners or developers 

who are operating or proposing to operate a commercial enterprise anywhere in the MD of 

Foothills including the Highway 2A Industrial Corridor, so that they might prevent their business 

from creating a negative visual impact on surrounding properties. 

These guidelines were developed with the intent to protect the visual quality of the lands in the 

MD and are not intended to impose undue hardship on business owners. The guideline 

package is intended to assist applicants for commercial or industrial projects in anticipating if 

screening might be required for their project, and to provide guidance to allow them to 

successfully navigate the design and approvals process. 

The package guides applicants through the process of determining what level of screening 

might be required for their proposed development and then provides materials to assist in the 

preparation of the Screening Plan. Expectations with respect to maintenance are discussed as 

well as an approximation of costs for constructing the screening. The appendices contain 

supplementary information and detailed specifications, all of which are intended to facilitate the 

approval of the proposed development. 

The MD of Foothills’ appointed Development Officers or the MD Council will consider a 

landscape screening proposal submitted by a developer as part of the application process. At 

their discretion, they will determine if and how much screening is necessary. The goal is to work 

with applicants to ensure that future developments maintain or enhance the visual quality of the 

MD of Foothills and to preserve our rural character for future generations. 


Page 31 

A1 SCREENING SPECIFICATIONS 

GENERAL 

1. All requirements of the MD of Foothills No. 31 Land Use Bylaw must be complied with. 

Please note Section 10.2.0 regarding special setback requirements, Section 10.7.0 

regarding landscaping and fencing. 

2. All planting work is to be carried out by experienced personnel under the direction of a 

skilled horticultural foreman. 

SIGHTLINES and SETBACKS 

1. Line assignments (setbacks) from utilities, as determined by the municipal engineer; 

2. Ensure required setbacks from highways or municipal roads 

3. Ensure appropriate sight line distance for all entrances; 

BERMS 

4. Berms are to be three (3) horizontal units on each side for every vertical unit (3:1); 

5. Compact earth to 85 standards proctor density; 

6. Top of berm is to be rounded; 

PLANTING 

7. Planting area for coniferous trees, minimum 11m in width for double row and 7m in width 

of single row; 

8. All trees spaced ½ maximum spread or 5m ( whichever is less) 

9. Keep all roots and root balls watered prior to planting 

10. Dig out all planting excavations by tree spade, backhoe or hand shovel; 

11. Ensure width of all planting excavations is 450mm greater on all sides than the width of 

the root ball or as per site conditions to maintain soil volume; 

12. Scarify subgrade to a depth of 75mm under all tree pits and shrub beds; 

13. Place plant plumb in the centre of the planting pit with a firm base under the root ball; 

14. Face the plant to give the best appearance or relationship to the adjacent structures; 

15. Place bare root plants so that the roots lie in a natural position; 

16. Backfill with topsoil and firmly compact to ensure the plant retains its orientation. Ensure 

no air pockets remain around the roots; 

17. Thoroughly water trees within the same working day of planting trees. 

18. Minimum size for coniferous trees is 1 meter height, 600mm root ball diameter 

19. Minimum #5 pot for all shrubs; 

20. Minimum 40mm caliper for deciduous trees, 600mm root ball diameter 

21. All planting bed should be mulched to a depth of 75mm. Keep material 50mm away from 

trunks and stems to prevent rotting of bark. 

22. Ensure that the trees remain at grade surrounded by a tree well to a depth of 100mm 

after planting and watering. All trees to be mulched starting 50mm from the root flare 

(trunk) and extending the length of the hole. 

