A
revision
Inocybe
of
in
the
genus
Europe.
I. Subgenus Inosperma and the
smooth-spored species of
subgenus Inocybe
Th.W. Kuyper
Rijksherbarium, Leiden
Date of
publication:
12 December
1986
BUT WHY THY ODOR MATCHETH NOT
THE SOIL IS
THIS,
THY SHOW
THAT THOU DOST COMMON GROW
Shakespeare,
The editors of the
the
journal
'Rijksherbarium
Supplement
Volume
Persoonia
Foundation
of
gratefully acknowledge
E.
Dr.
Persoonia,
Kits
thus
van
making
Waveren'
the
Sonnet 69
a
publication
Rijksherbarium financially possible.
©
1986
Rijksherbarium
Leiden
ISBN 90-71236-02-1
ISSN 0031-5850
substantial contribution
in the
cost
of
of
printing
this
work
by
of this
by
the
Contents
Introduction
Acknowledgements
A. General
part
Chapter
I.
Chapter
II.
1
Material and methods
I. Habitat.
Notes
—
6. Smell. —
2. Pileus.
7. Velum.
14.
Chemistry.
III.
Ecology.
Chapter
Ecology
—
Inocybe.
—
3.
3.
8.
—
2
Lamellae.
Ontogeny.
12.
4.
—
—
Cystidia.
9.
—
Stipe.
Spores.
13.
—
5. Context.
—
10. Basidia.
Pileipellis.
and distribution
Distribution.
IV. Evolution of
1. Affinities of
and
2.
—
—
Clamp-connections.
1.
1
characters
II.
Chapter
B.
on
Inocybe
—
3.
13
Phenology.
15
Inocybe
with other
Infrageneric
genera.
—
2. Cladistic
taxonomy of Inocybe.
—
4.
analysis
of
Species concept
speciation in Inocybe.
References
26
Special part
29
29
Inocybe
Key
to
the
30
subgenera
Synopsis
30
Synoptical key
32
34
Subgenus Inosperma
Section Cervicolores
34
Section Rimosae
43
69
Subgenus Inocybe
'Supersection'Cortinatae (species
'Supersection'
Marginatae (species 70-93)
Excluded species and nomina dubia
Index
17-69)
75
180
221
240
Introduction
Fries
(1821:
his
rough
this
by
Inocybe
added that
original
The
(1860).
is
discussed
the
Although
fact
Inocybis
observation,
an
Fries’s
of the
graph
outdated.
is
easily
but
genus
Kühner
(in
his
work
Stuntz
1981,
(1947,
1954),
in North
1983, 1984)
certainly
of the
use
of observations
the
typification
macroscopical characters,
changed
&
and
and
the
on
(1904) published
America;
&
Stuntz
and Horak
been
in
1953)
Enderle
Stangl &
Grund
has
genus
Romagnesi,
the
to
present
difficult. The number of
more
Massee
by
scarcely
in
(1983)
(1968,
(1978,
it
carried
is
1975,
Heim
by
out
Germany;
1970,
mono-
moreover
Alessio
France;
species
world
a
and
unfortunately lacks precision
work
Kühner
Italy; Enderle & Stangl (1981)
(1924),
appraisal
regarding
raised
seemingly
Almost
the
was
based
was
were
considered
statement
recognisable
1821 onwards.
Important regional
and
(1931)
from
when it
species
uncritical
the generic concept has
day, the delimitation of species is considerably
increased continually
Fries
Originally
communes’).
Fries
as
which
Inocybe,
29.
p.
that
346).
macroscopical characters;
on
the result of
Inocybe
genus
from the
1863:
the spores of all Inocybe
relevance of
on
Derminus tribus
(Fries,
videntur omnibus
on
unnecessary, but
Berkeley
judging
based
not
rank
Inocybe solely
scabrae
(’sporae
was
of
series
Agaricus
generic
to
Fries
status
microscope
of
him
by
circumscription
generic
to
established
11)
later elevated
(1980)
1977,
1979, 1980, 1981)
in
Kauffman
1980,
in Australia
and Asia.
A treatment of the
Inocybe
by Boedijn (1925), but
the
to
of
knowledge
species occurring
this work has
the
now
Netherlands's
in
species
have
the results of his studies have for the greater part
Compilatory keys
(1910),
Alessio
(1983).
a
A
rather
that
the
a
critical
to
wester
from
(1980),
all
European species
Enderle &
of
disadvantage
large overestimation
large
I had
real
to
revision
number of
confine
Europe.
this
myself
At
of
to
of
compilatory
European
study
of the
Netherlands has been
Inocybe
been
been
keys,
species
was
studv.
On
species.
other
hand
I
to
It
desirable.
smooth-spored
tried
(1983),
that
and
they
include
However,
p.
22)
was
revision
Moser
in
therefore felt
was
species occurring
a
but
result
of time available for this
later
the
Huijsman
provided by Bataille
is
however,
amount
by
published.
& Enderle
_
stage subgenus Mallocybe (see
a
made
given
contributions
Important
have been
number of
and the limited
a
not
Stangl (1981), Stangl
of the actual
the
species
the
become obsolete.
in
due
to
study,
north-
also excluded
of
all
Inocybe-
types described from Europe, and I also studied several
from North America,
types
as
the
been
Inocybe
flora of both continents
suspected (cf. Lange,
1934).
appeared
to
be
more
alike than had hitherto
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I
feel
much
Inocybe;
constant
BP,
indebted
Mr
to
H.
S.
cooperation;
BRA,
BRNO,
to
C.
C.
Bas
for his
the directors and
to
C,
Dr
CUP,
E, FH,
G,
obtained
were
on
Mr C.
loan;
this
of
Dr
R.
Kiihner
manuscript;
the
of
to
introductory
type
Dr
to
Ruth
the
D.
A.
chapters;
fessionals, who supplied
exsiccates;
and
van
me
to
(Z.W.O.)
for financial
Reid
to
all
Crevel and
E.C.
(Kew)
those
with many
Netherlands
printing;
Drs
LE,
M,
Jan
(Paris),
for
linguistic
mycologists,
van
Os
for
for
the
for
to
MARS,
on
their
Mr R. Courtecuisse
and Mr H.
Prof.
as
the
of the
well
as
of
text
pro-
well-annotated
illustrations for
Advancement of
my stay in France in 1983.
Kalkman,
criticism
improvement
amateurs
Romagnesi
Dr C.
constructive
preparing
MICH,
collections
important
interesting fresh collections and
Organization
support during
for
work
following herbaria BERN,
KR,
herbaria;
Vellinga
my
Stangl (Augsburg)
of the
K,
Mr P. Reumaux
from their
specimens
(Lyon),
curators
H, IB,
J.
(Saint Valery-sur-Somme),
Mr M. Bon
Furrer-Ziogas (Basel),
(Paris) for the loan
Prof.
to
Mr
and WTU from which
MPU, NYS, O, PC, PRC, PRM, S, WBS,
(Aubers),
encouragement during
and
Huijsman (Beilen)
Pure
Research
A. GENERAL
PART
CHAPTER I
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Most
of the species
in dried condition.
as
on
dealt
with
herein have
Macroscopical
personal observations, supplemented
ogists.
It has
been
been
characters
explicitly indicated
are
studied
by descriptions
when
by
in
me
therefore for the
fresh
most
as
well
part based
by other mycol-
provided
have been taken from the
descriptions
literature.
The
colours of fresh
Baltimore,
or
with
necessary.
old
very
the
as
spores
Microscopical
The
of the
to
both
tend
the
have
nearest
drawings
figures
to
1
spores
use
been
made in
a
10% NH OH-solution.
4
of the latter solution is
thereby
leading
measured
under
to
a
5% KOH-solution
comparable colour of
a
the
nearest
made with the aid of
x
cystidial
by
apex have been
the
and
mode
the
Charts,
to
0.5
the
to
sometimes
cystidial
be
/am,
wall
discouraged
unrepresentative
oil
an
was
immersion
values.
objective.
those of cystidia
and
/am.
the
age
10),
strongly,
have
been
always
yield
Munsell Soil Colour
Methuen Handbook of Colour.
pretreatment in
been rounded
have been
are:
p.
swell
characters
a
with
compared
are
Wanscher,
solutions
cystidia (see
Values of spores
basidia
specimens
Although
in thick-walled
&
examinations have
Microscopical
Only
specimens
with Kornerup
of
1500, cystidia
drawn,
but their
preservation
therefore well be atypical and lead
to
of
are
a
camera
lucida. The
1000. The calcium
frequency
the
magnifications
oxalate-crystals
at
and dimensions are influenced
material.
Drawings
of these
could
false conclusions.
The abbreviations of the herbaria follow
indicated, collections mentioned
x
Holmgren
deposited
1
at
L.
& al.
(1981).
Unless otherwise
CHAPTER II
NOTES ON
1.
Habit
The
the
habit of
and
not
cases
in
is
of
I.
in
1981),
diameter of
which
pileus.
This
and
of I.
phaeocomis
1
is
"
is
specific
useful, defined
to
express
discrimination.
as
2
of
often
splendens.
value for
d. D
length
index
collybioid,
or
rather difficult
however,
only limited
l
IS
(Heinemann,
are,
Index of Slenderness may be
an
tricholomatoid
species
most
Differences in habit
and therefore of
sharply distinct
some
is
basidiocarps
exceptionally mycenoid.
In
CHARACTERS
Only
d
stipe,
useful
is
for
diameter of
and
stipe
D
varieties
two
should
specimens
mature
the
separating
be
used
in
index.
calculating this
2. Pileus
Size and
be
used
of the
shape
as
pileus
specimens generally being
being
used
three
caution.
great
red-brown,
or
species,
or
other
viz.
The
colour is
can
therefore
only rarely
large part age-dependent,
campanulate,
and
usually
mature
p.
some
shade of
important.
more
I.
young
specimens
present, but is often
15). This character
and
hygrophana,
I.
impexa,
and
too
usually
tinges being diagnostically
I.
a
An umbo is
applanate.
to
for
velipellis is well-developed (see
the
with
is
Shape
less conical
more or
plano-convex
convex,
lacking when
be
rather variable
are
taxonomic character.
a
must
The
is
ionochlora,
therefore
yellow,
pileus
brown
of
reported
only
be
to
hygrophanous.
The
surface
only
at
the
or
level.
Surface
the
by
far
more
implies and
squarrose.
hindered
is
pileus
pileus')
specific
squamulose
often
of the
'fibrillose
means
is
texture
However,
ranges
correct
a
which
velipellis
variable
than
taxonomically
from
generic
smooth
assessment
result
can
the
rather
in
radially
to
of the
surface
unusual
an
name
(Inocybe
important, although
fibrillose,
texture
development
is
of
underlying pileipellis.
specimens
Old
ageing,
causing
may
a
amination of the
also
show
secondarily
an
aberrant
squamulose
pellis, however,
will
to
usually
pileus surface due
squarrose
reveal its
aspect.
true
to
disruption
Microscopical
on
ex-
nature.
3. Lamellae
The lamelllae
are
character is hardly
as
relatively
often
soon
white,
turn
broadly
applicable
to
as
primitive usually
but
yellow,
brown
as
the
grey
narrowly adnate, sometimes
an
possess
or
spores
even
(almost)Tree. This
infrageneric character, although species considered
broadly
violaceous
adnate lamellae.
tinges
are
Young
mature, but sometimes this process is
2
lamellae
sometimes present.
are
Lamellae
rather
slow.
K
Much value has
but in
is
my
been attached
opinion
determined
the
incorrectly
five
by
yellowish,
brownish
that this
surprising
not
The
is
edge
4.
at
tinges,
flocculose
the
the lamella edge
is
mixture
and
ways
of
greyish,
is therefore
it
number of unrelated
large
presence of
on
p.
species
and ranges
cystidia
cystidia
possess
coloured. The
accordingly
is further discussed
of refractive
presence
a
in
basidia
hyphae.
fimbriate. Some
then
(v)
being
rather
a
refractive
pigment
necropigmented
different
white because of the
edge
and
tints,
in
with in
met
of
lamellae,
specimens
mature
of intracellular
presence
presence
cystidial wall,
in the
tinges
lamellae in
with
pattern of the
11.
Stipe
The
is
it
is
stipe
equal
central,
whole
bulb
a
marginate
a
that
is
bulb
bulb
marginate
in
either
mainly
1953).
He
analysis,
The
1963).
On the other
character in
even
result
a
has
that
acteristic
in
trying
I
reason
Green (or
for
a
few
Observation
the
the
of
help
of
of
of
the
this
possess
constant
a
amblyspora.
e.g. I.
in
the
apical
Romagnesi,
yellow tinges; subsequent
groups
faint reddish
not
or
character
been
subsequent
on
Kiihner &
(in
whether these
from the
darkening
conspicuous
much
tinges
are
natural.
subjectivity
are
present.
determination
of the
stipe
a
of
the
stipe
and
in
importance
on
damaging
Inocybe.
marginate
bulb.
is
may
hairs
stipe,
collecting
covering
keys.
char-
are
(caulocystidia)
I.
terrigena;
agardhii
of
study
always
and
care
to
sometimes
for
A
forms
true
an
p.
This
22). This
taken
an
subsquarrose
even
distribution
executed.
(see
should be
species.
fibrils.
difficult,
the
be
is also necessary
several
whitish
be
cases
natural groups
squamulose
encountered in
upper part of the
some
should
defining
the
A
in
microscopic
a
caulocystidioid
stipe
pruinose
a
loosely appressed longitudinally arranged
Careful
been found in I.
on
a
hand-lens,
and
disappears
presence
zone
of
of paramount
easily
and
species
bulb is
species,
and with
pink
to
as
stipe consists (partly) of
good
the lower half of the
like
Kiihner
by
with
doubt
omit
to
pruinosity
a
collecting specimens
only
tried
tinges
zone
caulocystidia
character is
of the
disappears
marginate
presence
commonly
species.
a
pruina
groups
much
the
hand,
the
the colour of the stipe, especially
determine whether
to
of the
and underneath
the
cast
have
blue-green)
The surface
of
to
it
smooth-spored
observations
different
separated
however,
is involved
with
of the
some
has
variable. Several
but
stage,
than
It
uncommonly
not
However,
not.
or
relevance
twisted.
sometimes
below;
of this character itself is beset with many difficulties and
use
For
as
marginate
primordial
Much attention has been given
part,
broadened
partly phenotypically
their
and
cylindrical
of less
taxonomically
easily recognisable
less
or
distinctly
to
be
can
development (Reijnders,
and
more
length
since it is probably
assumed,
a
always
the
over
possesses
of
5.
(i)
(iii)
originate
minutely
to
of olivaceous
Olivaceous
can
character is
and
viz.
spores,
3
I
Europe
in
colour of the
factors,
trama.
(almost) always
coloured contents,
cystidia
The
in those that possess
species, especially
from coarsely
Inocybe
r:
the presence
to
ripe
hymenophoral
and
E
p
colour of the
(in subg. Mallocybe), (iv)
in the
Y
so.
different
colour of
lamellale, (ii)
hyphae
u
when
assessment
covering
ring
in
has sofar
arachnoid
ring-
stipe.
Context
The colour of
the
context
of
most
species
is
whitish, pale
buff, yellowish, pale
4
brownish,
is pure
rather
this
the
stipe (see Reijnders,
disappear
1974).
1986
context
of
base
origin
the
of
the
be
can
base
of the
stipe
remainder of the
of the
and
stipe
observed
the
in
the
rest
stipe
tinges, caused by intracellular pigment, easily
of several unrelated species
context
of the
context
with the
Violaceous tinges
but these
species,
age. The
on
different
3,
Vol.
the
species,
many
strongly contrasting
indicates
context of several
6.
In
pale reddish.
or
white,
and
stipe,
of the
reddening.
show strong
can
Smell
The genus Inocybe
as
this
'spermatic';
smell
when
different
of bitter
is well-known for its peculiar smell, nowadays mostly described
smell is
when the
conspicuous
a
a—Suppl.
Persooni
smell,
specimens
but the
bruised,
The
intact
Several other
(Schmitt,
be
that
Some
a
species
the
well
as
was
most
spermatic
a
hymenium) exhibit
distinctive smell reminiscent
smell
Pelargonium-like
a
It is
1931).
have
in bruised
as
drying.
on
basidiocarps.
distinctive sweet smell like that of Peruvian
a
is often
the smell
for
the
often shows
species,
one
useful
in
following
found
to
balsam,
methyl-cinnamate
be
much
smell
(i)
variability,
the
(ii)
use
on
higher
should
importance
perception
smell
individual
by
itself
As different smells may be caused
their
alike,
its
species recognition,
reasons:
considerable
e.g. I. calamistrata.
chemically
are
develops
in both intact
the odoriferous substance
analysis
overrated
mycologists
within
cut.
1978).
Although
not
piperidine (Heim,
basidiocarps (especially
obscurobadia
species exhibit
chemical
on
or
I. hirtella possesses
Smell should therefore be assessed
and
bruised
are
hymenium of
and I.
almonds,
like that of
exactly
change
may
substances
by
taxonomic levels
hardly
seems
possible.
The
7.
of most
taste
similar
the
to
In
Kiihner
noted that
imply
he
described
(1956)
had
that that
Douglas
hyphae
that all species
likely
seems
1963).
not
(1920)
being indistinct
diagnostic,
faint bitterish
a
veil
universal
colourless
is
the
was
of the
and do
velipellis is
velipellis
Douglas's
the
(cf.
velar
one
aftertaste
or
more
be
may
variation in
in
first
to
monovelangiocarpous
are
under the
species
cortina
young
point
out
that
hyphae originate
not
here
possess
then
often
less
or
noticed.
observations
and
colour in
any
but
pers.
pileipellis
he
did
young
proper
incrustrations
in
of the
want
primordia
begin
to
velipellis
this
their wall and
the
grow
determine
to
proper and which
pileipellis
Hyphae
not
comm.).
from
mostly
are
might
form
other cases, however, intermingling hardly takes place
to
on
form thickened
velar
observations
species
as
I.
walls,
In these
far
too
can
fuscidula
much
explain
and
I.
cases
the
hyphae
but without any incrustrations.
provide
development
indicate that
Her
in
already
(Reijnders,
gymnocarpa and
it is often very difficult
from the
velipellis).
I.
(Kiihner,
well-recognisable macroscopically.
tend
1983).
the
reason
name
specimens
gymnocarpous
for that
another;
(called
characters
Reumaux,
new
actually
criterion for distinction. In
and the
a
of Inocybe
a
velum universale and those of the
of the
in older stages which
the
seen
species
intricately through
a
hardly
species
some
Velum
It
to
is
species
smell.
a
balanced
assessment
has
given
weight
why
there
splendens
been
is
(see
often
p.
so
156 and
to
of
it
much
215).
K
u
y
P
E
It is therefore inevitable that in several
have
velipellis
in the rank of
The
be
to
some
sometimes be
can
of I.
and I. serotina. Conditions of
splendens
and
in
then
these
a
distinct
very
the
cases
these
well-developed
a
have been maintained
taxa
is
also
of
any taxonomic
inflexed.
distinctly
more
in
drought
of
Such
a
central
character
pileus
particles
whereas the
umbo,
differences
of
are
variants
some
influence
significant
a
in
as
sometimes make the
can
exerts
adherence of
the
of the
aspect
velipellis
shape, usually preventing the formation
8.
with and without
cases
viscid, resulting
causing
rigid
5
I
variety.
velipellis
of earth and
rather
Europe
taxa
cases
in
merged, although
in
Inocybe
r:
velipellis
pileus
on
pileus margin
devoid
course
significance.
Ontogeny
The
criterion
of the
study
and
of ontogeny of the
relevance
taxonomic
both groups
were
this
to
with
viz.
The
and
the
by
of
discussed
It
too.
as
a
the
forms
of the
to
and
Reijnders (1963)
all
species,
asterospora,
abundant
from the
is
the
stipe.
In the
more
primordial
stipe
of
layer
and
the
and
proper,
exerts
According
that
are
a
to
velum
a
in
a
the
criterion
Inocybe
being part
homologous
the
in
Inocybe
genus
was
species
also
be
probably
are
variation
rather
mode
be
can
whereas
more
of
subg.
applied
to
pileo-stipito-
observed.
species,
other
development
precocious
development is prior
stipe
the
pileus
mode of
plectenchyma
pileus
1974).
velum universale
bulb,
It
stipe,
the
be
velum
species
by
specimens,
development
Some
e.g.
of
I.
the
the
formation of the
to
pileus
especially
hyphae emanating
the
margin of
bulb,
may
the
and there
also
is
be
explicitly
is
formed
called
that
the
stipe develops secondarily
hyphae
which
of
is
universale
remarked
but that the
reinforced
velar
primordial
the
these
should
young
on
As
by
development
of the
margin.
marginale,
cortina in
barring influence
for
recognised
systematic relevance,
can
emanating
covers
the
from
the
stipitepellis
caulocystidia.
Reijnders (1963) the caulocystidia arise under
responsible
not
cortina
denied its
because of reinforcement
bulb does not form part of the
resulting
this
large
a
of the
primordial
(Reijnders,
The presence of
of
stipitocarpous,
within this bulb.
stipe
a
pileocarpous
continuous with the
outer
case
the smooth-spored
to
of
species
developmental
marginal region
bulbangiocarpous
be
this
(in
pileocarpous development.
during development
between
explanation with
could
Inosperma.
with
isocarpous
usual in
in the
contact
by
as
first-mentioned
development;
pileus
almost
are
pileus margin,
In the
dulcamara,
I.
e.g.
cortina
a
any
types
the taxonomy of
to
that
this broad category
almost
a
their
stipe covering.
unlikely, however,
are
of
who, however,
subg. Mallocybe
carpous, but within
provide
not
both
greater part
criterion
(1931),
as
In
main groups, viz. Cortinatae
two
velum marginale, and therefore
ontogenetic
Heim
that
absence
or
presence
that
noted
they
structure
an
by
seems
of
taxonomy
According
no
basidiocarp
but
Inocybe
genus
& Kiihner (1928).
ontogeny. The authors also contended that
Huijsman (1953) who found it applicable
Inocybe
the
by
partiale
and
application
explicitly
Boursier
Unfortunately they did
universale, arising
velum
the
Cortinarius)
natural.
character,
macroscopically,
of the velum
in
differing
the
within
basidiocarps
mentioned by
nodulose-spored species they recognised
Marginatae,
regard
first
was
hymenium.
4n
the influence of factors
some
cases
formation
6
Persooni
of the
in
I.
hymenium
is
hymenium
is formed
in I.
(as
yet available but it might be
not
the
cases
3,
Vol.
the
concurrently with
occurs
asterospora), whereas in other
before the
a—Suppl.
1986
formation of the
caulocystidia
An
petiginosa).
(as
developing
for this difference
explanation
corollary of isocarpous
a
caulocystidia
already
are
pileostipitocarpous
versus
development.
The above
only
possess
insertion
may be
point
throughout.
bulb in the
sions of
genera
As
different
of
is
stimuli
it
paracystidia
that
among
caulocystidia
As
noted
thusfar
is
to
not
is
the lamella edge
the
for
about
reason
l/3rd
from
than
it
is far
delimit
once
in the
is
be
to
seem
at first
be studied with the
such
key
a
possess
the
the
absent
of
other
same
(and
of
pattern
mor-
hence
the
and
cystidia
the
of the
part
with
stipe
a
even
to
stipe
the
the
Observation of the
the
in
It
species.
in the
these
show
can
have
species
has
species
therefore
l/3rd part
upper
or
cortina
some
is
some
absent
completely
insertion of
on
a
account
the base.
but it is
been
not
from
keyed
the
presence of
can
disappears
or
presented
less
not
be
on
zone
necessary
microscopical
Marginatae should
caulocystidia
a
always
are
at
always
descend
easily
investigation.
principle
or
even
assuming
development
of the
The part
of course possess
could
complement
scarce
by
subsequent
to
a
of
can
here.
least in
often
explained
equal.
species
with caulocystidia,
caulohymenial
profound
This
more
smooth-spored
and
caulocystidia
bulb does
has been
the
of the data
of the
more
these
bulb
within
species without
to the group of
becomes
cases
stipe
Inocybe
be
caulohymenium
reason
occurrence
primordial
in these
stipe (unless
that
good hand-lens,
above
the
in
can
p. 69.
throughout,
just
part of the
originally belongs
of the
call
variable in other
main division
that
initially present primordial
However,
stipi-
more
the
by
hymenium
the
Lower
apex.
length of
For
be incorrect
sight
help
caulocystidia
basal
from
by the pattern of caulocystidia.
to
with caulocystidia
examination with
superficial
completely
on
the
Although species belonging
the
stipe
found between
easily demonstrated to
might
expres-
encountered in
controlled
the
caulohymenium
more
species
Alessio's contention that
subg. Inocybe
It
the
Although
constant,
to
the
totally lacking caulocystidia.
out more
are
caulocystidia throughout
also
level of insertion of the cortina
that
been found.
remarkably
those
is
that
is paralleled
and practical
logical
morphological
Cortinarius).
of
find
to
absence
or
the other
on
transformation
presumably
development
marginate
19). Reijnders (1974) regards
p.
development
surprising
not
seems
above,
always possible
be
the
cause
a
further development
covering
but both
see
character
is
caulocystidia
possess
caulohymenium.
a
and
variability
descend
it
reason
stipe
Agaricales (e.g. Conocybe,
caulocystidia
that
hymenial cystidia),
of
cortina and with
a
this
on
this
as
completely
make clear that presence
ontogeny (but
without
that
(and
be
can
possess
species
some
disappears
nature
pileocarpous
more
formation of
phogenetic
For
difference in
brown-spored
the
the
cortina
Marginatae
3 that
p.
the
caulocystidia
apex,
independent characters,
noteworthy
towards
tocarpous
and
marginate bulb,
a
It
derived.
on
the group of Cortinatae
to
of
point
the group of
to
that this bulb
but
hand,
one
underlying
the type with
as
the
two
an
stipe
extreme
The considerations above also
on
probably
belonging
insertion
already been noted
primordial stage,
cortina
a
the
at
the
species belonging
It has
(I. petiginosa).
of
above
caulocystidia
whereas
absent),
indicates that species
description
stipe
that
and
that
caulohymenium.
to
at
least
3/4th
damaged).
cortina in young
specimens
is
often
a
difficult
K U Y
P E
R:
lnocybe
Europe
in
7
I
■I
undertaking,
the
Although
in
the
that
picture
absent in
frequently
are
gathering.
a
as
criterion
must
above
taxonomic
a
Because
be
not
of
its
practical
overestimated and
that
complicated
asserted
(1955)
defined
so
groups
and
clear-cut,
is
use
Kiihner
exceptions
some
and
fairly simple
seems
criterion,
might
always be natural.
not
The
a
possess
descending
to
distinct
very
3/4th,
over
of this
explanation
stipe
and
cylindrical
more
cauloparacystidia
thereby
l/3rd. Apparently
the
part, and
like
evident when
elements
and
slowly
the
at
even
of the
half,
hardly
lower part
there
so,
different
a
are
elements
no
the upper
from
origin
This becomes
possess any
these
that
indicating
the
often somewhat
they abound in
homologous.
not
in
are
importantly
more
notice that young specimens
lower
but
lower half have
consequently
of
theory
even
caulocystidium-
appear only
very
belatedly.
noted above
It has been
for the
responsible
are
we
are
above
caulocystidia
the lower half, although
'caulocystidia'
the
stipe covering will, however, provide
cheilocystidia,
the
irregular, and,
more
those of the apical
more
to
caulocystidia
possess
invalidating
of
inspection
specimens of this
Young
specimens
old
seemingly
similar
be found in
to
sindonia.
I.
but
contradiction. The
seeming
exactly
not
are
cortina,
A closer
ontogenetic development.
of the
species is
important exceptional
most
species
an
sketched
as
easily applicable
smooth-spored species.
this
basidiocarps
young
examination of the covering of the stipe is therefore essential.
Microscopical
therefore
sufficiently
as
(see
6)
p.
that
morphogenetic stimuli
formation of the
and
caulocystidia
the
on
that
the
stipitepellis
hyphae
of the
velum marginale, covering the stipe in the lower part, repress these stimuli. However,
and
expression
I.
to
sindonia is
develop.
of
repression
either
equilibrium,
spatially
these
stimuli
in
hairs and
and
time,
caulohymenial
and in this work the
caulohymenium,
not
seem
form
to
of
temporally. Repression
relaxed
apparently
This secondary
caulocystidioid
or
differentiated elements
secondarily
to
dynamic
stimuli in
seems
is somewhat different from the
zone
caulocystidia
of
caulohymenium
secondary
a
sort
some
morphogenetic
indicate that
they
of
are
true
called
are
different
a
origin.
The
lower
stipe,
but
zone
where
often
can
upon
zone
The secondary
zone.
to
I.
rather
is
often
but it
caulohymenial
zone
sambucina,
Although species
Inosperma), they
nothing
unlikely that
covering in
is
sect.
and I.
differ in
not
known
it is
and
the
velar
hairs
be noticed. The spatial extension
narrow,
more
zone
examination of the
differentiated caulocystidioid
can
and will
1.
hardly
prominent
in
about the
similar
to
Rimosae
are
of I.
sindonia is
identical
also be observed in other
be
geophylla,
conspicuous
where
a
true
hairs
are
a
the
this intermediate
where occasional
encountered in the lower half,
marginate
bulb
occur
extension of the
development
that of subgen.
not
to
species
e.g.
in
pruinosa.
with and without
do
11)
p.
rather
is
zone
can
frequent caulocystidioid
I.
(cf.
microscopical
less
more or
upper
is often absent.
This intermediate
nitidiuscula,
now
zone
examination,
caulohymenial
of
zone
cauloparacystidia
intermediate
cursory
caulohymenial
observed upon closer
be
intermediate
an
without any
of this
between the
dynamic equilibrium
completely
of the
Inocybe.
in
sect.
Rimosae
caulohymenial
basidiocarps,
(subgen.
zone.
but
it
Up
to
seems
However, differences in stipe
without taxonomic
importance.
8
9.
a—Suppl.
Persooni
Vol.
3,
1986
Spores
It
well
is
known
species
sometimes been
spore
spored
of
species
Inocybe.
this
However,
even.
According
perispore
is
clearly
Pegler
in
microscope
electron
and the
episporial origin
But
&
both
Kiihner
to
with smooth and
species
The spores of the
occur.
spores
both
Inocybe
genus
'rough'.
as
essentially
under the
the
within
angular
or
described
outline is
rugulosities
with
that
with nodulose
smooth-spored
these
(1980)
term,
marked
of Cortinarius and Hebeloma where spore ornamentation is of
species
small
nodulose-
and
rugulosities
in
the
as
(1972) reported
Young
always completely smooth,
is
latter group have
incorrect
an
of
are
contrast
perisporial
origin.
Although
it is
on
of
purely
p.
21).
the
Heim
as
line between the
species
of I.
probably applies
I.
lacera and
Inocybe
revision
Also
spores
ambigua
within the
also
forms
Roughly
is
species
smooth-
as
on
p.
the
speaking
regarded
nodulose-spored
in
artificial
groups
also
(see
angular-spored
or
such
been
smooth-spored
I.
as
is
regarded
group is
with
&
Kuyper,
the
spores and
same
somewhat applanate
apex
as
as
possibility
its
dunensis. Both
species,
here.
remaining characters
is excluded from
it
The
1985).
I.
smooth-spored
accepted
Petiginosae,
sect.
as
encountered. The
decipiens and
intermediate case, but
an
minimally angular,
as
are
spores
where the
vulpinella,
1979; Stangl
angular-nodulose
within
of I.
relationship
a
(cf. Romagnesi,
of
better
probably
are
pronouncedly angular
vulpinella have generally
I.
fully explored
species
the
subgenus Inocybe
of
revision,
clear demarcation
no
hand and
one
species
particular
affinity with species
an
point towards
clearly
the
there is
nodulose-spored
purely
some
more
the
to
indicate
to
and their placement
origin
of
lacera
in several collections
seems
and
on
of the
excluded from this
are
arbitrary.
even
spores
species
Classification
smooth-spored
sometimes
nodulose-spored species
(1931) already remarked, that
smooth-spored
other.
Classification
The
and
angular-
the
fairly certain,
question
of
of character reversal
this
multiple
a
are
more
19.
smooth-spored
main
two
variation in
species
types
can
be
spore
and
recognised,
form is
the
encountered.
groups
delimitated
with the help of this character also differ in cystidial characters.
Species of subg. Inosperma
regular)
with
spores
an
the
on
obtuse
hand
one
and
apex
are
(sub)phaseoliform (rarely
possess
devoid of
always
thick-walled
pleu-
rocystidia.
Species of subg. Inocybe
almost
always
with
of the spore is
in other
(except
species
I.
however, forming
these spores
have originated
Spore
size
the
an
a true
are
apex
a
than
(sub)amygdaliform
geophylla and
I.
occasionally
can
possess
spores,
whitei the apex
be
thick-walled
encountered
pleurocystidia
pleurocystidia).
thinning
germ-pore. Several
to
be
and I.
of the
but several
luteipes,
spore-wall
near
the
species have spores with
limoniform,
but this
an
species
without,
apex,
apisal papilla,
character
seems
to
once.
more
variable than
this character is
given by Heim (1931)
included all extreme
(and
in I.
subporospora
therefore said
somewhat
as
hand possess
Only
almost obtuse
found in I.
species discrimination by
Measurements
apex.
with thin-walled
only
more
is
other
species of subg. Inocybe
sometimes show
subg. Inocybe
and
and
well. All
leptocystis
on
(sub)conical
obtuse,
as
A germ-pore is
in
a
even
abnormal)
quite
are
indicated in
often
most
publications
and
impossible.
unrepresentative,
in his
spores
as
he
measurements.
seems
It is
to
have
therefore
K
u
Y
P
E
Inocybe
r:
Europe
in
9
I
I
difficult
give
to
Heim
by
width is
conditions
frequently
is
The
is
it
many of these
I.
and
I.
reasonable
seems
walled
perispore
infrequently,
variants
as
pigmentless
the
I.
than in
I.
lacera,
These
that
suppose
is
is
known
opinion
taxa,
I.
barred.
useful
no
it will
as
only
be
geographic
recognised
definite
a
1
to
a
and
area,
Inocybe rufolutea
been unable
to
has
also
albinistic
determine the
species
but
spores
which
to
it
of
that I.
this
a
I.
taxa
has
these
without
constantly
characters.
and
geophylla,
to
not
colourless
cystidiosa (A.H.
it
as
species
As
regard
variant under
a
I
have
p.
233).
coloured basidiocarp.
should be
and
thick-
by recognising
species
difference with
have reduced
these
other distinctive
geophylla (p. 86).
of the
mutation arises
multiplication
Singer (1962) felt
character
irrelevant,
this
following
lanuginosa,
I.
inamyloid,
value of
is served
purpose
autonomous
an
geographic
find any other
criterion
as
of the
sindonia,
I.
development
survival
lead
variants.
variants
Apparently
the
There
discharged.
thin-walled and
are
more
reasonable
seems
(semi-)albinistic basidiocarp,
mutation
some
about
a
pelargonium,
spores
by
been
not
heterosporic
albinistic
such
flocculosa,
asterospora.
to
In my
spores,
to
have
under
far
are
spores
and it
prints,
these
status to
recorded
have
nothing
must
unable
abnormal
spore
abnormal spores
in taxonomic understanding.
Smith) Sing,
was
I
autonomous
any increase
These
the
this
regard
easily arise
might
spores
spores
whereas
of calibrated spores, and
Abnormal
drought).
(or coriotunica)
but
thin-walled spores.
I
I.
geophylla,
paludinella,
extremely variable,
of albinistic spores, often linked with
interesting.
more
artificial.
accord any taxonomic
occurrence
far
species:
I.
to
as
is
length
instances
seen
called 'calibration' of
phenomenon
spore
fragments of lamellae
in
that
never
the
on
the
(especially
stress
met
reason
have
therefore
of
suppose
no
I
view
that
implying
constant.
phenomenon
to
balanced
a
(1931),
attached (see
10. Basidia
Most
are
some
are
Inocybe
species
further study,
but it
found in
species
mostly
Most
fewer
taxa
possess
2-spored
basidia
reported
another
be excluded from
with
The basidia of
originating
11.
stipe
or
Inocybe
with
the lack of
Inocybe
as
in
of I.
basidia
natural
needs
Such basidia
taxa.
fuscidula and I. hirtella.
basidia,
basidia with
and deformed spores.
but
this
which
species,
almost
clamp-connections,
Exclusively
Horak (1960)
is
certainly
also
must
circumscribed here.
unique
in such
the
species
pruinose throughout.
irregular
and
some
exclusively 4-spored basidia;
species in subg. Mallocybe
seems
in
relevance of this character
circumscribing
2-spored
cystidia
The
that is
almost
found in varieties
but
basidia,
apex.
somewhat
Basidia with thickened walls
in several
species;
a
exclusively
are
and this character
the
might help
sterigmata often produce
characterised by
clavate
possess
swollen towards
conspicuously
to
(crassobasidia)
cases
from such basidia
are
are
filled
with
a
brown
necropigment
this subgenus.
occur
occasionally
the sterigmata possess
but
inconstantly
thickened walls
too.
Spores
often deformed.
Clamp-connections
So
far all Inocybe
species
are
Only Horak (1960) reported
description
suggests
that
this
an
reported
Inocybe
species
cnenocystidia, and 2-spored basidia
are
to
have
without
must
be
clamp-connections
clamp-connections.
excluded
also aberrant.
from
at
all
septa.
However,
Inocybe,
as
it
his
lacks
10
PERSOONI
12.
encountered in all
are
of different
different
hairs
marginal
between both
distinction
as
is
types
of
species
and/or of
origin
and
cystidia
true
1986
The
which
to
be
The
systematic
any
the
heading
lamellae.
cystidia
is
in
pleurocystidia)
be
Agaricales
that
assume
the
be
the
as
present
as
somewhat
pileipellis
pileocystidioid
or
secondary
a
seems
morphogenetic stimuli,
of the
hyphae
pileocystidia
of
and/or
hairs.
caulohymenium
has
caulocystidia
encountered
and
of
the
as
of the
the
(sub)hymenial
sides
the
at
origin,
hyphae
Inosperma
are
(1944),
can
This
(see
p.
irregular and inconstant and apparently without
be of different
subg.
Romagnesi
Cystidia
been
under
discussed
p. 5.
terminal elements of the
as
by
can
between
distinguish
not
pileocystidia.
to
incite
as
occurrence
on
can
They might
cheilocystidia
and
The
value.
and
formation of
the
to
do
velangiocarpous
nature,
pileocystidia
of ontogeny
Hymenial
arise
of
in
differentiation
analogous
occurrence
in
1
always possible.
reasonable
seems
mechanical
secondary
seems
process
It
first sight.
at
may
velipellis
pileocystidia
of
occurrence
surprising
but these sterile elements
Inocybe,
structure.
proposed
was
not
cheilocystidia, pleurocystidia, caulocystidia
7).
3,
Vol.
Cystidia
Cystidia
be
a—Suppl.
and/or
in
in
origin,
Inocybe
subg.
seeming
edge
of the
subg. Mallocybe
trama, whereas the
hymenophoral
cystidia
the
at
cheilocystidia
(both
have
to
the
cheilo-
nature
of
modified basidia.
Pleurocystidia
in I.
term
The
is
of the
Wall thickness
cystidia
they
have
always,
are
been called
generally
except
apically incrusted
double wall and
serve
an
cystidia
excretory
lime-content of the
wall
cystidial
from less
ranges
generally increases with
The function of these
they
subg. Inocybe;
a
with
metuloids,
but
used here.
not
thickness
5.0 /am.
that
encountered in
only
thick-walled, possessing
of calcium oxalate. Such
crystals
this
are
leptocystis,
soil
and
remains
is
unknown, although it
function. There is
a
thickness
the
the
than 0.5
to
pm
more
than
age.
of
rather
good
generally accepted
correlation between
wall and
cystidial
frequency
of
apical crystals.
but
the
Calcium oxalate
demonstration
is
known
the
It
oxalate
likely
and that the
affect
their
weddellite
the
two
be
insoluble,
According
principal
forms,
cystidia
are
formed
a
When
metastable and
both
the
consist
mainly
crystals
of weddellite and
observed in
(or
even
a
material and
solution of
greenish
yellow).
but these
crystals
together
It
seems
that the
the
two
hydrates.
