Rhacophorus (flying frog)-An evolutionary miracle
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Rhacophorus or flying frog or gliding frog is a natural marvel, which can be considered as our understanding behind various adventurous activities like gliding and sailing, understanding the physics of this animal can give clue to as to how we are able to sail and glide through air and enjoy beautiful views.
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Rhacophorus (flying frog)-An evolutionary miracle
- 1. RHACOPHORUS (FLYING FROG) -AN EVOLUTIONARY MIRACLE By Pranjal Gupta Bsc(H)Zoology Ramjas College
- 2. CLASSIFICATION Phylum: Chordata (Presence of notochord,nerve cord and pharyngeal gill slits) Subphylum:Vertebrata (vertebral column, distinct cranium, paired appendages, brain and spinal cord) Superclass:Gnathostomata (Having true jaws and paired appendages) Class:Amphibia (Lives on both on land and in water, skin soft, slimy & naked, pentadactyl limbs without claws, respiration by integument, gills or lungs, 3 chambered heart, external ear absent, poikilotherm, skull dicondylic, external fertilization) Subclass: Lissamphibia (Modern amphibians without exoskeleton) Order: Anura (Pentadactylous unequal limbs,tail absent)
- 3. SO, HOW DOES A FLYING FROG LOOK LIKE ?
- 4. HABIT AND HABITAT It is an arboreal amphibian. It is quiet active during twilight. It has power of rapid color change-protective coloration. It is found prominently in Africa, South Eastern Asia, Japan and Madagascar. India’s famous flying frog species is Malabar’s gliding frog (Rhacophorus malabaricus) It is well known for building foam nest.
- 5. EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY Webbed feet (Pentadactyl) Hind leg Trunk Cloaca Fore limb Adhesive disc Intercalary cartilage Nostril Tympanum
- 6. RHACOPHORUS:DISTINCT FEATURES Body is slender. Belly narrows posteriorly. Head broad and conical, eyes with eyelids. Tympanum behind head. Sexual dimorphism Hind limbs contain intercalary cartilages It leaps upto 6-10m in mid air from trees to escape predators. It builds foam nest. These are carnivorous
- 7. GENERAL ANATOMY OF A FROG
- 9. SKELETON OF FROG-AN AID TO ITS ADAPTATION
- 11. AERODYNAMICS & MANEUVERABILITY Source: MICHAEL G. MCCAY University of California – Berkeley, Department of Integrative Biology
- 13. REPRODUCTION Small male climbs on the female’s back, grasps it by its front legs & externally fertilize it(Amplexus). After this, female forms a foam nest above shallow water and lay eggs which is protected by male. Some species are phytotelm breeders.
- 14. DEVELOPMENT R.vampyrus tadpole has fangs
- 15. An unusual friendship between Wallace’s Tree frog and African land Snail. Pictures captured by Hendy MP in Sambas, Indonesia. SOMETHING INTERESTING…
- 18. THREATS &CONSERVATION Deforestation and further degradation of rainforest habitat constitute the most significant threats. Agro- industry farming also contributes to it. It occurs in a number of protected areas. Safeguarding the integrity of protected areas is a primary objective which includes land & water management. Data according the IUCN Red list.
- 19. COMPARATIVE EVOLUTION OF FLYING FROGS • It Parachutes through air. • It belongs to family hylidae Golden Tree frog (Polypedates leucomystax) • It Paraglides through air. • It belongs to family hylidae Javan Tree frog (Litoria javana) • It is an example of aeronautical perfection in anurans. • It belongs to family Rhacophoridae. Wallace’s flying frog (Rhacophorus nigropalmatus)
- 20. THANK YOU