23. Wood type of mulch can be any type except Fraxinus species. All non-wood mulch types 

must receive approval of the MD Municipal Engineer; 


Page 32 

24. Mulch sizes to be an even mix of sizes ranging from 10mm x 10mm x 5mm to 40mm x 

60mm x 35mm; 

25. Mulch material should have no more than 5% by volume of soil, sawdust, peat moss, 

needles and twiggy material or longer strips; 

26. Minimum 125mm depth of topsoil for sod, minimum 150mm depth of topsoil for seed; 

27. Shrubs to be in 600mm depth topsoil bed; 

28. As a minimum, all plant material must be nursery grown and meet the specifications set 

out in the latest Guide Specifications for Nursery Stock prepared by the Canadian 

Nursery Trade Association (C.N.T.A) and the International Society of Arboriculture ( 

I.S.A.) for size, height, spread, grading, quality and method of cultivation; 

29. Nomenclature of the specified plants shall conform to the International Code of 

Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants and the latest edition of Standardized Plant Names; 

30. Any plant material not conforming to (the CNTA point above) will be designed as 

“collected plants”; 

31. “Collected plants” may only be used when approved in writing by the MD Municipal 

Engineer. 

32. All material must conform to the sizes shown on the plant list. Larger material may be 

used only when approved by MD Municipal Engineer. Use of larger plants will not 

increase the contract price. 

33. Do not use plant material on which the root ball has been cracked or broken preparatory 

to or during the planting process. 


Page 33 

A2 PLANT LIST 

Scientific Name Common Name Saline 

Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Deciduous Trees 

Acer ginnala Amur Maple M/H M/L 3 2 5 F 

Acer negundo 'Baron' Manitoba Maple M/H M/L 12 2 12 FI 

Acer negundo Manitoba Maple M/H M/L 12 2 14 FI 

Acer saccharinum Silver Maple L M 12 3 15 F 

Betula papyrifera Paper Birch M H/M 6 2-3 12 N 

Betula pendula 'Lanciniata' Cutleaf Weeping Birch M/H H/M 6 2-3 12 F 

Betula pendula 'Youngii' Young's Weeping Birch M/H H/M 4 2 4 F 

Caragana aborescens 

'Sutherland' Sutherland Caragana M/H L 1.5 2 5 FI 

Crataegus mordenensis 

'Snowbird' Hawthorn M/H M/L 4 3 5 F 

Crataegus mordenensis 'Toba' Hawthorn M/H M/L 4 3 5 F 

Crataegus succulenta Fleshy Hawthorn M/H M/L 8 3 6 N 

Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian Olive H L 5 3 5 FI 

Fraxinus americana White Ash M M/L 12 3 16 F 

Fraxinus mandshurica Manchurian Ash M H/M 6 2-3 12 FD 

Fraxinus nigra Black Ash M H/M 3 2-3 8 FD 

Fraxinus nigra Summit Ash M H/M 3 2-3 10 FD 

Fraxinus nigra x mandshurica Fall Gold Ash M H/M 4 2-3 10 FD 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Bergeson Green Ash M/H M/L 8 3 15 F 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica 'Heuver' Foothills Green Ash M/H M/L 8 3 15 F 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Prairie Spire Green Ash M/H M/L 6 2-3 15 F 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash M/H M/L 8 3 15 F 

Fraxinus x Northern Gem Northern Gem Ash M/H M/L 7 3 10 FD 

Fraxinus x Northern Treasure Northern Treasure M H/M 7 3 10 FD 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Patmore Green Ash M/H M/L 8 2-3 15 F 

Juglans cinerea Butternut M M/L 4 3-4 10 F 

Larix laricina (deciduous conifer) Tamarack/ American Larch M/L H 3 1-2 15 N 

Larix sibirica (deciduous conifer) Siberian Larch M M 3 2 12 F 

Malus x Big River Big River Crabapple M/H M 3 2 5 F 

Malus x Selkirk Selkirk Crabapple M/H M 4 2-3 5 F 

Malus x Spring Snow Spring Snow Crabapple M/H M 5 2-3 8 F 

Malus x Thunderchild Thunderchild Crabapple M/H M 4 2-3 8 F 

Malus x Dolgo Dolgo Crab M/H M 4 2-3 6 F 

Malus x Kelsey Kelsey Crab M/H M 4 2-3 5 F 

Malus x Makamic Makamic Crab M/H M 3 2-3 5 F 


Page 34 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Malus x Radiant Radiant Crab M/H M 5 2-3 5 F 