(cf. Holdenrieder,
in
the
stable;
(1980)
dihydrate,
Frey-Wyssling (1981)
to
crystals of
(temperature, pH,
is
somewhat
Horner
and
monohydrate
pers.
undertaking.
are
Franceschi &
to
viz.
(Stalpers,
difficult
a
According
are
whewellite
a
ion
watery
former
1982)
concentration)
solution the
disappears
by
likely that the crystals of
crystals
of the
moBohydrate
dihydrate.
Within rather broad limits wall thickness is
both age of the
be
simultaneously
additional whewellite appears.
much smaller than those of the
these crystals
to
mixture of
and chemical parameters
proportion.
is
crystals of oxalate is
that both types
physical
dissolution and
are
in
to
conditions.
whewellite and weddellite respectively.
as
precipitation of
seems
the
occurs
demonstrated in
of oxalate proves
held
generally
soluble under weak alkaline
calcium
easily
is
The presence of calcium
comm.),
species specific,
ecological conditions
10% NH 4 OH
Although
the wall
thickness
exert
can
but,
be colourless
of the
as
noted
their influence
wall
is
to
too.
above,
When
bright yellow
generally
correlated
K u
its
with
is
less
usually
of I.
impexa
The
than
be
can
species
are
1.0
of
somewhat
the
on
other
rather
a
hand
the
The
bright
wall
obscurobadia
of I.
whereas
yellow,
the
wall
but remains colourless.
usually
are
show
rather
a
variable
too
be
to
of
between
large overlap
much
related
feature. Thusfar this character has
constant
the
uses
cheilocystidia and thin-walled,
true
of both
proportion
in
whereas
paracystidia,
is
types
rather
been
advanced
more
cells
observed,
some
value for
primitive
species
(1985)
be
can
and has
be
to
pyriform
to
Waveren
and clavate
of elements
constant
considered
generally
clavate
van
cheilocystidia
pleurocystidioid
terms
Kits
paracystidia.
called here
are
taxonomy. Species
dominantly
possess
pre-
cheilocystidia
true
are
majority.
Fully
developed
from
mitation
Paracystidia
I.
cheilocystidia
almost
are
walls
have
species
colourless,
but
are
to
As
pleurocystidia.
separate
no
their
deliof
measurements
It
be found in
is
somewhat
probably
become
may
few
a
thickened
coincidental
that
and these
of
and
species
brown
these
three
walls.
subg. Inosperma
and
in
colourless, although
vulpinella)
yellow
pyriform,
or
they
I.
,
thin-walled. Their form ranges
always
are
clavate
broadly
with
pleurocystidia
They
the
to
arbitrary,
thin-walledand
encountered.
be
can
always
muricellata,
I.
Only cheilocystidia
origin.
similar
are
somewhat
given.
are
phaeocomis,
incrusted
is
paracystidia
their dimensions
to
rather
is
11
I
Numerous transitions between both types
infrageneric
(e.g.
but
they
as
Europe
in
neglected.
respectively.
in the
Inocybe
pleurocystidia
delimitation,
these latter elements
although
r:
notable differences.
thick,
The lamella edge consists of
elements;
e
thick,
pm
the
but their form is
species,
p
some
jum
4.0
to
dimensions
in
use
there
colour,
y
rather
is
filled
with
from
species
brown
are
specific.
They
red-brown
or
subhymenial
cylindrical
slenderly
are
usually
pigment.
This
latter character
is, however, without taxonomic importance.
13.
Pileipellis
The
is
pileipellis
in
bundles of ascending
is
rare,
become
it
although
forming
rather
most
be
can
rigid in
recurved
cases
hyphae
in
pileipellis
squamules
or
even
Inocybe,
therefore
almost
especially
difficult. The rather
with that in
species
of the
respects show resemblance
14.
more
break
pellis
up
on
can
age,
Microscopical
examination will
increasing rigidity
known
the
about
one, and
of the
structure
hyphal walls,
the
as
in I.
squamata.
ontogeny of
evaluation of
pileipellis
the
this
Inocybe (see
p.
pileipellis
character
is in marked
and Flammulaster
genera Phaeomarasmius
to
development
the
However,
consequently
scattered
some
hardly differentiated. The
complex
simple
cutis;
trichodermous
true
squarrosa.
may
by thickening of
is
a
scales.
small
not or
nothing
the
I.
it
species and
may be caused
Unfortunately,
but
noticed,
encountered in
some
then reveal that the
pellis itself is
of the
undifferentiated
rather
a
be
can
is
contrast
that in other
16).
Chemistry
Most species
have been
of
carried
nificance (Malone
chromatography
Inocybe
out
&
to
al.,
are
said
to
contain
determine their
1962; Stijve,
sometimes
muscarine,
quantities
1982).
and
and
Bioassays
yielded strikingly different
several
possible
with the
results and
investigations
taxonomic
help
of
rats
sigand
these differences
12
Persooni
a
best
probably
are
was
muscarine and
Stijve & al.
(e.g.
and
Rimosae contain
edible
that
species
I.
muscarin, except
best
be
and/or
explained
by
and distribution
investigations
Recent
Inocybe.
all
of
with earlier
to
of
sect.
be the
sole
investigations
determination and/or
Continued research
in
artificial
an
investigations suggest
recent
not
lack
complete
species
generally considered
The contradiction
these
by
distribution of muscarine is
the
errors
felt
generally
was
position
characterised by
are
adaequata,
even
It
1970).
Corydalinae). Probably
loss of muscarine.
multiple
a
sect.
Europe.
infrageneric taxonomy. However,
origin
Eugster,
genus
sections
some
of the genus in
probably
can
&
that the
however,
Cervicolores,
sect.
the
within
indicated,
completely erratic,
of muscarine
isomers
its
(1985)
1986
correlation between taxonomic
meaningful
no
3,
Vol.
of stereo-isomers of muscarine with
occurrence
(Catalfomo
slight biological activity
very
that there
of
the
explained by
a—Suppl.
a
multiple
this field
seems
desirable.
Robbers
&
metabolites
amino acids
useful
potentially
Following
that
a
search for the
psilocybin
character
all
was
of
Drewitz
caused
(1983)
by psilocybin,
of
species.
also
be
potential
My
Heim (1931)
results
noted that
phenoloxidases
enzymes)
were
this
rather
bresadolae show
a
on
The authors
of
a case
Stijve
& al.
there
species,
were
was
scarcely
any
ergothioneine
provided
even
a
I.
poisoning by
(1985)
aeruginascens
undertook
a
systematic
no
more
positive
reaction is
at
(exo-enzymes).
uninformative.
reddening
in
context
noted
this
that
assume
least
From
Several
a
I
rather
these
repeated
unspecific,
theoretical
a
species,
Inocybe
point
e.g.
I.
tests.
being
of
a
It
use
of
a
chemical
on
tyrosinases (endoview,
this reaction
appendiculata
test
should
reaction
when treated with NH 3 . However, these
and the
is
blue discoloration in several
different types, viz.
two
of
species delimitation
when
ambiguous
are
that
nevertheless
to
reason
devoid of muscarin.
Guiac and noted
applied
easily recognisable otherwise,
necessary.
muscarine and
chemotaxonomical value. They
of which there
and laccases
therefore
as
psilocybin and related coumpounds in Inocybe. Although
detected in several
of
such
ergo-
Inocybe species.
usefulness of macrochemical reactions
rather low.
are
taxa
hallucinogenic Inocybe- species
The
is
30
occurrence
was
metabolites possess
primary
compounds
but
muscarine,
as
chemotaxonomical characters
as
chemotaxonomic indicators.
to
report by
probably
was
metabolites
secondary
indicated that
significance,
chemotaxonomic key
interesting evaluation of various primary
an
and
5-hydroxytryptophan
and
Their results
Inocybe.
chemotaxonomic
were
undertook
(1964)
as
tryptamine
thioneine,
in
al.
such
and
I.
species
is therefore hardly
CHAPTER III
ECOLOGY AND
1.
Ecology
The genus
Inocybe is
they
of
mycorrhiza
is
or
facultative,
has
tecuisse,
of life
and this
much
for instance is
weak
The individual
In
seem
to
seems
a
Most
to
species
Smith,
suppose
of
Several species of
xeric conditions.
and
take
however,
Inocybe
as
are
few
families
or
Southern
also
their
with
specialisation
but these
(see
p.
The
majority
are
parks.
often
Such
of the
species
rather
2.
Inocybes
of relative
Hemisphere
reported
as
different
14
combined with
ecotypic
mycorrhizal
is rather
se
variants
Inocybes
loose,
trees.
obligate
and their associated
under such
soils,
ecological
nutrient-deficiency (Harley
which
found
(exclusively)
are
It
and it could
somewhat nutrient-rich
xerophytic, being
to
prefer
and
even
found under
well-developed
to
disturbed
somewhat
along
relaxed
disturbance could also
and their
Northern
forward for the rather catholic
and
development
clearings,
disturbances may lead
forming fungi. Regular
between
seem
forest
highly
&
on
I. sambucina and I. lacera.
Their subterranean
found in
way
67).
associated
of the
species
even
clearly adaptive under such conditions.
they
is
for the
are
rimosa
association is less
a
saprophytic
a
Corylaceae, Fagaceae,
In the
place,
been put
and
with conditions
such
I.
ecological
to
prefer calcareous,
mycorrhizal
genera
families
taxonomic status
Inocybe
few reports
a
nearby (Cour-
generally euryoecious. Inocybe geophylla
ecological requirements
There are,
acid, nutrient-poor soil,
other
with 8
some
obligatory
arenaria.
has been reported
that the association per
Inocybe
comparison
1983).
of
species
and it is well known that
conditions in
case
explanation has thusfar
between
reasonable
associated
latter
are
is
mycorrhizal Agaricales. Association
Cistaceae.
several
species
autonomous
consequence of the
trees.
and
are
shrub
by assuming
Ammophila
particular
plants
differentiation seems
deserve
No satisfactory
association
as
this
morphological
not
and
Myrtaceae,
reported
trees.
There
or
Salicaceae, Betulaceae,
octopetala), Tiliaceae,
mycorrhizal hosts.
of
with
than in other genera of
so
families of vascular
Dipterocarpaceae,
explained
trees
comm.).
pers.
association
mycorrhizal
formation with
Pinaceae, Cupressaceae,
Rosaceae (.Dryas
genera
could either be
mycorrhiza
1
of Inocybespecies
more
with the following
Hemisphere:
demonstrated (Limonard,
whether this
assess
in pure dune-sand without any
by assuming
association
aspecific,
been
rarely
very
to
because
and shrub. Actual formation
trees
species (temporarily) living saprophytically.
growing
1985)
or
The
the
forming ectotrophic mycorrhiza,
as
found associated with
only
therefore difficult
of Inocybes
do
generally regarded
(almost) always
are
It
be
DISTRIBUTION
paths,
in
competition
explain
the
young
(extreme)
velipellis
vegetations,
plantations
are
and
or
in
with other mycorrhizarather
loose association
trees.
Distribution
Although
the genus
Inocybe
is
distributed
13
world-wide,
the
majority of
the
species
14
P
in the
occur
much
temperate
poorer
in
e
zone,
of
species
r
so
on
in
mainly
Inocybe,
i a—Suppl.
the
and
rather advanced characters. It therefore
under
originated
a centre
New
of
temperate conditions,
origin
Zealand)
in the
Most of the
of these
(very)
3.
species occurring
are
1986
seems
no
Hemisphere.
found there
reasonable
to
assume
rational choice
Hemisphere
in the
or
The
tropics
generally
that
are
possess
the genus
be made between
can
Southern
Hemisphere (e.g.
brown-spored agarics
to
seem
have
1982; Hoiland, 1984).
found
also
in
in
among the temperate
rare
species
where several other genera of the
originated (Horak,
part
Northern
3,
Northern
the
but
Vol.
Europe
North
species
show
a
wide
America
of
distribution,
(Lange,
and
a
substantial
Endemism
1934).
seems
Inocybe.
Phenology
far the
By
and
most
Only
few
a
being
rather
greatest
species,
mainly
late
made there
following
e.g.
found in
in autumn,
Mediterranean
Europe.
number of
collections in
Region
during
the
Inocybes
I.
erubescens and I.
May
and
generally
there
winter and
descriptions
in
is
a
June.
not
in
queletii,
this
work
the
to
are
time,
refer
July
the
second half of
April).
generally
on
and
The
to
and
summer
vernal and/or
sindonia
fruiting
spring (January
during
made between
are
Inocybe
before
shift
found
are
north-western Europe
autumn,
and October.
early aestival,
other
hand
September.
many
fruits
In
collections
the
are
phenological indications
fruiting
in
north-western
CHAPTER IV
EVOLUTION OF INOCYBE
1.
with other genera
Affinities of Inocybe
The
of the
relationships
genus
with other genera of
Inocybe
has
Basidiomycetes
been variously conceived. The oldest and still generally accepted view is that Inocybe
belongs
to
Within
this
the
(Kiihner,
1980)
This
1975).
who
1838)
with
noted
Hebeloma,
latter
Kiihner), family Cortinariaceae.
non
either classified
is
together
or
Inocybeae (Singer,
(1821,
Agaricales (sensu Singer,
order
family Inocybe
as
viewpoint
in fact be
can
shared
(partly
genera
however,
relationship,
other
by
unlikely.
seems
of
genera
Inocybeae
in
hence
(and
tribus
Fries
to
assumed
number of similarities between
a
Cortinariaceae
the
and
Hebeloma,
tribus
Alnicola
traced back
similarity
relationship) between Hebeloma and Inocybe. Despite
both
and
Hebelomina,
macromorphological
the
monogeneric
a
too),
close
a
the
generally speaking,
more
other genera of the Cortinariaceae are characterised by the possession of ornamented
basidiospores,
The
minute
on
irregularities
(1972).
These
coriotunica.
&
and this ornamentation
Inocybe
genus
Young,
and this
irregularities
is
Clemem;on,
Galerina
are
absent in
completely
Clemen?on (1977) interpreted
coriotunica
and
layer (tunica
as
present in
Basic
from
to
an
and
epitunica),
in
via
their
basidia also
wall.
A
its
own,
contributes
complex
spores
this
However,
and
be
with
must
hardly
an
The process
of
Inocybe
Pegler
(cf.
epitunica,
the
from
of
consisting
species,
without
of
A
true
the
a
myxosporium.
any
complex
more
spores
without
wall of
wall
a
as
any arguments
inversion of this
must
then be
or
their
are
given
to
be
15
a
transformed
whereas
are
basidial
that
is
in
the
morphologically
more
series
spore-
present
as
own,
primitive in
implies
(cf. Hoiland,
uninucleate
(e.g.
spores)
a
that
the
1984)
and
must
be
for this direction of the transformation
transformation series
assumed
and
build
not
exogenisation
composition
characters
sporothecium,
of
transformation
this
wall
less
derived from the Cortinariaceae
primitive
the
are
exospores
but the
does
process
highly derived,
mixed
False
of their own,
exospore
of
exogenisation, leading
exospore.
more
evolutionary
direction of
be
true
spore-wall
a
merely
considered
a
a
formation, forming
their
supposed
The
to
explained (away) by
neoteny.
series,
spores
the
from
well-developed
assumed process of
an
myxosporium.
spores
supposedly
is
building
to
consists
must
sense.
Tricholomataceae
several
it
colourless
phylogenetic
that
the
to
of
Tricholomataceae,
more
a
sporothecium
false exospore
a
morphology,
and
corollary
thin-walled,
have
reduction series
a
Clemenfon's interpretation
partly contributing
wall of
as
spores
smooth
Inocybe.
the
by
with
viz.
origin,
different
a
although
Pegler & Young
Cortinarius.
endospore
endospores
of the
covered
directly
of
spore-wall
the
smooth spores,
noted by
were
species
these
1977),
epitunica (Clemenfon, 1977).
essentially
of the spores
however,
are,
there
Although
1971;
layer
the surface
on
in the
originates
the other hand possesses
towards
seems
at
least
endogenisation
equally likely.
and
this
could
16
P
be
consequence of
a
(cf. Reijnders,
The
regard
proposed the
to see
the
of the
Jiilich
and
Tubaria)
inflation without any
order
an
being
to
execute
outgroup,
a
outgroup. As it would
an
genus with ornamented
the
of
that
There
Inocybe.
that
show
(Horak,
several
are
of
account
marasmius
may
the
on
any
of
in New
seem
to
necessary
of such
help
other cortinariaceous
be
New Guinea
I.
e.g.
(pers.
outgroup
an
Zealand and
Phaeomarasmius,
considered
I also
and Horak
could
Flammulaster)
is
the
debatable,
Romagnesi (1953)
Inocybe
species
been considered
be
questioned
hand and
one
& Machol
the
as
member of the
a
strobilomyces
Alnicola,
made
was
Strophariaceae
the
(1972). However,
comparison
Inocybe,
interpretation
between Phaeo-
Hebeloma, and Hebelomina
their data and
reanalyse
to
several differences between
are
strikingly
genera differ
and
Phaeomarasmius
probably
be
not
arisen
far
overrated
occasionally
rather
macroscopically
cheilocystidia
up of the
(1971)
In
are
not
a
using
the sole genus
in
on
Inocybe
The
it
likely
but
unlike
it
the
is
some
forming ectotrophic mycorrhiza
generally
I
would
seems
conclude
of the
reasonable,
candidate for the
monophyly
The
in
that
Phaeomarasmius
much
that
our
to
accept the
not
been
the
subg.
although
is
usually
specialised
Mallocybe,
only
known
has
pileipellis
pellis
rather
possess
species,
is
also
about
the
Pegler
which
simple
very
&
make
Young
Inocybe.
present
does
knowledge
related
taxa.
For
not
the
allow
Watrous
established,
&
Wheeler,
however.
a
cladistic
genus Phaeomarasmius
functional outgroup (cf.
of Phaeomarasmius has
in
of the
trichoderm,
the illustrations in
Cortinariaceae and
however,
a
should
can
ectomycorrhiza
Inocybe
species
remarkable
probably
structure
being
whereas
Inocybe
and
1978)
Agaricales.
not
that
Inocybes
Horak,
Unfortunately,
however. Both
importance of this difference
Phaeomarasmius, although
reasonable classification
most
(cf.
Phaeomarasmius,
remarkable resemblance with those of
summary
analysis
majority of
observed.
spore-wall
show
The
and
several
be observed,
can
pleurocystidia,
thick-walled
are
Phaeomarasmius,
simple cutis
simple cutis.
there
as
The
the evolution of the
in
complex
a
Inocybe
nutrition, Inocybe
dead wood
on
repeatedly during
more
in their
being saprophytic.
saprotrophically
occur
is
of
(or
is rather
would
comparison.
There
a
of
species
to
of Hebeloma
Kiihner &
by
(inclusive
generally
the other. It would be useful
is
use
it
with
polarised
taxonomic
a
least premature.
at
as
Inocybe
genus
be
only
can
outgroup
an
Inocybaceae
of the
analysis
investigations by Singer
of their results
for
of the
to
(cf. Steenis, 1978).
taxon
a
and
Inocybaceae
1978).
Phaeomarasmius has
on
between
characters
and it
as
strong resemblance
genera with smooth spores (Phaeo-
relationship,
that the
Phaeomarasmius
of the Cortinariaceae
circumscription
and naturalness of
states
(1982)
difficult, however,
into natural
insight
cladistic
seem
It is
Inocybe.
doubt with
some
and Jiilich
led
recognition
spores)
to
Inocybaceae
earlier put forward
possibility,
comm.),
the
character
as
instead of diffuse
The erection of the
homogeneity
regard
I
has led
Inocybe
accomodate
to
discriminating
no
increased
that Jiilich has confused
For the time
1986
remaining Cortinariaceae,
include several
to
given.
Cortinariaceae have been
In
in
spore-wall
merit of this proposal, because the
marasmius,
3,
Vol.
internal.
more
family Inocybaceae
new
i A—Suppl.
on
with the
relationship
has been emended by
find
so
and therefore
make-up
its close
r
developmental pattern that is concentrated
a
1963),
different
to
e
as
the
1981).
K
2.
u
y
n
p
r:
Inocybe
Europe
in
17
I
Cladistic analysis of Inocybe
In order
techniques
and
arrive
for
had
to
the strict
analysis (Meacham,
is
that
assume
the
members of
Inocybe
sidering
Inocybe
the
as
that
assumption
that
cladistic
no
executed. Thusfar
It
is
the
as
to
only
is
species
that
this
the European
results
is
of
validity
I
in
restricted myself
Europe.
recognised
has
not
to a
in earlier
of the
the
has
the
on
restricted
a
be
(and
all
Con-
mycologists,
long
as
has been
been
not
level of
area
not
accepted
Cortinariaceae)
polyphyletic
and
proposed.
the individual
in
even
number of characters
Europe
in
which
condition could be
apomorphous (derived)
It should be
several
Horak,
selection of
however.
therefore
rests
enough
allow
to
with
assumption
of the
assumption
that this
admitted, however,
species
the
on
extrapolation
characters
outstanding
occur
1978).
species that
more
less
or
In all
13
representative
seems
homogeneous
classifications.
infrageneric
assessed,
is
reconstruction
This selection reflects
been
but
states.
all
grouping by
in
possession
been found.
not
characters,
provisionally
analysis
representative
met, because
completely
not
in Asia and New Guinea (cf.
natural
a
species of
and
the
on
very limited.
was
cladistic
are
1981)
(monophyletic
based
not
outstanding
must
Inocybe
large),
too
is
characters have
(analysis
cladistic
a
(primitive)
world-wide basis.
on a
that
treats
far
species
level
higher
a
as
monophyletic
execute
unambiguously recognised
The
is
holophyletic
combination of character
particular
been considered
on
plesiomorphous
a
that
hypothesis
a
is
Inocybe
relatively
several
Inocybe
this revision
number of
both
has
possible
not
species,
of
characters; truly unique
possess
analysis
parsimony analysis (Jensen,
itself
Inocybe
genus
set of
polythetic
a
viz.
1981).
sense). However, this monophyly
truly autapomorphous
There
rational infrageneric classification I have used several
at a more
phylogenetic reconstruction,
compatibility
I
of
to
species
The
groups
monophyly
of
and
analysed
were
for the
genus
that have been
these
groups
14 characters
used. The complete data-matrix is presented in Table I.
In
order
make my
to
assumptions
the characters employed
he
primitive.
The
1. Presence of
primitive
as
a
as
explicit
commented
here
I.
by
derived character
on
is coded
state
necropigmented basidia.
group, represented
here
and
terrigena.
0,
latter
hyphae
of the
character
marasmius
state
limulatus
hymenophoral
however.
3.
the
and
state
is
same
cystidial type
regarded
Crepidotus.
state
character
origin, arising
as
originate
or
is
that
unique
seems
I consider
coded
to
in Table I.
1
in
one
basidia is
small
regarded
derived,
as
because
terminal
the
cheilocystidia
elements
it
is
not,
however,
unique
the
of
states
crystalliferous pleurocystidia
derived;
can
either as terminal elements
from modified basidia.
arising
The homology of both character
Presence of thick-walled,
acter
as
regarded
also
trama.
state
state.
hymenophoral trama,
is
the derived
This
I have discussed below
possible,
character
The presence of such
2. Hymenial
cystidia might be of different
of the
as
the
might
hyphae
be
(metuloids).
for
be encountered in Hohenbuehelia,
the
in
The
Phaeoof
the
questioned,
This
genus
char-
Inocybe,
Galerina, Psathyrella,
18
P
Table
I.
Data
e
so
r
a—Suppl.
on i
Vol.
3,
1986
matrix
Characters
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
TERRIGENA
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
BONGARDII
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
RIMOSA
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
COOKEI
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
GEOPHYLLA
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
CORYDALINA
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
SINDONIA
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
HIRTELLA
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
GODEYI
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
CURVIPES
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
ASTEROSPORA
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
CALOSPORA
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
PETIGINOSA
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
4.
an
Spore
form.
apomorphy,
The spores
The
presence
and this
of Horakia
of
angular
apomorphy
flavofusca
or
said
are
nodulose spores
unique
seems
to
for
11
12
0
is
13
considered
of the
14
here
genus
Inocybe.
somewhat resemble those of
Inocybe,
a
part
but my observations indicate that this resemblance is very superficial.
5.
a
6.
in
I.
The presence of
Stipe-covering.
derived character
Hyphae
of the
petiginosa
state
as
pileipellis
the
hyphae
elements. Their presence
also be observed
7.
Asymmetry
in
is
of
spores.
caulocystidia
explained
inflated.
tend
to
typical
I. furfurea.
spores, and this character
8.
was
During
for
I.
is
regarded
Basidial form. Slender basidia with
considered primitive. This character
state
as
a
whole
the later stages of
forming
state
have
is
chains
and
petiginosa
species
the
on
stipe
is
considered
p. 6.
enlarge,
This character
Several
state
on
pileus development
of short
related
regarded
somewhat
as
and
species,
broad
and
can
derived.
curved,
phaseoliform
derived.
length/width
ratio of
more
than 4.0
is also encountered in P. limulatus.
are
K
9.
and
The
that
this
10. Presence of
species
a
possess
subsequent
assigned
11.
the
Hilar
the
in P.
bulb in
character
Several
appendix.
small hilar
of
Type
p.
13.
16), but
Spore
reason
assign
in
cyanophilous,
It
Inocybe.
the
is
unlikely
that
chrysocystidia
but the
primordial stage,
species
In
that
the
case
the
as
small
(very)
a
possess
species
other
bulb
disappears
character
hilar
has
been
appendix
much
a
possess
character
primitive
of
cortina
a
and the
state,
larger
it
as
that
I
one.
is also
found
a state
Projections
species,
of
The results of the
founded
on
states.
number of
of
admitted,
is
The analysis
as
and
used
yielded
structure, only
indicating
that
several
19
one
most
are
the
not
of this
for
As
Kiihner
in
a
the
are
not
parsimonious
cladograms
angular
species
of
not
once
and
to
reversals
type
the
nodulose
»
analysis
assumes
more
changes
mean
device
to
that
reduce
synapomorphies.
It
realistic
be
must
from
which after
a
op-
differ much in their
much evidence of
in
of
that
equally.
cladograms,
not
projections.
characters, permits
completely
did
wall,
important
an
course
of
all
spore
goniosporous
history
methodological
and
parallelisms
of these is drawn. There is
that
of the
requires
not
observed pattern
only
and these
1. This
Fig.
gives equal weight
evolved
For
It is necessary
state.
this is
(1980)
does
criterion
is rather
these
geophylla).
be derived from hollow
presented
the
without
species
I.
in other
case
concerning evolutionary
equally
characters
immediately clear, however,
least twice.
primitive
projections
the
this is
to
here
in
apex.
calospora
I.
assumptions
steps.
the character
reason
in
(except
represent the
to
counts
these
correlated
possessing caulocystidia
obtuse
generally
According
explanations
that
contained
and
plesiomorphous
generally
For that
metuloids
considered
hollow.
biological point of view.
gross
In
are
the
as
are
angular-spored species too,
whereas
adoption
method
however,
cortina
better than any other estimate that
The
ad-hoc
regarded
a
form).
(sub)conical
parsimony analysis
characters,
timalisation
a
to
always parsimonious; it
parsimony
reversal
solid.
spines
the
to
the idea that the estimate
nature herself is
The
with
considered
solid,
are
being
the shortest
pathway
character
are
spore
and the solid
of
is
spore
species
have spores with
the nodulae
character,
in
of this character
to
be
to
apart.
of the
apex
and conical
obtuse spores
is
presence
somewhat modified
a
The
apex.
considered
14.
the
with
exceptional in being cortinate
I. sindonia is
which form the spines,
of
of
state.
appendix
stipe-covering
pleurocystidia,
is
strongly
are
species
homologous
petiginosa.
whereas
overlooked,
throughout (although
are
bongardii
in other
their
e.g. I.
of the cortina has been considered
to
19
I
bulb. This character state is considered derived. Several
marginate
marginate
12. Cortina. The presence
that
of I.
is
state
Europe
in
limulatus.
state.
(see
Inocybe
r:
e
Strophariaceae.
development,
be
p
been observed
character
primitive
might easily
regard
a
y
cheilocystidia
not
apomorphic
be found in the
can
on
of the
contents
this character has
u
selected
spores
homoplasy,
species.
It
have arisen
is
at
20
P
Fig.
1. One
is
supported by
parallelisms
the
a
tries
be
not
find the
to
of character
converted into
completely
This
resolved locally.
1986
names
are
characters
states.
Such
the
subsequently
clique)
an
analysis
this
case
subsequently
are
the
inferring
is founded upon
'better'
than
more
been
cladogram
without
(a
evolved
states
but in
has
abbbreviated
uniquely derived
are
cladogram,
a
3,
Vol.
network and
group of
largest
than characters whose
viewpoint)
be
can
i a—Suppl.
on
that characters whose states
assumption
network
the
and/or reversals
taxonomic
so
parsimonious cladograms. Species
of the most
Compatibility analysis
that
r
e
(from
The
once.
could
cladogram
done in
second
a
step.
It should be noted that the
of
compatible
largest
is needed
to
explain
Two largest
However,
the
cliques
character
largest
once.
The presence of
and
cliques,
cliques
character
of the
8
show the
a
one
based
of both
same
(smooth
on
seems
Fig.
gross
each
versus
character,
the
that
containing
nodulose
this
are
the
that
I
equally probable,
This
is
hardly
evolved
of
than
more
largest clique.
(phaseoliform spores)
have drawn
character
characters.
14)
formed part
never
with the
character 7
incompatible.
of
(out
character has
1 and 2 indicates that both
structure.
11
spores)
incompatible
because
assumption
almost
number
when
Especially
great chance that much homoplasy
a
bulb is also
basidia)
supported by the largest
parsimonious.
most
characters.
again
marginate
in
(slender
alternative cladogram
and
4
which is
is there
obtained,
indicating
differ
cladograms
Comparison
always
incompatible
were
state
these
Both
cladogram,
not
comparatively small,
is
clique
is
characters,
8
in
2
one
once.
The
Fig.
evolved
however.
cladograms
surprising
as
are
fairly congruent
there
is
not
much
K
evidence
of
are
of the group with
(viz.
3. Infrageneric
that
the species
of the
cladistic
a
cladogram
must
polyphyletic
with
Many
Fig.
dispute
cladists
2.
Europe
Both
and
21
I
a
ontogenetic
on
the
natural classification
more
be based
must
indicate that
cladograms
that
be
be
used
There has
been
analyses
Inocybe.
into
are
angular-nodulose
centers
therefore
defend the
Cladogram
based
a
not
spores
of the
that
the
with
much
but
must
a
and
all
characters
more
natural
concerning
systematists
the
or
a
agree
1974). This
of
recognition
subgenus,
as
was
rejected.
acceptability
natural
a
(Mayr,
that
separate genus
be
at
dispute
cladogram
permissible,
as
arrive
to
classification,
around the
position
on one
can
consistent
groups
done by Horak (1978) and Jiilich (1982)
The
used.
origin,
polyphyletic
classification of
classification
that
characters
in
12).
translation of
the
means
the
Inocybe
r:
taxonomy of Inocybe
These results
direct
of
P E
pleurocystidia (metuloids)
character 5 and
infrageneric
in
homoplasy
nodulose spores
U Y
groups
largest cliques, secondarily
of
can
paraphyletic
only
resolved.
be
groups.
recognised
by
22
P
the
of
possession
paraphyletic
that has
to
basidia,
broadly
adnate
the mode of
The
or
in
I.
spores
Inosperma
sections
two
also
be
as
within
(informal)
and
rank of
this
be
is
subgenus Inocybe
Inocybe
elaboration
of the
However,
and,
analysis
only
of the
this
on
a
1
exist in
Inocybc
I
regular
it
accept
as
subgenus
Rimosae
(Fr.)
would
it
be
to
are
the
Inocybe
the
smooth-
refined subdivision
a
and
angular
time
from
being,
taxonomic
promote
the
given
subgenus
refrain
to
can
groups
called Cortinatae
only with
that
with
for
Inocybe
certainly
almost
deals
prudent
main
temporarily
subdivision of
species
therefore
subgenus
Two
are
expected
the
as
the rather long hilar
and
those groups
this revision
It is
soon
being
incorrect
an
nodulose
further
a
because
and
a
nomen-
more
on
specific
are
subgen.
hymenophoralis;
basal
the
nature
as
a
classification.
extensively
for its
It
in
the
natural
Kuyp.,
subgen.
plena necropigmenti;
lanato-squamulosus, cum NH4OH conspicue
nov.
fuscans.
ETYMOLOGY: iiakkoKv/ir), woolly pileus, referring
DISTRIBUTION: About
10
species
in
—
the Northern
—
As
recognition.
with well-delimited
lead
hierarchy
and
ability
adnatae
I
incorrect
on
dealt with
will
are
an
reflect
to the
aspect
of the
my
present here
generally
ex
hyphis
held
tramae
subdecurrentes; pileus
Holotypus: Inocybe terrigena (Fr.) Kuyp.
Hemisphere.
the
perceive fhem. Species
enascentia
vel
to
to
have
they
to
Cheilocystidia
late
I
1987),
(Kuyper,
of man's
lamellae
to start
certainly
is therefore useful
elsewhere
reality, independent
Mallocybe
basidia
units
level
delimitation will
the criteria
and
species
subject
Inocybe
analysis
specific
incorrect
hence,
in
concise summary of my views.
Species
to
as
of
taxonomy
for any cladistic
because
species,
ideas
of
presence
Within
and
Sing,
and
instability.
It is necessary
nature
being
homogeneous.
groups
formal
a
because
I consider
Species concept and speciation
4.
time
the
the
retention of the
holophyletic.
both
For the time
necessary
premature classification
clatural
For
The
stipe,
characters.
but
doubtful,
neotenous
or
(metuloids)
as
and
subgenus,
executed,
have been revised.
spores
Mallocybe
necropigmented
short
outstanding
Cervicolores
pleurocystidia
subgenus
spored species (a paraphyletic group).
of
are
group
holophyletic.
as
comparatively
rather
is
of
presence
also
are
viz.
recognised,
supersection.
only partially
viz.
recognised,
are
regarded
the
lamellae,
synapomorphy.
a
respectively.
Marginatae
could
paraphyletic
a
taxa.
the
be
this group seems rather
are
taxa
indiscriminate
of these
groups
most
as
paraphyletic
to an
probably holophyletic.
are
establish
recognised
subgenus
Inosperma
The presence of thick-walled
appendix
viz.
can
cheilocystidia
the
could be
especially
Both sections
this
character reversal
a
lead
not
Consequently
certain
consequence of
a
represent such
natural
at
as
the existence of
subgenera
apomorphy,
one
subgenus
holophyletic.
classification,
arrive
to
subdecurrent
(with
rimosa)
natural taxon,
Sacc.
of
holophyly
spores
has
reason
even
be
must
Inocybe.
and
development of
phaseoliform
a
that
a
three different
,
Mallocybe
1986
However,
smooth-spored Inocybes
Kuyp. 1 Inosperma Kiihner,
for
hence
3,
Vol.
Cracraft, 1980)
be subdivided in order
and
and
groups into
paraphyletic
Within the genus Inocybe
Subgenus
a—Suppl.
i
on
But this conclusion should
priori.
a
natural. The
not
&
(cf. Eldredge
cannot be excluded
indeed
so
denied real existence.
are
groups
admission of
r
synapomorphies
models
speciation
e
pileus.
saepe
K
therefore
are
From
in
reside
not
species
the
viz.
of the
These
Europe
be
can
the
(in
defined; particular species
and
philosophical sense)
the
however,
23
I
for
problem
cannot
classes.
be),
may
concepts
known
generally
are
and
criteria
morphological
on
does
taxonomist
a
that
important
not
species
concept based
a
and
morphological
as
in
but
Two different concepts have been used for
concept based
a
in
species (however
recognition.
criteria.
genetical
on
individuals
are
reality
the difficulties of their
recognition,
Inocybe
r:
e
point of view,
practical
a
p
mental concepts that
just
not
be defined because
y
ii
genetical species concept respectively.
A
definition of the
Esser
by
failure
&
genetical species concept pertaining
Hoffmann
(1977):
interbreed and
to
in
genetic parameters operating
species
has
concept
usually led
to
been
rather
a
viable
produce
to
the
several
of the
is
sexual
The
by
genetical
and
Agaricales,
comparison with
the
caused
not
cycle.'
given
when
species
nature
genera of the
concept in
species
in
has been
fungi
to
different
to
offspring
completion
in
applied
narrow
belong
'Populations
it
has
morphological
a
concept.
It
has
been
generally
morphological
which species
felt
concept from
that
the
genetical
theoretical
a
have because of their
attains
a
optimism
with
determining species
application
organisms
Thus far
and
for
must
has
be
has
that
resort
for
Species distinction
division of species
good species
characters.
It should
genetical
to
is
central part
a
and therefore
genetical species concept
the
they
of
could
and
decades
the first
be
must
species
concept
criteria
last
In
difficulties.
culture
species
on
single
a
character
combinationof
This
1957).
in
one
clear, however,
be
grown
Inocybe
be
not
search
usually
for
be
can
at
to
in
generalised
least
only
leads
as
in
its
the
place
culture.
effectively,
We
applied.
morphological
artificial divisions
characters
(independent)
character
taxonomy.
delimitated species
that
discovering
for
are
It
is
ensures
the
independent
two
a
natural
statement
that
morphological
therefore accorded
are
natural
Generally
experimental
speaking,
genetical
descriptive
complex by
seems useful
of
of
genetics
show
a
designate
an
&
and
infraspecific
bad,
a
this
it
adequate
The
not
all
yielded
provide
not
to
morphologically
The
correlation
unraveling
do
only artificial species (cf.
fortunately!
good
morphology
infraspecific variation
variability
might
be
results
with
of
an
the results
of the Armillaria mellea-
strikingly
that
can
biologically
formally because it might
and
are
solely
inherent limitations
similar results
Marxmiiller, 1983).
pattern of
Although
to
giving
so
of
that
some
show
not
taxonomy often
(Korhonen, 1978; Romagnesi
classified.
but that
morphological taxonomy.
means
Many species
are
because
taxa
quite feasible
species,
matters
characters
morphological
natural
therefore
Kemp, 1985).
aim
a
delimitation.
(Steenis,
differing
certainty
descriptive
and
to
(see below).
absolute
a
history,
during
i.e.
experiments,
differ from each other in
must
Taxa
a
with many
impossible
a
based
Only
tempered
morphological
to
species
been
beset
to
(almost)
alone
reason
and delimitation.
°f
superior
genetic cohesion,
experimental falsification
the usefulness of the
to
has
be
to
amenable
been
therefore
respect
status
appeared
must
it
discontinuities
rank
is
concept
because the
higher degree of objectivity.
The initial
for
view,
evolutionary
common
of the definition.The
concept also allows for
species
of
point
formal representation
go
also be recognised
trivial, it sometimes
unnoticed otherwise. The
of the population
structure
24
P
of
is of
species
a
the
E
R
S
and the
and
species,
for
often based
are
The
that
solely
category of
when
used,
reason
on
taxa
has
subspecies
that
with
the
with
should of
Within I.
is
therefore
small
that
to
seem
It
be
such
every
contact
be
slightly
genetically
status
applied.
in
as
that
it
as
exceptional
some
large
a
are
Europe
does
not
and
More
advantage
the
and
can
can
nomenclature,
be
taxa
useful for
scarcely
can
in
Agaricales
the
sympatric speciation
process
usually
Morphological
as
a
is
begins
the
at
The
confirm
to
cellular
are
level
progresses
however,
differently,
highly speculative.
be
the
hand
encoun-
variant with
of forma.