Malus x Royal Beauty Royal Beauty Crab M/H M 3 2-3 3 F 

Malus x Royalty Royalty Crab M/H M 5 2-3 5 F 

Malus baccata Rosthern (Siberian) Crab M/H M 2.5 2-3 5 F 

Populus angustifolia Narrow-leaf cottonwood M/L M/H 9 2-3 18 N 

Populus balsamifera Balsam Poplar M/H M 9 1 20 N 

Populus x Assiniboine Assiniboine Cottonwood M/H M/H 12 2-3 12 F 

Populus deltoides Cottonwood M/H M/H 15 2-3 20 F 

Populus tremula erecta Swedish Columnar Aspen M/H M/L 1.5 2 2 F 

Populus tremuloides Advance Aspen M/H M 3 2 5 F 

Populus tremuloides Pikes Bay Aspen M/H M 3 2 5 F 

Populus tremuloides Trembling Aspen M/H M/L 3 1 5 N 

Populus x 'Brooks' Brooks #6 Poplar M/H M 12 2-3 15 F 

Populus x 'Byland Green' Byland Green Poplar M/H M 12 2-3 15 F 

Populus x canescens Tower Poplar M/H M 2 2-3 2.5 F 

Populus X Northwest Northwest Poplar M/H M 15 2-3 20 F 

Prunus maackii Amur Cherry M/H M 5 2 8 F 

Prunus x nigrella 'Muckle' Muckle Plum M M 3 3 4 F 

Prunus nigra Princess McKay M/H M 2 3 4 F 

Prunus padus commutata Mayday M/H M 8 3 8 F 

Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry M/H M/L 3 3 5 N 

Prunus virginiana Baileys Schubert M/H M/L 5 2 8 F 

Prunus virginiana melanocarpa Native Chokecherry M/H M/L 3 2-3 5 N 

Prunus virginiana x Midnight Midnight Schubert M M 5 3 8 F 

Prunus virginiana x Robert's Robert's Schubert M M 3 3 8 F 

Pyrus ussuriensis Ussurian Pear M/L M/H 4 3 6 F 

Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak M/H M/L 8 3 10 F 

Salix acutifolia Sharp-Leaf Willow M/H H/L 15 2-3 15 N 

Salix alba sericea White Willow M/H M/H 12 2-3 15 F 

Salix alba vitellina Golden Willow M/H M/H 12 2-3 15 F 

Salix pentandra Laurel-Leaf Willow M/H M/H 12 2-3 12 F 

Sorbus americana American Mountain Ash L M/L 5 2 8 N 

Sorbus aucuparia 'Blackhawk' European Mountain Ash L M/L 2.5 3 10 F 

Sorbus aucuparia 'Pyramidal' Pyramidal Mountain Ash L M/L 2.5 3 10 F 

Sorbus aucuparia 'Rossica' Russian Mountain Ash L M/L 4 3 10 F 

Sorbus decora Showy Mountain Ash L M/L 5 2 6 F 

Syringa reticulata 'Ivory Silk' Japanese Tree Lilac M M/H 3 3 5 F 

Tilia americana American Basswood M M/H 5 3 12 F 

Tilia cordata Littleleaf Linden M/H M/L 5 3 12 F 


Page 35 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Tilia cordata' Golden Cascade' Golden Cascade Linden M/H M/H 5 3 12 F 

Tilia cordata 'Harvest Gold' Harvest Gold Linden M/H M/H 5 3 12 F 

Tilia cordata 'Morden' Morden Linden M/H M/L 5 2 12 F 

Ulmus americana American Elm H M/L 10 2 15 F 

Ulmus americana 'Brandon' Brandon Elm H M/H 10 2-3 15 F 

Evergreen Trees 

Picea glauca White Spruce M/H M 5 2 20 N 

Picea glauca densata Black Hills Spruce M/H M 4 2 5 F 

Picea pungens Colorado Spruce M/H M/L 5 2 20 F 

Picea pungens 'Bakeri' Bakeri Spruce M/H M/L 3 2 4 F 

Picea pungens 'Fat Albert' Fat Albert Spruce M/H M/L 6 2 13 F 

Picea pungens 'Hoopsii' Hoopsii Spruce M/H M/L 2 2 12 F 

Picea pungens 'Montgomery' Montgomery Spruce M/H M/L 1 2 2 F 

Picea pungeuns 'Fastigiata' Columnar Blue Spruce M/H M/L 1 2 6 F 

Picea pungens glauca Colorado Blue Spruce M/H M/L 5 2 20 F 

Pinus aristata Bristlecone Pine M M/L 2 2 7 F 

Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine M M/L 5 3-4 12 F 

Pinus contorta latifolia Lodgepole Pine M/L M/L 5 2 20 N 

Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa Pine M/H M/L 6 2 15 F 

Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine M/H M/L 6 2-3 12 F 

Pinus sylvestris fastigiata Columnar Scotch Pine M/L M/L 1 2-3 8 F 

Pinus uncinata Mountain Pine M/H M 2 4 4 F 

Pinus flexilis Limber Pine M M/L 6 4 15 N 

Evergreen Shrubs 

Juniperus communis 'Effusa' Effusa Common Juniper M M/L 2 2 0.3 F 

Juniperus chinensis' Monlep' Mint Julep Juniper M M/H 2 4 1.3 F 

Juniperus horizontalis Andorra Juniper H M/L 2 2 0.3 F 

Juniperus horizontalis'Blue Chip' Blue Chip Juniper H M/L 2 3-4 0.3 F 

Juniperus horizontalis Horizontal Juniper M/H M/L 2 2 0.3 N 

Juniperus horizontalis Gold Coast Juniper M/H M/L 1.5 2 0.8 F 

Juniperus horizontalis Prince of Wales Juniper M/H M/L 2 2 0.2 F 

Juniperus horizontalis Wilton Carpet Juniper M/H M/L 1 3 0.2 F 

Juniperus sabina Savin Juniper M/H M/L 2 3 1 F 

Juniperus sabina 'Arcadia' Arcadia Juniper M/H M/L 2 3 0.5 F 

Juniperus sabina 'Blue Danube' Blue Danube Juniper M/H M 2 3 0.6 F 

Juniperus sabina 'Broadmoor' Broadmoor Juniper M/H M 2 3 0.3 F 

Juniperus sabina 'Buffalo' Buffalo Juniper M/H M/L 2 2 0.4 F 


Page 36 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Juniperus sabina Calgary Carpet Juniper M/H M/L 1.5 2 0.3 F 

Juniperus sabina New Blue Tam Juniper M/H M/L 1.5 3 0.6 F 

Juniperus sabina 'Scandia' Scandia Juniper M/H M 1.5 3 0.3 F 

Juniperus sabina 'Tamariscifolia' Tam Juniper M/H M 2 3 0.6 F 

Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain Juniper M/H L 1.5 2 3 N 

Juniperus scopulorum Cologreen Juniper M/H M/L 1.5 2 4 F 

Juniperus scopulorum Grey Gleam Juniper M/H L 1.5 2 4 F 

Juniperus scopulorum Moonglow Juniper M/H M/L 1.5 2 4 F 

Juniperus scopulorum Witchita Blue Juniper M/H L 1.5 2 4 F 

Picea glauca conica Dwarf Alberta Spruce M/H L 1 3 2 F 

Picea abies nidiformis Nest Spruce L M/H 1.5 3 1.2 F 

Picea pungens 'Globosa' Globe Blue Spruce M/H M/L 1 2 2 F 

Pinus cembra Swiss Mountain Pine M M/L 5 4 10 F 

Pinus mugo 'mugo' Mugo Pine M/H M/L 2 2 4 F 

Pinus mugo pumila Dwarf Mugo Pine M/H M/L 1.5 3 1 F 

Thuja occidentalis 'Brandon' Brandon Cedar L M/H 1.5 3 4 F 

Thuja occidentalis 'Holmstrup' Holmstrup Dwarf Cedar L M/H 1 3 2 F 

Thuja occidentalis 'Woodwardii' Globe Cedar L M/H 2 3 2 F 

Deciduous Shrubs 

Acer ginnala 

Amur maple (Multistemmed) 