Both
forms
of characters
useful
purpose
if
strive
we
to
used
an
here.
be rather
can
informal category for
this
As
loosely
variable species
an
on
reproductive
data
thus
by
means
of
I.
rimosa,
(very)
scale.
(a prerequisite
far
that
new
on
speciation
instantaneous
species.
incompatibility
races
no
regional
a more
assertion
as
has
informally
number of
isolation
published
(1977)
rank
and
such
unmanageable
recognised
to
assumed
This
reactions.
develops gradually
evolution of both populaltions.
is
mainly
predominantly dung-inhabiting) fungi.
fungi
few
and
other
can
intergradation
taken of
is
it
Kemp's
pileus,
rank
differing
These variants
the
on
cases
variability.
recognised,
pigment.
dominant mode of the formation of
the
autonomous
generalisation,
be
whitei
differentiation between these incompatible
result of the
This
Agaricales.
seem
exceptional
the character difference is
be
be
I.
and
any
very
would lead
(limited)
intergradation
in North America.
serve
variant
term
in
might
intermediates
the
area
of
other hand
some
value.
obtuse
given
exclusive
the
on
amount
can
Variation in
variety.
character
one
of intermediates
series
a
handle infraspecific
to
variants
variant of which
aberrant
erection of formal
speciation)
the
For
and
(almost) continuous series
an
predictive
no
Not much is known about the mechanisms of
in
by
form. The
delimitation of
character
both in
zone,
category
(i)
speciation
completely,
character that shows
convenient tool
mutually
local forms and varieties which
for
Inocybe
(mostly differing in
a
typical
prominent papilla
based.
the
agarics (see below).
the typical variant. Forms
the variant with
variants,
a
a
of
under the rules of
Such
where the
often
rank
evident
character
official
in
constant
almost
an
occupy
might
name
to
pileus
in the
occurs
reason
and,
viz.
differentiation.
concerning
in
for
connected
not
has, therefore,
discontinuous,
with
taxa
mycology
applied,
were
ecological
absence of violaceous intracellular
or
the
given
completely
not
tered. For
a
presence
two
infraspecific
systematic
and/or
rank
species
a
is
species differing
limited,
and
arbitrary, it is
geophylla
in the
only
in
the distinction between varieties and forms
Although
be somewhat
These
criteria
speciation
subspecific
the character in the
arbitrary
used
assumptions
on
within
character
be rather
course
of variants is
the
character
variants within a
intergradation
polyphyletic origin, contrary
species.
comparable
known about
variants
corresponding
constant
sail between
to
the classification of any
of varieties and forms.
use
of which the aberrant
only)
are
the
to
constant
are
forced
are
we
well be of
than
(ii) geographical
and
discard
to
reason
been
hardly
scarcely
is
nothing
decided
myself
Varieties
are
I
reason
restrict
to
almost
1986
relinquishing
real
The latter criterion relies rather heavily
but
3,
Vol.
character difference.
one
morphological discontinuities
process,
of
might
less
are
different and
two
a—Suppl.
I
Charybdis
infraspecific variation. Infraspecific
to
N
unattainable. For that
course
Scylla of typology
0
O
but
Hoiland
in
It
the
based
might well
absence
(1984) suggested
on
data from
be that
of
saprophytic
(and
speciation in mycorrhizal
experimental
data all
sympatric speciation
theories
via ecological
K
differentiation
data
on
arisen
in
Inocybe
by
several
and
Y
species
p E
I.
pairs
specialisation,
lacera - I.
mycorrhizal association
of
Inocybe
r:
would support such
mycorrhizal
squamata,
u
a
in
Europe
of Cortinarius
theory.
are
impexa.
I.
25
I
subgenus Dermocybe.
Species pairs,
rimosa - I.
However,
which
arenicola,
considering
Inocybe is rather unspecialised,
such
a
have
I.
the
Some
probably
rimosa fact
that
I.
the
mode of speciation
might be of minor importance.
No
data with
regard
to
hybridisation
in
that hybrids could easily be detected with
of
any
experiments,
speculative.
and
Inocybe
have been
morphological
published.
It is
unlikely
criteria alone in the absence
hypotheses regarding hybridisation
must
remain completely
26
a—Suppl.
Persooni
3,
Vol.
1986
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Armillariella
'Flore
analytique'
mellea-
complex.
In
Karstenia
18: 31-42.
KUHNER,
(1955). Complements
R.
nouvelles
critiques.
et
(1956). Complements
Especes
(1980).
KOHNER,
R. &
KUYPER,
LANGE,
Th.
J.
MALONE,
(1987). Specific
In Bull,
In
(Suppl.):
impressions
mycol.
Bull,
Fr. 71:
Soc.
mens
Lyon
linn.
agaricina
Flora
Especes
-
Inocybe acystidies-
et
('1955').
169-201
European mycologist
a
cystidies
49
champignons superieurs.
des
delimitation.
of
leiospores
3-95.
Inocybe goniospores
VI.
analytique
Flore
Inocybe
V.
9
trimest. Soc.
infraspecific
and
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(no spec.):
neerlandica
in
1-1027.
Paris.
America.
1.
In
Mycologia
1-12.
H.,
M.
G.
R.
analytique'
'Flore
(1953).
H.
ROMAGNESI,
ROBICHAUD,
(1904).
(1974).
C.,
R.
TYLER
thirty Inocybe species.
of
potency
MASSEE,
la
a
critiques.
ou
Oyonnax
Hymenomycetes agaricoides.
Les
W.
E.
26:
MAYR,
nouvelles
la
a
In Bull. Soc. Nat.
monograph
A
of the
analysis
Cladistic
In
Jr., V.
BRADY,
&
L.
(1962).
R.
Relative
muscarinic
25: 231-237.
Inocybe
genus
cladistic
or
E.
Lloydia
Karsten.
classification?
In Ann.
In Z.
Bot.
18: 459-504.
Syst.
zool.
Evolut.-forsch.
12:
94-
128.
MEACHAM,
C.
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A.
A
manual
method
for
compatibility analysis.
character
In
Taxon
30:
591-
600.
MOSER,
(1983).
M.
PEGLER,
D. N.
Rohrlinge
Die
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T.
Blatterpilze,
und
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In
Gams
Kryptog.fl.
Kl.
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Agaricales.
In Beih.
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W. K.
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the
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British
of
Inocybe.
In
Kew
Bull.
26:
499-
537.
REIJNDERS,
A.
F.
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In Bull.
REUMAUX,
ROBBERS,
P.
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Miettes
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ROMAGNESI,
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H.
L.
La
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ROMAGNESI,
SINGER,
SINGER,
STANGL,
H.
Bull,
especes
Agaricales
des
carpophores
et
de
In
Lloydia
27:
chez les
rares
E.
et la
nature du
primordial.
bulbe
355-364.
In Docs
& TYLER Jr., V.
especes
des
de Cortinariaceae
(no spec.):
R.
cystide
J.
&
A.
(1978).
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R.
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R.
&
mycol.
(1964).
A
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1-28
chemical
and
12
('1982').
chemotaxonomic
evaluation
192-202.
Agaricacees.
nouvelles
ou
In
de
Rev.
Mycol.
9
Macromycetes
(Suppl.):
III.
4-21.
Inocybe.
In Beih.
Sydowia
mycol.
Uber
Agaricales
Agaricales
MACHOL,
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In
Duftstoff
den
R.
E.
Hedwigia 21: 753-787.
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Etude
sur
les
Armillaires
annelees.
In
Fr. 99: 301-324.
zweier
Risspilzarten
(Agaricales,
Basidiomycetes).
In
Z.
33C: 817-819.
The
The
Inocybe).
H.
MARXMOLLER.
trimest. Soc.
Naturforsch.
J.
43
Inocybes.
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349-365.
8:
SCHMITT,
sur
deux
Lyon
Soc. linn.
mens.
du
Haag.
Den
developpement de
Le
E,, BRADY,
J.
problemes
Les
voisins.
quelques groupes
Mykol.
modern
modern
taxonomy,
taxonomy,
2nd
Bestimmungsschliissel
49:
111-136.
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Weinheim.
3rd ed. Vaduz.
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M. (1983).
Z.
in
in
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fiir
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in
Agaricales.
In
Nova
europaische eckigsporige Risspilze (subgenus
28
P
STANGL,
STEENIS,
J. &
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In
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C.
G.
G.
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STIJVE,
T.
Th. W.
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J.
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E
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R
on
A—Suppl.
i
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Vol.
3,
1986
Risspilz-Arten
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van
(1957). Specific
doubtful virtue
Het voorkomen
of
and
infraspecific
splitting
families.
muscarine
van
en
delimitation.
In Bothalia
muscimol in
Fl. males.
I,
5:
clxvii-ccxxxiv.
12: 425-427.
verschillende
paddestoelen.
In Coolia
baeocystin
the
25: 94-100.
STIJVE, T., KLAN,
STUNTZ,
D.
E.
1947.
(1954).
WATROUS,
Studies
L.
In
E. &
Syst.
in
the
(1985).
W.
Occurrence
of
psilocybin
and
in
genus
12: 469-473.
genus
Inocybe
I.
New
and
noteworthy species
from
Washington.
39: 21-55.
Studies
Mich. Acad.
Th.
Fr. In Persoonia
Mycologia
In
KUYPER,
J. &
Inocybe (Fr.)
on
Sci.,
the
genus
WHEELER, Q.
Zool. 30:
Inocybe
Arts & Letters
1-11.
D.
39:
(1981).
II. New
53-84
The
and
noteworthy species
from
Michigan.
In
Pap.
('1953').
out-group comparison
method
of character
analysis.
B.
SPECIAL
PART
INOCYBE
Agaricus
Sueciae
2:
tribus
346.
Inocybe Fr., Syst. mycol. 1:11,
1863.
Astrosporina J.
—
Lectotype: Agaricus
Schroet. in
Quel.
in
Finl.
Natur Folk 48:
Ann.
Bot.,
Sci. nat.
212.
Earle
in
Bull.
Agmocybe
Earle
in
Bull.
Inocybe rimosa (Bull.: Fr.)
Inocybella
Zerov in
36.1.).
Art.
Notes:
5: 440.
1.
N.
Y. bot.
N.
Y.
first
the
to
of the
and
spores.
that
5: 439.
5:
1909.
439.
it
Inocybe,
still
However,
remark
is
he
uneven
63.1.).
Art.
Clypeus (Britz.)
—
Karst.
in
Bidr.
Kanned.
Berk.
lacera
(Fr.: Fr.)
Kumm.
Holotype (Art.
—
5, Basidiomycetes (2):
Ukralni
7.11.):
347.
Earle (in
to
N.
Bull.
Y. bot.
346.
his
to
not
as
idea
the
genus
nodulose
relicina
Inocybe
that
as
rejecting
1979
Gdn
relicina
that
with
this
type (Art.
10.3.),
should
artificial
be
is
Inocybe
This
then
a
trechisporus
have
to
Inocybe:
to
the
smooth
the
by
40:
628.
typified with A. trechisporus.
be
basionym
under the
mod.
be
with
typified
his former
Agaricus
3rd
Taxon.,
Ed.:
angular
an
or
lectotypification, suggested
with
such
to
Earle
Fr.
with
Clypeus
turned
N.
of the
the
Nova
main
1931) is
microscope
species
be
to
a
5:
440.
Hedwigia
advantage
smooth-spored
for the
out
Inocybes
Gdn
Y. bot.
Beih.
(in
that
a
use
Fries's
species.
uneven.
(in Bull.
Donk
added
153.
be
a
that several
of
species,
with
leaving
angular
incorrect,
and
however,
misapplication,
5:
this
as
the true I.
spores.
conserve
I consider such
with
and
taxonomic remark
possible
uneven
characterised
was
definite dislike for the
typified
(priorable)
noted that
groups
must
('videntur')
and
choice,
Heim (Genre
it is
must
typify Inocybe
to
seem
having angular-nodulose
Although
said
type.
Fries himself had
Astrosporina
sensu
Inocybe
type. Singer (Agaricales
a
obligation
no
that the spores
spores.
Agaricus
was
generalisation of observations by Berkeley
a
only
recorded
species
original species
an
while
Bull.: Fr.
is
spores.
was
names
1863)
the
Fries's contention led Singer & Smith (in Mycologia
serve
1962) agreed
choice
It
Gribiv
noted that
that
suggested
cannot
kept
only
The
I.
1881.
P.
has been somewhat controversial. When
Inocybe
first
typification of Inocybe was by
1909) who selected Agaricus relicinus Fr.:
the
(illeg.,
according
Sueciae 2:
was
there
nd he said
Is
137.
Holotype: Inocybe
—
1909
Viznachnik
are
genus
species
Agaricus lanuginosus
147.
26:
Lectotype: Agaricus trechisporus
—
Peresipkin,
Zerov &
nodulose-spored species, and,
a
Lectotype: Inocybepraetervisa
—
Clypeus (Britz.)
—
(incorrect) conclusion that Inocybe
as
1975)
have
1889.
Augsburg
Ver.
(June).
576.
Holotype: Inocybe calospora Quel.
time for Sweden,
of
However,
tribus
1889
lectotypifications
spores,
type
1948)
naturw.
362.
Gdn
Inocybe (Fr.) Fr., Monogr. Hymenomyc.
Kumm.
typification
('rough')
same
3(1):
Schlesien
Ber.
Gdn
bot.
(Monogr. Hymenomyc.
for the
569.
All
9:
—
1909).
2. The
Fries
—
in
VII,
(Jan.-Sept.).
1889
Inocybium
(inval.,
Britz.
ser.
1821.
Fr.
Fr.: Fr.
relicinus
Cohn, Krypt.-Fl.
Agaricus subgenus Clypeus
Fay.
254.
(Fr.)
a
use
Inocybe
with
conservation
of the
and
names
uneven
29
as
a
smooth-spored
species
as
the
for
the
undesirable.
Inocybe
spores
is
and
Astrosporina
nomenclaturally
incorrect.
30
P
E
r
so
i a—Suppl.
on
the unnaturalness of both
However, considering
nomenclatural consequences
in
outer
to
bulbous, with
to
squarrose in lower half;
half; velipellis present
in albinistic
some
very
menophoral
or
dextrinoid,
2-spored.
trama
present,
from
in
the
apex;
hymenophoral
trama
caulocystidia
regular.
KEY
Pleurocystidia
almost
present,
with
always
absent
TO
but
a
or
few
or
stipe equal
present,
nodulose,
either
thin-walled
always
to
cyanophilous,
thick-walled;
with
clamp-connexions
and
in
hy-
pleurocystidia
double wall,
always
species growing (saprophytically)
thick-walled
not
4-spored,
from the
originating
thick-walled,
present;
white
conspicuously thick-walled,
to
and
present;
on
wood.
INOCYBE
with
angular-nodulose
crystalliferous
apex;
spores
smooth
Subgen. Inocybe (partly treated),
Pleurocystidia absent; cheilocystidia thin-walled, without crystalliferous
I.
squamulose
species squamulose
some
germ-pore; basidia usually
THE SUBGENERA OF
always
these
on
radially rim(ul)ose
almost free;
to
in
pruinose,
often angular
almost
case
Usually forming ectomycorrhiza,
or
Pileus smooth, fibrillose,
fibrillae and often
specimens, slightly
subhymenium,
the
latter
or
121), dwelling
p.
absent; spore print brown, exceptionally
rarely
very
Cheilocystidia
or
crystalliferous
1.
or
ornamentation, but
any
rarely
collections
absent
cortina present
colourless in albinistic
but
without
amyloid,
not, fibrillose
or
specimens.
Spores brown,
smooth,
(see
absent; lamellae broadly adnate
or
bulb
marginate
a
diverging
1986
counterproductive.
mycenoid.
with
squarrose, when fibrillose then often
3,
taxa
irrelevant and
seems
Habit tricholomatoid or collybioid, rarely
or
Vol.
apex; spores
p.
69
always
smooth.
2.
Cheilocystidia
ally
2.
originating
shorter than
from
diameter of
Cheilocystidia originating
stipe usually longer
SYNOPSIS
than
the
pileus
as
modified
diameter of
hymenophoral trama;
(sub)hymenial elements;
necropigment;
basidia
without
INOCYBE TREATED
8.
I.
IN THIS WORK
quietiodor
9.1. I. cookei
var.
cookei
I. calamistrata
9.2. I. cookei
var.
kuthanii
2.
I.
3.
I. cervicolor
geraniodora
10.
4.1. I.
bongardii
var.
bongardii
4.2. I.
bongardii
var.
pisciodora
Section Rimosae
I. maculata
11.1. I. flavella
var.
11.2..
I. flavella
var.
flavella
roseipes
12.1. I.
arenicola
var.
arenicola
12.2..
I.
arenicola
var.
mediterranea
13.
I.
mimica
5.
I. erubescens
14.
I. squamata
6.
I.
15.
I.
vinosistipitata
7.
I. reisneri
16.
I.
rimosa
adaequata
usu-
necropigment;
Subgen. Inosperma,
Section Cervicolores
1.
stipe
Subgen. Mallocybe (not treated)
pileus
OF THE TAXA OF
Subgenus Inosperma
with
p. 34.
K
u
Y
P
E
r:
Subgenus Inocybe
in
Europe
31
I
54.
I. auricoma
55.
I.
posterula
17.
I.
appendiculata
56.
I.
pusio
18.
I.
haemacta
57.
I. nitidiuscula
Supersection
Cortinatae
Inocybe
19.
I.
20.
fraudans
I.
tricolor
59.1.
21.
I.
coelestium
59.2..
I.
22.1.
I.
corydalina
22.2. I.
23.1. I.
58.
I.
pseudodestricta
I. fuscidula
corydalina
fuscidula
var.
fuscidula
bisporigera
var.
var.
corydalina
60.
I. xantholeuca
var.
erinaceomorpha
61.
I.
queletii
geophylla
var.
geophylla
62.1. I. flocculosa
var.
flocculosa
23.2..I. geophylla
var.
lilacina
62.2.I. flocculosa
var.
crocifolia
24.1.I.
whitei f. whitei
62.3. I.
flocculosa var. ferruginea
24.2..I. whitei f. armeniaca
63.
I.
frigidula
25.
I.
subporospora
64.
I. serotina
26.
I.
27.1.
luteipes
I.
lacera
var.
27,2,.
I. lacera
27.3.
I.
var.
65.
I.
lacera
66.
I.
inodora
rhacodes
67.
I.
grammopodia
pruinosa
lacera
var.
helobia
68.
1. sambucina
27.4. I. lacera
var.
regularis
69.
I. sindonia
28.
I.
29.
I. similis
impexa
30.1.
I. rufuloides
Supersection Marginatae
var.
rufuloides
70.
I.
var.
exilis
71.
I.
vulpinella
30.2.
I.
31.
rufuloides
I.
72.1. I.
furfurea
var.
32.
leptocystis
I.
obscurobadia
72.2..I.
var.
33.
furfurea
I.
maculipes
73.
I.
I.
melanopus
34.
godeyi
furfurea
rufotacta
albomarginata
74.
I.
35.
amblyspora
I. olivaceobrunnea
75.
I.
36.
pseudoreducta
I. albovelutipes
76.
I.
leiocephala
I. monochroa
77.
I.
tjallingiorum
78.
I. saponacea
37.
38.
I.
abjecta
39.1. I.
phaeodisca
39.2..I. phaeodisca
40.
I.
41.
I.
42.
I.
43.
var.
var.
phaeodisca
geophylloides
79.1.7I. hirtella
var.
hirtella
19.2..
I. hirtella
var.
bispora
80.
I.
griseovelata
81.
I. squamosa
brunneotomentosa
82.
I.
I.
83.
I.
44.
rupestris
I.
84.
I.
45.
aeruginascens
pelargonium
I.
hystrix
85.
I.
ochroalba
46.
I.
86.
I.
tenebrosa
47.
I.
87.
I.
48.
griseolilacina
mycenoides
I.
88.
I.
49.
huijsmanii
brevicystis
I.
amethystina
89.
I.
stangliana
90.
I.
roseipes
50.1..I.
50.2..I.
51.
52.
53.
glabripes
squarrosa
phaeocomis
var.
phaeocomis
muricellata
hirtelloides
langei
91.1. I.
splendens
I. hygrophana
91.2..I.
splendens
I. ionochlora
92.
I.
vaccina
I. cryptocystis
93.
I.
glabrescens
phaeocomis
var.
major
var.
splendens
var.
phaeoleuca
32
P
SYNOPTICAL
E
R
S
O
O
I a—Suppl.
N
Vol.
3,
1986
TO THE SMOOTH-SPORED SPECIES OF
KEY
INOCYBE
IN THIS REVISION
WITH STRIKING CHARACTERS
(The
numbers
Pileus
to those in
refer
larger
than 70
whitish,
with
purplish: 6, 20,
or
when
greyish
when
violaceous
scales
when
on
young:
young:
young:
when
than
10
present).
damage: 4.1, (5), (24), 71,
62.3
(12.1),
16,
thick:
80
72.2
83
89
7, 15, 23.2, 47, (48), 49, 50, 51, 52,
young:
mm
1, 2, 3, (4.1), 28, (35), 38, 45, 46, 50,
young:
(12.1),
69
29
(26), (27.1), 58, 60, 62.2, 87,
(sub)marginate
(83), 84,
13, 14, 19, 22.2,
scales:
reddish
reddish
with
sometimes
49
appressed
more
character
91.1
with
becoming
mean:
71
appendiculate-dentate margin: 17, 19, (62.1),
yellow when
Stipe
brackets
with
with recurvate
Lamellae
(4.2), 5, 19, 24,
in
tinges: 18, 21, 22.1, (22.2), 44
green
vinaceous
numbers
6, 10, 16, 19, 22.1,
mm:
rubescent:
synopsis;
the
56
5,6, 12.1, 16,(17), 19, 22.1, (55), 61, 64, 66, (74),
(7),
bulb:
(8), 9,
10,
(16), 53,
91.1
(61), 64, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, (76),
(82),
91.1
squamulose
squarrulose
to
in
lower
half:
1, 2, 45,
50
distinctly darkening downwards: (17), 27, 29, 33, 34,42, (43), 70, 77, 86, (91)
with
tinges
green
near
1, 18, 21, 22.1,
base:
bright yellow: 26, 62.2, (89)
with
Context
Smell
tinges: 7, (8), 15, 23.2, (46), 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52,
violaceous
tomentum at base:
red
44
reddening: 1, 3, 4, 6, 11.2, (13), 18, 19, 20, 22, 24,
sweet,
1, 4.1, (4.2), (7), (18),
fruit-like:
56
87
71
19, 20, 21, 22, (67)
Pelargonium-like: 1, 2, 4.2, 32, (33), 47, (48), (49), (62.1), 84, (91.1)
fish-like:
1,
4.2
79, (80)
bitter almonds:
Tricholoma
as
as
Lactarius
as
Amanita
(15),
saponaceum:
quietus: (7),
78
8
phalloides: 5, (6), 9.1, 10, 16, 44, 64,
91.1
honey-like: 9.1, (83)
Spores
on
on
less than
average
more
average
8.0
long: 9, (21), (22), (32), 40, (59), 69, 73, 83, 84,
pm
than
12.5
pm
long: 2,
3, 4, (5),
12,
13,
16, 27, 28,
89
29, 30,
59.2, 64,
(66), (79.2)
on
average
on
average
Q
less
Q
more
with
than
less than
more
1.5:
than
Cheilocystidia (only
for
3, 4, 5, 12, 16, 19, 28, 29, 30, 64,
species
than 70 pm
more
than
70
89
1, 2, (3), (11), 12.1, 13, (16), 27.1, 27.2, 27.3, 28, 64, 65, (66), 67,
germ-pore:
more
cylindrical:
(9.1), 27.1, (44), 68, 73, 83, (84)
14, (16), 19, 20, 21, 22, 26, (73), 81,
2.0:
indistinct
4.5 pm wide:
than 7.0 pm wide:
of
25,
subg. Inosperma)
long: 4.2,
20 pm wide:
26
12.1
10, (12.2), 15,
16
1, 2, (3), 4, 5, 6, 11, 12.1, 13, 14,
16
68
65,
K
U
Y
P
E
r:
Inocybe
in
Europe
33
J
Pleurocystidia
less than
more
less than
more
50
than
15
than
completely
with
pm
long:
80 /um
M
25
m
wide:
pm
17, 20, 21, 22, 42, 53, 54, 77, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88,
long: 32, 35, 37, 45, 50, (57), 69,
20, 21, 22, 26, 32, 33, 36, 37, 40, 50, 53, 60, 67, 69, 79, 87,
wide:
thin-walled:
bright yellow
wall
31, (46)
in
NH
4
OH:
24.1, (26),
Paracystidia
Basidia
incrusted:
88
63, 64, 65, 66, (91.1)
(69), (70), (79), 80, (81)
brown
89
80
27.2, 28, (49), 50, (70), (80)
exclusively 2-spored: 59.2,
79.2
27.2, 27.3, 30, 32,
(33), 49, 50, (52), 54, 62,
34
P
e
r
so
INOCYBE
Inocybe subgenus
Holotype: Inocybe
Inosperma
in
Kuhner
modified
apex;
3,
1986
INOSPERMA Kühner
Bull.
Soc.
mens.
linn.
Lyon
(no.spec.):
49
with
spores
small
(very)
hilar
squamulose
Pileus
to
TO THE
squarrulose;
radially rim(ul)ose;
Pileus
—
obtuse
OF SUBGENUS INOSPERMA
SECTIONS
usually reddening;
context
slender, Q
basidia
> 4.0.
context
usually
reddening;
not
not
basidia
so
Cervicolores,
slender, Q
sectio
Inocybe
Inocybe
sectio
(inval.,
Inocybe
Cervicolores
&
Romagn.
in
Bull,
trimest.
Soc.
34
Rimosae,
p. 43
Sing.
mycol.
Fr.
71:
200
('1955').
36.1).
Art.
sectio
Kiihn.
Cervicolores
p.
< 3.5.
Sect.
1956.
1980.
and
appendix
Sect.
1.
B98.
necrobasidia absent.
KEY
1.
Vol.
present, continuous along edge of lamellae, originating
elements;
(sub)hymenial
A—Suppl.
Gillet.
Pleurocystidia absent; cheilocystidia
as
i
subgenus
(Fr.: Fr.)
calamistrata
on
Sing,
Cervicolores
Sydowia
in
15:
('1961')
70
1962.
—
Holotype: Inocybe
cervicolor
(Pers.) Quel.
Pileus
squamulose
to
squarrulose,
often conspicuous; metuloid
never
radially rimose;
often
context
with
cystidia absent, cheilocystidia
cyanophilic
reddening;
smell
contents; basidia
slender, Q > 4.0.
DISTRIBUTION
—
About 5
species
KEY
1.
Spores
on
average
1.
Spores
on
average
TO
in the Northern
THE SPECIES
less than 6.0 /xm
Hemisphere,
OF SECTIO
broad; stipe
in
also
occurring
CERVICOLORES
lower half with
blue-green tinges.
I.
2.
2.
more
than 6.5 pm
broad; stipe
reddening; pileus
Context
not
reddish
in
part
distinctly squamulose
lower
,
Context
reddish
in
part
3.
lower
Pileus
Pileus
in
not
with
brownish
3.
or
.
or
or
never
dark
brown
to
almost
white
to
brown,
only indistinctly squamulose.
dark brown
background;
tomentose
to
centre, but scales
squamules
smell
coarsely
brownish
or
recurvate
scales
at centre,
buff;
or
smell
as
leaves
very
contrasting with
35
sometimes
of
Pelargonium or
I.
36
ochraceous
appressed
with
P-
dark; stipe
cervicolor,
I.
subsquamulose,
sweet,
geraniodora,
but
strong, disagreeable, musty
fibrillose
p.
chocolate-brown, unicolorous; stipe
I.
from
calamistrata,
blue-green tinges.
with
.
reddening; pileus
in New Zealand
p.
38
scales
somewhat
bongardii,
fishy.
p.
39
K
1. Chemical
Notes:
U Y
Muscarine is
2.
Agaricus
Agaricus
1832.
513.
Fr.:
Inocybe
hirsuta
P.
Inocybe
f.
calamistrata
SELECTED
Pi. 720,
3:
f.
—
ICONES.
pi.
114D.
velipellis
not
in all
then
in
the
by
absence of smell
& al.
species (cf. Stijve
Figs. 3-4.
neotype
J.
Konr.
2.
Fl. agar.
(as
I.
Ic.
Lange,
occur
status.
in Persoonia
12:
calamistrata
148.
1981.
f.
brown
Flora
dan.
1:
Inocybe
gracilis).
Mos.
=
blue
to
or
80.
(Fr.: Fr.) Gillet,
calamistrata
pi. 89,
Stipe
Jiilich,
=
whitish
in
pileus
but
x
2-6
calamistrata.
calamistrata).
—
Spores,
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
—
2.
1931.
—
J.
mm
to
broad,
pi.
8.
Fl.
1980.
f.
1.
15:
agar,
—
1985.
equal
brown
stipe,
on
of
from
attenuated
near
tinge;
base,
half-way, discolouring
olivaceous black
exposure
soon
Smell
holotype
at
minutely pruinose-
apex
stipe.
olivaceous
an
even
at
centre,
hardly ventricose,
not or
or
around
coarsely squamulose;
with
sometimes
(3.
29:
darker
even
even
apex,
lower part
cheilocystidia
Lange,
Basidiomyc.: pi. 9,
in lower half,
and apex of
1872.
only indistinctly umbonate, margin
mm,
at
178.
cervicolor).
I.
somewhat
6
to
green,
squarrose
in
1929.
f.
5:
36.1).
Art.
(=
1938
subsquarrose
1- 3,
25-92
green
(inval.,
Farbatl.
brown, finally
greyish
indistinctly
vinaceous, bluish
90.
mycol. 3(Index):
1885.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
&
more
to
1 1:3.
1938
Fr., Syst.
Lasch:
Montbeliard, ser. II,
3: 80.
to convex, not or
30-45,1
dark
fenn.
dan.
isabella-brown,
to
hirsutus
Inocybe: pi. 3,
Genre
—
3:
somewhat fistulose, pale brown
Context
of I.
3-4
Figs.
—
Soc. Emul.
Fl. agar.
Fung.
sel.
Heim,
R.
—
flocculose, white.
Inocybe
—
Agaricus
Lange,
adnate, cinnamon-brown
pale
1821.
Mem.
Soc. Fauna
M.,
&
1930.
—
in
Meddn
hirsuta sensu J.
lower half to
greenish
base, coarsely squamulose
or
256.
1:
around centre, outwards
to
Gillet
(Fr.: Fr.)
1829.
campanulato-convex
becoming
pinkish
4: 546.
observed. Lamellae, L
subflocculose.
mycol.
(Lasch: Fr.) Quel,
gracilis
young,
broadly
edge fimbriate
solid,
Linnaea
Schimm.:
mm,
when
f.
1938
recurvately scaly
rather
—
Paddest.
Pileus 10-38
inflexed
Fr., Syst.
Karst. in
Inocybe
1., pi. 721,
Phillips,
from
35
I
1876.
Lasch in
hirsutus
—
EXCLUDED.
to
Europe
given independent taxonomic
not
calamistrata
Inocybe
Inocybe praetermissa
dan.
in
characterised
are
are
probably lacking
calamistratus
Hymenomycetes:
R.
lnocybe
R:
1985).
1.
23.
E
variants that
in all species of this section, but
472.
P
of
discolouring
faint, acidulous
I.
praetermissa;
36
with
sweetish
a
sometimes
component, Pelargonium- like
disagreeable,
(1 -7—) 1.8—2.6, Q
30—54(—55)
of
similar
stipe,
HABITAT
Salix,
(7—)8—11(—13)
x
Basidia 30-41
contents.
COLLECTIONS
26.V11.
moist forests
In
—
on
Widespread in
5601
Bas
1971,
1
Gelder
&
de
a
d:
n
6.1X.
Fuji, Yoshoba-gu-chi,
18.X.1955,
E N
G
L
A N
1964,
1983, Pegler
3519
Co.
1.
Notes:
and
A
2.
it
is
Kuyper
4393.
of.I.
Wood
of
Fr.
1963, Bas
suggests that both
various parts
different
two
Serra
of
species
or
L
A
I
D:Tavastia
N
N
I
D
Marao,
William,
Breda,
Ardennes,
Yarenashi
do
Fort
of I.
(IB).
81.399
11.VII.
Waveren;
A: Uttar
Mt.
Pref.,
Amarante-
Forest,
Nevis
Rannoch, 24.1X.1983, Kuyper
79.433 (neotype
Moser
Sanctuary,
F I N
Honshu,
Invernessshire,
co.
Denekamp,
van
BELGIUM:
praetermissa, H).
JAPAN:
Black
Moser
1981,
1293.
PORTUGAL:
N D:
America,
2425.
calamistrata, design, mihi,
UNITED
STATES:
3275.
of
Agaricus calamistratus
names
refer
did
Europe
not
infraspecific
to
the
give
Fr.:
taxon;
same
reason
any
to
taxa.
Considering the variability in the smell of various collections of I. calamistrata,
likely
seems
only
that
Inocybe geraniodora
Inocybe
1955
mucidiolens Grund
var.
minor variant without
a
2.
84.
A
in North
5.V1.1960, Kits
&
Forres, 17.1X.1957(K).
(K).
L
15.1X.
Wildlife
Lasch:
the existence of
assume
Bas
1979,
1 .IX.
material from
representative
brown
Noord-Brabant:
comparison between the protologues
hirsutus
A.
—ScoT
Slattagardet,
Michigan, Ogenaw Co., Ogenaw
Fr.
Q
(extreme) apex
at
Overijssel,
5.V11. 1958
prov.
1023 &
D:
Perthshire, Rannoch,
Smaland, Femsjo,
EN:
Smaland, Femsjo,
IB);
(K).
Dennis
18.1X.1983, Kuyper 2399;
D
only present
prov.
71011;
Kleuver
16.V111.
Pradesh, Mussooree, Oak-villa,
E
/um,
Cheilocystidia
June-Sept.
australis, Tammela, Mustiala, 30.V111.1867,Karsten (holotype
S w
5.3-5.9
x
absent.
rather nutrient-poor soil; associated with
Vorden,
1967, Janseir, Nuenen, 15.1X.1979, Noordeloos
Real,
bongardii,
var.
thin-walled, sometimes with
NETHERLANDS:
EXAMINED.
Champion, without date, Huijsman.
Vila
10.5-12.3
average
Europe, also occurring
Uncommon in the Netherlands.
14. VIII.
bongardii
I.
Pleurocystidia
4-spored. Caulocystidia
pm,
Picea.
19.V111.1941,Huijsman; prov.
Staverden,
of
cheilocystidia.
Pinus, and
Japan.
on
/urn,
(broadly) cylindrical,
/urn,
8-10
x
& DISTRIBUTION.
Alnus,
India and
to
5.0-6.0(-6.5)
x
1986
reminding
or
1.8-2.3, smooth, subphaseoliform.
=
3,
Vol.
Taste indistinct.
somewhat fishy.
Spores (9.5—) 1_0.0— 13.5(—14.0)
=
a—Suppl.
Persooni
(inval.,
Art.
SELECTED ICONES.
Inocybe
J. Favre
geraniodora
autonomous
in
geraniodora
Ergebn.
gracilenta
var.
&
I did
J. Favre
—
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
J.
Favre
in
in Mycologia
Stuntz
status.
Ergebn.
not
study
Figs.
5-6
NatParks,
wiss.
N.F.
5: 200.
schweiz.
Unters.
62: 929 (1970)
the type, however.
1955.
NatParks,
N.F.
5:
3,
5.
34.1, 36.1).
—
J.
Favre
in
Ergebn.
wiss.
Unters.
NatParks,
schweiz.
N.F.
5:
pi.
6,
f.
1955.
Pileus 7-12
mm,
conical
to
convex,
brown, recurvately squarrose around
velipellis
not
observed.
ochraceous brown
equal, solid,
flocculose
brown,
at
not
absent.
Spores
very
apex,
to
Lamellae,
=
brown,
downwards
on
12.0—14.0(—15.0)
1
=
appressedly
6.0-7.0
to
pileus
or
even
reminding
average 13.0
x
6.5
dark
Stipe
18-40
somewhat
Q
=
x
margin;
darker,
1.9-2.1, Q
but
=
adnate,
2-2.5
Context in
of Pelargonium,
yum,
chololate-
rather broadly
recurvately squamulose.
Smell strong,
fim,
whitish.
to
fibrillose towards
l(-3), ventricose,
subflocculose,
concolorous with
exposure.
x
umbonate, dark sepia-brown
18-21,
rusty brown; edge
dark
reddening
L
not
disc, coarsely appressedly
mm,
white-
stipe
dark
sometimes
2.0, smooth,
K
Fig.
5.
Inocybe geraniodora.
Fig.
6.
Inocybe
regular
mutata.
—
u
E
Inocybe
r:
in
Europe
I
37
Spores, cheilocystidia (from lectotype
—
Spores, cheilocystidia (from
of I.
3186).
Bas
HABITAT
apex of
at
& DISTRIBUTION.
—
In
from Switzerland.
Aug.-Sept.
COLLECTIONS
4.IX.1942
Favre
il Foss
and
EXAMINED.
(lectotype
v
Notes:
schweiz.
1.
Jr
Kt.
2
stipe,
similar
SWITZERLAND:
—
_
design.
geraniodora,
of I.
alt.
2250
N.F.
6:
var.
Mus. 24:
and lacks
geraniodora
496
69
a
or
I.
'
-
18:
(Pers.) Quel,
(1904),
(1872).
to
seems
based
on
Horn
the
Lake
and
According
these
taxa to be
United States
Douglas
Lake,
come
to
the
not
(Michigan,
J.
close
to
mutatus
description
Kuyper,
(authentic
Irlet
Favre
context.
9-11
/xm,
less
somewhat
x
9-14
4-spored.
slender.
G);
Val
material
81.147
of
between
geraniodora
wiss.
(in Ergebn.
could be
I.
Fuorn,
it
(BERN).
37.1).) differs
It
God
Minger,
an
in
Unters.
being larger
odourless
form
J. Favre.
I.
mutata
Peck
in
(Peck)
Ann.
this latter
Mass.
Rep.
species is
N.
in
Ann.
Y.
State
more
robust
examine the
but studied another collection
type,
Cheboygan
30.VI. 1963, Bas 3186).
conspecific.
&
1981,
Art.
geraniodora
Agaricus
distinctive smell. I did
4. VIII.
(inval.,
or
x
Graubiinden, Ofenpass,
Kt.
Monthoux
depauperata
1960
587.
paler, absence of smell and reddening
Inocybe
cheilocystidia
19.VIII.1951, Favre
m,
40-52
associated with dwarfish Salix. Known
,
o
Inocybe geraniodora
NatParks,
to
alpine vegetation;
Bern, Oberaar, Gletschervorfeld,
°f either I. cervicolor
Bot.
_
Alp Minger,
gracilenta, G);
and
geraniodora).
slightly phaseoliform. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia (37)—39—49(—51)
to
Caulocystidia only present
var.
P
cylindrical, sometimes cylindricoclavate, thin-walled. Basidia
Mm,
Sur
Y
County,
Further
Rucis
Bog
between
investigations might
Burt
show
38
P
E
so
r
i A—Suppl.
on
3,
Vol.
3. Inocybe cervicolor (Pers.) Quél.
Agaricus
Fung.:
95.
Pers.,
cervicolor
Inocybe
relicina
Inocybe
hirsuta
sensu
M.,
—
f.
Ic.
sel.
Pileus 6-40
Pers.,
A.
Fung.
Alessio, Iconogr.
Lange,
J.
small
pi.
88.
29:
x
to
2-5
tinges; edge
mm,
brown
context,
rather
J.
—
1980
equal
most
soon
to
to
slightly
swollen
in
so
in
lower half.
reddish
brown
Spores (10.0-)10.5-14.5(-15.0)
Q
=
1.5-2.2, Q
Cheilocystidia
Figs.