M/H M/L 3 2 5 F 

Alnus crispa Alder M M/H 3 2 3 N 

Amelanchier alnifolia Honeywood Saskatoon M M/H 4 2 5 F 

Amelanchier alnifolia Martin Saskatoon M M/H 3 2 4 F 

Amelanchier alnifolia Northline Saskatoon M M/H 3 2 4 F 

Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon ( Native) M M/H 3 2 4 N 

Aronia melanocarpa Chokeberry M M/L 1 3 1.5 F 

Atriplex canescens Fourwing Saltbush H L 1.5 3 1.3 N 

Berberis thunbergii Emerald Carousel Barberry M/H L 1.3 3 1.3 F 

Berberis thunbergii Crimson Pygmy Barberry M/H L 0.6 3 0.8 F 

Buxus sp. Boxwood M L 0.5 3-4 0.5 F 

Caragana arborescens Common Caragana H M/L 3 2 4 F 

Caragana arborescens 'Lorbergii' Fernleaf Caragana H M/L 2 2 4 F 

Caragana arborescens 

'Sutherland' Sutherland Caragana H M/L 1 2 4 F 

Caragana frutex 'Globosa' Globe Caragana H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Caragana pygmaea Pygmy Caragana H M/L 2 2 1 F 

Cornus alba 'Aureo-marginata' Silver-leaf Dogwood L M/H 1.5 2-3 2 F 

Cornus alba Bud's Yellow Dogwood M M/L 2 2 1.5 F 


Page 37 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Cornus alba 'Gouchaultii' Mottled Dogwood L M/H 2 2-3 2 F 

Cornus alba siberica Variegated Dogwood L M/H 2 2-3 2 F 

Cornus alba 'Bailhalo' Ivory Halo Dogwood L M/H 1.5 2-3 1 F 

Cornus alba 'Kesselringii' Purple Twig Dogwood L M/H 2 2-3 2 F 

Cornus alba 'Sibirica' Siberian Coral Dogwood L M/H 2 3 2 F 

Cornus sericea 'Kelseyi' Kelsey Dwarf Dogwood L M/H 0.8 3 0.8 F 

Cornus sericea/stolonifera Red Osier Dogwood L M/H 2 3 2 N 

Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazelnut M M 3 3 2.5 N 

Cotoneaster lucidus/acutifolia Peking Cotoneaster M M/L 2 2 2 F 

Cotoneaster integerrimus European Cotoneaster M M/L 4 2 F 

Eleagnus commutata Wolf Willow H L 2 2 2 N 

Euonymus alata Winged Burning Bush M M 1 3 1.5 F 

Euonymus nana Dwarf Burning Bush M/H L 1 3 1 F 

Euonymus nana 'Turkestanica' Turkestan Burning Bush M/H L 1 3 1 F 

Forsythia ovata Northern Gold Forsythia L M/H 1.5 3 2 F 

Halimodendron halodendron Salt Bush H L 2 2 2 FI 

Hippophae rhamnoides Sea Buckthorn (female) H L 4 2 4 FI 

Hippophae rhamnoides Sea Buckthorn (male) H L 4 2 4 FI 

Hydrangea arborescens 

'Annabelle' Annabelle Hydrangea M/H M/H 1 3 1 F 

Hydrangea paniculata 

'Grandiflora' Peegee Hydrangea M/H M/H 1 3 1 F 

Lonicera tartarica Arnold Red Honeysuckle H M 2.5 3 4 F 

Lonicera tartarica 

Scarlet Trumpet 

Honeysuckle H M 2.5 3 4 F 

Lonicera caerulea edulis Sweetberry Honeysuckle H M 1.2 2 1.5 N 

Lonicera spinosa 'Alberti' Albert Regel Honeysuckle H M 1 3 F 

Lonicera xylosteoides 'Claveyi' 

Clavey's Dwarf 

Honeysuckle H M 1.5 3 1.5 F 

Lonicera xylosteoides 'Miniglobe' Miniglobe Honeysuckle H M 1 3 1.5 F 

Philadelphus Blizzard Mockorange M M 1.5 2 1.5 F 

Philadelphus lewisii Waterton Mockorange M M 1.5 2 2 N 

Philadelphus x 'Galahad' Galahad Mockorange M M 1.5 2 1.5 F 

Philadelphus Golden leaf Mockorange M M 1.5 2 1.5 F 

Physocarpus opulifolius 'Luteus' Golden Ninebark M L 1 2 1.3 F 

Physocarpus opulifolius 'Diabolo' Diabolo Ninebark M L 2.5 2 2.5 F 

Physocarpus opulifolius Nugget Ninebark M L 1.5 2 1.5 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Native Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 N 

Potentilla fruticosa Abbotswood Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Cobalt Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa 

Coronation Triumph 

Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 


Page 38 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Potentilla fruticosa Floppy Disk Potentilla H M/L 0.8 2 0.8 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Gold Drop Potentilla H M/L 0.8 2 0.8 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Goldfinger Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1.5 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Gold Star Potentilla H M/L 0.8 2 0.8 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Jackman Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 

Potentilla fruticosa Katherine Dykes Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Mango Tango Potentilla H M/L 0.6 2 0.6 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Moonlight Potentilla H M/L 1.2 2 1.2 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Orange Whisper Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Pink Beauty Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Red Ace Potentilla H M/L 1 2 0.8 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Red Robin Potentilla H M/L 0.6 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Snowbird Potentilla H M/L 1 2 1 F 

Potentilla fruticosa Yellow Gem Potentilla H M/L 0.8 2 1 F 

Prinsepia sinensis Cherry Prinsepia M/H M/L 2 3 2 F 

Prunus besseyi Western Sand Cherry M M/L 1 2 1 F 

Prunus cerasus Evans Sour Cherry M M 3 2 2 F 

Prunus x cistena Purple-leaf Sand Cherry M/H M 1.5 2 2 F 

Prunus fruticosa Mongolian Cherry M M 1 2 1 F 

Prunus tenella Russian Almond M M/L 1 3 1.5 F 

Prunus tomentosa Nanking Cherry M M/L 1 2 2 F 

Prunus triloba 'Multiplex' Double Flowering Plum M M 1.5 3 2 F 

Prunus virginiana Native Chokecherry M M/L 3 2 2 N 

Prunus virginiana 'Schubert ' Schubert Chokecherry M M/L 3 2 2.5 F 

Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac M/H L 4 2 4 F 

Rhus trilobata 

Threeleaf Sumac 

/Skunkbush M/H M/L 2 2 1 N 

Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac M/H M/L 3 2 3 N 

Ribes alpinum Alpine Currant M/H L 1.5 2-3 1.5 N 

Ribes aureum Golden Currant M L 1.5 2 1.5 N 

Ribes nigrum Wild Black Currant M M 1 2 2 F 

Ribes nigrum 'Wellington' Wellington Currant M M/H 1 2 1.3 F 

Ribes nigrum 'Ben Novas' Ben Novas Currant M M/H 1.5 3 1.5 F 

Ribes oxycanthoides Gooseberry M M/L 1 2 1 N 

Ribes 'Pixwell' Pixwell Gooseberry M M 1.5 3 1.2 F 

Ribes sativum 'Red Lake' Red Lake Currant M M 1 2-3 2 F 

Ribes sativum White Currant M L 1 2-3 1.5 N 

Rosa acicularis Wild Prickly Rose M L 1 2 1 N 

Rosa x Cuthbert Grant Cuthbert Grant Rose M M 1 3 1 F 

Rosa x John Cabot John Cabot Rose M/H L 1.8 2 2.8 F 


Page 39 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Rosa x Henry Kelsey Henry Kelsey Rose M/H L 1.5 2 1.5 F 