8. from
7-8.
=
1.6-2.0,
(33—)35—60(—62)
Inocybe
8,
Fl.
Mos.
&
f.
4.
1804.
31,
f.
dan.
agar.
Jiilich,
convex
young,
cervicolor.
Kuyper 2152).
—
pi. 107,
at
on
Fr.,
—
2.
pi.
3:
x
x
1877.
finally
with
at
114F.
not
a
on
or
only
—
2:
Konr.
hirsuta).
I.
f.
2.
1985.
indistinctly
on
contrasting
in
to
tinges
youngest
in
stipe.
rather
=
at
often
tinge,
with
23-106
base, pale brown
because
of
underlying
downwards
specimens,
Smell
25-60,
narrowly
damage. Stipe
attenuate
reddish
vinaceous, especially
very
strong,
fibrillose,
fugacious.
disagreeable,
smell, often also bitterish.
(6.0—)6.5—8.0(—8.5)
smooth, regular,
9—15(—16)
(as
1938
faint olivaceous
(sub)flocculose,
apex
present
as
relicina).
squamules
coarse
red-brown
becoming
half,
Hymenomyc.
sel.
I.
6/4-6/6] background. Lamellae, L
mixed with
Cortina
to
1.
Basidiomyc.: pi. 9,
plano-convex,
or
Ic.
(as
1911
Farbatl.
base, but sometimes
age
lower
f.
with dark brown [7.5 YR 4/3, 3/3] squamules
Y
sordid brown,
so
2:
1938.
pi.
Lange,
—
musty, reminding of old wine-casks. Taste
/um,
3: 80.
flocculose, white, but
conspicuously
pale
Flymenomyc.
broad, often subventricose, rather broadly
mm
[7.5 YR 6/6, 5/6, 4/6],
coarsely
Context
Enchir.
1911.
brownish buff [2.5
or
brown
adnate, yellowish
reddish
(Pers.) Quel.,
cervicolor
1931.
Ic. sel.
scales around centre, outwards with rather
brownish
1-3, slightly thickish, 2-5
=
7-8
Figs.
Inocybe
—
Rick., Blatterpilze: pi.
—
7.
Fr.,
Fung.:
rar.
1928.
pi.
112.
conical, conico-convex,
mm,
recurvate
ochraceous
1
1801.
537.
sensu
dan.
agar.
pict.
bongardii).
mycol.
1:
Fl.
Ic.
umbonate, with involute margin when
or
325.
bot. Zbl. 48:
Beih.
Rick., Blatterpilze:
—
(as
1877
1.
in
Agaricus bongardii
—
sensu
SELECTED ICONES.
&
Sing,
corrubescens
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
107,
Fung.:
meth.
—
1886.
Inocybe
pi.
Syn.
1986
/um,
not
gm,
cylindrical
Spores, cheilocystidia
(7.
on
average
phaseoliform.
from
to
10.9-13.8
x
Pleurocystidia
6.7-7.8
absent.
slenderly clavate, thin-walled,
authentic
material
of I.
corrubescens;
K
often with reddish-brownish
brownish
known
& DISTRIBUTION.
the
r:
E
p
Inocybe
Basidia 41-49
contents.
near
39
I
Europe
in
10-12
x
Under frondose and coniferous
—
Netherlands,
in
widespread
Central
cheilocystidia.
to
trees
Europe,
on
calcareous soil, also
Hitherto
mugo.
sometimes with
4-spored,
pm,
apex, similar
Associated with Fagus, Picea, and Pinus
vegetation.
from
Y
Caulocystidia only present
contents.
HABITAT
in alpine
U
not
with
certainty
from North
reported
once
America. June-Sept.
COLLECTIONS
Tirol,
EXAMINED.
Achenwald
2169.
near
BELGIUM:
—
FRANCE:
—
6.IX.1982, Kuyper
Namur,
prov.
Ave
2152
AufTe,
et
4471,
Eifel, Gerolstein, Papenkaule,
21.VIII.1980,
16.IX.1956,
Rosemont, 24.IX.1946, Huijsman 83', Puy
Vallee de
GERMANY:
1981,
22.VI.
Schreurs
23. IX.
de
Bas
Kuyper
1089
Dome, Martignat,
1980, Kuyper 1475',
Adige, Trento,
Alto
Caucasus,
Fribourg,
1937,
Bulle,
21.VIII.
Kt. Luzern, Willisau,
be
only
can
completely
are
can
be
with
Gocciadoro, 26.IX.1981, Kuyper
material
of 1.
corrubescens,
1984, Kuyper
17.IX.
identical in
dark
4.
and
Agaricus
5:
770.
in
Inocybe
Mem. Soc. Emul.
absistens
Syll. Fung.
Agaricus
—
gratus
Inocybe
Inocybe
(~
Britz.
5:775.
habit,
in
Ber.
in
grata
pisciodora
Kt.
bongardii (Weinm.) Quel.
and
characters.
Both
species
cervicolor
ochraceous brownish
intermediate
no
ross.
pileus
specimens have
obs.: 190.
Inocybe
—
1836.
—
Inocybe bongardii
1872.
absistens
Augsburg
27:
155.
1883.
mycol.
5:
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Smell
Smell
sweet,
(Weinm.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Donadini
sensu
reminding
initially
as
1. The
—
Inocybe fallaciosa (Britz.)
1883.
30.
& Riousset
in
Quel,
sensu
Docs
in
5: 111.
mycol. 5(20):
Mem.
obs.:
ross.
185.
Fr.,
Ic. sel.
TO
of flowers
leaves of
Hymenomyc.
Soc.
5.
Emul.
of
synonymy of A.
as
pi. 107,
THE VARIETIES OF
later
more or
bongardii
type-material
non
A.
gratus
Schum.
1975.
Montbeliard,
f.
1.
1877
(=
I.
II,
ser.
5:
319.
1872
cervicolor).
I. BONGARDII
Impatiens glandvlifera
Pelargonium,
the original
protologues,
2:
1836,
1887.
erubescens).
Notes:
0
I.
to
5: 319.
1882.
4.
Ver.
naturw.
Rev.
KEY
'•
Montbeliard, ser. II,
Weinm., Hymenomyc. Gasteromyc. Imp.
Agaricus bongardii
'•
D:
1965, Huijsman',
1887.
EXCLUDED: Inocybe bongardii
I.
UNION:
bongardii (Weinm.) Quél.
Britz., Dermini Siidbayern:
Inocybe connexifolia Gillet
1803.
SOVIET
&2.IX.
near
1887.
Agaricus fallaciosus
Sacc.,
1957
1957,
—I TALY:
Odourless forms of I.
Hitherto
Agaricus bongardii Weinm., Hymenomyc. Gasteromyc. Imp.
Quel,
13.VI.
olfactory
respects.
slender
squamules.
been encountered.
close
very
microscopical
relatively
its
contrasting, (very)
comes
macroscopical
on
—
28.VI.
Miillenborn
SWITZERLAN
—
—
2547.
(Pers.) Quel,
separated
recognised by
(Weinm.)
1851.
LE).
1976,Bas 7001; Jura, Rochefort, Ducommun,
Note: I. cervicolor
and
Parco
(authentic
Vasilieva
1409.
26.IX.1956,
&
Gerolstein,21.IX.1980,A'u>'per/450;HundsbachnearGerolstein,26.IX.1980,X'u>'per/49/.
prov.
568',
2156', Rosskogel, 7.IX.1982, Kuyper
&
Roptai,
Le
dpt. Doubs, Lougres, 9.IX.1956, Huijsman
Huijsman', Belfort,
Huijsman.
Niederosterreich, Mariazell,
AUSTRIA:
—
Achenkirch,
less
and A.
does
or
overripe
pears
—
'
fishy
gratus i§ based
not
seem
to
exist.
bongardii,,
var.
var.
on
pisciodora,
a
p.
40
p. 41
comparison
40
P
Contrary
1981)
I
also
Agaricus bongardii
SELECTED ICONES.
723.
1930.
Phillips,
R.
—
Konr.
Fl.
Lange,
J.
—
Weinm.
—
few
a
1986
bongardii
M.,
Ic.
sel.
3:
pi.
dan.
agar.
149.
this
latter
known
in
both
species.
robustness and
as
intergradation
much
too
are
237, 238.
of I. bongardii,
synonyms
excludes
surface
47:
Mykol.
to
be reliable
varieties,
for
can
unequivocally.
bongardii
var.
Inocybe connexifolia
&
Z.
as
other characters such
which
variants,
Schimm.:
Paddest.
3,
Vol.
Bresinsky (in
smooth pileal
be determined
always
not
&
Stangl
these characters show
identification. Odourless
reason
A—Suppl.
I
on
differ in
4.1. I.
—
of
rather
pileal covering. However,
that
so
absistens and A. fallaciosus
cervicolor. The
2. The two varieties
for
r
assertions
consider both A.
of I.
not
the
to
e
Gillet
Fung.
1:
114E.
1938.
1981.
87.
pi.
Mos.
—
10
Fig.
—
1928.
Jiilich,
&
—
Bres., Iconogr.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
mycol.
pi.
29:
pi.
Basidiomyc.:
Farbatl.
pi.
15:
6.
1980.
10.
f.
1.
1985.
Pileus 11-45
with
margin
mm,
campanulate,
involute when
pinkish tinges,
in
more
observed.
Lamellae, L
not, rather
or
a
red-brown
to
brownish
at
or
squamulose
broadly
greyish tinge,
on
on
age
Smell strong, sweet,
Spores
=
colourless
at
present
or
HABITAT
Bunnik,
Arnolds
&
red
to
prov.
2607.
3. VI.
—
Bois
de
1979,
Kuihan.
FRANCE:
jum,
Basidia
—
Famennes,
—
often
with
clavate
especially
in
subbulbous,
to
base,
near
specimens,
young
red
orange
flocculose
fugacious.
so.
glandulifera, ethyl cinnamate, or overripe
39-51
subphaseoliform.
6.7-8.6
x
Pleurocystidia
with
mostly
abundant
4-spored.
/urn,
pm,
absent.
with
slenderly clavate, thin-walled,
to
trama
10-13
x
12.3-14.0
average
on
/urn,
to
cylindrical
exceptionally
s:prov.G
Breukelen, 9.X.1955,
Bas
Achenwald
Bois de
26.IX.
Montes
Foret
de
also
Fagus, Quercus, Carpinus, Corylus,
refractive
Caulocystidia
only
5427 ;
near
1974,
van
prov.
Z
1
e
d
e
1
r
e
a
n
der
Planina,
1981,
d,Doetinchem,X.1936,
10764
1
a
n
1974,
Bas
&
1.IX.1956, Daams;
Schreurs
615 &
&
19.IX.
6351,*3. IX. 1974,
d, Walcheren,
Achenkirch, 6.IX.1982, Kuyper
3.IX.
Wide-spread
June-Oct.
Zeist, 6.1XA953, Reijnders
25.VIII.
e
under coniferous trees,
and Picea.
clay.
on
Geesleranus
Voorschoten,
Resteigne,
Stara
Maas
3.IX. 1961, Schiilz;
IX.
2155.
—
1968,
Jansen
1937, Huijsman
B
Vellinga 391\
E
L
G
prov.
I
II
M:
Namur,
Laan\ Dourbes, Tiene-au-Pauquis, 1.X.1984,Kuyper
inter
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
Loudrefing,
lower half,
Under frondose,
782\ Maarssen,
Tirol,
BULGARIA:
in
N ETHERLAND
Luxembourg, Resteigne,
Rochefort,
not
broad, ventricose
distinct.
Zuid-Holland:
AUSTRIA:
velipellis
over;
mm
cinnamon-brown,
or
in the Netherlands in alluvial forests
—
10.VIII. 1973, Arnolds
—
buff
equal,
mm,
Hymenophoral
Noordeloos\ Oostvoorne, 29.IX.1970,
1404.
all
cheilocystidia.
Utrecht:
prov.
3-9
(6.0-)6.5-9.0
10-18
x
scarce.
very
not uncommon
320\
mixed with
pale vinaceous, exceptionally only (very) faintly
or
not
x
contents.
& DISTRIBUTION.
prov.
x
1.5-1.9, smooth, regular
=
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Schweers\
brownish
of flowers of Impatiens
calcareous soil. Associated with
Europe,
only indistinctly umbonate,
crowded, 2-7
fibrillose. Cortina present
pinkish
to
apex, similar
or
brownish buff often
minutely squamulose
or
moderately
red-brown
more
irregularly
red-brown
sometimes
hyphae,
in
23-100
Stipe
reminding
Q
not
or
slightly olivaceous-tinged brown; edge flocculose, white, turning
(1,1.0—)1 L5-16.5(-17.0)
1.4-2.1 (-2.2),
1-3,
=
narrowly adnate,
to
Cheilocystidia (42—)43—62(—70)
on
1
but sometimes absent. Taste
pears,
Q
tomentose,
to
30-45,
pinkish buff,
discolouring
Context
=
damage.
downwards
apex,
plano-convex,
to
ochraceous brownish
with almost concolorous to somewhat darker brown appressed scales,
centre
outwards
convex
young,
pagos
Banja
et
Obsor,
Bohemia, karlstejn,
Fenetrange, Moselle,
20.VIII.
1955,
Bas
haud
procul
3.IX.1960,
834\ dpt.
Rt
Bas
Emone,
2070.
—
Doubs, Lougres,
K
12.VIII.1956, Huijsman
GERMANY:
26.IX.1980, Kuyper
man;
Vanel,
Villaret,
4339
Eifel,
31 .V.
—
Y
P
E
R:
19.IX.1956,
&
Gerolstein,
1494.
U
Inocybe
Europe
in
41
I
1108; Vaucluse,
Bas
Papenkaule,
23.IX.
SWITZERLAND:
1980,
Lammsberg
Murs,
near
27.X.1974,
1467;
Kuyper
Eifel,
Bas
near
6498.
—
Kyllburg,
Schiipfheim, 13.VIII.1955, Huijs-
1965, Huijsman; Fenin, 3.X.1968, Huijsman 68.231; Planeyse, 17.VIII.1965, Huijsman;
11/VIII. 1961, Huijsman.
Note: Odourless
of refractive
variants
in the
hyphae
are
the
at
same
hymenophoral
time characterised
trama
and the
not or
by
the
lack
(almost)
only slightly reddening
context.
4.2.
I.
bongardii
pisciodora (Donadini
var.
Fig.
Inocybe pisciodora Donadini &
Agaricus
MISAPPLIED
SELECTED
Inocybe: pi.
Mos.
&
NAME.
ICONES.
35,
f.
Jiilich,
1.
margin
(as
I.
Basidiomyc.: pi.
when
Figs. 9-10. Inocybe bongardii.
kuyper 2155).
15:
subrubescens).
campanulate,
involute
Britz.?
sensu
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
1931
convex
young,
—
—
10,
at
R.
Heim,
pi. 732,
1975
Genre
f.
1.
comb. &
stat.
nov.
(basionym).
grata
(Weinm.-»)
Inocybe:
1930
(as
293.
grata).
I.
29:
pi.
Sacc.?
1931.
9.
R.
1980
Heim,
(as
I.
Genre
grata).
1985.
plano-convex,
first
5.
Inocybe
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
f. 2.
or
Riousset) Kuyp.,
mycol. 5(20):
Docs
Inocybe subrubescens
Farbatl.
Pileus 15-42
mm,
with
in
Riousset
Agaricus fallaciosus
absistens Britz.?
&
9
almost
Spores, cheilocystidia
not or
whitish
(9.
from
to
only indistinctly umbonate,
pale
isotype
creamy
of
I.
buff,
pisciodora;
on
10.
age
from
42
P
discolouring
to
3-5
brownish
slighly
brown
to
at
upwards, flocculose
rather
specimens,
not
red-brown
faint,
fishy,
absent.
damage. Stipe 27-65
=
with
of
refractive
HABITAT
Febr.-April (in
1722. —F
R
A
c E:
N
Romagnesi).
Y
:
prov.
Rubers
S.
Antonia, V.1900,
Parco
10-14
x
in
an
summer
can
Mr
be
J.C.
much
pale
somewhat
to
trees.
the Mediterranean Region),
8911;
prov.
contents.
to
Hymenophoral
Bohemia,
Associated
only
di
near
near
Bresadola
(authentic
material
Kt.
7.1V.
1984, Kuyper
localities
17.V 11.1981,
land, Wassenaar,
Srbsko,
Maillane,
Wald,
of I.
prov.
2506.
Luzern, Menzberg,
Quercus,
two
July-Oct.
Karßtejn,
Haunstetter
Bibbona,
with
Gelderland,Buren,
prov.
Augsburg,
this
to
7.1X.
3. VIII.
grata
Pisa,
1 .IV.
1972,
of.I.
pisciodora,
Riousset
1982, Kuyper
sensu
Bres., S);
(herb.
2087.
prov.
Alto
Rossore, 6.1 V.1984, Kuyper
S.
SWITZERLAND:
20.1 X.1984,.1984,
1.1X.1943,.1943,
1981, Kuyper
Enderle;
Kt.
Schupfheim,
Ticino, Serpiano,
are
nothing is
and
var.
Young
Pelargonium-sme ll
and
is
only
letter that I.
a
an
infraspecific
known about the
pisciodora,
specimens
a
generally
Europe.
more
No
robust
taxonomic
difference, however.
species, but
bongardii
7.1-7.8
x
known from
and
Zuid-Hol
Bavaria,
Donadini affirmed in
related.
13.0-15.2
2586.
given
Although
var.
or
4-spored. Caulocystidia
pm,
and autumnal variants from West and Central
autonomous
3.
of
base
young
cylindrical, cylindrico-clavate
Notes: 1. Vernal variants from the Mediterranean Region
2.
in
present
fishy, often mixed with
more
Europe, only
Gocciadoro, 26.1X.1981, Kuyper 1853;
Livorno, Marina
26.1X.1984, Kuyper
value
clavate
from
reddish-brownish
to
pale
white,
equal, slightly
reddish brown
average
pm,
(MARS); dpt. Bas-de-Rhone,
Donadini
Goberwald, 26.1 X.1953, Huijsman;
than
mm,
to
Fontainebleau, X. 1937, Huijsman; Porquerolles, 20.11.1974 (isotype
GERMANY:
Adige, Trento,
2503;
1-3, moderately
almost free,
edge flocculose,
reddish-brownish
or
37-57(-60)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
420.
on
pm,
(8—)9— 18(—22)
x
NETHERLANDS:
11.1X.1982,
&
PC); ibidem, 3.111.1980,
L
later
Under frondose and coniferous
& DISTRIBUTION:
1624
Huijsman
A
=
sometimes absent. Taste indistinct
6.5-8.5(-9.0)
x
Basidia
hyphae.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
T
1
to
cheilocystidia.
to
in the Netherlands.
I
3-9
discolouring
Pelargonium,
and Pinus. Widespread
Castanea, Alnus, Picea,
Kuyper
30- 80,
tinges;
x
fibrillose
appressedly
1.8-2.0, smooth, regular, exceptionally subphaseoliform. Pleurocystidia
Cheilocystidia (33—)39—76(—77)
apex, similar
at
to
scaly; velipellis present
fibrillose. Cortina
irregularly
slenderly utriform, thin-walled, with colourless
trama
=
discolouring
young,
bongardii,
var.
(12.0—)12.5—16.5(—17.0)
1.7-2.1(-2.2), Q
=
in
as
L
olivaceous
faint
when
leaves
as
appressedly
never
slightly bitterish.
Spores
Q
component
sweet
or
but
Context white, then
fugacious.
1986
ventricose, narrowly adnate
downwards
apex,
3,
Vol.
persisting. Lamellae,
with
on
base, whitish
at
I a—Suppl.
N
slightly
finally
vinaceous. Smell when fresh
a
O
brownish orange, almost smooth
or
to
brown,
attenuate
discolouring
or
O
sometimes rather
broad,
mm
greyish
to
S
woolly-squamulose,
more
specimens,
young
crowded,
R
ochraceous, brown
when young, later
in
E
smell of
in I. calamistrata (Fr.: Fr.) Gillet.
of
overripe
taxon
composition
I consider it
var.
pisciodora
very
pisciodora
pears.
of I.
cannot
of the
olfactory
likely that they
often possess
Both smells
be considered
bongardii.
can
a
are
substances
chemically
mixture
also
of
a
be observed
Inocybe
KIIVPER:
sectio
Inocybe
Agaricus
Quel,
in
—
(illegitimate,
1838
15: 728.
rimulose,
or
About 20
5:
1916.
180.
(Fr.) Sacc.
35.2.).
Art.
Holotype: Agaricus
—
squamulose
not
43
I
Inocybe
—
(illegitimate,
1872
contents; basidia
cyanophilic
without
DISTRIBUTION.
crypt. I,
Fl. ital.
rimose
radially
cheilocystidia
174.
Europe
Rimosae
Montbeliard, ser. II,
Emul.
Rimosae (Fr.) Sacc.,
Pileus
Fr., Epicrisis:
III. Rimosae
Mem. Soc.
in
3.
35.2.).
Art.
Rimosae
(Fr.)
Inocybe
—
sect.
rimosus Bull.: Fr.
squarrulose; metuloid cystidia absent;
or
< 3.5.
slender, Q
not
distributed world-wide.
species
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SECTIO RIMOSAE
'•
Context
in
lower
discolouring
stipe
of
half
red,
pinkish
to
vinaceous
Context
2.
not
or
hardly discolouring
Basidiocarps
white
on
exposure
(muscarin probably
pale ochraceous, becoming
to
present
to brick-red
orange
in
Spores
4.
turning
not
on
scaly
50
nm
50
not
11.0
5.5—7.0(—7.5)
x
/um,
Q
=
(1.3—)1.4—1.7; pileus
I.
/urn,
Q
=
(1.8—)
Stipe
at
apex
Stipe
at
apex
with
tinges
violaceous
when young,
margin only
towards
all, straw-yellow
to brownish
often
indistinctly
persisting
rimulose
Pileus
ochraceous;
Pileus
not
margin distinctly rimose,
towards
velipellis;
7.
in
without
in
Pileus
with
only
with
an
smell
3.
Spores
on
average
velipellis,
soon
ochraceous
reminiscent
Cheilocystidia slenderly cylindrical,
10.
Cheilocystidia
11.
clavate to
Spores regular,
not
Stipe
violaceous
12.
Stipe
whitish
p.
rimosa,
of acorns
to
smell
dark
p.
61
and
often
p. 59
brown;
rimosa,
I.
55
under
squamata,
Pileus
to
Pileus
/rm
broad
j.
p.
61
more
I.
j
flavella,
p. 53
I.
reisneri,
p. 47
to
a
I. quietiodor,
minority regular.
orange-brown;
smell
honey-like;
spores
5.0 pm broad
ochraceous
average
15
pale yellowish
straw-yellow
less than
less than
hardly phaseoliform.
Spores distinctly phaseoliform,
13.
at
pyriform.
or
12.
13.
60
less than 6.0 pm broad.
10.
11.
tinges
yellow;
conspicuously umbonate, radially rimose, yellow
or
rimulose
disappearing
/■
spermatic
p.
arenicola,
I.
indistinct
umbo, radially rimulose,
without
Pileus
58
around centre.
brownish
sourish
9.
p.
coastal dunes
other habitats
or
persisting.
9.
mimica,
not
or
I.
8.
59
more
vinosistipitata,
I.
tinges.
conspicuous velipellis
Pileus
8.
p.
centre.
without violaceous
Pileus with
than
2.3(—2.5); pileus
1.9
I.
6.
7.
6.0-8.0(-9.0)
x
smaller
squamata,
mm
scaly around
6.
44
broad.
mm
than
Pileus
p.
centre.
Spores 12.0—18.0(—18.5)
5.
4.
than 6.0
around
Spores (8.5—)9.0—
5.
from
erubescens,
to brick-red.
orange
more
average
Pileus
and/or
age
I.
Basidiocarps
3.
species).
all
with
damage
2.
adaequata, P-45
I.
,
'•
(muscarin
purplish
or
absent)
than
brown
I.
to dark
5.0 /im broad
reddish brown;
smell
of
on
I.
48
average
cookei,
Tuber;
P-
p.
spores
maculata, p.
49
on
52
44
a—Suppl.
Persooni
5.
erubescens
Inocybe
3,
Vol.
1986
Blytt
Fig. 11
Inocybe
Blytt
erubescens
Inocybe
319.
Rick.,
lateraria
MISAPPLIED
NAMES.
in
Rostrup
&
mycol.
Annls
Vademecum
Vid. Selsk.
161.
Pilzfr.: 75.
Inocybe bongardii
—
in
3:
Agaricus
749.
1930.
115E.
1981.
trinii
—
—
rubescens
var.
17-70
Konr.
sensu
&
Pat.,
Julich,
Inocybe:
Genre
Farbatl.
Ic.
M.,
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
Mos. &
—
Heim,
R.
1938.
Pileus
flesh-colour,
slightly
Tab.
Quel,
to
=
1
60-80,
Fung.
pi.
27,
mycol.
29:
Basidiomyc.: pi.
1:
Mem.
to
disc,
at
=
brick-red
outwards
Soc.
pi.
19.
5 f.
I.
with
age
1905.
Emul.
Montbeliard,
II,
ser.
5:
to
almost free,
at
1985
from
or
red-brown
to
without
but
orange
on
more
downwards
longitudinally
whitish
slightly
to
or
25-110
Stipe
marginate bulb,
brick-red,
to
damage.
less
white
as
pinkish-tinged,
smell.
11.
Inocybe
to
pileus,
(all
mm
very
hardly
erubescens.
—
or
Phillips,
to
damage,
Paddest.
15:
dan.
agar.
Schimm.:
pi.
3:
149.
patouillardii).
margin
very
when
smooth and
or
young,
then
pale ochraceous, turning
absent
not
mycol.
Fl.
or
sometimes
even
indistinct. Lamellae,
hardly ventricose, sinuate,
pale pinkish buff, finally greyish brown
edge flocculose, white, becoming
mm,
clavate
to
bulbous
hairy-pruinose
young
discolouring
on
to
11-19
flesh-colour,
minutely flocculose,
specimens, fugacious.
exposure.
orange-
(at base
pale ochraceous, becoming
apex
more as
I.
Lange,
J.
—
inflexed
broad,
or
6-13
at
as
velipellis
fibrillose. Cortina present in
sweetish, reminding of perfumed soap,
Fig.
x
R.
—
Bres., Iconogr.
—
1931.
first white
rimose;
first pale buff
at
1980.
1885.
1925.
28.
conical with
1-3, moderately crowded, 3-5
adnate
156.
86.
1,2, pi.
f.
or
radially
1:
pi.
olivaceous buff, often with flesh-coloured spots;
mm),
to
in
Fung.
anal.
sel.
conico-campanulate
mm,
orange
greasy
narrowly
red
54.
1920.
sensu
plano-convex with straight margin, umbonate,
L
1904(6):
Skr. math.-nat.
1905.
1872.
SELECTED ICONES.
pi.
Blytt
in
Inocybe patouillardii Bres.
Smell
Context
disagreeably
Amanitaphalloides. Taste somewhat similar
Spores, cheilocystidia (from holotype
of I.
patouillardii).
K
Q
Spores (9.5—)10.0—14.5(—15.0)
1.5—2.0(—2.2), Q
=
Cheilocystidia
U
Y
P E
r:
Inocybe
(5.5-)6.0-7.5(-8.0)
x
1.7-1.9, smooth, regular
=
(37-)40-62(-70)
8—14(—16)
x
HABITAT
Basidia 31-46
hyphae.
Caulocystidia only
&
at
DISTRIBUTION.
Associated with Fagus,
in North
similar
apex,
COLLECTIONS
__..
,
v
„
VI.
in
6309 ;
trees
,
15.IX.1956,
E
N
G
L
Verschuren.
1.VI.
,
„
N
A
D:
7. VI.
1959,,
of /.
patouillardii, S).
-■
Konecsni.
.
ITALY:
—
Alto
prov.
4
..
.
-
.
11573 &
i
m
b
Com.
Adige, Trento, Margone, VI.1903,
,
,
w
-
21.VI.1965
Planeyse,
J—,
~
prov.
Bas
29.VI.1956,
u
r
14.VI.1956, Huijsman
HUNGARY:
—
7956',
.,
1951, van derLaan;
1937; Voorschoten, 3.VII.1977,
Bas
Lougres,
Reid.
Sept.
Doetinchem,
Rubers
7. VII.
soil.
occurring
found in
.
SWITZERLAND:
—
1953,
22. VI.
Herfordshire,, Langley Bury,
„
2-spored.
62; Vogelenzang, 30.VI.1974,
Winden
van
once
1981,
,
1480; Heemstede,
Bas
Doubs,
dpt.
FRANCE:
—
trama
calcareous
on
357; Wassenaar, 4.VI.1981, Kuyper 1575, 24.VI.1956, Maas Geesleranus
28.VI. 1972, Bas
blank; Rotterdam, _..
2.VI.1967,
5847; prov. L
, Balke;, Oostvoorne,
,
.
few
a
in Europe, also
June-July,
Neerijnen,
,
Warmond, 14.VI1.1960,
Noordeloos
but
Gelderland:
prov.
1952, Huijsman;
.
7.VII.1958, Daams; Naarden, 25.VI.1972,
Zuid-Holland:
prov.
coniferous
Netherlands.
the
„
,
often
Hymenophoral
contents.
(jin,
absent.
clavate,
slenderly
to
6.1-7.2
x
Pleurocystidia
majority 4-spored,
and
frondose
Noord-Holland: Bloemendaal, 4.VII.1958,
's-Graveland,
in
/urn,
NETHERLANDS:
—
Beek-Bergh,
,
cylindrical
red-brown
or
10.6-13.4
average
Tilia, and Pinus. Widespread
uncommon
EXAMINED.
19.VI. 1949, Huijsman;
.
;um, on
cheilocystidia.
to
Under
—
Quercus,
America, rather
11-14
x
45
i
subphaseoliform.
to
/am,
somewhat flexuose, thin-walled, with colourless
with refractive
Europe
in
„„
&
g,
Linne,
4124.
—
Pest, Gyomro,
(holotype
Bresadola
11.VI.1967, l.V..,
Huijsman;
~
St."
Aubin, 9.VI.1967, Huijsman.
Notes:
has
The
1.
priority
name
the
over
I.
which
erubescens,
Inocybe
name
which
patouillardii
published
was
published
was
on
3
10
on
May
1905,
May of
the
same year.
2. This
3.
Z.
Mykol.
Hercynia
&
contains
species
45:
17:
1979,
for
the Federal
243.
1980,
for
the
Thoen (Distr. Fung. Belg.
5: 767.
Agaricus
deductus
779. 1887.
Britz.,
Agaricus juranus Pat.,
Inocybe
D
ocs
Sacc., Syll.
Dermini
Tab.
32.
Fung.
MISAPPLIED
hun
and
On.
g:
I.
1:
anal.
14:
NAMES.
Britz.
133.
—
ICONES.
pi.
85.
4.
is therefore very toxic.
for
1882.
Kreisel
Republic),
Belgium
Sacc.
by Krieglsteiner (in
Germany),
—
and
Figs.
and
(in
Luxemburg).
12-13
Inocybe adaequata (Britz.)
—
& al.
Heinemann
Sacc., Syll.
21.
1980.
in
—
—
J.
1: 80.
Zbl.
destricta
Bres., Fungi
Boud.,
I.
6:
23.
1886.
1887.
—
—
Inocybe
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
deducta
Inocybe jurana (Pat.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
Inocybe jurana
var.
5:
(Bres.) Quadraccia
rhodiola
1985.
Bot.
Inocybe
(as
Fung.
1882.
5.
68:
111.
1896.
—
Inocybe sanguilenta (Britz.)
Sacc.
&
Syd.
1899.
,
1927
frumentacea).
pi. 20,
—
Siidbayern:
trident.
('1984')
Inocybe frumentacea sensu
SELECTED
of
Democratic
1981,
Siidbayern:
Dermini
rhodiola Bres., Fungi
mycol 14(56):
Agaricus sanguilentus
ln
1: 60.
and
been published
Republic
German
Lux.
muscarin,
1887.
778. 1887.
111
of
have
adaequata (Britz.)
Inocybe
Agaricus adaequatus Britz.,
Eung.
erubescens
95.
6.
5:
great quantities
maps of I.
Distribution
Ic.
mycol.
,
jurana).
Lange,
Mos. &
sensu
Fl.
—
Boud.,
trident.
1:
..
pi.
r
_.
2:
87.
121.
Ic.
mycol.
1906
(as
v
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
agar.
dan.
Jiilich, Farbatl.
3:
pi.
1:
pi.
121.
1906.
1900; Iconogr. mycol.
117E,
Basidiomyc.: pi.
I.
15:
destricta).
15:
117F.
5 f. 2.
pi.
—
,
pi. 724,
193C.
1985
725.
—
(as
725.
Konr.
1930.
&
1930 (as
M.,
I.
Ic.
sel.
rhodiola
Alessio, Iconogr. raycol.
I.
jurana).
46
P
Figs.
12-13.
Inocybe adaequata.
of I.
isoneotype
13. from
Pileus 23-80
distinct
brownish
ochraceous
5/6, 6/6],
at
or
rimulose,
later
3-10
broad,
mm
pileipellis
below, but
at
first white,
[5
YR
3/4,
fibrillose,
apex
in lower half of
as
corn
green
stipe
or
locystidia
to
YR
few
1986
from
authentic
x
or
later
Associated
and
up
then
narrowly
YR
Europe,
forests
also
on
Quercus,
vinaceous
but
Taste
to
or
reminding
=
x
even
refractive
or
to
50-95, 1
occurring
clay
in
yum,
hyphae.
4-12
Under frondose
America,
not
and humus-rich sand. July-Oct.
1-3, crowded,
almost
to
mm,
free, (pale)
subflocculose
equal
near
whitish
in
apical
to
slightly
solid,
apex,
part,
as
spermatic,
as
of smell.
average
9.3-11.5
phaseoliform.
irregularly
discolouring
brown
apical
contents,
scattered
on
calcareous
Corylus.
in
yum,
tending
Q
=
to
9—11(—12)
clustered,
in West
subu-
4-2-septate.
soils, preferably
Widespread
uncommon
x
to
acorns,
absent.'Chei-
sometimes
(29-)30-42(-44)
part,
rotting
5.9-6.7
x
Pleurocystidia
cylindrical, exceptionally
trees
and
appressedly
to
=
purplish red, in pileus pale vinaceous.
Basidia
in
only
Castanea, Fagus,
North
to
fimbriate
YR
dark red-brown from base
upwards
described
reddish
10
fibrillose-rimose
radially
adnate
a
orange-brown,
4/4, 4/6, 5/6,
subflocculose. Context
white,
on
/am,
regular
or
remaining
vinaceous
(8—)9— 17(—20)
—
red,
with
margin,
straight
squamulose
tinge; edge
damage. Stipe 30-100
5/6],
Caulocystidia
& DISTRIBUTION.
with
rhodiola;
of I.
applanate
to
with
pinkish
3/4, 7.5
observed. Lamellae, L
minutely hairy
colourless
with
2-spored.
vinaceous,
2/4,
olivaceous
or
5.5-7.0(-7.5)
x
margin,
cheilocystidia.
HABITAT
material
bulb, sometimes somewhat swollen
1.5-1.8, smooth,
trama
YR
disagreeable, differently
(26-)31-69(-70)
a
5/4,
sickly-sweetish.
=
tinge,
(sub)ventricose,
true
pinkish red,
thin-walled, with
Hymenophoral
spored,
to
9.0—_12.5(—14.0)
Spores
1.5—2.0(—2.1), Q
triform,
4/6, 7.5
to
pinkish red,
to
inflexed
breaking
not
greyish
on age
almost smooth,
somewhat
Smell strong,
a
with
never
discolouring
4/4,
at
3,
smooth around centre, outwards
velipellis
ventricose
white, discolouring red-brown
swollen
purplish
ochraceous [5
somewhat
part;
with
young
with
dark
to
central
not
Vol.
finally plano-convex
spreading,
convex,
sometimes with
yellow-brown,
i a—Suppl.
on
Spores, cheilocystidia (12.
—
margin slightly paler,
scaly, especially in
so
when
sometimes
red-brown,
dark
first
at
mm,
r
adaequata).
indistinct umbo,
to
e
and
the Netherlands
in
yum,
4-
similar
in
parks.
Central
alluvial,
K
COLLECTIONS
3.1X.1972,
de
Vries
&
Y
E
P
Inocybe
r:
&
1977, van
13.V111.
Langezaal,
prov.
Geesteranus
3105
Hoordeloos 414;
1676,
1679\
1677 &
;
Oegstgeest,
Zee
prov.
1955,
30.V111.
1
a
Leiden,
1943,
Bas 804 &
d, Terneuzen,
n
2833; Gronsveld,
Bas
27.V11.
material
I
—
T
14.V111.
Notes:
1.
2. For
1.X.1981, Kuyper
time
Hercynia
&
17:
is occorded
of this
maps
for
the
242.
1980,
for
the
7.
Inocybe reisneri Velen.,
Pileus
18-40
mm,
inconspicuously
Lamellae,
L
ventricose,
soon
3-6
x
=
1:61.
or
lilac,
m ore
Spores
p
to
384.
1
=
been
adnate
in upper
so
Pleurocystidia
Q
b
m
u
g:
r
13.1X.
2072 &
Siebentisch
Lichenol.
2.:
(authentic
Bresadola
1984, Redhead;
Planeyse,
covered
to
7.V111.1965,
at
half,
for
without
=
with
so
at
apex
earth-like. Taste
x
a
species into
these variants
habit
are
of these characters
none
be
can
and
not
by Krieglsteiner
(in
conspecific,
published
—
Kreisel
Germany),
and
Republic),
&
al.
(in
Heinemann
Luxemburg).
and
14
Fig.
23: 4.
1:
1985.
pi.
3.
1984.
with low, broad
thin,
greyish,
of
not
to
early
or
disappearing
broad,
mm
umbo, pale ochraceous
fibrillose-rimulose, but rather
violaceous when
not
young,
or
but
velipellis.
only indistinctly
violaceous
almost concolorous.
tinges
Stipe
immarginately bulbous, solid, violaceous,
brownish
stipe.
tinges
in
fibrillose. Cortina
slightly
5.0-6.0
Cheilocystidia
Persoonia
1979.
est.
or
mixed with
1.7, smooth, regular
absent.
to
apex, downwards
distinctly
in
variable
here
Belgium
Pilze Mitteleur.
base
but
al.
1930; Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
Democratic
1982,
almost free,
at
&
Stijve
of
Republic
1(—3), somewhat crowded, 2-5
(8.0—)8.5—10.0(—10.5)
!
i
Niedersachsen,
Mycol.
J.
Inocybe.
separate
then brown; edge flocculose, whitish
disagreeable,
6-1.8(-1.9)
Maas
1920.
convex,
somewhat broadened
most
Int.
of
regarded
reisneri Velen.
Beitr. Kenntn.
initially
so,
50,
bulb, subflocculose
Pale
in
conical
narrowly
conspicuously
L
1.V111.1982, Kuyper
(cf.
brown, smooth around disc, outwards radially
disappearing,
mm,
prov.
with intermediate characters
have
German
Inocybe
Houby:
Ceske
Stangl
—
or
2.1X.1967,
4.X.1944,
them.
to
Federal
Lux.
725.
to
are
Inocybe insignissima Romagn. in Beih. Sydowia 8: 350.
Inocybe ravaensis Kalamees & Shtshukin in Fol. crypt,
!° alutaceous
Park,
pileipellis. However,
species
1979,
ICON.
&
ERMANY:
subdivide this
to
these variants
reason
Thoen (Distr. Fung.
Belg.
SELECTED
G
Parma, Bedonia,
prov.
species
pi. 724,
15:
frequently specimens
as
95.
45:
1988; Vleuten,
Bas
1982, Kuyper 2079; Augsburg,
muscarin
have tried
and colours of the
status
Distribution
Mykol.