Rosa x Morden Sunrise Morden SunriseRose M M 1.3 3 1.3 F 

Rosa x Morden Snow Beauty Morden Snowbeauty Rose M M 0.8 2 1 F 

Rosa x Morden Fireglow Morden Fireglow Rose M M 1.3 3 1 F 

Rosa x Morden Blush Morden Blush Rose M M 0.8 3 0.8 F 

Rosa x Morden Centennial Morden Centennial Rose M M 1.5 2 1.3 F 

Rosa x Morden Ruby Morden Ruby Rose M M 1 2 1 F 

Rosa x Winnipeg Parks Winnipeg Parks Rose M M 0.6 2 0.6 F 

Rosa rubrifolia Redleaf Rose M/H M 1.2 3 1.2 F 

Rosa woodsii Woods Rose M/H L 1 2 1 N 

Rubus Fall gold Raspberry M/L M 1.5 3 1.5 F 

Rubus Red River Raspberry M/L M 1.5 3 1.5 F 

Salix bebbiana Beaked Willow M M/L 2 2 3 N 

Salix brachycarpa Blue Fox Willow M M/L 1 2-3 1 F 

Salix discolor Native Pussy Willow M/L M/H 2 2-3 2 N 

Salix exigua/ interior Sandbar/ Coyote Willow M/L M/H 2 2-3 3 N 

Salix lutea Yellow Twig Willow M/L M/H 2 2-3 3 N 

Salix x marquette Marquette Pussy Willow M/L M/H 2 2-3 2.5 F 

Salix purpurea 'nana' Dwarf Arctic Willow M/L M/H 1 2 1 F 

Salix salicola 'Polar Bear' Polar Bear Willow M/L M/H 2 2 2 F 

Sambucus canadensis 'Aurea' Golden Elder M H-L 3 2 3 F 

Sambucus nigra 'Eva' Black Lace Elder M M/H 2.5 2-3 3 F 

Sambucus nigra 'Gerda' Black Beauty Elder M M/H 4 2-3 3 F 

Sambucus nigra 'Guincho Purple' Guincho Purple Elder M M/H 2.5 2-3 3 F 

Sambucus racemosa Red-berried Elder M M/H 4 3 3 N 

Shepherdia argentea Silver Buffaloberry H L 3 2 4 N 

Shepherdia canadensis Russet Buffaloberry M/H M 2 2 2 N 

Sorbaria sorbifolia False Spirea M/H L 2 2 2 F 

Sorbus decora 

Showy Mountain Ash 

(shrub) L M/L 4 3 5 F 

Spiraea x arguta Garland Spirea Spirea M/H M/L 1 2-3 1 F 

Spiraea x bumalda Anthony Waterer Spirea M/H M/H 1 3 0.8 F 

Spiraea x bumalda 'Froebelii' Froebelii Spirea M/H M/H 1 2-3 1 F 

Spirea x bumalda 'Goldflame' Goldflame Spirea M/H M/H 1 3 0.8 F 

Spirea japonica 'Little Princess' Little Princess Spirea M/H M/H 1 2-3 0.8 F 

Spirea japonica' Walbuna' Magic Carpet Spirea M/H M/H 0.5 2-3 0.3 F 

Spirea japonica 'Goldmound' Goldmound Spirea M/H M/H 1 2-3 0.8 F 

Spirea japonica 'Shirobana' Shirobana Spirea M/H M/H 1 2-3 0.8 F 

Spiraea nipponica 'Snowmound' Snowmound Spirea M/H M/H 1 2 1 F 

Spiraea trilobata Three-lobed Spirea M/H M/H 1 2 1 F 


Page 40 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Spirea x vanhouttei Bridal Wreath Spirea H M/H 2 2-3 2 F 

Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry M L 1 2 1.2 N 

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Buckbrush M L 1 1 1.2 N 

Syringa x hyacinthiflora Hyacinth-Flowered Lilac H M 2.5 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa x hyacinthiflora 

'Pocahontas' Pocahontas Lilac H M 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa meyeri 'Palibin' Dwarf Korean Lilac H M/L 1.5 3 1 FI 

Syringa patula Miss Kim Lilac H M/L 1 2 1.5 FI 

Syringa x prestoniae 'Donald 

Wyman' Donald Wyman Pres. Lilac H M/L 2 2 3 FI 

Syringa x prestoniae James McFarlane Lilac H M/L 2 2 3 FI 

Syringa x prestoniae 'Miss 

Canada' Miss Canada Lilac H L 2 2 2 FI 

Syringa x prestoniae 'Minuet' Minuet Preston Lilac H L 2 2 2 FI 

Syringa villosa Late Lilac H M/L 2.5 2 3 FI 

Syringa vulgaris Common Lilac H M/L 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Krasavitsa 

Moskovy' Beauty of Moscow Lilac H M/L 3 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Belle de Nancy' 

Belle de Nancy French 

Lilac H M/L 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Charles Joly' Charles Joly Lilac H M/L 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Congo' Congo Lilac H M/L 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Ludwig Spaeth' Ludwig Spaeth Lilac H M/L 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Mme Lemoine' Mme Lemoine Lilac H M/L 2 2 2.5 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'President 

Grevy' President Grevy Lilac H M/L 2 2 3 FI 

Syringa vulgaris 'Sensation' Sensation Lilac H M/L 2 2 3 FI 

Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood M/H M/H 2.5 3 3 F 

Viburnum lantana Wayfaring Tree M L 3 3 3 F 

Viburnum lentago Nannyberry M L 2.5 3 4 F 

Viburnum opulus European Cranberry M/L M/H 3 3 3 N 

Viburnum opulus 'roseum' Snowball Viburnum M/L M/H 3 3 4 F 

Viburnum opulus 'Nanum' Dwarf European Cranberry M/L M/H 0.6 3 0.6 F 

Viburnum trilobum Highbush Cranberry M/H M/H 2.5 2 3 N 

Viburnum trilobum 'Compactum' Compact Cranberry M/H M/H 1.5 2 1.5 F 

Viburnum trilobum 'Wentworth Highbush Cranberry M/H M/H 2.5 3 2.5 F 

Vines 

Clematis sp. Clematis M M/H 1 2-3 3 FI 

Humulus lupulus Common Hops H M/H 1 2 10 FI 

Humulus lupulus 'Aurea' Golden Hops H M/H 1 2 10 FI 

Lonicera x brownii 'Dropmore Dropmore Scarlet M M/H 1 3 6 F 


Page 41 


Tolerance 

H - High 

M - Medium 

L - Low 

Moisture 

Need 

H - High 

M-Medium 

L - Low 

Spread (m) 

Zone 

Height (m) 

Class 

Scarlet' 

Honeysuckle 

Lonicera x brownii 'Mandarin Mandarin Honeysuckle M M/H 1 3 6 F 

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper H M/L 1 2 10 F 

P. quinquefolia engelmanii Clinging Virginia Creeper H M/L 1 2 10 FI 

Vitis riparia 'Beta' Grape M M/H 1 3 6 F 

Vitis riparia 'Valiant Royalty' Grape M M/H 1 3 6 F 

F: Foreign Species. This plant has been introduced from another region or is an altered nursery variety. 

N: Native Species. This plant is native to the region. 

I: Invasive Species. This plant is potentially invasive and should not be planted near natural areas. 

D: Disease Affected Species. As of 2010 these plants are being seriously affected by disease and should 

not be planted until disease is controllable. 


A3 TYPICAL PLANTING DETAILS 

Page 42 

The following are generic details of how trees and shrubs can be planted. The details would be 

typical of most situations using plants in screens but individual circumstances may vary. 

Typical Tree Planting Detail 


Page 43 

Tree planting with Berm Detail 


Page 44 

Typical Shrub Bed Planting Detail 


Page 45 

A4 SAMPLE SCREENING PLANS 

SAMPLE SCREENING PLAN - FULL 


A4 SAMPLE SCREENING PLANS (cont.) 

Page 46 

SAMPLE SCREENING PLAN - PARTIAL 


Page 47 

A4 SAMPLE SCREENING PLANS (cont.) 

SAMPLE SCREENING PLAN - BUFFER 


A5 WARNING: UTILITY AND PIPELINE LOCATION 

Page 48 

As with any activity that requires excavation, it is of paramount importance that you call Alberta 

1Call at least 2 business days prior to commencing work on any screening installation. It's easy 

and there is no charge. 

You will need to have the following information ready: 

your dig area information (address or legal land description, whether you will be digging 

on public or private property, which portion of the site you will be digging on etc.) 

the type of work you are doing and 

the date you require locates to be completed by 

CALL BEFORE YOU DIG! 

Alberta 1 Call 1-800-242-3477 - Field location service calls 

Alternatively, visit their website at: http://www.alberta1call.com/

SCREENING STANDARDS - Municipal District of Foothills

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