Meijer 577;
de
781.
WITZERLAND:
main differences used
1980). The
basidiocarps
infraspecific
3.
Z.
S
265
Gocciadoro, X.1894,
Parco
1875.
contain
not
mycologists
encountered. For that
even
does
species
sufficiently reliable
is
1982,
2. VIII.
and is considered the sole edible
long
a
3.V11.1960,
adaequata, design. Stangl (in
I.
Adige, Trento,
(Bresadola, Iconogr. mycol.
126-129.
of the
of
Alto
prov.
Y:
Neerijnen,
Breukelen, 10.1X.1967,
t:
2.1X.1960, Huijsman.
This
1985)
two taxa
L
A
Garden,
Huijsman; Valangin,
29:
&
h
c
Geesteranus
Wittelsbacher
Wald,
rhodiola, S); Colomo, X. 1897, Turco-Lazzari(S);
of I.
Botanical
12: 469.
re
1958, Bas 1517; Ridderkerk, 27.V111.1977,
13.V111.1983, Schreurs
Siebentisch
1979, Stangl (isoneotype
1985), L).
Maas
19.V111.
Dissen, 25.V111.1977, Huijsman; Bavaria, Augsburg,
5.V111. 1982,
Kuyper 2113; Augsburg,
Padua,
t
Noord-Holland, Overveen,
prov.
Zuid-Holland:
Linne, 6.X.1962,
Park,
U
prov.
47
Gelderland,
prov.
Laan;
der
*
I
16.1X.1982, Kuyper 2217; Utrecht, 4.1 X.1945, Huijsman
13.V111.1981, Kuyper
23.
Europe
in
NETHERLANDS:
EXAMINED.
de Kleuver 72.100
0
Smell faint
to
lower half,
not
strong,
15-45
most
whitish
observed.
at
Context
somewhat fruit-like
recorded.
/am,
on
average
subphaseoliform
35-60 x 8-14
/am,
9.3-9.7
x
5.5-5.8
but often rather
/am,
Q
indistinctly
=
so.
clavate, sometimes subpyriform, thin-
48
Persooni
Fig.
14.
Inocybe
Fig.
15.
Inocybe quietiodor.
walled, with
at apex,
and
apparently
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
—
reisneri,
I.
insignissima,
PRC).
N
x
9-12
Under frondose
rare
quietiodor).
4-spored. Caulocystidia
only
Associated with
trees.
Castanea and
Fagus.
in Europe, known from the Netherlands, France,
Italy,
Notes:
1.
collections
8.X.
Inocybe
are
to
but
8.
Inocybe quietiodor
max.
Foret
dpt. Doubs,
12.VII.
M.
evaluate its
de
Praha,
1916,
(holotype
of
Carnelle, 20.X.1975, Delaporte (holotype
of
near
Lougres,
22.IX.
1985, Stangl (M).
in
Inocybe
Docs
Inocybe
Bon
(see
—
VII.
Reisner
1955, Huijsman.
I
T
A
L
—
G
Y: prov. Alto
having larger
mycol. 6(24):
sensu
possesses
very
and
more
a
violaceous
—
Fig.
stipe
and
cheilocystidia.
15
1976.
in
Bull,
trimest. Soc.
mycol
Fr.
71:
189.
('1955')
parte.
Pileus 20-41
mm,
when young
broadly
conical with
slightly
indexed
margin,
plano-convex with straight margin, with low, broad umbo, ochraceous buff
yellow,
Adige, Trento,
close
and broader
spores
M. Bon
46.
Kiihner
comes
ERMANY:
with I. reisneri.
Stuntz also
quietiodor
cookei
below)
relationship
Grund &
differs
M. Bon in
—
d'Oise,
Val
Chuchle
1983, Stangl (M).
Inocybe vinosistipitata
MISAPPLIED NAME.
Bohemia,
A:
quietiodor
needed
violaceous lamellae,
pro
I
Wald,
Siebentisch
Gelderland, 29. VIII.1953, Huijs-
ETHERLANDS: prov.
Romagnesi);
herb.
Castagne Calceranica,
2.
—
FRANCE:
—
Bavaria, Augsburg,
at
—
very
CZECHOSLOVAK
I.
to
Basidia 29-38
contents.
insignissima).
of I.
Czechoslovakia. July-Oct.
man.
1956
of I.
cheilocystidia.
to
but
1986
Spores, cheilocystidia (from holotype
—
& DISTRIBUTION.
Widespread
3,
Vol.
Spores, cheilocystidia (from holotype
—
colourless
similar
HABITAT
reisneri.
a—Suppl.
smooth around
disc, outwards radially fibrillose but fibrils only
margin (sub)rimulose,
initially
covered with
a
white
then
to
convex
ochraceous
slightly diverging,
velipellis persisting
around
centre.
K
Lamellae,
L
=
50-55, 1
U
Y P
E
R:
Inocybe
1-3, normally crowded, 3-6
=
mm
49
I'
Europe
in
broad, ventricose
not, narrowly
or
adnate, yellowish brown with greyish tinge, then olivaceous-tinged brown; edge subflocculose,
white.
25-50
Stipe
5-7
x
equal, clavate
mm,
whitish, becoming pale yellowish
at
apex, almost smooth
Context
whitish
to
on
Smell
pale yellowish.
very
submarginately
subflocculose
minutely
to
age,
to
exceptionally
with
10
mm),
apex, downwards indistinctly
at
maculata,
of Lactarius
honey-like
never
solid,
faint violaceous sheen
very
typical, reminding
somewhat farinaceous, sometimes reminding of I.
(to
bulbous
a
fibrillose.
quietus,
I.
as
or
cookei.
Taste indistinct.
Spores 8.0—10.0(—11.0)
__
Q
locystidia
(27—)28—58
with scattered
stipe
HABITAT
COLLECTIONS
20.1 X.1972,
Huijsman.
G
Notes:
1.
B
—
ERMANY:
Inocybe
have
to
published
•n
differ
°n
in
quietiodor
pileus
2.
been confused
and
a
more
More material is
rare
Barvaux,
I.
c
M.
6.VIII.
a
rather nutrient-rich,
calcareous soil.
in
Europe, but apparently
rare,
July-Oct.
prov.
Gelderland:
8915;
prov.
Neerijnen,
Utrecht,
Driebergen,
FRANCE:
—
Orne.
Les
#
recently,
9.1X.
a
1970,
I.
the
as
cookei Bres.
wide
Bright
pileus,
4.IX.
1956,
Bas 5345.
different smell.
slender
more
to
4-spored. Apex
differs from
conical
needed for
9-11
Chei-
tending
pm,
x
1955, Huijsman.
cookei suggests.
acutely
(1.5—) 1.6—1.9,
absent.
quietiodor,, herb. Bon); dpt. Doubs, Lougres,
Bon
until
of I.
=
sometimes
in the Netherlands.
Rubers
spores and
and somewhat
stipe,
on
Eifel, Gerolstein, Munterley,
descriptions
having
trees
,
ELGIOM:
Q
cheilocystidia.
Zoelen, 25.1X.1982,
having larger, non-phaseoliform
seem
Very
/xm,
Pleurocystidia
clavate,
Fagus. Widespread
and
25.IX.1975. Ron (holotvnc
Bellcme.
Huijsman.
33;
5.3-5.7
Basidia 28-39
NETHERLANDS:
EXAMINED.
Noordeloos
to
Under frondose
—
x
slenderly
to
contents.
similar
caulocystidia,
often confused with I. cookei.
10. VIII. 1974,
Chaises.
clavate
/am,
with colourless
& DISTRIBUTION.
average 8.9-9.7
hardly) phaseoliform.
(or
Associated with Quercus, Castanea,
probably
on
jam,
not
10-17
x
subutriform, thin-walled,
of
5.0-6.0
x
1.6-1.8, smooth, regular,
=
range
of
darker
phaseoliform
both
in
species
spore-dimensions
forms of I.
slightly
cookei
var.
However,
maculata
ochraceous
Boud.
tinges
spores.
better evaluation of the relationships
between
I. reisneri Velen. and I. quietiodor.
Inocybe
Inocybe
cookei
Bres., Fungi
kuthanii
? Inocybe
Stangl
armoricana
&
trident.
Veselsky
Heim,
R.
2:
in
Genre
cookei Bres.
Inocybe
9.
17.
1892.
teska Mykol.
Inocybe:
295.
33:
134.
1979,
1931.
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. COOKEI
'■
Pileus straw-yellow
Note:
195.
Judging
1931)
hulb. The
comes
yellow
to ochraceous
Pileus brass-coloured
brown
from the
very
or
var.
orange-brown
armoricana R. Heim
description Inocybe
close but differs in
colour of the
var.
pileus
was
possessing
described
as
an
dark
cookei,
kuthanii,
(Genre
p. 50
p.
51
Inocybe:
equal stipe without marginate
ochraceous.
It
seems
possible
that such
collections indicate that both varieties recognised abpve cannot be separated
unambiguously.
As
refrain from
giving
I
a
have
not
definite
seen
specimens
opinion
on
this
conforming
taxon.
to
Heim's protologue,
50
P
E
9.1.
Inocybe
cookei
91.
1927.
1931.
—
—
—
I. cookei
Fl.
mm,
mycol.
dan.
agar.
Paddest.
16-65
Bres., Fungi
Schimm.:
conical
straight margin,
with
trident.
15:
3:
or
Lamellae, L
centre.
ventricose
not, sinuate,
or
without olivaceous
=
1.6-1.8,
=
(22-)28-42
a
few
x
Smell
x
x
7-9
broadly
jum,
more or
also
occurring
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
14.X.
18.IX.1971,
Figs.
de
16-17.
Kuyper 2534).
M.,
&
Heim,
R.
Ic.
Fung.
sel.
Inocybe: pi.
Genre
mycol.
pi.
29:
Basidiomyc.: pi.
Farbatl.
18.
6.
f.
when young, then
margin
1:
3,
1.
f.
pi.
3.
1980.
1985.
convex
ochraceous yellow, sericeous-
to
hardly diverging,
not or
sometimes
distinct, and then with white velar patches
white.
specimens,
Stipe
to
25-95
mm), whitish
16
to
fugacious.
very
mm
broad,
greyish cinnamon-brown,
x
3-9
mm,
at
base clavate
but white
pale yellowish,
smooth, downwards indistinctly
(almost)
when fresh, but
3-6
crowded,
moderately
reminding
whitish
Context
to
pale
of Amanita phalloides when
n
average
clavate
7.6-8.4
regular.
never
to
less similar
4.5- 4.9
x
pyriform, thin-walled, with
to
=
absent.
Pleurocystidia
trama
Q
pm,
with refractive
(1.4—)1.5—1.9,
Cheilocystidia
colourless
mixed with patent,
cheilocystidia,
contents.
hyphae. Stipe
apex
cylindrical
hairs.
Under frondose trees, apparently also underconifers. Associated
Fagus, Quercus, Castanea,
Bas 2500 &
to
1930.
Konr.
Alessio, Iconogr.
Jiilich,
l-3(-5),
=
745.
—
—
but fibrils
to
4-spored. Hymenophoral
pm,
caulocystidia,
Europe,
pi.
indexed
sometimes
°
phaseoliform,
HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION.—
in
young
honey-like
4.0-5.0(-5.5)
11—18(—22)
caulocystidioid
with
—
&
with
bulbous (bulb
in
present
smooth,
Basidia 22-32
with
15:
1S92.
smell.
Spores 7.0-9.0
Q
Mos.
tinges; edge (sub)flocculose,
yellowish-ochraceous.
as
—
1
40-60,
minutely flocculose,
Taste
17
narrowly adnate, greyish-ochraceous
bulb,
cut.
1986
Fig.
—
1930.
1938.
indistinct
at
Cortina
114A.
121.
748.
radially fibrillose,
marginately
apex
pi.
2:
campanulate
conspicuously
fibrillose.
3,
Vol.
cookei
var.
745,
1981.
to
at
i a—Suppl.
without umbo, straw-yellow
margin (sub)rimulose; velipellis
around
pi.
pi.
149.
or
smooth around disc, outwards
at
on
microsperma Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Iconogr.
Lange,
J.
Pileus
with
Bres.,
Phillips,
R.
var.
ICONES.
—
so
Bres.
Inocybe fastigiata
SELECTED
R
—
and
Corylus, according
in North America,
not
NE THERLAND
s:prov. O
1961, Bas 2511;
;
Kleuver
71.054
Inocybe
cookei.
13.VIII. 1966, Kits
van
to
Bresadola with Picea.
uncommon
v
Waveren\
e
r
prov.
i
in the
j
s
s
e
Widespread
Netherlands. July-Oct.
l:Denekamp. 13.X.1961,
Gelderland:
Apeldoorn,
Doetinchem, 17.VII.1943, Huijsman 202\ Vorden, VIII.1953, Huijsman\
—
Spores, cheilocystidia
(16.
from
holotype
of I.
kuthanii;
17.
from
K
Wageningen,
prov.
N
prov.
L
17.IX.1953,
oord-Braban
Melle,
i
b
m
u
r
w
E
PC);
E
D
Femsjo,
Bas
Z
prov.
e
I
e
5393.
ITALY:
—
Bosseberg,
1.IX.
near
d, Walcheren,
n
1642.
.. .
10.IX.
1939,,
Moser
1400
(IB).
Niedersachsen,
Eifel,
(Fungi
exsiccati
lacking,
I consider
these
discern any important
2. As
on
and
lack
and
growing
older
in
shade,
velar characters
9.2.
This
specimens.
I. cookei
as
Inocybe
kuthanii
Pileus
15-35
3-4
x
Stangl
Q
whitish when
umbo
young,
subbulbous
mm,
in
as
2-10
&
("RM); Slovakia,
Note:
Mykol.
—
Sutovce,
&
33:
134.
been able
do
not
to
&
the
stat.
4
mm
mycelium
velipellis
a
importance
nov.
16
Fig.
—
in
of
(basionym).
radially ftbrillose-rimulose,
to
specimens,
same
possess
overrating
1979
in older
finally plano-convex
bulbous (to
/am,
x
on
7
average
but
applanate,
to
to
distinctly
not
with
brass-coloured
so;
no
broad, sinuate, rather narrowly
mm), solid, whitish, finally brownish,
(11—)12—17(—18)
with
trama
similar
of I.
Veselsky
(in
clavate
trees.
/am,
Q
=
(1.5—)1.6—1.8,
regular. Pleurocystidia
to
absent.
pyriform, thin-walled,
cheilocystidia, only
to
present
at
with
Basidia 22- 33
hyphae.
apex.
Associated with Quercus,
Fagus, and
July-Aug.
kuthanii, PRM);
26.VII. 1975, Kuthan
4.7-4.8
x
scattered refractive
Under frondose
—
/am,
farinaceous.
slightly
7.7-8.3
but sometimes almost
CZECHOSLOVAK
(holotype
Stangl
against
young,
known from Czechoslovakia.
>
Schiipfheim.
finally yellowish brown; edge subflocculose, white. Stipe 30-40
Hymenophoral
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
26.VIII.1975 Kuthan
—
2301,
variable; specimens
very
Veselsky) Kuyp., comb.
when
(4.0—)4.5—5.5
DISTRIBUTION.
Carpinus. Only
—
microsperma
var.
not
in I. striata, pale brown,
orange-brown
4-spored. Caulocystidia
pm,
HABITAT
warning
moderately crowded,
Cheilocystidia (23-)26-44(-45)
contents.
umbonate and
Ceska
1.6-1.8, smooth, subphaseoliform,
colourless
have
from the
apparently
part. Context whitish. Smell faint,
x
I
as
rigid velipellis which persists
&
marginately
to
upper
1404.
protologues.
specimens,
a
(Stangl
campanulate
Spores 7.0-8.5(-9.0)
=
be
Veselsky'in
&
observed. Lamellae
minutely hairy
__
other
smooth around disc, outwards
velipellis
adnate,
a rather
should
conspicuous, subpapillate
brown,
synonyms,
in their
distinctly
are
kuthanii
mm,
mere
specific criterion.
a
var.
as
5, pileal shape is phenotypically
p.
have
whereas
umbo,
an
on
places
sunny
names
discrepancies
noted
already
growing
near
2534.
suecici
SWITZERLAND:
—
near
Wald
Ducommun, 14.X.1969, Huijsman.
Notes: 1. Although type-material of both I. cookei and I.
fastigiata
is
Pelmer
20.VIII.1980, Kuyper
&
1383;
1967, Jansem,
10. IX.
13.IX.1984, Kuyper
Lundell
,
79.438
5890\
_,
_ _
Bas
Parma, Vighini,
19.IX.1947,
,
19.IX.1936, Huijsman
GERMANY:
—
1972,
19.VIII.1980, Kuyper
„
51
1936, Huijsman 1384\ Breda,
prov.
Grytskedsangan,
.
„
I
I
Europe
in
a
15. VIII.
Westfalen, Detmold,
Merkholtz,
near
31.VIII, 1955, Huijsman\
x
Inocybe
r:
Ulvenhout,
t:
Smaland, Femsjo,
N:
E
,,
18.IX.1970,
LUXEMBURG:
P
Neercanne, 28.VII.1981, Kuyper
g,
22.IX.1977, Huijsman\
Gerolstein,
S
Lek;
der
van
U Y
IA:
Moravia, Stary
Klimkovice
near
Podvorov
near
Hodonin,
Ostrava, 24.VIII.1975, Zamecnik
(PRM).
Ceska
Mykol. 33:
134-137.
1979)
asserted
that
kuthanii
I.
in colours
independent species, differing from I. cookei
.
.
°t
was
pileus and
hese
°r
mi
r
stipe,
characters,
that
ght
an
reason
eventually
,
but
except
I
regard
show
also
in
colour
I.
that
cheilocystidia
of the
kuthanii
var.
D
,
its
not
as
pileus,
a
kuthanii
and
were
variety of I.
does
not
habitat.
found
by
only
However,
me
to
cookei, but
deserve
an
be
more
none
of
constant.
material
autonomous
status.
52
P
10.
Inocybe
Inocybe
SELECTED ICONES:
Boud.
10,
mycol.
3, pi.
f.
29:
pi.
12,
Pileus 21-70
to
2.
1980.
16.
Basidiomyc.: pi. 6,
f.
f. 2.
mm,
so
r
1931.
R.
—
sensu
Bull.
Soc.
32: 283.
Lange
J.
bot.
Lange,
J.
—
3,
Vol.
maculata Boud.
Soc. bot. Fr.
brunnea
in
i A—Suppl.
on
Inocybe
Boud. in Bull.
maculata
MISAPPLIED NAME:
pi.
E
Phillips,
Fl.
Dansk
pi.
agar.
Paddest.
—
9,
2.
150.
Schimm.:
when
conical
young
1981.
1917.
Heim,
1938.
—
—
Mos.
conico-convex with inflexed
or
pinkish
Genre
Inocybe:
Alessio,
Iconogr.
Jiilich,
&
Farbatl.
then
margin,
brown, chestnut-brown, date-brown
violaceous sheen, in
or
one
smooth around disc, outwards radially rimulose, fibrils only
interstitial spaces;
but
disc,
often
almost free,
3-7
3-9
mm,
pale greyish
almost
whitish, becoming
but
at
base and
covered
mm
broad,
brown
equal,
or
convex
subbulbous
outer
one
population
=
or
with smell of
raw
x
x
at
or
at
age,
almost smooth,
apex
more
at
bulb
especially
and with small
especially
=
45-80,
up
to
12
to
like Amanita phalloides,
to
30-110
Stipe
mm
wide,
in the middle part,
minutely hairy
whitish
1-3,
=
adnate
narrowly
white.
around
1
minutely
to
(pale) pinkish
rather
hard
buff.
define;
to
potatoes (as Amanita citrina). Taste reminding of smell.
4.5-6.0
gm,
a
on
more
average
8.2-9.8
x
5.0-5.5
Q
gm,
=
minority (almost) regular. Pleurocystidia
(9-)10-25(-26)
apex,
on
fibrillose. Context
Basidia 25-34
clavate, thin-walled, colourless.
2-spored. Caulocystidia only
Lamellae, L
subventricose,
to
dark brown
1.6-1.8, smooth, subphaseoliform, but
Cheilocystidia (25-)27-66(-71)
absent.
slightly diverging
velar patches,
marginately bulbous,
to
or
longitudinally
(7.5—)8.0—10.5(—11.0)
even
white
ventricose
not
side of bulb white,
Smell strong, reminding of Tuber spec,
Spores
conspicuous
dark reddish
to
collectionalmost blackish brown,
pale clay-brown; edge (sub) flocculose,
ochraceous brown
downwards
subflocculose,
with
sometimes indistinct
velipellis
moderately crowded,
Q
116E.
40.
R.
—
but exceptionally
plano-convex with straight margin, sometimes even applanate, umbonate,
without umbo, ochraceous brown,
in
1885.
pi.
3:
dan.
2(7):
bot. Ark.
f.
1985.
brown, sometimes with purplish
x
18
Fig.
1885
in
32:
Fr.
1986
or
gun,
x
clavate, slenderly clavate
8-11
less similar
gun,
to
to
1.5-2.0,
absent.
cylindrico-
predominantly 4-spored,
cheilocystidia
or
more
a
few
cylindrical,
sometimes almost lacking.
HABITAT
conifers.
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Associated
in Europe, also
—
with Fagus,
occurring
Mainly under frondose trees, but
Carpinus, Quercus,
in North
Betula,
Tilia,
exceptionally
and
Picea.
America. Common in the Netherlands.
(-Nov.).
Fig.
18.
Inocybe
maculata.
—
Spores, cheilocystidia (from holotype
of I.
maculata).
also under
Widespread
(July-)Aug.-Oct.
K
COLLECTIONS
Maas
EXAMINED.
1
e
Vellinga 418; Ubbergen, 16.X.1971,
Has
652;
Breukelen,
16.IX.
Wassenaar,
1627;
Reid.
F
—
R
Gerolstein, Ammelsbach,
A
(Fungi
10.IX.
The
environmentally
accorded
(in
G
N
VII.
A
near
b
m
7961.
N D:
Melle,
u
31.VII.1982, Kuyper
,
Wald,
,
1780.
Trento, Villazzano,
......
S
—
S
—
of
presence
1981, Kuyper
Maas
r
u
s
Sussex,
T
i
R
A:
Slindon,
maculata, PC);
of I.
25. VIII.
Gees-
Gulpen,
g:
A
—
co.
.(holotype
Boudier
Niedersachsen,
L
i
L
prov.
3116;
Geesteranus
4634 & 23.
.
1977, Huijsman;
w
E
D
E
T
L
A
Y:
1869.
—
N
Smaland, Femsjo, 9.IX.1949,
N:
patches
the
on
lacking
de
Pres
15.VII.
1460;
1454 &
HUNGARY:
—
Trentino, Levico,
1981, Kuyper
WITZERLAND:
velar
I
—
28.IX.
,
2065.
O
Com.
Calceranica
R
Lundell
w
Lil-
Y:
A
&
Stordal
Neuveville, 14.IX.1969, Huijsman.
1963,
Bas
pileus
these velar
3306
&
seems
patches
are
18.VII.
1963,
least
at
for that
Bas
partly
reason
rank.
autonomous
2. The colour variation exhibited
by I. maculata is somewhat greater than Kiihner
Bull,
distinct
the
trimest.
it
not
Atk.
and
variation of
I.
Inocybe
('1955')
variation
large
some
related
quietiodor
Bon
and in
Inocybe flavella
P. Karst.
a
and possesses
distinct smell,
has
having
a
P.
Karst. in
fulvoumbrina
Inocybe xanthocephala
more
to
colour and
from the United
would fall within
their
assess
ochraceous
regular
smooth
exact
variants
in
with
from
velar
viz.
States,
the
range of
relationships.
of I.
maculata
spores and smaller cheilocystidia.
without
pileus
diverging fibrils, lacks
flavella P. Karst.
Inocybe
Meddn
Bres. in
more
from
in
Variants
separated
slenderly cylindrical cheilocystidia.
11.
Inocybe flavella
differs
be
cannot
both
taxa
lanatodisca C.H. Kauffm.,
M.
indicated.
1956)
met, but these
maculata. More material is needed
being brighter yellow
Inocybe
191.
the
that
unlikely
I.
71:
occasionally
are
Considering
seems
I. fastigiella
Fr.
mycol.
tinges
variant.
typical
3.
Soc.
ochraceous
covering
>0
2922; Vogelenzang,
Maas
Geesteranus
E
—
1504;
&
1972, Huijsman; Eifel, Gerolstein, Felsenhof, 20.IX.1980, Kuyper 1453;
determined. Variants
an
7711;
Maas
Montmorency, VIII.1881,
1503
1741; Dorst, 25.IX.1956,
Bas
2176.
Michigan, Cheboygan Co.,
STATES:
1.
1982, Kuyper
6.IX.
13.XI.1962, Bas
17.X.1944,
Bas
1981,
Voorsterbos,
1502,
1980, Kuyper 1482; Eifel, Miillenborn, 21.IX. 1980, Kuyper
2310, PC).
exsiccati suecici
3346.
not
Breda, 1.IX.1959,
1955,
Castricum,23.IX.1982, Kuyper
d:
Loan, 18.V1II.1966,Bas
der
GERMANY:
21.VIII.1975, Huijsman.
Notes:
Leiden,
Swalmen, 24.IX.1951,
E:
—
7959;
Bas
—
—,
UNITED
—
van
Borosbereny, 13.IX.1981, Kuyper
near
0 _,
lehammer,
IJsselmeerpolders,
oord-Hollan
10.IX.
29.IX.
Valburg, 25.IX.1954,
1506 ;
Amerongen, 2.X.1980, Kuyper
15.IX.1982, Vellinga; Velzen,
Bubesheimer
,
Lago, 29.IX.1982,
—
N C
23.IX.
Echlichshausen,
„
Salgotarjan,
al
9123;
Achenkirch,
near
VII.1891, Boudier (PC).
,
N
Rijssen,
1953, Ferguson', Neerijnen,
25. VIII.
4.X.1980, Kuyper
&
Zuid-Holland:
Westfalen, Heiligenkirchen,
Bavaria,
Schreurs;
prov.
14.X.1981 &
prov.
Geesteranus
Maas
12.VIII.1965,
71.083
53
I
Overijssel,
prov.
Ede,
d:
n
Europe
in
2.X.1960, Jansen; Moergestel, 7.X.1980,
&
Achenwald
Ecouan,
a
Kleaver
Noord-Brabant:
11750
12.X. 1952,
Tirol,
1
r
27.VIII.1953, to, 28.VIII.1972,
prov.
teranus
e
de
1982, Kuyper 2218;
Ypelaar;
Inocybe
r:
Utrecht:
prov.
2238; Haarlem, 12.X.1981,
29.X. 1984,
d
19.IX.1982,
Winterswijk,
18.IX.1982, Kuyper 2224;
P E
NETHERLANDS:
—
10658;prov.G
Geesteranus
u Y
Soc. Fauna
Sacc.,
P.D. Orton in
Fl. ital.
Flora
crypt. I,
Trans. Br.
fenn.
16:
15: 728.
mycol.
100.
1890.
1916.
Soc. 43: 277.
1960.
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. FLAVELLA
'■
|
Pileus pale
ochraceous
to
ochraceous
-
p..
"eus
Part
salmon-pink
yellow; stipe
'
slightly olivaceous-tinged
to reddish
ochraceous
•
'
whitish to
"
pale yellowish
'
-
var.
flavella,
.
-
with
somewhat
darker centre;
_
stipe especially
var.
in
Pr 54
lower
roseipes,
p.
55
54
P
Pileus 22-50
pale
mm,
ochraceous
half [2.5
to
I.
so
on
11.1. I. flavella
var.
conical,
convex
to
i
velipellis
19-22.
of I.
fibrils
present
not
3,
Vol.
—
21.
—
Figs.
disc,
even
disc,
and
more
at
of
I.
to
margin
from
xanthocephala
prominently umbonate,
ochraceous
greasy
sometimes indistinct.
holotype
22
19-20,
slightly
Spores, cheilocystidia (19.
from
1986
plano-convex, indistinctly
hardly diverging,
or
around
Inocybe flavella.
fulvoumbrina;
xanthocephala).
A—Suppl.
flavella
Y 6/6], sericeous-smooth around
rimulose;
Figs.
R
almost whitish around disc, somewhat
indistinctly fibrillose,
holotype
E
not
or
Lamellae,
holotype
f.
yellow
in
outer
when moist, outwards
of
roseipes;
I.
22.
only indistinctly
L
=
40-60,
flavella;
from
20.
1
=
from
holotype
of
K
1-3,
crowded, 2-4
moderately
emarginate, greyish
4-5
x
age
equal
mm,
discolouring
Cortina
taste
broad,
mm
somewhat
to
not
clavate
(6
mm),
pale yellowish, hairy-pruinose
to
observed. Context whitish
not
Inocybe
P E R:
in
Europe
in
I
somewhat paler
but
at
62(-67)
28-42
8.0-12.0
8-14
x
9-13
x
slightly
4.5-6.0
x
without
on
/am,
8.9-10.8
average
clavate
never
4-spored. Caulocystidia
5.1-5.7
x
nor
at
utriform,
in
canadensis, and Picea. Widespread
cv.
EXAMINED.
xanthocephala, Yd).
F
—
R
A
N
c
Sopramonte,
—
E:
Alto Adige, Trento,
F
Bois
N
G
L
n:
Gocciadoro,
24.IX.198I, Kuyper 1823,
Pileus 10-30
cheilocystidia,
to
mm,
roseipes
N
D:
Surrey,
CO.
1889,
1826 &
1954,
=
distinctly
w hitish
so on
in
in
pileus, pinkish
Spores
stipe
Docs
mycol. 12(48):
44.
=
radially
whitish.
Stipe
30-45
HABITAT
x
9—10
at apex
more
x
(8—)10—14
so,
1971,
similar to
(holotype
of I.
EXAMINED.
Kleuver.
—
xanthocephala
x
4-6
in
f.
R
of
I. flavella,
ITALY:
nov.
1983
—
Fig.
prov.
21
(basionym).
not
rimulose
at
margin,
ventricose, buff, without
not
somewhat swollen towards
mm,
to
salmon-pink,
A
N
c
Inocybe
arenicola
R.
44.
in older
specimens, especially
9.5-10.5
subphaseoliform.
more
x
5.2-5.3
E:
Heim,
=
trama
without
refractive
trees
on
hyphae.
marshy ground. Associated with Salix.
Aug.-Sept.
prov
Gelderland,
Source
de
Staverden,
l'Amboise, 22.IX.1975,
Bon
Bon).
arenicola
('1982')
Q
(slenderly) cylindrical, thin-walled, colourless.
dpt. Somme, Pende,
herb.
/am,
near
Pleurocystidia absent.
cheilocystidia.
roseipes,
f.
Docs mycol. 12(48):
/am,
to
so
average
on
NETHERLANDS:
—
F
12.
Inocybe fastigiata
distinctly
/am,
Under frondose
& DISTRIBUTION:
de
—
of
olivaceous yellow, somewhat
fibrillose but
Hymenophoral
4-spored.
/am,
from France and the Netherlands.
COLLECTIONS
Bon
and
1.8-2.0, smooth, regular
Cheilocystidia (40-)42-62(-75)
Caulocystidia
(holotype
(holotype
fulvoumbrina, S); Trento,
of I.
('1982')
50-75, normally crowded,
(4.5-)5.0-6.0
x
(1 -6—) 1.7—2.1
(—2.2), Q
29-36
307
not
damage, at apex minutely flocculose, downwards sericeous-fibrillose. Context
base. Smell indistinct.
Basidia
Orton
Karsten
Fagus,
rare,
1827.
centre, smooth,
Lamellae, L
probably
(herb. Metrod, PC).
conical, umbonate, rather prominently
observed.
9.X.
1889, E.
(holotype
Bresadola
but
Europe
Elstead,
VIII.
15.VIII.1942, Bride
VII.
M. Bon in
olivaceous tinges; edge fimbriate,
14.VIII.
exceptionally
Associated with
trees.
base (7-8
mm), but without marginate bulb, bright ochraceous-reddish
Known
1.6—2.2(—2.3), Q
=
Cheilocystidia (26—)27—
roseipes (M. Bon) Kuyp., comb. & stat.
var.
ochraceous around
orange
A
Tammela, Sarkjarvi,
Champrans,
de
Parco
Inocybe xanthocephalaf.
velipellis
E
—
INLAN
11.2. I. flavella
-
Smell and
thin-walled, colourless. Basidia
similar
apex
Q
/am,
absent.
Under frondose and coniferous
& DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTIONS
M
in stipe.
pileus, faintly yellowish-tinged
yet recorded from the Netherlands. July-Oct.
no
with
marginate bulb, whitish,
articulate.
HABITAT
more
to
33-100
Stipe
apex, downwards longitudinally fibrillose.
subphaseoliform. Pleurocystidia
to
cylindrical,
/am,
/am,
Corylus, Populus
H).
narrowly adnate
whitish.
to
indistinct.
Spores
I.
55
i
ventricose,
hardly
or
yellow; edge subflocculose,
1.7-2.1, smooth, regular
=
U Y
Genre
1983.
(R. Heim)
Inocybe:
178.
M. Bon
1931.
—
Inocybe
arenicola
(R.
Heim)
56
a—Suppl.
Persooni
Vol.
3,
1986
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. ARENICOLA
Cheilocystidia (slenderly) cylindrical,
1.
Cheilocystidia
1.
clavate to
12.1. I.
Inocybe
arenicola
SELECTED ICON.
Pileus 24-68
convex
with
completely
from
at
outer
margin
white
Figs.
R.
mm,
in
Genre
campanulate
white because
half and
arenicola
M. Bon
Heim,
straight margin
not
with
f. albida
—
Docs
of thick
showing
Inocybe
from
smooth
arenicola.
neotype
of I.
—
arenicola
var.
mycol.
14(53):
f. 3.
var.
obtuse
sericeous
to
to
—
Fig.
indexed
margin,
umbo, exceptionally
ochraceous [10 YR
Spores,
arenicola).
=
p.
56
57
16. 1984.
velipellis persisting
Lamellae, L
,
24
soon
convex
55-90,
1
cheilocystidia (23.
=
with
7/6,6/6],
1-3,
from
to
without umbo,
age
not
but disc
of
diverging,
persistently
crowded, 4-9
moderately
holotype
plano-
initially
disappearing
or
minutely fibrillose covering, with fibrils
pale
arenicola
mediterranea, p.
1931.
when young with
and broad
adhering sand-grains.
23-24.
subutriform
var.
Inocybe: pi. 9,
rimulose, straw-yellow
mediterranea; 24.
sometimes
cylindrico-clavate
I.
arenicola
var.
Inocybe
Kuyper:
mm
broad, (sub)ventricose,
one
collection),
subflocculose,
(bulb
18
to
then
white.
Stipe
yellow
somewhat
to
hairy
but
with
age
rocystidia
similar
to
&
somewhat
swollen in
apical
Ammophila
not
in the dunes,
uncommon
COLLECTIONS
2
e
F
R
2343,
EXAMINED.
1978\ prov.
]
A N
11
_
d:
&
Notes:
_
.
—
N
Known
apex
to
7122,
smooth,
almost
smooth.
indistinct.
22.V.1983, Kuyper
1.
Oostvoorne,
cylindrical,
pm,
Caulocystidia
persists
it
is
less
and
rather
of I.
robust,
i
r
e
1
s
a
Populus
moist
rimosa
having
a
apex,
varietate
typica
(neotype
2341
72.059',
Kleuver
„
Pileus
difTert
velipellis
with
age
„
1981,
27.VI.
of
I.
shows
convex
to
soon
a
Kumm.
some
Lamellae
first
,
Rubers
prov.
7959.
brown
var.
under the
mediterranea Kuyp.,
cheilocystidiis
Lido
pileus
with
the
Salix
from
differs
I.
—
occur
repens,
a
di
clavatis, pileo
obscuriori
var.
sub
velipelli.
and
together
occurs
a
being
distinctly
more
Fig.
—
some
other
half,
outer
arenicola in
velipellis,
nov.
in
white;
rather strong smell. So far intermediates
have
not
been
23
—
Holotypus:
Th.
Classe, Ravenna, Italy (L).
plano-convex,
at
7783\
variation. In
pure
from
disappears
which
29:
pi. 11,
without umbo,
because of
velipellis, somewhat darkening with
brown.
Bas
arenicola, design, mihi, L),
remains
pileus
the
dunes, associated
the
Fr.)
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
Europe.
Wassenaar,
,
14.VI.1981,
10688 &
phenotypical modification.
in
fulvous
1870, 29.IX.1981,
SELECTED ICON.
a
places
(Bull.:
and
it is
where
of
coast
d,Terschelling, 22.X.1981,
n
de
1972,
Westerschouwen,
Huijsman;
thinner and
12.2. I. arenicola
Kuyper
apex
perhaps
the entire Atlantic
7.VIII.
,
consequently
probably represent only
found.
A
11-15
x
stipe
at
2356.
somewhat
flocculose stipe
W
minority
and then
the pileus becomes ochraceous yellow with age. However, both variants
variant
a
pm,
Pleu-
Salix repens,
nearby,
trees
any
Geesteranus
,
The behaviour of the
specimens
On
6.3-8.0
x
d, Vogelenzang,5.lX.\965,Reijnders & 11.X.1981, Kuyper
18.IX.1955, Maas
,
Haamstede, 6.XI.1972,
it
2.
to
almost
from France and the Netherlands
ETHERLAND s:prov. F
_
specimens
and
subbulbous
to
minority subphaseoliform.
(9—)10—17(—20)
probably occurring along
dpt. Manche, Biville, 18.V.1983, Kuyper
c E:
2351
edge
discolouring
13.0-15.4
average
a
predominantly 4-spored.
oord-Hollan
N
Maas Geesteranus
a
part,
Zuid-Holland:
prov.
r
e
x
taste
in
pinkish
tinges;
flexuose, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 33-50
arenaria.
May-Oct.(-Nov.).
,
on
pm,
and Pinus maritima, but sometimes without
associated with
3.IX.1950,
_
6.0-8.5(-9.0)
x
Smell and
1.8-2.1, smooth, regular,
=
at
fibrillose
longitudinally
yellowish tinge.
base
at
white,
DISTRIBUTION.
canadensis
Wi;
somewhat swollen
white,
(but
olivaceous
cheilocystidia.
HABITAT
Kuyper
first white
at
without
persistently
Cheilocystidia (42—)43—83(—105)
absent.
(sub)utriform,
Mm, somewhat
57
I
I
free,
brown,
equal,
mm,
downwards
faint
a
(11.5—)12.0—16.5£—18.0)
slenderly
5-13
x
almost
to
greyish
to
subterranean part
(1.6—)1.7—2.4(—2.5), Q
=
cv.
29-75
subflocculose,
Context whitish, with
Spores
yellow
Europe
broad), often rather deeply buried in sand, solid,
mm
pale ochraceous
Q
adnate
narrowly
greyish
in
whitish, finally
f. 2.
1980
when
age
brownish;
(as
I.
young
especially
fastigiala
pale
in
f.
arenicola).
buff with
outer
half
edge subflocculose,
to
whitish
disc
(ochraceous)
white.
Stipe equal
58
to
P
r
so
on
i a—Suppl.
3,
Vol.
clavate, for the greater part buried in sand,
slightly
brown, subflocculose
and
e
at
first
at
white, discolouring
fibrillose. Context
coarsely
downwards rather
apex,
1986
12.0-15.0(—16.0)
6.0-7.0
x
13.2
average
/am,
6.6
x
/am,
Q
1.8—2.2(—2.3), Q
=
2.0, smooth, (almost) regular. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia (36—)38—51(—57)
11-14
4-spored. Caulocystidia
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
Italy, but probably
COLLECTION EXAMINED.
of I. arenicola
Note:
var.
the
by
var.
taxa are
mimica
Pileus 50-65
margin
at
in
Mass.
first remarkably
492.
18:
because
apex,
mm), but
not
colourless.
refractive
=
at
from France and
Note:
The
29-39
of
hyphae. Covering
—
—
England.
—
E
N
to
ascertain
25
very prominent umbo,
larger scales,
with
35-77 x 8-10
at
(in
pm,
with
a
umbo
remaining
faint olivaceous
mm,
of
mm
sub-
broad,
tinge, finally
somewhat swollen towards
with
stipe
incurved
background,
around centre, towards
the
then reddish brown,
base
Beih.
on
to
(14—)15—19
x
/im,
a
white-flocculose
reddish brown
13.3-14.9
/im,
cylindrical
4-spored.
trees.
Very
to
G
L
slenderly clavate,
rare
in
Europe,
up
trama
thin-
without
to now
known
n,
A
N
D:
Paris,
CO.
Yorkshire, Malton,
"
X.1963
description
Sydowia
=
Hymenophoral
Oct.
near
at
tinge.
x
6.7-7.0
average
/im, Q
indistinctly phaseoliform. Pleurocystidia
studied.
not
Under frondose
"
FRANCE:
macroscopical
by Romagnesi
Fig.
slightly olivaceous-tinged
pale beige
Stipe
9-12
x
stipe
~
mimica, K).
first
6.0-8.0(-9.0)
x
Basidia
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
of I.
with
2.0-2.1, smooth, regular
HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION.
only
—
small appressed scales
of
whitish,
Context
Cheilocystidia (44-)45-56(-60)
walled,
mediterranea
var.
brownish-coloured
more
spermatic.
(1.8—)1.9—2.3(—2.5), Q
absent.
a
on
bulbous, solid, whitish,
not
12.0— 18.0(—18.5)
Spores
with
covering
spotted
age
almost free,
downwards fibrillose.
Smell faint,
darker,
metallic-shiny, red-brown. Lamellae subdistant, 6-8
somewhat
to
on
olivaceous brown; edge flocculose, white.
base (12-14
(holotype
1904.
plano-convex
to
squamulose
subventricose, adnexed
arenicola
Inocybe
somewhat
a
mimica Mass.
Inocybe
Ann. Bot.
margin minutely flocculose,
and
1870
distribution of both varieties is needed
when young, with reddish brown
tomentose
from
Sept.
Classe, 29.IX.1981, Kuyper
di
x
slender than cheilocystidia.
geographically isolated.
conical
mm,
having
the
on
13.
Inocybe
Lido
cheilocystidia
clavate
arenicola in
More information
whether both
more
the Mediterranean Coast.
Ravenna,
TUY:
=
16—
mediterranea, L).
Besides
differs from
I
—
(13—)
Under Pinus pinea in dune-sand. Hitherto known only
—
widespread along
more
somewhat
scarce at apex,
x
thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 36-44
clavate, sometimes cylindrico-clavate,
(jm,
/am,
pileus.
pale
indistinct.
taste
Spores
20(-26)
to
white. Smell
8: 349.
is
*
Castle
(herb. Romagnesi).
a
Howard, X.1902 (holotype
translation of the
1979).
description
as
given
Kuvpeb:
14.
Inocybe
J.
squamata
EXCLUDED.
Lange
Inocybe
in
Dansk
Inocybe squamata
Inocybe
J.
squamata
bot. Ark.
A.
sensu
in
2(7):
Lange
39.
Pears,
Europe
in
59
I
—
26
Fig.
1917.
Trans.
mycol.
Brit,
32:
Soc.
260.
1949
(=
I.
agardhii).
SELECTED
pi.
115D.
Math.
Ulm
Pileus
R.
ICONES.
Heim,
Inocybe: pi.
Genre
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
1938.
31:
140.
15-49
pi.
29:
11,
13.
f.
1.
1931.
Stangl
1980.
mm,
conical, conico-convex
brown
to
disc.
sometimes without scales, outwards
margin rimulose,
Lamellae,
L
=
1
45-75,
never
Ver.
3:
Naturw.
=
1-3,
radially
to
margin
near
or
rather
yellow
ochraceous
almost
only
slightly
indistinctly present
around
fibrillose, but
to
crowded, 3-5
moderately
not
yellow tinge, around disc with appressed
rimose; velipellis absent
subventricose, emarginate, narrowly adnate
to
dan.
agar.
disc [7.5 YR 3/3, 3/4, 4/4], outwards
around
[2.5 Y 6/6, 7/8, 8/8], sometimes with olivaceous
at
Fl.
Mitt.
plano-convex, finally applanate,
to
dark brown
paler, half-way ochraceous brown [7.5 YR 4/6-10 YR 5/6],
diverging,
in
1981.
indistinctly umbonate,
scales, but
Lange,
J.
& Enderle
free,
fibrils
broad,
mm
first
at
not
ventricose
pale yellowish,
then
yellowish buff, finally olivaceous yellow-brown [2.5 Y 5/4]; edge flocculose, white, sometimes
yellow-brown
base,
6],
solid,
on
bruising.
brownish
ochraceous [10
minutely flocculose,
to
not
observed. Context
none
to
Spores
Pleurocystidia
=
20-
66
4-8
x
from base
5-6/8]
or
downwards smooth
x
Q
YR
white in
somewhat acidulous,
(1 -3—) 1.4— 1.7,
Fig.
Stipe
whitish, discolouring
or
pileus
even
and
pm,
Cheilocystidia
to
slightly
YR
4-5/6],
—
at
apex
of sourish
on
but
apples.
average
a
x
Y
7-8/
fibrillose. Cortina
Smell
cortex.
Taste indistinct.
9.2-10.4
10—18(—20)
5.9-6.8
x
minority tending
(30-)37-58(-66)
towards
[2.5
hairy-pruinose
but somewhat ochraceous in
25.
Inocybe mimica.
Spores, cheilocystidia (from Romagnesi).
Fig. 26. Inocybe squamata.
Spores, cheilocystidia (from Kuyper 1662).
—
broadened
yellowish-ochraceous
indistinctly longitudinally
to
stipe,
1.4-1.6, smooth, regular,
absent.
to
brown [10
reminding
5.5—7.0(—7.5)
equal
mm,
upwards
to
gm,
/am,
Q
=
subphaseoliform.
cylindrical
to
cy-
60
a—Suppl.
Persooni
3,
Vol.
1986
lindrico-clavate, sometimes subutriform, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 30-37
predominantly 4-spored,
sometimes
pileipellis
articulate hairs
more
around
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
less
apparently
in
common
Netherlands and
but
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
1914
—
prov.
L
Wood,
i
b
m
u
r
1974,
Augsburg,
1.
Notes:
hyphae
and for that
be
1939;
(K).
Wittelsbacher
centre
reason
only
the
pileus
but
relatively smooth,
appressedly scaly.
No
e
c
western
of the
part
e
t
n
h
e,
&
1442
h
t:
Geelbroek, 19.X.1967,
1.VIII.1981, Kuyper
&
1591
Breukelen,
Bas
Voorsterbos, 8.X.1981,
1918 ;
&
1662;
7.VII.1981, Kuyper
8.VI.
1974,
Daams
74.12
Noord-Holland,
prov.
1518; Rotterdam, 12.IX.1965,
Bas
1666.
—
does
with
do
Bas
4526;
to
found.
specimens
taxonomic
or
smooth
Bedfordshire, Maulder
In
one
in
in
collection,
The
specimens,
viz.
Kuyper
in sheltered conditions
situations
exposed
met.
are
these
scales. This character
appressed
Specimens growing
therefore be accorded
can
GERMANY:
—
pileus
hardly sclerify
moisture.
growing
status
co.
2111.
almost
an
not
D:
7.X.1960, Huijsman.
break into
not
response
were
E NGLAN
Nans-les-Pins,
pileipellis
1662, both character variants
were
r
Park, 5.VIII.1982,Kuyper
phenotypic
a
the
clay.
in West Europe,
Noord-Brabant, Eindhoven, 27.IX.1961, Siteur;
prov.
specimens
of the
1434,
t
20.VIII.1958,
&
FRANCE:
—
r
Kuyper 2032;
Savelsbos, 5.\\\\.\9i\,Kuyper
Occasionally
in the
to
g,
Reid
of
Zuid-Holland: Delft, 18.IX.1955 & 20.VI1I.1956,
prov.
1487
Bas
14.VII.1960, Bas
6.X.
Bavaria.
seems
1905;
Bas
Leiden, 6.VII.1958,
Warmond,
in
16.VI.1981, Kuyper
U
prov.
2. VII.1982,
Huijsman; Linschoten,
Amsterdam, 16.VI.1960,
Bakker;
pm,
Hyphae
nutrient-rich
Widespread
common
D
prov.
11.IX.1980, Kuyper
1601; Strandgaperweg, 7.X. 1981, Kuyper 1894;
12.VIII.1972,
terminal element.
Kuinderbos, 6.X.1981, Kuyper
ers:
Houtribbos, 28.VIII.1982, Kuyper 2133; Jagersveld,
&
11-14
x
cheilocystidia,
to
age.
somewhat moist,
on
Europe. Rather
NETHERLANDS:
1919; Bremerberg,
&
trees
similar
IJsselmeerpolders. June-Oct.
in the
4982; IJsselmeerpold
Kuyper
with
with Salix and Alnus.
also
Central
at apex
cheilocystidioid
especially
Under frondose
—
Populus,
with
with
present
sclerified walls,
centre with
Associated mainly
Caulocystidia
minority 2-spored.
a
were
distinctly
those smooth
to
variants.
2.
always easily
rimose
an
be
separated
species,
The latter
meet
a
a
Grund
& Stuntz in
Inocybe fastigiata subsp. lilofastigiata
—
Dermek
27—60(—80)
tinges,
prominent umbo,
more
and for
that
Inocybe vinosistipitata Grund
Inocybe vinosistipitata
Pileus
rather
a
outwards
mm,
pale
&
Veselsky
conical,
Mycologia
Stangl
in
&
75:
Veselsky
Mykol.
Ceska
purplish
pileus,
cannot
more
reason
I.
strongly
I did
spores.
radially
not
yet
is considered
squamata
& Stuntz
269.
x
4-8
mm,
violaceous,
Figs.
27-28
1983.
in Ceska
31:
—
pi.
Mykol.
92.
31:
1977.^,
190.
1977.
umbonate, whitish around umbo, sometimes mixed with
ochraceous buff
to
brownish, radially fibrillose,
deeply emarginate, narrowly adnate, greyish clay,
or
a
larger
smooth, viscid when moist, shiny. Lamellae moderately crowded,
Stipe 48—60(—70)
smooth
variable I. rimosa (Bull.: Fr.) Kumm.
species.
15.
ICON.
with
different smell and somewhat
truly intermediate collections,
SELECTED
variant
from the extremely
however, has
pileal covering,
autonomous
lilac
its
Inocybe squamata, especially
somewhat swollen
downwards
at
whitish
when
base but
cream,
young
not
4 mm
at
with subtle violaceous
bulbous, solid,
almost
margin rimulose,
broad, subventricose,
smooth
at
at
tinges.
apex violaceous
apex,
downwards
K
Figs.
28.
lnocybe vinosistipitata.
27-28.
from
apex of
Spores
regular,
22)
Mm,
4-spored.
scarce
—
at
rare
in
the Netherlands.
July-Sept.
Cheboygan
EXAMINED.
Co., Maple Bay
Note: The
269.
(in
of
10.2-10.6
Cheilocystidia
vinosistipitata\
violaceous
or
purplish
utriform,
apex,
slenderly
Europe
clavate
18.VII. 1963, Bas
smooth,
12—21(—
x
U
—
3348.
to
yet recorded from
not
STATE
NITED
CANADA:
—
8-14
x
similar
Associated with Pinus,
trees.
Slovakia, Senica, Kopcany,
subsp. lilofastigiata,BRA).
Lake,
at Burt
jum,
cylindrical,
to
and North America,
IA:
6.0-6.6
x
(30—)33—58(—63)
thin-walled. Basidia 22-38
not
Nova
17.IX.1975,
s:
Michigan,
Scotia, Kings
Inocybe vinosistipitata, WTU).
Mykol.
has
description
31:
190.
1977)
small differences between the
Polyphyletic
varietal
status
Agaricus
origin
rimosus
1821.
—
taxa
been
and
in
copied
Grand
for
this
Inocybe
Bull.,
Inocybe
European
have descended from
under I. rimosa
16.
258.
of /.
&
part
Stuntz
from
Dermek
(in Mycologia
&
75:
1983).
Despite
'■
isotype
from
but somewhat
average
CZECHOSLOVAK
macroscopical
Ceska
assumed that these
a
—
of Inocybe
J
fastigiata
Co., Lloyd's (isotype
Veselsky
(27.
Under frondose and coniferous
and Betula. Very
Prihoda (holotype
on
absent.
cylindrico-subclavate,
to
& DISTRIBUTION.
Quercus, Fagus,
pm,
Pleurocystidia
Caulocystidia
cheilocystidia.
COLLECTIONS
61
I
Europe
in
Spores, cheilocystidia
5.5—7.0(—7.5)
x
phaseoliform.
clavate
HABITAT
Inocybe
fibrillose. Context whitish,
9.5-11.5(—12.0)
/rm,
r:
Smell faint, reminiscent of soap. Taste indistinct.
stipe.
not
—
P E
subsp. lilofastigiata).
of.I. fastigiala
holotype
indistinctly longitudinally
in
u Y
Herb.
rimosa
taxon
be
a
likely,
more
(Bull.: Fr.)
(Bull.: Fr.)
France:
pi.
388.
it
could
collections,
I have
Should, however,
better be
reduced
to
Kumm.
rimosa
(Bull.: Fr.) Kumm.,
and American
common ancestor.
Kumm.
1789.
Fiihr.
—
—
Agaricus
Pilzk.: 78.
Figs. 29-37
rimosus
1871.
Bull.:
Fr.,
Syst.
mycol.
62
P
e
so
r
Agaricus fastigiatus SchaefF., Fung.
Mem.
Agaricus
Batsch,
aurivenius
Iconogr. mycol.
pi.
15:
726'.
Agaricus curreyi Berk.,
5:
775.
1887.
Inocybe
—
Quel,
776.
13.
1774.
1986
Inocybe fastigiata (Schaeff.) Quel,
—
in
Fung.
Cont.
1:
137.
1786.
Inocybe
—
(Batsch) Bres.,
aurivenia
Fungol.:
Brit.
155.
1860.
curreyi (Berk.)
var.
Siidbayern:
Dermini
Rouen,
5.
Inocybe curreyi (Berk.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
Heim,
R.
1882.
Inocybe:
Genre
II,
ser.
15:
184.
1931.
('1879')
162.
1880.
Inocybe injuncta (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
1887.
Agaricus
Britz.
servatus
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
11:53.
Agaricus perlatus
5: 774.
in
naturw.
Ber.
Augsburg
Ver.
28:
154.
1885.
Inocybe
—
(Britz.)
servata
1895.
Cooke
in
Grevillea
15:
40.
1886.
Inocybe perlata (Cooke) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
1887.
schista
Agaricus
(Cooke
Inocybe
Heim,
Cooke
&
P.
Karst. in
umbrinella
Bres.
Inocybe:
Genre
conica
Houby:
in
obsoleta
Romagn.
Inocybe
orbata
Inocybe
holoxantha
Malenf.
in
obsoleta
validior
Metrod
Inocybe
in
schista
1888.
Inocybe fastigiata
12: 210.
(Bres.)
umbrinella
var.
Econ.
I.
1927.
Bot.
Iceland
1: 534.
1931.
1977,
nana Raithelhuber
Fr.
73:
74:
145.
Maroc
667.
1958.
1: 386.
1970.
1981.
Hymenomyc.
Bert.,
Mai. &
2:
7.
1877.
in
Inocybe fastigiata
—
var.
31:
1: 98.
in
Micol.
1979.
18.
1:
359.
1970.
1973.
Bresadola,
G.
mycol.
158.
Fl.
Trento
(inval.,
Fr. 71:
169.
('1955')
Champ,
sup.
Maroc.
(inval.,
1953.
bayer.
Ber.
sup. Maroc
27:
31.
1984.
1931.
Bert.,
&
Z. Pilzk.
SchaefF.
J.
185.
trimest. Soc.
Mai.
Trent., Suppl.
Champ,
mycol. 3(11):
Gruppo
Inocybe:
Bull,
Maleng.
Fl.
in Docs
Boll.
in
Genre
Schweiz.
in
non
mycol.
sel.
Ic.
Kiihner in
aurantiaca
var.
Soc.
Mycologia
Alessio
subcandida
Alessio
Inocybe
—
1887.
Heim,
R.
Inocybe pseudocookei
Inocybe fastigiata
16: 39.
—
Champ, sup.
Fl.
Malen?. in
Inocybe fastigiata f. argentata
f.
1886.
1945.
M. Bon & Chevassut
Inocybe fastigiata f. alpina
Inocybe fastigiata
1: 225.
Bert.,
5: 780.
cerina
var.
fenn.
1905.
1945,
trimest. Soc.
superbus Fr.,
lutea
154.
1920.
1: 224.
Faroes
in Mai. &
var.
var.
Inocybe fastigiata
laeta
Faroes
Bull,
superba (Fr.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Inocybe fastigiata var.
Flora
161.
mycol.
Br.
Grund & Stuntz in
Agaricus fastigiatus
Fungi:
Brit.
Kolderup-Rosenvinge & Warming,
Mailer, Fungi
F.
Inocybe
3:
384.
Trans.
Inocybe nana F. Mailer, Fungi
Inocybe pusilla
Handb.
1887.
1931.
Rea
in
Larsen
Cooke,
in
5: 774.
mycol.
Annls
Ceske
Inocybe pseudofastigiata
Inocybe
Sm.
Meddn Soc. Fauna
in
188.
Inocybe infracta Velen.,
Inocybe
W.G.
Sm.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
& W.G.
Inocybe confusa
R.
4:
3,
Vol.
180. 1872.
Bull. Soc. Amis Sci. nat.
Agaricus injunctus Britz.,
5:
5:
Elench.
Outl.
in
A—Suppl.
I
1930.
Inocybe fastigiata
brunnea
N
Bavariae
Montbeliard,ser. II,
Soc. Emul.
o
1:
361.
1970.
36.1.)
37.1.)
Art.
bot.
Art.
1956.
Ges.
27:
207.
(inval.,
1947.
Art.
36.1)
Inocybe fastigiata f. alpestris
Inocybe fastigiata
f.
alpina
Heim,
R.
f.
sensu
—
Inocybe
aurivenia
208.
1931
brunnea
Inocybe fastigiata
Inocybe
rimosa
SELECTED
(as
I.
1930.
&
—
J.
var.
Lange,
Fl.
—
1925.
Fl.
Champ,
1930
Heim,
R.
I.
sensu
ICONES.
fastigiata).
Bert.,
(=
1931.
(inval.,
Art.
1931.
(inval.,
Art.
(-
N.
in
(-
34.1.)
34.1.),
non
I.
fastigiata
bot.
1: 233.
Berk.,
Outl.
I.
(inval.,
1947.
Brit.
Art.
Fungol.:
1860
(=
I.
margaritispora);
margaritispora).
mycol.
15:
Amer. Fl.
Dansk
I.
36.1.)
155.
pi.
726'.
(=
1930
Inocybe spec.);
bot.
splendens
10: 258.
Ark.
var.
1924
2(7):
(=
40.
Genre
Inocybe:
333.
(=
1931
I.
Alessio,
rimosoides?).
I.
1917
phaeoleuca?);
sensu
(=
sensu
I.
R.
maculata);
Heim,
cryptocystis);
sensu
Bres.,
sensu
Genre
div.).
spec.
sensu
1980
Kauffm.,
Lange
J.
742.
pi.
(= Inocybe
29: 233.
C.H.
176.
177.
(= Inocybe spec.).
1980
sensu
sensu
1874
Inocybe:
1931.
in Collect,
231.
Inocybe:
Genre
Genre
Bres., Iconogr.
sensu
15:
Inocybe confusa
mycol.
eur.:
29: 243.
Iconogr. mycol.
185.
Sing,
f. heimii
Inocybe curreyi sensu
Inocybe
Heim,
Heim,
Agaricus fastigiatus
Fr., Hymenomyc.
Iconogr. mycol.
R.
R.
Inocybe:
Genre
Inocybe fastigiata
EXCLUDED.
alpina
Inocybe:
Alessio, Iconogr.
cryptocystis).
superba sensu Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Bull.,
—
pi.
France:
dan.
Maroc
3:
1:
pi.
pi.
114B
12
15:
(as
(as
pi.
741.
388.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
agar.
sup.
Herb.
15:
I.
I.
pi.
15:
1930.
1789.
738
—
(as
pi.
(=
I.
fastigiata), pi.
fastigiata
var.
(= Inocybe spec.).
fuscidula).
Konr.
I.
1930
746.
&
M.,
Ic.
umbrinella), pi.
115F
(as
cerina), pi.
I.
sel.
744
Fung.
(as
perlata).
14
(as
I.
I.
I:
pi.
92
fastigiata).
1938.
—
orbata).
Mai.
1970.
K
—
pi.
Alessio, Iconogr.
12,
f.
2
Schimm.:
Pileus
(as
150.
mycol.
pi.
29:
obsoleta), pi.
I.
1981 (as I.
14
u
Y
10
(as
p E
(as
r:
I.
Inocybe
without
all
(and
(13—)18—75(—110)
or
mm,
with
only
centre
and
sometimes
brown
ochraceous
well-developed
buff all
pale
or
[10 YR
convex
outer
brown
(as
1
or
I.
fastigiata
1980.
R.
—
[10 YR
dark brown, sometimes
to
and
with
blackish brown
even
to
umbonate
8/2-7/3]
[7.5
more
4/6]
to
YR
or
L
=
then
3]
interstitial spaces,
margin
even
(40—)50— 100(— 115),
very
to
at
narrow
to
at
to
1
but
because
of
outer
4/4, 3/3,
1
=
(—3),
often crowded
narrowly adnate
ventricose,
to
torn
to
very
almost
pale yellow, sometimes bright yellow, then greyish
or
ochraceous
yellow-brown
[5
yellow [2.5
Y
5/4],
denticulate-flocculose,
20-125(-175)
x
submarginately
2-11
Y
mm,
always
sometimes
sometimes
bulbous with
with
YR
becoming
over
with
whitish
via
yellow,
yellow
5/8]
YR
velipellis,
to
to
or
of
greyish
to
5/4]
tinges
yellow-brown
mm
white,
on
to
when
broad,
pale
buff [2.5
2.5 Y
-
olivaceous
velipellis
shiny. Lamellae,
crowded, (1.5-)2-6(-8)
young
outwards
only rimulose,
because
dull
free, when
to
or
with
4/6],
but sometimes
partly subterranean, equal
fringed margin, solid,
or
at
ranging
2/2-3], generally darkest
to
margin,
yellow
distinct
velipellis,
part,
[7.5
6/4], finally yellow-brown [10 YR
almost
white,
at
umbonate
often ochraceous
sometimes smooth all
often
not
orange-brown [7.5
margin radially rimose,
subappendiculate,
applanate
very variable in colour,
reddish brown
but
even
subacutely umbonate (and then
ochraceous
yellow,
7/8, 6/8, 6/6, 5/6,
fibrils diverging,
rather broad
and
Paddest.
conical with somewhat inflexed
velipellis),
pale
even
bright
or
around centre, smooth around disc, sometimes somewhat
greasy because of
radially fibrillose,
umbrinella),
var.
Phillips,
plano-convex, finally
only slightly
[10 YR
over
sometimes
part,
or
sericeous
4/4] and buff
5/4,
conspicuous
very
f.
perlata).
when young campanulate
ephemeral velipellis),
then generally with
centre
12,
1.
straight margin, conspicuously obtusely
or
from almost whitish
brown
(as
15
63
I
fastigiata).
margin and without umbo, soon spreading, then
with defkxed
Europe
fastigiata), pi.
laeta), pi.
I.
in
grey
7/2-7/
Y
olivaceous
old;
damage.
edge
Stipe
somewhat clavate, rarely
sometimes twisted,
whitish,
sometimes
yellow, discolouring with age and on handling to yellowish or brownish-yellowish [2.5 Y
2/6, 6/6, 6/4], but subterranean part remaining white, sometimes even discolouring to (dark)
Figs.
of
I.
29-30.
Inocybe
holoxantha).
rimosa.
—
Spores, cheilocystidia (29.
from
Kuyper
1530;
30.
from
holotype
64
brown
[10 YR
in
hairy
4/6],
sometimes
stipe.
Context whitish
indistinct
distinct,
to
reminiscent of
pale
to
Taste
Pleurocystidia
drical
to
Q
absent.
Basidia 26-44
10-15
x
/am,
at
hairs with
cheilocystidioid
of
both
in
stipe.
Smell
Amanita phalloides,
as
9.8-13.7
(9—) 10—22(—23)
x
6.1-7.8
x
collections partly
or
a
Q
(broadly) cylincontents.
2-spored. Caulocystidia
or
as
woolly-hairy)
apex
abundant refractive
to
few
/am,
subphaseoliform.
/am,
flocculose)
apex
stipe
terminal element (when
scarce
4-spored,
(when stipe
cheilocystidia
to
Pileitrama with
types.
average
some
often swollen towards apex,
similar
white-
no remnants
subclavate, thin-walled, sometimes with yellowish brown
or
in clusters
apex,
on
fim,
Cheilocystidia (28-)30-65(-80)
(sub)utriform
more
or
woolly-
or
apex
disappearing, leaving
soon
spermatic,
1.5-2.0, smooth, regular, in
=
at
longitudinally
yellowish-brownish, especially
or
(5.5-)6.0-8.5
x
1.4-2. l(-2.2),
flocculose
downwards
so,
smell.
as
Spores
=
yellowish
disagreeable,
rather
acorns.
specimens, (very)
young
1986
all,
at
indistinctly
only
3,
Vol.
discolouring
sometimes hardly
part, but
upper
fibrillose. Cortina present in
on
a—Suppl.
Persooni
long
or
hyphae with
as
catenate
mixture
a
yellow-brown
contents.
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
—
Under frondose and coniferous trees, also in
Betula, Populus,
America.
Salix
Alnus,
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kuyper 1964;prov.
G
1
e
d
—
N
e
1426 &
a
Kuyper
&
1427,
1914 &
Beukers; Bunnik,
4.VIII. 1981,
&
Bas
Bas
N
o
o
18.VIII.1959,
Geesteranus
Maas
5.VIII. 1981,
Tirol,
—
1954,
d
r
-
2621;
Kuyper
30.VIII.
1938,
Grange,
co.
1484
&
a
d
n
d:
H
-
& 22.
1
o
1
a
Bas
7640,
9002;
&
545,
prov.
Ischgl,
Resteigne,
Slovakia,
b
m
u
r
Meerssen,
g:
Bas
Bach,
Madleiner
1955,
Schreurs
Mailer
1684-
Resteigne,
de-
1968,
Bas
&
Bas
Wassenaar
kuyper
4994;
1625,
5.IX.
1981'
Ulvenhout]
18.VIII.1982, Kuyper 2121;
24.IX.1961,
&
13.VII.1960,
Maas
Bas
2449.
Geesteranus
Namur,
prov.
3.IX.1981,
Nizke
of.Agaricus
curreyi, K);
Blenheim
(holotype
Foret
Metrod 2885
;
598
BELGIUM:
—
of
Park,
Inocybe
de
co.
Polligny,
Northumberland,
31. VII. 1965, Sinnott.
nana,
18.VIII. 1942, Romagnesi 42.59
478
24.VIII.
1691
5836, 14.IX.1960
Bas
18.VIII.1981, Kuyper
1040 &
6.IX.1954,
Bois
Geesteranus
d:'s-Gravenhage, 24.VIII.1981,
n
Noord-Brabant: Boxtel,
1956, Bas
i
534; Vleuten,
Maas
13079; Oegstgeest, 20.VIII.1981,
Kuyper
prov.
L
VI1. 1954, Bas
2.IX.1982, Kuyper 2149, 23.VII.1981,
10.VII.
5.VII. 1984
12.VIII,1972, Tjallingii-
Castricum, 8.IX.1954,
C).
—
—
13095;
Olloy-sur-Viroin]
Vellinga
392.
—
(herb. Metrod, PC).
—
Bois
de
Links
near
FAROES:
Alnwick,
Frangisvag]
dpt. Seine-et-Oise, Yerves,
obsoleta,, herB( Romagnesi);
of.I.
4.VIII.1984, Vellinga
Ross
—
France:
(authentic material
18.VII.1956, 29.VII.1956, 16.VIII.1956, Huijsman;
28.IX.
9.IX.1980,
1
i
u
1664; Tegelen,
Oxfordshire,
dpt. Seine-et-Marne, Polligny,
22.IX.1955,
7.VII. 1972 &
Tatry, StaniSovska Dolina, 12.IX.1981, Kuyper 1759 &
Epping Forest, VIII.1886 (holotype of Agaricus perlatus, K); Fineshade,
IA:
ENGLAND:
Chateau de la
Z
1
o
See, 7.IX.1982, Kuyper 2162;
Zirainer
1971, Bas 5851;
Kvallo,
H
Geesteranus
12912;
Paznauntal,
8.VIII.1859, Berkeley (holotype
22.IX.
Bas
Kuyper
CZECHOSLOVAK
1762.
9001
Geesteranus
23.VIII.
30.IX.1984,
Maas
14.VIII.1980,
Vellinga 393; Dorst,
Kramsach,
Breukelen,
Utrecht:
4.XI.1981, Kuyper 2012; Rockanje,
931 &
7304,
7.IX. 1952, Maas
AUSTRIA:
28.VIII. 1943,
Kuinderbos, 6.X.1981, Kuyper 1918; Voorsterbos, 8.X.1981,
2594; Oostvoorne, 18.VIII.1981, Kuyper 1689, 28.VI.1972,
2273, 21.X.1955,
Gronsveld,
d, Terschelling, 20.X.1981,
1952, Huijsman; Doetinchem,
Kuyper 1663; Utrecht, 4.IX. 1945, Huijsman
1695; Leiden, 8.VI.1960,
2.VIII. 1962, Bas
North
Kuyper
s:
10138; Velsen, 22.VU1A981, Kuyper 1694; prov.
&
Frieslan
27.VII.
Carpinus,
and
73.004, 9.VIII.1980, Kuyper 1390, 6.IX.1980, Kuyper 1413,
1531 & 29.IX.1981, Vellinga 417; Ubbergen,
4.X.1980,
er
prov.
1680; prov.
13.VIII. 1981, Kuyper
27.VIII.1978,
s:prov.
Europe
12.X.1983, Kuyper 2470; Bremerberg, 4.X.1981, Kuyper 1879; Roggebotzand,
28.VI.1985, Tjallingii-Beukers;
Kuyper
in
de Kleuver
1530
14.X.1980, Kuyper
Widespread
retusa.
June-Nov.
(May-)
Beek-Bergh,
d:
n
Jsselmeerpold
I
Salix
ETHERLAND
1
r
Huijsman; Neerijnen, 30.VII.1973,
1505;
and
repens,
in the Netherlands.
Common
alpine vegetation.
Cedrus, Abies, Fagus, Quercus, Tilia, Corylus,
Associated with Pinus, Picea, Larix,
603 ;
dpt.
Doubs
Lougres'
Sapois, 25.VIII.1945,
GERMANY: Bentheim,
Metrod
Bentheim'er
Eifel, Miillenborn,near Gerolstein, IX.1980, Kuyper 1461; Bavaria,
Wald,
Augsburg]
Gogginger Waldchen, 29.VII.1982, Kuyper 2059; Augsburg, Siebentisch Wald, 28.VII. 1982, Kuyper 2046,
2049 & 2054, 3.VIII.
1982,Kuyper 2094; Augsburg, Siebentisch Park, 2.VIII. 1982,Kuyper 2080; Augsburg]
Wittelsbacher
2114 &
Park, 27.VII.1982, Kuyper 2043, 1.VIII.1982, Kuyper
2116; Haspelmoor,
3.VI.1889, Bresadola
4.VIII. 1982,
(holotype
Kuyper
of.Inocybe
2104.
—
ITALY:
umbrinella, S); Trento,
2073 &
prov.
Parco
5.VIII.1982, Kuyper 2109,
Alto
Adige: Trento,
Desert]
Gocciadoro, 26.IX.1981, Kuyper
K
u
Y
P
E
r:
Inocybe
in
Europe
1848; Trento, Sopramonte, 24.1X.1981, Kuyper 1820; Levico,
1837,
1838
&
1839; Padua,
14.1X.1984, Kuyper
Inocybe fastigiata
NORWAY:
2542 &
var.
Botanical
2543.
Figs.
Lillehammer,
31-34. Inocybe
of I.
perlata;
di
23.V111.
1975, Huijsman.
2408.
rimosa.
33. from
—
S
»EDE
S c
1416
of I.
25.1 X.1981, Kuyper
prov.
Parma,
cheilocystidia
umbrinella;
(31.
(holotype
OTLA ND:
Femsjo, Hagnen,
SWITZERLAND: Kt.
Spores,
holotype
N:
Levico,
1876;
Azrou, 22.X.1940, Malenfon
MOROCCO:
Norra Varleda, 2.1 X.1973, Huijsman.
holotype
Parco
Garden, 1.X.1981, Kuyper
cerina, MPU); Azrou, 1.X1.1943, Malenfon
Field Centre, 21.1 X.1983,Kuyper
65
I
from
34. from
1
co.
of
1031
I.
1832,
Donna,
Santa
(holotype
of
orbata, MPU).
Perthshire, Kindrogan
\.\X.\9ls,Huijsman; Uppland,
Bern, Steingletscher,
holotype
holotype
of I.
of
I.
21.1
curreyi;
nana).
X.1984,.1984,
32.
from
66
P
Kuyper 2575;
1948,
Notes:
1. In my
with the
has
2.
of
a
number of
occupy
than
more
bright
a
3.
significance.
and
for
the
however,
4.
An
The
recognition
the
by
to
the
or
plantations)
The
under
specimens
that
the
of such
I.
fastigiata
Two
main
consisting of
hairs with
in
a
stipe
is
of
depicted
is
identical
it
seems
of this
that
seem
nothing
cerina)
var.
with
therefore
of
are
impossible
to
species.
development
devoid
of
to
seems
of
velipellis)
any
systematic
be
genetically
displacement
more
scale
species.
takes
place,
different
than
who
mycologists
to
taxa
many
the
some
variants
(e.g.
Therefore
regional
and
variability
but
may represent
generally
areas.
seem
It consists
formal subdivision of the
are
distant
would
a
taxon.
these variants
fastigiata
character
taxa on a more
degree
the
from
can
cannot
be
recognised;
be maintained.
correlation between
of
of
pale
around
often
conical,
and
applanate
or
with
of the
are
growing,
Specimens
growing
a
prominent,
hardly umbonate.
whereas in the
development
specimens
former
velipellis
different
rather
a
the
of
pileipellis
buff all over,
the
centre
of
the
(under
exposure.
Quite
soil
one
pileus
pale specimens
has
are
soil
leading
in
becomes
encounters
growing together with
the
to
latter
the velipellis
(e.g.
velipellis)
often
the
partly determined
compact
loose
on
obtuse
In
case
is
conical.
influence
rather
older
disappeared
often referred
more
young
specimens
and
to
Picea-
where
I. obsoleta
f. argentata.
of
types
stipe-covering
clusters of
that
generally
habitats.
I.
variability
for
kind
well-developed,
caulocystidia,
cheilocystidioid
specimens
this
used
more
ranges
pigment
are
be
the umbo is rather dark brown. Such
or
as
characters,
variants
some
form and
populations
character
velipellis.
the
velipellis
variants
or
variability
of
part
it
typically highly
incrusting
that
likely
holoxantha
some
scale
The
where
abundant
where
that
usually
is
are
1789)
variable
Some of
determined and therefore
plano-convex
ephemeral.
substrate
1984,
Juan,
following picture:
well-developed
a
5.1X.
Isle San
rimosa, being sanctioned,
constant
observed.
other such
this
principle
pileus
to
fairly
variability (e.g. pileal
sympatric
outline of the
velipellis
a
I.
name
infraspecific taxonomy
another
local
form of the
is absent
as
geographically
a
subacute umbo,
Bex,
species
388.
pi.
extremely
an
have
be
can
I.
is
here,
seems
known
reason
characters shows
case
It
indicate
on
The
fastigiata.
whereas
area,
could in
from
working
are
large
However,
that
sur
Washington,
STATES:
France:
(Herb.
rimosus
variants
character
and
populations
1986
be any doubt that the
hardly
can
origin. Considering
observations
My
other
environmentally
determined,
3,
Vol.
UNITED
of which
some
local ecotypes.
be
a—Suppl.
I
Inocybe holoxantha, WTU).
called I.
variants,
rather
Part of the
to
N
circumscribed
as
yellow colours,
seems
of
Agaricus
formal well-founded
a
O
fastigiata.
into
polyphyletic
give
I.
Inocybe rimosa,
a
O
there
opinion
nomine
over
intergradation
to
(holotype
commonly
taxon
priority
S
1978, Huijsman.
24. VIII.
Stuntz 3671
Bulliard sub
by
R
Luzern, Willisau, 17.1X.1984, Kuyper 2554; Kt. Vaud, Pont-de-Nant
Kt.
Kuyper 2517; Hutwil,
16. VII.
E
are
However,
many
a
distinguished,
woolly-hairy
viz.
apex,
and
prominently
specimens
that
intermediates
occur
umbonate. The
in
parks
between both
and
Much attention has been
given
to
the presence
of olivaceous
flocculose
mostly
of
apex,
catenate
encountered
flocculose
other
types of
be encountered.
a
consisting
terminal element. The latter
type is
conical
found in
be
can
and
apex
stipe-covering
tinges
of
anthropogenic
can
in the lamellae
K
as
of
presence
greyish
Y
P
E
Inocybe
r:
Colour of the
taxonomic character.
a
U
and/or
in
Europe
lamellae is
pigments
yellowish
in
67
I
dependent
the
on
young
abundance of yellow-brown refractive hyphae in the hymenophoral
speaking
more
very
it
of these
var.
stated that
the
and
cerina,
the
olivaceous
such
more
in
tinge
specimens
common
the
have
but this character is
too
these
refractive
lamellae. The
been
to
as
I.
hyphae
are,
the
can
holoxantha
allow taxonomic
the
Generally
yellow pigment
described
gradual
trama.
colour,
and
or
be
I.
separation
bright yellow variants.
seems
Figs. 35-37.
of
be
is
conspicuous
fastigiata
It
can
distinct
spore
lamellae
I. obsoleta;
likely
that the
Inocybe rimosa.
36. from
—
holotype
refractive
hyphae
contain the
Spores, cheilocystidia, caulocystidioid
of I.
orbata;
37. from
Kuyper 2059).
olfactory
hairs
(35.
substances of I.
from authentic material
68
P E
rimosa
that
with
I. obsoleta
to
and
Spore dimensions
the
coastal
longer and
but
rimose
5.
I
quite
(both
Pileus
are
same
fact
direction.
characters stands the relative
variation in spore size
some
this
smell. The
in the
points
whereas
smell,
variation
is
uncorrected
and
with
from the
specimens
with
Salix
div.
spp.)
Such variants resemble I. arenicola in
pileus,
of the colour of the
Zone and
Alpine
somewhat
possess
spore
characters
the rather
strongly
and the distinct smell.
the
above
besides
keyed
with
but
associated
account
on
a
picture
out as
(Intermediates
that
seems
four
number of
do
widely distributed
very
local
deserve
not
variants.
a
formal
variants
Although
taxonomic
follows:
well-developed
without olivaceous
it
fairly large
that these variants
emphasise again
they
status,
but
constant
spores.
separated
recognised
to
There is
indistinct
rather strong
a
often odourless
are
cheilocystidia
are
Summarising
wish
A.
be
pileipellis,
be
can
1986
rather
a
lamellae have
characters.
dunes
slender
more
easily
can
have
3,
differences.
macroscopical
from
of
dimension
Vol.
variability in macroscopical
uniformity in microscopical
form
a—Suppl.
i
lamellae
grey
with the wide
contrast
on
so
olivaceous
distinctly
referred
specimens
In
with
specimens
as
specimens
r
tinges;
whitish
velipellis,
smell absent.
between variants
A
and
when
Variant A
C
have
young;
lamellae
(conforming
been described
I.
to
I.
as
greyish,
obsoleta).
fastigiata
f. argentata.)
A.
Pileus without well-developed
velipellis
but sometimes with
smell
around centre; lamellae usually olivaceous-tinged;
Pileus usually applanate, dark brown.
B.
(Intermediates
B.
Variant B
Stipe
I.
to
C.
Usually
in
Stipe
at
apex
Variant D
parks and along
woolly-hairy, consisting
(conforming
(Intermediates
Northwestern
6.
It
are
occurrence
exchange
Only
likely
seems
I.
not
of
to
be
I.
worthy
are
of
species
of
umbrinella).
brown.
caulocystidia. Lamellae
Variant C
C
and
distinct
to
takes
be
(conforming
with
cheilocys-
in coniferous forests.
D
not
occur
infrequently
in
Europe).
place
in I.
rimosa
of formal
but that these
recognition.
probably indicates
that
The
genetic
possible.
(R. Heim)
M.
sufficiently
distinct in
rank.
hairs
Usually
worthy
with intermediate characters
specific
catenate
narrow.
less often in Central
Europe,
yet sufficiently
arenicola
these three
avenues.
I. perlata).
to
I.
fastigiata).
variant
incipient speciation
that
specimens
to
between
between those variants is still
Grund & Stuntz
ochraceous
as
rimosa).
tidioid terminal element. Lamellae
variants
to
of clusters of
flocculose, consisting
at apex
ventricose.
(conforming
between variant B and C have been described
Pileus usually conical, ochraceous yellow
C.
persisting white patch
usually present.
Bon, I. squamata J. Lange,
constant
Hitherto
have been encountered.
no
I.
vinosistipitata
characters without
and
intergradation
intermediates between I.
rimosa
and
K
u
Y
P
INOCYBE
Pleurocystidia
walled
and
cheilocystidia
or
in I.
(absent
present
with
crystalliferous
and
clavate
part of
DISTRIBUTION.
—
in the
occurring
1.
Notes:
Only
The
classification.
For
'supersection',
development
covering.
and
of
I
spores
smooth, angular
present
over
shorter
a
Hemisphere,
or
but also
is also
two
groups
Both
Marginatae.
of
presence
applicable
a
the
infrasubgeneric
(informal)
differ
groups
with
species
monophyletic
a
on an
cortina and the
the
to
on
including
p. 8.
on
form
not
elaborate
to
for
reasons
given
are
do
Inocybe
meaningful
recognise
and
or
ambigua
I.
subgen.
not
absence
This subdivision
or
treated here. The
are
excluding
species
Cortinatae
hence
pleurocystidioid
in the Northern
species, mainly
therefore
convenience
viz.
absent
thick-
both
Palaeotropics.
and for
smooth-spored
crystalliferous),
then
kinds,
two
absent.
or
smooth-spored species
seems
of
apiculus; caulocystidia
and
vulpinella,
unit (see p. 22). It
69
I
cheilocystidia
cheilocystidia
apex;
200-300
Probably
the
but
leptophylla,
Europe
INOCYBE
subgenus
cortina present
stipe;
Neotropics
I. lacera and I.
2.
of
length
in
spheropedunculate paracystidia present;
to
nodulose, with fairly large
longer
Inocybe
r:
E
in
level of
mode
nature
of
of
stipe
angular-nodulose
spores.
KEY TO THE SMOOTH-SPORED SPECIES OF SUBG. INOCYBE
1.
Cortina
(but
Spores
2.
in
present
sometimes
with
a
specimens; caulocystidia
young
caulocystidioid
with
(indistinct)
Stipe yellow
3.
Stipe red-brown, especially
Spores
without
in
germ-pore
(but
sometimes
sericeous-smooth,
often somewhat
white, yellowish
violaceous,
5.
Pileus
white,
4.
Pileus
not
indistinctly
6.
Smell
soon
or
reddening
sericeous-smooth;
obtuse
strong,
with
with
an
sweet,
7.
balsam
on
Pleurocystidia
8.
viscid
not
9.
reminiscent
smell
spores
with
luteipes,
p.
96
p.
95
mostly
obtuse
I.
(sub)conical
with
of Peruvian
balsam
or
but
reminiscent
of
I.
fusiform to
Pleurocystidia fusiform;
cylindrical;
spores
on
smell
when
fresh
more
average
of Peruvian
than
6.0 /rm
spores
on
average
to dark vinaceous
red
in
less than 6.0 pm
lower
Stipe
10.
not
or
Lamellae
only faintly reddening; pileus
very
basidocarps
10.
Lamellae
squamose
narrow
and
with
crowded; pileus
around
disc; basidiocarps
not
very
rather
with
often
as
Peru-
p.
77
balsam.
broad, partly
dark
colours,
with
fraudans,
vinaceous
often with
r.
broad, ventricose,
90
apical
p.
78
brown.
tricolor,
p.
81
greenish tinges.
recurvately squamulose-subsquarrose;
small
rather
85
p.
broad, withoutapical papilla.
part; pileus
other
but
haemacta ,
I.
9.
p.
context
urin,
I.
Pleurocystidia cylindrical;
whitei,
sometimes
methyl-cinnamate;
disagreeable,
when fresh
apex,
apex.
geophylla,
I.
drying
Stipe discolouring
stipe
subporospora,
damage
age and/or
spores
moist;
when
reddening
papilla
8.
l/3rd of
upper
apical thinning).
apex.
Pleurocystidia lageniform;
vian
in
I.
reddening.
7.
only present
part
upper
Pileus
Pileus
or
half).
I.
in
5.
4.
absent
lower
germ-pore.
3.
2.
hairs
crowded; pileus
large
I.
coelestium,.
smooth
I.
or
P-
82
appressedly
corydalina, p.
82
70
P E
6.
different;
Smell
11.
r
so
on
i a—Suppl.
1986
only rarely reddening.
context
stipe discolouring
Pileus and/or
3,
Vol.
glaucous
to
with
green
age.
12.
Context
strongly reddening; pleurocystidia lageniform
12.
Context
not
or
Pileus
13.
stipe
and/or
aeruginascens,
strongly
Pileus
tinges.
without green
involute
when
covered
young,
appendiculate-dentate; smell strong,
with
rotten meat
as
velipellis,
thick
a
or
inflexed
when
margin
appendiculata,
often
75
P-
conspicuous appendiculate-dentate margin;
without
young,
at
129
p.
mortar.
I.
Pileus
13.
77
subclavate.
I.
11.
haemacta, p.
I.
subutriform
reddening; pleurocystidia fusiform,
smell
different.
14.
Caulocystidia completelyabsent
length
of
Pleurocvstidia
15.
or
only present
in
a
zone
narrow
very
without double
completely thin-walled,
Spores
16.
17.
on
Pileus
average
Pileus
than
more
not
when
11.0 /urn
very
not
wall
leptocystis,
ochraceous
pallescent
slightly angular,
to
brown
moist, pale
when
completely smooth; pleuroystidia
not
Pleurocystidia
19.
minimally angular; pleurocystidia
never
bright
with
with
Pleurocystidia
colourless
to
20.
Spores
20.
Spores
pale yellowish wall; stipe
without
on
average
on
average
12.2-14.8
with
x
almost obtuse
on
11.0-12.3
6.3-6.7
x
average
less than
distinctly
with
/jm
long.
10.5 /am
Pleurocystidia only slightly thick-walled,
22.
Pileus
22.
Pileus
squarrulose
to
thinner than
wall
yellowish brown,
squarrose,
covered
0.5(—1.0)
with
to
squamulose, without conspicuous
23.
Stipe darkening downwards,
23.
Stipe
not
darkening
24.
Stipe pinkish
24.
Stipe
lilac
without
in lower
near
lilac
Pleurocystidia
gonium
25.
Spores
very
26.
Spores
on
Stipe (and
28.
29.
Pileus
often
flexuose
on
with
when
less than 7.5
8.0-10.5
young
moist
huijsmanii,
p.
30.
Smell
on
tinges,
lamellae)
on
than
134
on
as
leaves of
of Pelarp.
112
albovelutipes, p.
118
I.
glabripes, p.
124
with
violaceous
tinges.
drying.
drying;
with
not
smell
1.0 /jm.
long
/um
lamellae
an
in
marginal part
bluish-violaceous
olivaceous
olivaceous-ochraceous
hygrophanous,
drying
115
buff to ochraceous
on
tinge,
drying;
in
pallescent
on
with
when
violaceous
young.
hygrophana, P-
marginal part
lamellae
I.
Pileus not
132
/urn.
sepiaceous brown,
dark
ochraceous
thicker
young
28.
p.
I.
wall; pileus yellowish
colourless
Pileus when moist red-brown
violaceous
squarrosa,
p.
I.
29.
pm.
obscurobadia,
I.
average
longer,
often also
tinges, dirty
120
velipellis.
yellow wall; pileus brown;
with
hygrophanous, pallescent
Pileus
p.
melanopus,
apex
subspermatic
small,
abjecta,
I.
..................
average
107
half.
I.
smell
26.
arachnoid
p.
apex.
tinges.
Pleurocystidia straight,
buff;
27.
or
brown at base.
brown to blackish
wall
Pleurocystidia distinctly thick-walled,
21.
109
whitish arachnoid
a
I.
fibrillose
similis,
subconical
velipellis
25.
p.
orange
apex.
I.
21.
98
brown.
rufuloides,
I.
Spores
often
p.
tinges.
reddish
16.
lacera,
to reddish
I.
19.
106
not mucronate.
stipe orange brown
yellow wall;
p.
drying.
on
I.
Spores smooth,
Ill
grey to
impexa,
I.
squarrose
mucronate
18.
p.
0.5-5.0 /im thick.
long.
or
fibrillose
dry, strongly
hygrophanous,
Spores partly
18.
conspicuously thick-walled,
to
hygrophanous, grey-brown
almost whitish
17.
than l/10th
membrane.
I.
Pleurocystidia slightly
15.
(less
stipe).
of
pale
142
without
buff when
ionochlora, p.
drying.
Pelargonium; pleurocystidia partly subcapitate.
142
K
31.
u
y
p
Pileus brown
Inocybe
r:
e
in
Europe
71
I
grey-brown; stipe greyish
to
violaceous
for the
31.
pale
Pileus
alutaceous
pale cafe-au-lait; stipe pinkish
or
greater part.
griseolilacina,
I.
lilac
Smell
32.
different; pleurocystidia
Pileus
at
Pileus
at
wall
138
p.
mostly
appressedly squamulose; paracystidia
to
with
often
phaeocomis,
I.
smooth
centre
134
subcapitate.
recurvately squamulose-squarrulose; paracystidia
centre
brown-incrusted
32.
never
133
p.
apex.
huijsmanii, p.
I.
30.
near
colourless.
Pleurocystidia lageniform
33.
yellow wall; pileus
with
margin
at
Pleurocystidia fusiform,
33.
colourless; pileus radially
almost
not rimulose.
amethystina,
I.
rimulose
I.
rn ose
Stipe
27.
woolly, appressed (dark)
in lower half with
scales; pileus
brown
scales
34.
Stipe
I.
in
Stipe
35.
lower
dark
half without
darkening
or
pusio,
147
p.
tinges.
without violaceous
Stipe
34.
135
p.
to subo-
woolly scales; pileus
with
without
especially
age,
in
pointed
pointed
with
hystrix,
130
p.
scales.
half, becoming (dark)
lower
brown.
36.
Pleurocystidia partly
36.
Pleurocystidia
I.
mucronate
37.
Pleurocystidia cylindrical,
37.
Pleurocystidia
often flexuose
or
clavate to
38.
Spores
with
38.
Spores
without
cylindrical,
never
flexuose
or
maculipes,
constricted
apical papilla; pleurocystidia cylindrical
apical papilla; pleurocystidia
of stipe with
with
I.
Apex
39.
of
stipe
hairs; pileus
with
with
a
thick,
darkening velipellis.
velipellis,
whitish
margin
Stipe
35.
not
Pleurocystidia
40.
ginate
with
age.
small, usually
very
not
exceeding
40 pm;
stipe
41.
Pileus with
41.
Pileus
distinctly
more or
less
42.
Pleurocystidia
often flexuose
42.
Pleurocystidia
not
in
upper
without
part;
I.
....
smell
of
Pleurocystidia
43.
smell
lageniform,
yellow
obscurobadia,
Lamellae
broadly
44.
Lamellae
narrowly
with
(bright)
yellow
around
wall;
fusiform
or
adnate to
45.
Pileus
dark brown
45.
Pileus
pale
Spores
(-74)
subutriform, with
to
olivaceobrunnea,
I.
average
brown to ochraceous
dark
red-brown
hairs
brown
to
pale
on
8.8-9.3
x
5.0-5.4
pm;
10.1-10.4
x
5.8
ixm-,
griseovelata,
albovelutipes,
in
lower
of
length
of
half).
to blackish
orange-brown
1/6th-1/3rd
69
p.
118
pleurocystidia 61—87(—94)
I.
about
126
p.
pleurocystidia (42-)46I.
average
to
117
p.
buff.
long
Caulocystidia descending
Pileus
159
p.
colourless to
broadly adnate, without olivaceous tinges.
ochraceous
on
pm
Spores
caulocystidioid
47.
flocculosa,
subdecurrent, olivaceous-tinged.
long
14.
pileus becoming
centre.
I.
46.
112
p.
wall.
44.
46.
122
p.
centre.
Pelargonium.
I.
Pleurocystidia cylindrical,
darker
144
p.
bulbous.
different.
recurvately squamulose-subsquarrose
43.
75
(sub)mar-
phaeodisca,
contrasting
I.
flexuose;
a
(sub)marginately
never
darker centre, two-coloured
uniformly coloured,
with
over
p.
cryptocystis,
I.
Pleurocystidia longer, 50-90(—110) /urn; stipe
40.
extending
often
bulb
127
caulocystidioid
appendiculata,
I.
darkening
128
p.
brunneotomentosa, p.
differentiated, cylindrical
somewhat
covered
rupestris,
clavate.
caulocystidia; pileus
true
115
p.
subapically.
cylindrico-clavate.
to
I.
Apex
98
p.
subapically.
constricted
I.
39.
lacera,
not mucronate.
brown, irregularly breaking
monochroa,
p.
stipe (sometimes
up
jim
119
with
concentrically; stipe
I.
furfurea,
p.
184
72
P
47.
Pileus
not
Stipe
r
so
I A—Suppl.
on
with
tinges
reddish
in
Pileus
hygrophanous; margin
49.
Pileus
not
Stipe
Stipe
50.
.Stipe
radially
rimulose
rimulose
51.
Pileus and/or
51.
Pileus
and
not
to dark brown in
(dark)
brown
stipe
stipe
in
ginate
hygrophana,
I.
lower
p.
aeruginascens,
p.
I.
exceeding
not
stipe
40 /am;
on
Smell
Smell
50-90
stipe
/am;
than
more
average
reminiscent
strong,
grains
54.
with
a
(sub)mar-
bulb.
Spores
54.
129
greenish tinges.
cryptocystis,
I.
53.
147
39).
under
(see
half
greenish tinges
with
without
Pleurocystidia longer,
52.
142
p.
pusio,
I.
lower half.
Pleurocystidia (very) small, usually
52.
orange-brownthroughout
or
tinges.
violaceous
brown
not
not red-brown
part).
upper
hygrophanous; margin radially
without
50.
1986
tinges.
violaceous
49.
48.
3,
Vol.
breaking up concentrically; stipe
often with
(but
48.
E
with
or
without
long.
12.0 /urn
phalloides; vclipellis
of Amanita
viscid with
of sand
absent
indistinctly subspermatic; velipellis
adhereing
serotina,
I
or
144
p.
bulb.
167
p.
adhering grains
without
of
sand.
55.
Spores
on
average
10.8-12.6
55.
Spores
on
average
12.1
—
6.0-6.6 /um,
x
15.5
Q
5.5—6.4 pm,
x
..
1.8—2.0
=
Q
I.
Spores
53.
56.
on
Spores
narrow,
whitish to
56.
Spores
so
narrow,
on
3.8—4.5
x
pm,
more
Spores ellipsoid
brown; pileus
2.1; stipe conspicuously longitudinally
=
to
elongate, Q
Pleurocystidia (very) large,
58.
Pileus brownish
59.
Pileus
whitish
half-way
60.
Pileus
with
rather
in
so
lemon-yellow
whitish
under
(simulating
cystidia
on
cortinal
average
Stipe
64.
on
Stipe
Pileipellis
with
inodora,
nm
less than
with
thick;
autumnal
covered
not
scattered velar
65.
Pileus around
65.
Pileus
I.
xantholeuca,
well-differentiated
15
without
but
157
p.
/am
more
a
caulocystidioid
wide
than
15
I.
/am
hairs
sindonia,.
under
of
wall
up to
patches
centre
pleurocystidia
3.0
1.5—2.0
species
with
a
/am
thick; early
queletii, p.
/um
158
thick;
I. fuscidula,
well-developed velipellis,
around
zone;
wide.
pleurocystidia
of
117
p.
cortinal
well-developed velipellis.
wall
hairs
cauloparacystidia; pleuro-
late
153
p.
but sometimes
centre.
recurvately squamulose-subsquarrose.
I.
around
to
171
p.
wide.
I.
mm
aestival and
63.
20(—25)
species
3—7
'65
P-
(ochraceous) yellow.
young
with
zone
thick;
mm
to about
frigidula,
young.
average
covered
6—12
aestival
64.
when
to
differentiated cauiocystidioid
without
Pileipellis
less than
isabella
caulocystidia)
true
pleurocystidia
63.
when
174
striate.
velipellis; caulocystidia descending
of
large, usually
pale, whitish,
Lamellae
Stipe
longitudinally
I.
not
striate.
velipellis; caulocystidia descending
because
centre
Lamellae
Stipe
not
I.
61.
62.
175
p.
not both
15—29 pm wide.
indistinct
61.
62.
2.0; stipe
<
stipe
of
Pleurocystidia
58.
169
grammopodia, p.
length
1 /6th of
59.
sambucina,
I.
than 4.5 fim wide,
I.
57.
p.
remarkably pale; pileus
sericeous-smooth
average
pruinosa,
117
and sericeous-smooth.
Spores cylindrical, Q
57.
8.4—9.7
average
on
p.
long.
11.0 (im,
pale ochraceous,
not
pale
very
less than
average
inodora,
I.
2.1—2.5.
=
centre smooth
to
subtomentose,
flocculosa,
with
age
159
p.
sometimes
subsquamulose.
66.
Stipe
pure
white
(bright) yellow
66.
Stipe pale greyish
colourless
to
when
young,
2—3
mm
when
thick; pleurocystidia
I.
wall
young,
wall
pale yellow
5—10
mm
auricoma,
thick; pleurocystidia
I.
posterula,
with
p.
145
with
p.
146
K
60.
Stipe
68.
Y
P
E
Inocybe
Ft:
(ochraceous)
Pileus
67.
U
Europe
in
brown
73
I
to dark brown.
conspicuous bright yellow tinges.
with
Lamellae
whitish when
young;
spores
broad, Q
=
1.4, with
68.
sulphur-yellow
Lamellae
broad, Q
Stipe
67.
1.7—1.9,
=
yellow
with
69.
(sub)
I.
centre smooth
margin
towards
with
almost obtuse
71.
Spores
with
distinctly
Pileus
shiny;
72.
Pileus
dull;
Cortina
absent in
young
lamellae
specimens (but
usually
caulocystidia descending to base
of stipe
(but
sub-
p.
95
nitidiuscula,
p.
150
pseudodestricta,
p.
152
I. fuscidula,
p.
153
I.
with
to rimose.
cream
yellow tinges.
or
whitish
often with
159
p.
becoming
subporospora,
I.
conical apex
lamellae
flocculosa,
age
rimulose.
apex
margin radially rimulose
towards
Pileus
with
I.
1.
so
159
p.
colourless wall.
radially
Spores
72.
subtomentose,
to
with
not
71.
70.
flocculosa,
I.
apex
96
Pnot
spores
recurvately squamulose-subsquarrose;pleurocystidia
squamulose; pleurocystidia
Pileus
young;
wall
Pileus around
70.
conical
when
bright yellow tinges.
without
Pileus around centre
69.
with
safran-yellow
to
almost obtuse
luteipes,
I.
apex
remnants
sometimes
scarce
velipellis
of
margin of pileus);
at
1 /3rd, and
in lower
exceptionally
completely lacking there).
73.
Pileus
whitish
to
pale
buff, conspicuously reddening
creamy
with
age
and/or
on
I.
damage.
godeyi,.
Pileus
not
reddening
with
age.
Stipe distinctly darkening in
74.
75.
Spores
large,
75.
Spores smaller, on
very
on
half, becoming orange-brown, (dark)
lower
13.0—16.0
average
average 7.8—10.6
Stipe discolouring
76.
olivaceous
to
x
7.3—8.4
x
brown
tomentum
near
base,
raspberry-red
often with
dark brown towards
base, without
to subfusiform;
subutriform
stipe orange-brown
Pleurocystidia
77.
dark brown
Stipe
74.
78.
not
to
only
Stipe
Stipe
80.
81.
in
breaking
with
82.
with
dark
with
(sub)marginate
brown
short and broad
concentrically; stipe not
up
apex
of
obtuse;
192
p.
conical; stipe
splendens,
p. 215
rather
long
so
dark,
and
brown; stipe
I.
....
furfurea,
when red-brown
narrow
red184
p.
tinges present,
elements.
bulb.
yellow
to
brown, without velipellis;
ochraceous
I.
smell
strong,
pelargonium,
to
to (dark)
ochraceous
of Amanita
brownish.
brown,
with
conspicuous velipellis
phalloides ..........................
I.
with
p.
as
205
adhering
splendens,
p.
215
I.
less
than 8.0
at margin (as in
on
Spores
average
/jm long; pileus radially
rimose
Spores
closed
on
average
coversing
more
or
than
radially
8.0
Pileus
83.
Pileus with
long;
rimulose
radially rimulose; spores
83.
pm
(as
with
fibrils of
in I.
pileus
I.
less
oblectabilis).
distinctly
conical
84.
Marginate
1.0(—1.5)
84.
closed
Stipe only
of
bulb
pm
very
to
spores
with
almost obtuse
conspicuous; pileus shiny
or
thick
with
on
pleurocystidia
Stipe equal
covering;
albomarginata, p.
diverging, at margin
pseudoreducta,.
dull;
wall
of
pleurocystidia
amblyspora,,
up
P-
indistinct marginate bulb; pileus shiny, subviscid when moist;
to
2.5(-3.o)pm thick
clavate, never (sub) marginately
I.
bulbous.
190
P-
apex.
I.
up
186
with
apex.
I.
79.
spores
blackish
to
elements
...............................
asterospora).
82.
almost
tjallingiorum,
........................
smell reminiscent
reddish
spores
yellowish.
Pileus brownish
Stipe
80.
a
ochraceous
Pelargonium.
earth;
concentrically,
up
part; pileipellis
upper
white to
Pileus
81.
utriform, partly sublageniform;
orange-brown; pileipellis
at base
209
p.
tinges;
half.
irregularly breaking
then
olivaceous
I.
in lower
brown
79.
of
base
near
Pileus
not
apex
I.
fusiform to
darkening
Pilleipellis
78.
tomentum.
tenebrosa,
raspberry-red.
never
Pleurocystidia clavate, partly
77.
or
180
p.
4.7—6.4 pm.
black
Stipe discolouring to orange-brown
to blackish.
vulpinella,
I.
pm
I.
76.
182
p.
.
73.
leiocephala, p.
to
'BB
wall
190
74
P
R
S
O
O
cylindrical,
Caulocystidia
85.
E
I A—Suppl.
N
irregular-flexuose,
somewhat
often
1986
3,
Vol.
dissimilar
cystidia
Caulocystidia
85.
Hymenium
86.
similar
with
Pleurocystidia clavate, subutriform
87.
Pleurocystidia lageniform; smell
Hymenium
Spores
88.
Spores
Lamellae
90.
Lamellae
4.5-5.0 pm,
x
Q
1.3;
=
white
Spores
on
smell
young;
grey
or
pm
91.
Stipe conspicuously longitudinally
91.
Stipe
92.
not
(5.0-)5.5-6.5
x
in
Stipe
93.
lower
cystidia;
I.
smell
young;
strong,
as
Pileus
pm;
stipe pink
I.
pelargonium,
7.0-9.5
x
or
caulocystidioid
(dark) brown,
to
with
to
hairs
without
then
average
more than
Spores
on
average
less than
11.0
10.5
96.
Pleurocystidia clavate; velipellis
96.
Pleurocystidia fusiform
to
long (see
/am
pink
177
p.
conspicuous,
under
55).
long.
/am
without
adhering
utriform; velipellis
earth.
viscid
ochroalba,
I.
adhering
with
p.
206
earth.
splendens,,
I.
Pleurocystidia cylindrical
to
(sub)lageniform with pale
98.
Spores broad, (8.5—)9.0— 10.0
98.
Spores
tidia
x
6.5—7.5
/rm,
Q
=
p.
215
to
bright yellow wall.
(1.2—)1.3—1.4(—1.5); pleurocys-
cylindrical
less
5.0-6.5(-7.0)
x
pm,
Q
Pleurocystidia
99.
Pleurocystidia
less than
long, cylindrical.
50 nm
mycenoid;
lamellae
yellow
101.
Habit
collybioid;
lamellae
white
Pleurocystidia longer
Pileus with
103.
Smell
not
of
than
when
when
I.
young
Smell
brightly
50 fxm, utriform
Pelargonium ; pileus
Smell reminiscent
104.
Smell
p.
206
p.
210
brevicystis,
p.
212
vaccina,
p.
218
fusiform.
or
I.
and
stipe
with
yellow
to ochraceous
with red-brown
of Tricholoma
indistinct, subspermatic
pure
white, forming
a
to dark
brown
I.
.....
somewhat
acidulous.
conspicuous
contrast
with
I.
Stipe yellowish
or
orange
106.
Spores
with
distinctly
106.
Spores
with
(almost)
205
tinges.
saponaceum
or
tinges.
pelargonium, p.
pileus
105.
50
coloured.
different; pileus
Stipe
ochroalba,
bright, orange-brown tinges
so
104.
105.
199
p.
less than
mycenoides,
I.
young
I.
103.
then
I.
Habit
Pileus
cylindrical
not clavate.
Pleurocystidia
102.
when
clavate
101.
102.
clavate,
or
201
pale yellow wall.
and with
99.
muricellata,
I.
utriform to fusiform
p.
1.5-2.0(-2.1); pleu-
=
rocystidia (sub)lageniform
long
squamosa,
I.
broad, (8.0-)8.5-12.0
Pleurocystidia
100.
213
without conspicuous velipellis.
Pileus
100.
with
sindonia,
with
p.
caulopara-
yellowish, sometimes
paler
when
roseipes,
conspicuous velipellis.
95.
pm
'74
(8.5-)9.0-
spores
I.
I.
on
97.
205
indistinct.
red
stipe whitish
4.0-5.5 pm;
absent
apex
Spores
97.
p.
grammopodia, P-
cauloparacystidia;
and
pinkish
to
differentiated
95.
94.
204
velipellis.
sericeous
94.
langei, p.
Pelargonium.
striate
caulocystidia
true
(ochraceous) yellow
Pileus
213
long.
ochraceous; velipellis
sordid
half with
spores
tinges at
92.
pale
to
p.
ochraceous
striate.
in lower half with
Stipe
10.5
conspicuously
whitish
Pileus
93.
stangliana,
pale yellow; pileus
indistinct
when
than 8.0
more
average
199
brown.
pale yellow
to
white,
lamellae
I.
88.
195
p.
lemon-yellow; pileus
lamellae
I.
when
grey
p.
long.
pm
1.5-1.8;
=
ochraceous
yellow to
90.
hirtella,
I.
weak
...
broad, Q
less
subfusiform
or
of almonds
broad, (5.5—)6.0—7.0
hazel-brown.
89.
less than 7.5
average
very
muricellata,
202
of bitter almonds.
without smell
on
Spores
89.
I.
p.
of bitter almonds.
87.
86.
cheilo-
hirtelloides,
cheilocystidia.
to
smell
from
I.
saponacea, p.
the
(dark)
splendens,
195
brown
p.
215
ochraceous.
conical
obtuse
apex
apex
I.
glabrescens,
p.
219
I.
leiocephala,
p.
190
K
17.
Inocybe appendiculata
Inocybe piricystis
Inocybe
Inocybe ovoideicystis
in
Kiihner
J. Favre
in
u
Y
P
E
Inocybe
r:
(as
I.
45.
piricystis).
in
trimest. Soc.
1980
(as
later
Bull,
whitish,
Ic.
rar.
Enderle
—
then
col.
197.
buff
yellowish
(pale)
pi.
7:
in
YR-2.5
L
velipellis
=
30-55, 1
olivaceous-tinged
14-92
2-10
x
ochraceous
hairy
in
in
present
brown
equal
mm,
apical
YR-2.5 Y
[10
Ulm
f.
31:
14.
1955
29:
103.
pi.
1981.
when young,
margin
when
so,
young,
with
age
young
centre
all
or
then isabella-brown
outer
somewhat
becoming
over.
sometimes
ventricose,
not
almost
6/6], finally
fibrillose, in
soon
and
around
broad,
YR
[10
6/3]
subflocculose, white. Stipe
to
bulbous, solid,
downwards
not
white, discolouring
to
rotten
meat
on
mortar, sometimes
or
(7.5^)8.0-11.0(-11.5)
with indistinct
apical
papilla.
often
exposure, with NH4OH
on
young
8.3-10.6
average
with
subamygdaliform
wall
to
1.5-2.0
pm,
somewhat
frequent. Cheilocystidia
to
with
age
more
=
minority
broadly
jum,
with
pale yellow,
Q
pm,
a
apex,
14—22(—23)
x
in
becoming
Taste somewhat
5.1-6.1
x
(sub)conical
colourless
more
spermatic,
in exsiccates.
persisting
Pleurocystidia (33—)36—56(—58)
clavate, thick-walled,
apex,
5.0-6.5
x
1.5—1.7, smooth,
=
fibrillose. Cortina present
longitudinally
discolouring
brick-red, finally red-brown. Smell when
like
(1 -4—) 1.5—1.8,
Q
liferous
involute
fimbriate
not
disagreeable-musty.
slenderly
Math.
ochraceous [10 YR
to
young,
4/3]; edge
pi. 7,
5:
plano-convex, finally applanate,
specimens, persisting
somewhat clavate,
to
pruinose,
not
part,
to
orange
Spores
Naturw.
only vaguely
mm
N.F.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
strongly
centre
1-4
1955.
37.1).
Art.
—
Ver.
201.
(inval., Art. 36.1).
(pale) brown [2.5 Y 7/4-10 YR 6/6, 6/3] especially in lower half, somewhat
or
disagreeable,
young
1-3, rather crowded,
=
young specimens. Context whitish,
bright
1978.
7/4]
in
up
N.F. 5:
1956
NatParks,
convex or
rather narrowly adnate, white when
subventricose,
127.
(inval.,
Mitt.
Y
4. 1955.
NatParks,
5/4-5/6], sericeous-smooth when
YR
becoming subsquamulose, slightly breaking
subsquamose;
56b.
but sometimes
[10
(Suppi.):
1980
38-41
Figs.
—
Unters. schweiz.
Stangl
&
margin dentate-appendiculate,
Lamellae,
to
Fung.
29:
wiss.
75
I
Fr. 72:
without umbo, then umbonate, with
ochraceous brown [7.5
half
Ergebn.
in
mycol.
campanulate when young, then
mm,
specimens
at
in
pedemontana).
I.
Pileus 6-40
young
J. Favre
Mos.
—
9
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
Metrod
—
Oyonnax
Nat.
Ergebn.
Inocybe pedemontana Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
SELECTED ICONES.
Kühner
appendiculata
Bull. Soc.
Europe
in
to
crystal-
slenderly clavate than pleurocystidia,
frequent. Paracystidia pyriform to broadly clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
Basidia 24-35 x 8-11 pm, 4-spored. Caulocystidia absent, apex of stipe with differentiated
father
to
undifferentiated, cylindrico-clavate
HABITAT
trees.
& DISTRIBUTION.
Associated
with Picea,
COLLECTIONS
e
e
r
p
o
EXAMINED.
Kramer
1
d
Tjallingii-Beukers ;
C Z
e
r
—
(WBS);
s,
prov.
AUSTRIA:
—
Quercus,
Europe,
and
under conifers, sometimes also under frondose
Carpinus.
also in the
4
Widespread
much
Nizke
Achenwald
prov.
Overijssel,
Markelo-Rijssen,
Slovakia,
Nizke
23.X.
Tatry,
28.VI.1985
1955,
Maas
6.IX.1982,
Achenkirch,
near
in
common
Gelderland,Putten, 28.IX.1954, Reijnders\
Noord-Holland, Castricum,
ECHOSLOVAKIA:
rather
in Northwestern
zone,
Roggebotzand, 11.VI.1983, 5.VII.1984, 1.VI.1985,
Tirol,
and
rarer
alpine
localities. June-Oct.
NETHERLANDS:
prov.
hairs.
cylindrical caulocystidioid
Rare in the Netherlands, known from
30.VIII.1972,
m
to
Predominantly
in Central
mountainous regions
Europe.
—
Demanovska
Dolina,
&
I
J
Geesleranus
Kuyper
s
s
e
1-
3.VIII.1985,
10850.
2173.
10.IX.1981, Kuyper
—
1747\
FRANCE: dpt. Doubs, Foret de VillersTatry, StaniSovka Dolina, 12.IX.1981,Kuyper 1766.
G ERMANV
s"Chalamont, 8. IX. 1975, Romagnesi 75.170 (herb. Romagnesi).
: Bavaria, Wellenburg,
—
—
AVIII. 1982,
Kuyper
Kuyper
herb.
of I.
1852.
—
S
2096.
—
ITALY:
WITZERLAND:
Metrod, PC);
Kt.
piricystis, design.
Graubiinden,
Monthoux &
prov.
Sins,
Val
Alto
19. VIII.
S-charl,
Kuyper, G);
Piz
Kt.
Adige, Trento,
1950, Metrod
Mezdi,
Parco
(authentic
alt. 2500
Luzern, Willisau,
m,
Gocciadoro,
26.
material of I.
ovoideicystis.
29.VIII.1951,
16.IX.
Favre
1984, Kuyper
IX.1981,
(lectotype
2544.
76
P
Notes:
on
1.
r
so
on
i a—Suppl.
The thickness and the rigidity of the
the colour of the
the
velipellis is rigid
has
been observed
all transitions
status can
e
pileus
and
at
in the
and the
3,
1986
velipellis
exert an
important
Under exposed
appendiculate margin.
margin only slightly appendiculate-dentate.
very rich
given
to taxa
such
as
I.
have
influence
conditions
This character
collections from the Roggebotzand
appendiculata
I.
towards 'typical'
therefore be
Vol.
where also
been found. No
autonomous
Metrod and I.
pedemontana
ovoideicystis
Alessio.
Figs. 38-41. Inocybe appendiculata.
of
I.
piricystis;
40.
from
holotype
—
of
Spores, pleurocystidia (38.
I.
ochroleuca;
41.
from
from
Kuyper 2096;
authentic
material
39. from
of
I.
lectotype
ovoideicystis).
K
201
but
(1955)
however, only
this
taxon
3. As
and
I.
I
in
comes
its
E
lnocybe
r:
are
was
for
necessary
unable
I
piricystis,
to
Europe
variant of I.
a
better
of its
NatParks,
I.
to
N.F.
appendiculata
description.
Favre's
It
might be,
Additional collections of
appendiculata.
assessment
that
schweiz.
close
very
systematic
determine the dates of effective
have assumed
77
I
Unters.
wiss.
different, judging from
depauperate
a
in
characters
microscopical
macroscopically
seems
P
ochroleuca J. Favre in Ergebn.
2. Inocybe
5:
U Y
status.
publication of
Ktihner's publication
I.
appendiculata
earlier than
appeared
Favre's.
18.
Agaricus
Syll. Fung.
haemactus
5: 763.
B. & Cooke
haemacta
SELECTED
pl.
—
Z.
553.
Stangl
Pilzk.
in
Fig.
part,
42.
37:
mm,
to
Pat.,
roseolus
rubra
Rea,
Cooke,
pl.
Brit.
Hand.
8.
1971.
—
even
on
Inocybe
conical when
even
with
margin,
exceptionally
11:
&
Cooke)
70.
1882.
Sacc.
—
Fig.
—
Inocybe
42
(B.
haemacta
&
Cooke) Sacc.,
Tab.
anal.
Fung.
Basidiomyc.:
Brit.
var.
6:
203.
Fungi: pi.
roseolus).
23.
410
—
1886.
1922.
J.
(390).
1884.
Lange,
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
29:
Fl.
pl.
—
Pat.,
agar.
25.
Tab.
dan.
1980.
—
Fung.
anal.
3: pi.
112B.
Kobler in
6:
1938.
Schweiz.
1983.
Pileus 14-65
outer
—
Z. Pilzk.
finally applanate
tn
in Grevillea
(as Agaricus corydalinus
61: 78.
straight
var.
var.
ICONES.
1886
(B.
1887.
Agaricus corydalinus
Inocybe
haemacta
Inocybe
or
young,
soon
spreading
to
conico-convex
subinfundibuliform, when young with subinvolute
without umbo,
with
margin
sometimes
haemacta.
with
—
some
reddish
patches especially
near
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype of
I.
to
extending
subappendiculate, pale isabella-brown, brown-grey
damage
or
to
plano-convex,
indexed, later
over
lamellae,
dark brownish grey
margin, radially
haemacta).
fibrillose
78
P
with
slightly diverging fibrils,
even
subscaly,
Lamellae, L
with
edge fimbriate
3—8(—10)
solid,
mm,
dirty
mostly
hairy
to
smell.
Taste
indistinct
in centre,
1.5-1.8,
Q
1.6-1.7,
=
x
ventricose
not
6/2,
YR
on
then
7/3],
age
bright pink
on
in
on
x
Peruvian
present along
or
mixed with
HABITAT
soil.
some
&
with
14-21(-22)
in
with
in alluvial forests
COLLECTIONS
on
8917\
10.IX.1982, Kuyper
of
(holotype
sendorf,
I.
—
—
x
8-10
whitish
reminding
Q
/am,
limoniform.
not
lageniform,
to
in
dark
to
5.7-6.1
x
excep-
thick, almost colourless
/am
similar
to
pleurocystidia.
4-spored. Caulocystidia
/am,
than 2 mm), similar to
(less
zone
Under deciduous
trees
cheilocystidia,
Europe,
22.X.1973,
BELGIUM:
—
Hogsholt,
haemacta,, K).
prov.
Namur,
8.X.1938, Lange (C).
—
GERMANY:
FRANCE:
der Laan.
van
Schreurs
calcareous
the Netherlands
I
prov.
A:
6.X.1982,
Houyet,
Savoie,
in
635 ;
AUSTR
-
Samoens,
N
Neerijnen,
o
o
d
r
-
Tirol, Angerberg,
Kuyper
Credinhill
ENGLAND:
—
Haute
rare
Gelderland,
prov.
Utrecht, Utrecht, 22.IX.1981,
9.IX.1956 &
nutrient-rich,
rather
on
in
Widespread
NETHERLANDS:
—
prov.
2204.
Fyn,
13.IX.1955,
2278.
Court,
—
X.1882
Kuhner
(herb.
Eifel, Gerolstein, Felsenhof, 30.IX.1979, Kuyper 1313\ Bavaria,
Kis-
Wald, 23.IX.1984, Enderle\ Unterfahlheim, 4.IX.1982, Enderle.
Bubesheimer
19.
Inocybe fraudans (Britz.)
Agaricus fraudans Britz.,
5: 778.
apical
narrow
clay. Sept.-Oct.
Holland,Amsterdam,
DENMARK:
colourless. Basidia 30-39
Quercus and Fagus.
EXAMINED.
Rubers
Romagnesi).
very
apex
collection without
conical apex,
2.0(-2.5)
to
base
at
minutely
greenish
one
sublageniform
/urn,
with wall
up
x
cauloparacystidia.
DISTRIBUTION.
Associated
29.IX.1982,
a
base
at
(very) faintly yellowish, with crystalliferous apex. Cheilocystidia
Paracystidia clavate, thin-walled,
at
9.1-10.3
average
on
jam,
17-83
upper part,
fibrillose. Context
balsam),
damaged;
Stipe
exposure. Smell strong, unpleasant,
disagreeable.
(13-)
in
blackish,
but
stipe pale pinkish,
(5.0-)5.5-6.5
tionally slenderly utriform, thick-walled,
absent
subventricose,
to
attenuated downwards,
especially
almost
to
age
to
velipellis.
brown, sometimes
red-brown.
to
exceptionally
smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
Pleurocystidia (55—)57—85(—87)
to
[10
corydalina-like (as
I.
Spores (8J0—)8.5—11.0(-11.5)
=
or
darkening
somewhat
to
pale
to
slowly reddening
or
fibrillose-subsquamulose
on
lens, downwards longitudinally
under
drying faintly
on
broad,
mm
whitish, discolouring
green, sometimes
rapidly
green,
later
dark grey-green because of subtomentose
brown
pale
1986
5/3, 5/4, 2.5 Y 5/4], with reddish patches where
YR
greenish-greyish
of urin, but
to
3,
Vol.
somewhat broadened below, but
to
subflocculose
pileus, pale
greyish
free,
whitish, discolouring
greyish
i A—Suppl.
1-3, crowded, 3-7
=
tinge [10
equal
on
grey
subflocculose,
to
so
margin (sub)rimulose,
at
almost
to
olivaceous
an
1
45-80,
=
R
greenish
at centre
adnate
(narrowly)
E
Dermini
Siidbayern:
5.
1882.
Sacc.
43-44
Figs.
—
Inocybe fraudans (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
1887.
Agaricus
indissimilis
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Inocybe
Agaricus
5:
incarnata
Britz. in
778.
Bres., Fungi
albidulus
Britz.
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
5: 767.
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
11:54.
Agaricus inscriptus
EXCLUDED.
—
var.
Inocybe
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
—
27:
157.
1883.
Inocybe
—
indissimilis
(Britz.)
trident.
Ber.
1: 49.
naturw.
1884.
Augsburg
Ver.
28:
153.
1885.
Inocybe albidula (Britz.)
—
1887.
in
Ber.
Ver.
Augsburg
30:
20.
1890.
naturw. Ver.
Augsburg
30:
19.
1890.
naturw.
—
Inocybe inscripta (Britz.)
1895.
Britz.
11: 54.
Inocybe corydalina
in
Britz.
Agaricus explanatus
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Augsburg
Ber. naturw. Ver.
1887.
in
Ber.
—
Inocybe explanata (Britz.)
1895.
albidopallens
indissimilis
J.
Lange,
sensu
R.
Inocybepyriodora
Inocybe erinaceomorpha
sensu
Enderle
Fl.
Heim,
sensu
&
agar,
dan.,
Genre
taxon.
Inocybe:
Consp.:
291.
1931
iv.
1940.
(= Inocybe spec.).
auct.
Stangl
in
Mitt.
Ver.
Naturw.
Math.
Ulm
31:
110.
1981.
K
SELECTED
Fung.
1:
mycol.
pl.
I.
ICONES.
pi.
15:
HOC.
&
728
pi.
Pileus
Bres., Fungi
Farbatl.
19-86
mm
—
1980.
—
ochraceous,
to
orange
6/8, 5/4, 5/6, 4/4],
with
Inocybe
pi.
(as
12, f.
53.
I.
convex,
(as
incarnata).
incarnata).
1930.
mycol.
Paddest.
1985
79
I
I.
subsp.
pyriodora).
Iconogr.
1.
(as
1884
Schimm.:
151.
plano-convex
ochraceous,
brown [10
YR
finally cracking
greasy-subviscid
orange-brown
velipellis mostly persisting
1-3, crowded,
free,
Y
when
6/3-4,10
whitish,
solid,
6/4,5/4,7.5
and
but
sometimes
most
conspicuously
longitudinally
pale
even
not
to
to
to
young,
from base
ventricose, 3-7
pale yellowish
so
at
damaged
—
almost
brown
23
3:
(as
pyriodora).
I.
with
[7.5
and
or
—
pure
YR
then
then
without
somewhat
margin
white
when
in
outer
discolouring
disc and
scaly.
to
to
yellowish
x
3—15
orange
via orange ochraceous
places, hairy
at
Lamellae,
places; edge
22-108
Stipe
fibrillose. Cortina present when
fraudans).
dan.
agar.
7/6, 7/8, 6/6,
centre
of
pale
centre
apex (not
young,
Spores, pleurocystidia (43.
L
=
pileus
brown
35-100,
broad, narrowly adnate
mm
grey
pale yellow-brown
upwards
sel.
3/4]; surface becoming felty-fibrillose, sometimes
subrecurvately
reddish brown.
then
Figs. 43-44.
Inocybe fraudans.
of I.
or
young whitish, then
whitish when
otype
4/4,
Fl.
(as
with
velipellis,
around
YR 5/4], but with reddish spots in damaged
discolouring
ne
YR
appressedly
subventricose
part,
lo
then
Ic.
pyriodora), pi.
1981
on,
appendiculate-subdentate,
even
I.
applanate,
to
later
straight
therefore remaining white, but velipellis sometimes disappearing
to
(as
22
M.,
&
Bres., Iconogr.
—
Lange,
J.
—
pi.
29:
Konr.
—
1927.
pyriodora).
I.
indexed when young,
even
Europe
in
pyriodora
Phillips,
R.
young because of smooth, sericeous,
part
1:
I.
729
wide, campanulate,
or
r:
Alessio,
lamellae and then
over
E
(as
94
Basidiomyc.: pl.
umbo, with margin involute
extending
P
incarnata), pi.
I.
incarnata).
I.
Y
trident.
pyriodora), pi.
incarnata).
var.
Jiilich,
—
I.
(as
(as
1938
pyriodora
Mos.
(as
93
u
Y
[2.5
to
1
=
almost
7/2-3,
2.5
fimbriate to subflocculose,
mm,
equal
to
subbulbous,
in middle
brownish, especially
brownish
pruinose),
leaving
from
brown
to
no
red
vinaceous,
downwards smooth
remnants
holotype
or
of I.
on
the
incarnata;
stipe.
44.
from
80
P
Context whitish
orange-tinged
first,
at
in
pileus,
Smell strong, similar
to
Q
so
14—25(—26)
from base
discolouring
walled, with wall up
with
an
amorphous
pleurocystidia,
5.5—7.5(—8.0)
x
2.0-3.0
to
hyphae
apex with
HABITAT
&
abundant in
only
6.0-7.1
x
colourless
common
DISTRIBUTION.
2490;
EXAMINED.
Under
—
trama, almost
frondose
and
Utrecht, 31.VIII.1953, Bas;
Tatry,
slenderly
trees
Augsburg,
Bavaria:
Gogginger Waldchen,
erinaceomorpha)
(holotype
T
L
of
A
I.
N
&
Notes:
1.
As
Siebentisch
2055
—
Alto
prov.
I
Europe,
1681
&
19.X.1983, Kuyper
&
15.X.1981, Kuyper
19.IX.1968, Arnolds 319;
415
T
&
Vaucluse,
dpt.
:
Val
X.1974,
Hermitage,
The
Vaud,
Kt.
—
Nizke
Bas.
—
15111',
Geesteranus
fraudans, design, mihi,
of I.
28.VII. 1982,
Sole,
di
855.
Teutoburgerwald, Remmig-
72.178 ;
2056; Unterfahlheim,
L Y
A
Wald,
Kuyper
&
1981, Kuyper 1729; Slovakia,
(neotype
2083
30.VIII. 1968,
&
Kuyper 2047; Augsburg,
11.X.1980
Terkolasii,
(M,
sub
VIII.1882,
26.IX.1983,
Kuyper
Pont-de-Nant
1817.
2432.
Bex,
sur
I.
nom.
Bresadola
Adige, Trento, Sopramonte, 24.IX.1981, Kuyper
Inver,
explained
on
232,
p.
I consider
dubium. For
nomen
a
available is based
7. IX.
—
—
1984,
on
that
the
reason
Agaricus fraudans
name
a
new
Britz.,
a
Inocybe pyriodora
name
name
needed.
was
also
neotypified
(see above).
the
smaller
incarnata
have
mycologists
differences in
habit and
with
taxon
was
used
However,
I
(even
in
for taxonomic
Variants
context.
the
came
been inclined
pileal
to
robust
the
collections
without
or
The
appressedly
species
with
scaly
a
different
two
name
I.
pyriodora
pileus,
smooth,
species
whereas
even
found
at
the
too
the
same
locality
in
different
years)
for
name
somewhat
intermediates wfere
many
based
used
was
conclusion that this character difference is
determined. Moreover,
separation
recognise
to
covering.
somewhat
a
for
partly phenotypically
3.
&
Noordeloos
9.IX.
FRANCE:
—
Villaret, 11.VIII.1961, Huijsman;
will be
on
tered
Enderle.
Perthshire,
co.
Kumm.
Fr.)
Most
pileus.
2095; Augsburg,
1982, Kuyper
incarnata, S);
D:
The oldest
me
27.VIII.1977,
1751.
1678
Bilt,
De
Daams
29.IX.1953, Reijnders
&
Fatra, Parmila,
Male
in
2523.
(Pers.:
2.
1.IX.1956,
13.VIII.1981, Kuyper
Vleuten,
Wald, 3.VIII.1982, Kuyper
IX.1984,
28.
SWITZERLAND:
Kuyper
&
29.VII.
4-spored.
nutrient-rich,
on
4553; Hessen, Laubach-Schotten, 31.VIII.1967, Maas
Bas
Haunstetter
L; isoneotype BP, H, GZU)
sphero-
to
pm,
Widespread
Utrecht:
prov.
Westfalen, Heiligenkirchen, 12.IX.1972, Huijsman
hausenerberg, 24.IX.1965,
clavate
8-12
x
hyaline. Caulocystidia absent,
coniferous
10763,
Geesteranus
11.IX.1981, Kuyper
Jasna,
near
GERMANY:
the
Maas
Slovakia,
IA:
apex
clay. July-Oct.
883, 23.VIII.1952
Schreurs
CZECHOSLOVAK
by
alluvial
Zuid-Holland, Ridderkerk,
prov.
Sc O
on
NETHERLANDS:
—
327; Breukelen, 9.X.1955,
1950; Zeist, 21.X.1984,
at
few undifferentiatedcaulocystidioid hairs.
a
in the Netherlands
COLLECTIONS
Arnolds
tinged,
x
thick-
somewhat
yellowish
to
calcareous soil. Associated with Fagus, Quercus, Tilia, Picea, and Pinus.
not
1.3-1.7,
=
abundant. Cheilocystidia similar
not
lacking. Paracystidia
hymenophoral
Q
/xm,
few cylindrical-subfusiform,
a
slightly
vinaceous black.
to
Pleurocystidia (38—)43—70(—83)
papilla.
(very) abundant. Basidia 28-43
pedunculate, thin-walled, colourless,
at extreme
vinaceous red, but only
to
average 9.0-10.2
almost
thick,
1986
smell.
as
somewhat crystalliferous,
to
sometimes almost
scarce,
upwards
apical
with
3,
Vol.
brick-red, then vinaceous
/xm, on
fusiform-clavate,
to
mass
Refractive
to
orange
Peruvian balsam. Taste
fusiform
(im,
i a—Suppl.
on
1.4-1.6, smooth, amygdaliform,
=
to
r
with NH4OH
Spores 8.0—11.0(—12.0)
_
e
I.
greasy
at
least
encoun-
to
allow
of these variants.
with
only
a
faint smell
show
less
distinct
reddening
of
K
20.
Inocybe
tricolor Kiihner
SELECTED
ICON.
Pileus 38
brown,
mm,
broad,
mm
becoming
in
Mos.
to
Inocybe
r:
pi.
56c.
to
not
squamulose,
at
margin
(colours
6.
broad obtuse umbo, dark vinaceous
a
reminding
ventricose, adnate, greyish-yellowish;
Stipe
vinaceous red,
50
5
x
mm,
subpruinose
Context whitish in pileus, orange-red
1955.
subrimulose. Lamellae,
margin
to
45
1978.
applanate, with straight margin and
towards
81
I
Fig.
—
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
Ic. col. 7:
rar.
Europe
in
tricolor Kühner
Inocybe
Fung.
dark vinaceous.
orange-red
p E
Y
Bull. Soc. Nat.
in
vinaceous
paler
subsquamulose
3
—
u
I.
L
55,1
=
whitish
at
ftbrillose-
adaequata),
=
3-7,
very
edge flocculose, white,
equal, solid,
at extreme
of
crowded,
on
damage
apex, downwards
soon
apex, somewhat fibrillose downwards.
dark vinaceous
in stipe. Smell of Peruvian balsam.
Taste reminding of smell.
Spores (7.0-)7.5-9.0
regular
13—15(—16)
less
than
x
5.0-6.0
gm,
1.0
cylindrical
pm
thick,
to
at extreme
Europe,
not
apex
similar
also
wall,
EXAMINED.
contains
5.4
without
gm,
Q
1.4-1.6, Q
=
only
very
abundant. Basidia 31-38
x
—
Under Picea abies
-AUSTRI
has
psilocybin
the
(cf.
A:
same
Besl
on
slightly
apex,
Fig.
Fig.
8-10
gm,
thick-walled,
scarce,
Inocybe
tricolor.
46.
Inocybe
coelestium.
—
sometimes
(broadly)
calcareous soil. Very
rare
in Central
Sept.
Tirol, Pertisau,
Falzthurntal,
microscopical
&
Mack
in
Z.
characters
Mykol.
6.IX.
as
51:
1982, Kuyper
I.
as
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
2158.
corydalina and
184.
an
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Kuyper 2158).
—
x
with
4-spored. Caulocystidia
corydalina.
45.
1.5, smooth,
Paracystidia
scarce.
collections might eventually show that I. tricolor is better regarded
taxon of I.
=
Pleurocystidia (42-)44-57(-60)
crystalliferous
pleurocystidia,
to
known from the Netherlands.
Note: Inocybe tricolor
't
x
only scattered undifferentiated hairs present.
& DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTION
8.0
conical apex.
slenderly cylindrico-clavate,
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
HABITAT
average
slightly
colourless
1-2-septate. Cheilocystidia
absent,
gm,
with
subamygdaliform,
to
coelestium).
1985).
More
infraspecific
82
21.
Inocybe
coelestium
SELECTED
ICON.
—
Kuyp.
in
Stangl
&
brown
later
on,
[10 YR
whitish
without
Persoonia
Kuyp.
in
disc,
around
coarsely
very
to
whitish.
with age and
brownish
as
Spores (7.0-)7.5-9.0(-9.5)
=
thick,
hyaline
to
pm,
cylindrical,
very
pale
moderately abundant. Cheilocystidia
derly)
clavate,
thin-walled, hyaline,
at
L
base,
a
cauloparacystidia,
HABITAT &
mm),
/im, on average
thick-walled,
crystalliferous
Associated
with Fagus and
soon
Picea.
to
on
white
apex
not
whitish
pruinose,
in
pileus,
Smell
exposure.
faint,
x
5.5-6.0
with
wall
but
apex,
=
1.3-1.6,
2.0(-2.5)
caulocystidioid
trees
on
so,
(slenCau-
4-spored.
pm,
pm
hardly
Paracystidia
found in
not
to
up
8-10
x
coniferous
Europe,
Q
sometimes
scarce.
disappearing.
in Central
pm,
Pleurocystidia (29-)31-53(-65)
pleurocystidia,
frondose and
Rare
at
hairy,
to
Context
7.7-8.5
apex.
abundant. Basidia 25-32
Under
—
solid,
[2.5
concolorous
fimbriate,
faint, disagreeable, chemical component.
identical
downwards
DISTRIBUTION.
but
3-5, very crowded,
=
greenish-greyish tinges, darkening
reddening
not
ochraceous
sometimes almost
adnate, yellowish-greyish
even to
smooth.
with subconical
with
45-60,1
apex smooth
at
or
margin,
squamulose-subsquarrose,
=
absent, stipe apex with scattered, rather undifferentiated to
locystidia
without
mixed with
at
somewhat
yellow,
inflexed when young,
margin
subbulbous (5-6
to
tinge in stipe,
1.4-1.5, smooth, subamygdaliform,
(10-)11—16(—18)
x
with
appendiculate
not
striation
5.0-6.0(-6.5)
x
1985.
recurvately
to
at base
longitudinal
greyish-greenish
C.
6/4, 5/4]; edge almost
equal
mm,
f.
plano-convex,
dark olivaceous grey
aeriferous
a
YR
46
Fig.
broad, rather broadly
mm
[10
3-5
x
pi. 2,
velipellis. Lamellae,
of Peruvian balsam, sometimes also with
_
Q
of
—
(pale) greenish-greyish tinges,
with
brownish half-way,
becoming
with
with
brown
23-52
Stipe
pale ochraceous,
downwards
1-3
segmentiform,
narrow,
Y 7/3, 7/4], then sordid
to
51:
woolly-felty
because
1986
1985.
Mykol.
convex
centre
at
subtomentose around disc
12: 479.
Z.
3,
Vol.
Kuyp.
with low, broad umbo,
or
5/6, 6/6],
coelestium
Inocybe
Pileus 15-32 mm, conico-convex,
straight
to
a—Suppl.
Persooni
hairs,
calcareous soil.
the
Netherlands.
Aug.-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
—
EXAMINED.
3.VIII.1982, Kuyper
2088
A
—
Bavaria,
GERMANY:
U S T
R
I
Haspelmoor,
(holotype
of I.
A:
Tirol, Pertisau,
4.VIII.1982,
Dristenautal, 6.IX.1982, Kuyper
Kuyper 2106',
Augsburg,
coelestium, L), 22.IX.1981, Stangl (M)
Inocybe corydalina Quel,
in
Mem. Soc. Emul.
Inocybe erinaceomorpha Stangl
Agaricus
erinaceus
&
Pers., Mycol.
Veselsky'in
eur.
3:
191.
2154.
Wald,
12.VI1I.1982, Stangl
&
(M); Augsburg, Gogginger Waldchen, 20.X.1984, Stangl (M).
22. Inocybe
Haunstetter
corydalina Quél.
Montbeliard, ser. II,
Ceska
1828,
Mykol.
non
33:
72.
A. erinaceus
5: 543.
1875.
1979.
Fr.
1828: Fr.
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. CORYDALINA
1.
Pileus with
greenish-greyish, smooth-subtomentose velipellis
1.
Pileus with
appressed
dark brown
scales,
and
around
disc....
var.
without greenish-tinged velipellis
var.
corydalina,
p.
erinaceomorpha, p.
83
84
K
Note:
These
taxa
of their identical
baeocystin
one
collection of
the
base
the rank of
Stijve
(cf.
stipe,
is
variety
&
E
r:
here
Inocybe
as
Europe
in
al.
in
Persoonia
with
and
for
that
of
common
12:
470.
I
1
1985).
consider
species
one
occurrence
greenish
some
reason
83
I
varieties
mere
characters and the
erinaceomorpha
var.
of the
Y P
regarded
are
microscopical
and
at
u
have
tinges
it
in
on
of
seen
the
at
pileus
unlikely
not
account
psilocybin
that
least
and
even
overestimation of its taxonomic independence.
an
22.1. I.
corydalina
corydalina
var.
48
Fig.
—
Inocybe corydalina Quel.
Inocybe pyriodora
SELECTED
mycol.
15:
ICONES.
pi.
739.
Pileus 23-90
umbo,
when
sometimes
aerugineoumbonata Ade
var.
Inocybe corydalina
var.
—
1930.
mm,
young
Quel,
—
glaucous
or
e
to
but
all
then
over.
and
discolouring
disc,
so.
in lower half
Figs.
tinges,
47-48. Inocybe corydalina.
from
Bas
1091).
to
—
24.
1923.
1945.
f.
('1877')
10.
=
darker
=
24-95
or
x
greyish
at
apex
when
at
margin
covering pileus
isabella
almost
or
sometimes
equal
to
when
squamules,
not
smooth
outwards
or
Spores, pleurocystidia (47.
to
mm
with
broad, ventricose
pale yellowish brown;
reddening
on
damage but
subbulbous, solid,
indistinctly
from
to
radially
(distinctly) rimulose;
greyish-brownish ochraceous,
smooth
young
completely, and then
yellowish-greyish
mm,
umbonate or without
moist,
1-3, (sub)crowded, 3-5
5-12
Bres., Iconogr.
around centre, outwards
grey-brown
greasy
whitish,
—
straight margin,
greenish-greyish
or
hardly diverging,
45-70,1
1878.
1980.
finally plano-convex,
slightly
sometimes
concolorous
Stipe
pi. 5,
pi.
convex,
sometimes almost free,
often with
greyish-greenish
4 8.
24:
29:
somewhat
or
Lamellae, L
fimbriate,
faintly
Fr.
64: 288.
1: 228.
indexed margin, later with
sometimes
not
tinges
slowly
with
but
around
dge indistinctly
only
disc,
to
squamulose, fibrils
present
bot.
Faroes
margin, greyish
at
sometimes
(narrowly) adnate,
not,
Soc.
campanulato-convex,
with involute
subtomentose around
velipellis
Bull.
Hedwigia
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
subappendiculate
brownish-greyish,
fibrillose
in
in
Meller, Fungi
montana F.
holotype
hairy
of I.
whitish,
at
base
under lens,
erinaceomorpha;
84
a—Suppl.
Persooni
downwards smooth
to
often glaucous grey
at
and
indistinctly reddening,
but
somewhat
less
sometimes also
stipe,
with NH4OH
in
than
agreeable
1986
fibrillose-striate. Context whitish
longitudinally
base of
3,
Vol.
fraudans.
of
centre
in
pileus,
pileus
not
stipe,
and
only slowly
or
Smell strong, of Peruvian balsam,
discolouring.
not
I.
at
Taste
but
smell,
as
sometimes with
a
disagreeable component.
Spores (7.0-)7.5-9.5
5.0-6.0
x
on
7.6-8.9
average
1.4-1.6, smooth, subamygdaliform; apex almost obtuse
(33—)38—62(—67)
in
x
(9—) 10—20(—21)
collection with
one
walled, colourless,
spored.
Stipe
&
and North America, rather
EXAMINED.
28.IX.1962,
Namur,
27.IX.
1974,
der
van
Laan.
10.
—
\9.1XA96&, Arnolds317,
22.2.
I.
Noordeloos
Wald,
Adige, Trento,
EXCLUDED.
31:
1981
110.
I.
agar.
Pileus
38-52
brown
to
towards
—
mm,
margin, straight
denticulate,
—
Inocybe
&
6.IX.
Kuyper
Georgen
Calais,
on
1985.
—
erinaceus
Enderle
sensu
&
—
B
Bois
L
F
G
I
1091\ Oise,
Bas
IJ
M:
Resteigne,
de
24.IX.1965.
Bas
Foret
4552\ Eifel;
25.IX.1980, Kuyper
Enderle.
—
1849.
Veselsky) Kuyp.
var.
Ge-
1499\ Bavaria,
Unterfahlheim, 4.IX.1982,
&
Boxtel,
Boulogne, 14.X.1973, Noordeloos
Inocybe corydalina
Agaricus
2159.
16.IX.1956,
Gocciadoro, 26.IX.1981, Kuyper
—
19.IX.1968,
2023, 21.X.1984,
Attersee, Lichtberg,
Resteigne,
2255\
Foret de
Enderle-,
Bas
am
1982, Kuyper
5361\ Gees, Reisrod,
sensu
—
47
Fig.
erinaceomorpha (Stangl
&
Pers.
Stangl
in
Mitt.
Ver.
Naturw.
(as
scabra).
Math.
ULM
auct.
umbonate
I.
dark
not,
or
Lamellae, L
=
paler edge. Stipe 39-85
x
to
5-8
&
one
2.
almost
in
when
brown
somewhat
or
with
Lange,
J.
2,
f.
at
=
1-3, crowded, 3-5
brown,
cylindrical
or
with
mm
sometimes
centre,
scales
Fl.
1985.
even
outwards
at
centre,
later excoriate in
outer
greenish-
broad, subventricose, narrowly
minutely
broadened
D.
involute
youngrjwith
irregular
pileipellis
—
pi.
51:
beyond lamellae,
almost blackish
polygonal
I.
Mykol.
Z.
applanate,
somewhat
to
1930
collection present but rather indistinct, slightly
pale greyish
mm,
f.
Kuyp.
fibrillose-subsquamose,
50-75,1
or
pi. 726,
Stangl
brown
buff, with appressed,
adnate, buff, pale brown
15:
—
margin extending
on,
or
scabra).
plano-convex
convex,
later
brownish
(as
1938
margin squamulose
grey.
1982,
Pas de
Veselsky'.
scabra
half; velipellis usually absent, in
tinged
trees
oord-Brabant,
St.
dpt. Doubs, Lougres,
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
111G.
pi.
undif-
fraudans).
SELECTED ICONES.
3:
3.X.
20.IX.1984,
Parco
12: 481.
Persoonia
MISAPPLIED NAME.
dan.
Achenkirch,
463\
Bas
Inocybe erinaceomorpha
—
(=
Salzburg,
R I A:
erinaceomorpha (Stangl
var.
Inocybe erinaceomorpha Stangl
in
T
near
FRANCE:
—
corydalina
Veselsky) Kuyp.
s
d'AufTe,
Fond
Bubesheimer
ITALY: prov. Alto
u
18.VIII. 1960,
N
prov.
A
—
rolstein, Gerolsteinerwald, 13.IX.1970,
Echlichshausen,
hyphae.
cylindrical,
Utrecht,
Utrecht:
prov.
193&, Zeist,
Teutoburgerwald, Remminghausener Berg,
GERMANY:
2-
few
Quercus, and Picea. Widespread in Europe
13.X.1981, Kuyper
&
Achenwald
Ave-et-Auffe,
Hez-Froidmont, 24.IX. 1977,
de
refractive
(less often) under coniferous
and
Carpinus,
NETHERLANDS:
—
67.9.20.
2714-, Tirol,
Bas
prov.
a
in the Netherlands. Aug.-Oct.
rare
1324 &
884,20.X.1951, Bas
17.IX.1969, Benjaminsen
thin-
(broadly) clavate,
few slenderly
a
tending
colourless,
apex, rather infrequent.
greyish-yellowish
only
and
predominantly 4-spored,
pm,
pale
to
Under frondose
—
318, 5.X.1952, Reijnders
Schreurs
7-10
and with
caulocystidia
DISTRIBUTION.
CCOLLECTIONS
x
Paracystidia
scarce.
=
Pleurocystidia
sometimes
thick
pm
minutely crystalliferous
(very)
colourless
calcareous soil. Associated with Fagus,
Arnolds
with
1.5(—2.0)
to
1.4-1.8, Q
=
conical.
cylindrico-clavate,
to
up
Q
pm,
hairs.
ferentiated caulocystidioid
HABITAT
with
trama
true
wall
Basidia 26-35
numerous.
without
apex
with
pleurocystidia,
to
Hymenophoral
at
cylindrical
>
yellowish tinge,
a
similar
Cheilocystidia
m
ju
thick-walled,
subfusiform, slightly
to
5.2-5.6
x
indistinctly
to
at
fimbriate,
concolorous
apex and somewhat
or
tapering
K
below,
u Y
first whitish, then sordid
at
with reddish tinges, exceptionally
p
buff
greyish
with
Jnocybe
r:
e
Europe
in
sordid brownish, white
or
greenish-greyish tinges
under lens, downwards indistinctly fibrillose. Context whitish
reddening
on
exposure. Smell faint
Spores 7.0—10.0(—10.5)
_
Q
1.5-1.6,
=
up
2.0
to
hyaline,
on
similar to
& DISTRIBUTION.
in
Europe,
COLLECTIONS
19.VIII.1961,
x
8-10
Taste
5.1-5.8
yellow,
(sub)conical
at
not
apex
indistinct.
/xm,
1.4—
=
1.7(—1.8),
Pleurocystidia
thick-walled, with wall
hardly crystalliferous,
or
Paracystidia clavate, thin-walled,
scarce.
4-spored. Caulocystidia
/um,
Q
apex.
slenderly fusiform,
to
pale
very
with
pleurocystidia, (very)
absent,
at
extreme
Under frondose trees, but occasionally also under coniferous
—
on
Utrecht,
Holland, Oegstgeest,,
16. VIII.
prov.
„„
6.X.1982, Kuyper
2277.
and Picea.
,
Gelderland,
prov.
16.X.1968,
1960,,
Bas
Bavaria,
GERMANY:
—
Quercus
alluvial, clayey soil. Aug.-Oct.
NETHERLANDS:
—
Utrecht:
2359;
-
the Netherlands
in
rare
EXAMINED.
Bas
Zuid
Houyet,
to
pale greyish buff, only slightly
to
x
sometimes
at apex,
apex minutely hairy
at
calcareous, nutrient-rich soil. Associated with Fagus, Carpinus,
Widespread
prov.
cylindrical
/urn,
base,
undifferentiated hairs present.
some
HABITAT
average 7.8-9.4
on
pm,
abundant. Basidia 27-34
only
trees
16(— 18)
at
strong, of Peruvian balsam.
(sub)amygdaliform,
colourless
Cheilocystidia
scarce.
apex
10—
x
thick,
/am
5.0-6.0
x
smooth,
(36-)37-64(-70)
to
85
I
Arnolds
2015.
BELGIUM:
—
Rheden,
20.X.1984,
326 &
Bas
prov.
8346;
Namur,
6.IX. 1964,
Augsburg, Siebentischpark,
Stangl 345 (holotype of I. erinaceomorpha,,M); Augsburg, Wittelsbacherpark,. 8.IX. 1984, Stangl (M);
Unterfahlheim,4.IX.1982,£Wer/e; Kissendorf, Bubesheimer Wald, 14.IX.1983,£nder/e; Eifel, Gerolstein,
-
.
24.IX.1966,
Bas 4758.
geophylla (Fr.: Fr.)
23. Inocybe
Agaricus geophyllus
Pilzk.:
78.
R-
candidus
candidus
Huds.
Batsch,
Agrlc.
Torino
Agric.
R. Accad.
Elench.
Fung.
Observ.
mycol.
('1892')
35: 91.
Agaricus affinis Pers.,
Ann.
Ic.
Descr.
Agaricus
albus
Agaricus
sterilis
Agaricus
clarkii
Jungh.
B.
Agaricus
C.H.
geophyllus
&
in
22:
534.
Nomenclatural
(he
as
Inocybe geophylla (Fr.: Fr.) Kumm.,
Fiihr.
of the
have
1786,
133.
A.
non
1774,
Schaeff.
candidus
nec
in
France:
5:
var.
Hist.
Linnaea
5:
in
Ann.
784.
1887.
lilacinus
A.H.
('1949')
note:
correct
a
Bulliard (Herb.
in
Ann.
1.
1798.
404.
1830.
Nat.
Ann.
(illeg.,
2: 309.
f.
Champ.:
1799, non
2: 4.
1801
340.
Mag.
in
1:
Inocybe affinis
—
(Pers.) Pay.
in
2.
1803,
1812,
Hist.
Ser.
Rep.
N.Y.
geophyllus
superfl.
non
(inval.,
1791
546.
1: 466.
A.
nom.
A. albus
Art.
non
A.
IV,
11:
Pers.
1873.
26:
1774: Fr.
1).
and Note
geophilus
State Mus.
affinis Pers.).
Schaeff.
32.1
340.
1821: Fr.
Fr.
for A.
90.
—
—
Agaricus
1801.
Inocybe
1874
—
clarkii
Inocybe
(B.
lilacina
1918.
Mycologia
j
33:
—
14.
.,.
1941.
—
.™.
Inocybe
cystidiosa (A.H. Smith)
,.
„
1951.
The
extensive
of
name
this
lamellae
France:
synonymy
species.
are not
different
completely
geophyllus meaning
cognit.
pi. 522,
Peck in
Smith
Inocybe argillacea (Pers.) Fay.
—
1893.
Fung.:
epithets geophilus and geophyllus
they
—
1796.
51.
minus
Kauffm., Agaricaceae Michigan
Lilloa
history
Herb.
Br.
Tricholoma cystidiosum
'ng-
1:
('1892')
meth.
Ventenat,
Bull, in
Br.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
(reck)
s
ex
1:
Saellandiae
Enum. Plant.
Schum.,
Agaricus geophilus Bull.,
Bull,
Cont.
Fig. English Fungi
Col.
Agaricus geophilus Pers., Syn.
&
1821.
1893.
Fung,
Torino 35: 91.
Agaricus geophyllus Sow.,
geophilus
1: 258.
1778.
Agaricus argillaceus Pers.,
Aciad.
mycol.
1871.
Agaricus
A.
Fr., Syst.
Fr.:
Kumm.
to
bears
First
witness
of all it
be considered
meaning:
geophilus
of the
should
as
be
convoluted
noted that
orthographic variants
meaning
earth-loving,
being earth-coloured.
pi.
522,
f.
2.
1791) illustrated
the
white
variety
of
this
86
P
under
species
the
is invalid. The
Fungi
2: 4.
under the
of
error
1799)
A.
name
Persoon
change
and
meth.
340.
Fung.:
Agaricus geophilus
affinis. However,
of A.
geophilus
Bull.
1791,
This Gordian knot
the
white
the
taxon
choice,
1828),
typified by
he
as
Fries's
be
rejected
felt
name
as
the
the
name, that
be
typified by
Pileus
when
formal
a
not
typified
be
made
cut
Pileus
Bulliard's white
epithet
above, it
epithet
that
young
pure
white,
with
not
young
pale
bright
to
as
A.
name
1.
from the
of
The
this
It
seems
likely
character has
as
same
A.
solely,
I
the
studied
and
that the
8118, MICH)
I.
regard
geophylla except
with
23.1. I.
Agaricus geophyllus
Schum.
—
Fr.: Fr.
to
buff to
—
Inocybe geophylla f.
Inocybe geophylla f.
Agaricus
magna Killerm.
alba
Hruby
var.
in
in
ex
umbo
differ
which
is
in
only
within
constant
geophylla,
yellowish), pallescent
not
one
to
geophylla
Denkschr.
Hedwigia
Batsch
in Ventenat
bayer.
70: 277.
—
—
—
bot.
1930.
an
p.
86
with
p.
89
same
originating
albinistic variant
Oregon,
McKenzie
discover any
Pass,
difference with
*>
Figs.
49-51
Agaricus argillaceus
Agaricus
Ges.
lilacina,
allele of the
basidiocarps
refers
States,
I could
candidus
Bull,
must
yellowish.
the colourless
spores.
geophylla
Agaricus geophilus Bull,
and
correct
species
I. GEOPHYLLA
(United
holotype
must
geophilus).
Inocybe cystidiosa (A.H. Smith) Sing,
23.X. 1937, A.H. Smith
albus
be
to
lamellae.
Sow.
is the
Agaricus geophyllus
mycelium.
name
species.
found
for
deliberate
a
geophyllus
discolouring to pale
that both varieties
been
with
geophyllus
but
mistake,
a
it
typified
epithet
var.
gene. The
validation
1821 and Elench.
and
age
2.
legitimacy
a
name.
(except
violaceous
superfluous
a
the
the earth-colour of the
the
Fries
sometimes
age
1: 258.
of the
use
be concluded that
(pi. 522,
1812), intended
mycol.
was
sanctioned,
to
epithet
use
barred
name
geophyllus,
his
variety
be ascribed
taxon,
the
to
variety.
A.
name
of the Friesian
can
must
546.
should express
is
geophyllus
Bulliard's illustration
when
Notes:
with
violaceous
preferred
clearly illegitimate, being
by Fries (Syst.
explicit
even
but
var.
1.
diagnosis
orthographic
an
therefore
Sowerby's
to
Persoonian
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF
1.
is
epithet
must
the white
typified by
homonym
a
this
sanctioned the
that the
A.
it is
Summarizing
and
Pers. is
(Hist. Champ.:
finally
was
who
He
variety.
As
provided
1801) referred
name
Bull, in Ventenat
33.
and
this
species
name
Sowerby (Col. Fig. English
variety
above,
this
provided,
was
was
Agaricus affinis,
as
for A.
geophilus
1:
noted
Sowerby's
of A.
Fung.
species
illustration
macroscopical
a
44.2)
&
variety.
(Syn.
The
geophilus.
that
1986
only
42.2
(Art.
to
3,
Vol.
As
geophilus.
As
which he had formerly described
name
i A—Suppl.
N
the violaceous
geophyllus.
Bulliard's name,
the violaceous
o
referring
depicted
who
so
identification
author
next
r
Agaricus
name
without details aiding
E
Pers.
—
clarkii B. & Br.
Regensburg
16:
113.
1925.
Agaricus
K
Figs.
from
49-52. Inocybe geophylla.
u
—
Y
P
E
r:
Inocybe
in
Europe
Spores, pleurocystidia
(49.
87
I
from
I. clarkii; 51. from Kuyper 1594; 52. from Kuyper 1771).
holotype of
holotype
of
I.
cystidiosa;
50.
88
P
SELECTED
mycol.
16:
Schimm.:
ICONES.
pi.
752
151.
—
Konr.
(pro parte).
sometimes
even
sometimes discolouring
subviscid
when
crowded, 2-4
moist;
pi.
1:
Fung.
sel.
conical
1986
(pro
100
parte).
pi.
29:
27.
1928.
1980.
—
Bres.,
Iconogr.
Phillips,
Paddest.
—
R.
mm,
whitish,
downwards almost
but
specimens,
with
or
to
smooth
leaving
adnate
to
mm),
6
but
the
rimulose,
not
almost free, almost white
at
Stipe
marginately bulbous,
never
Context
stipe.
on
more
1-3, moderately
=
pruinose
apex
whitish.
hairy-
to
fibrillose. Cortina present
longitudinally
on
tinges
edge fimbriate, white.
ochraceous yellow,
pale
to
remnants
no
(to
1
broad,
white, but
pure
margin
at
25-55,
=
yellowish-brownish;
or
subbulbous
to
L
Lamellae,
narrowly
not,
or
base sometimes buff
at
almost
sericeous-fibrillose,
to
observed.
velipellis
clavate
equal,
indexed when
margin slightly
almost applanate, without umbo
pale buff, isabella-brown or ochraceous, yellowish
to
no
and with
convex
or
to
prominently umbonate, initially
broad, ventricose
mm
1.5-5
pruinose,
young
Ic.
3,
Vol.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
finally greyish-yellowish
young,
x
i A—Suppl.
on
around centre, sericeous-smooth
conspicuous
solid,
M.,
&
1930.
campanulate,
mm,
obtuse umbo,
13-52
so
spreading, finally plano-convex
young,
when
r
1981.
Pileus 9-35
age
e
in (very)
Smell and
taste
spermatic.
Spores
(7.0—)7.5—10.5
1.6—1.8,
=
smooth,
(38—)41 —74(—76)
walled, with
to
frequent.
apex,
regular
10—21(—25)
x
up
4.5-6.0
x
2.0
pm,
gm,
on
pm,
to
similar
to
faintly yellowish
pleurocystidia,
Basidia 22-33
pyriform, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
at
present
extreme
sometimes
apex,
differentiated
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
soil,
North America,
common
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
strongly
not
Pinus,
—
NETHERLA
NDS:
1450; Chaam,
Huijsman
L
i
m,
b
m
u
r
7.1X.1982, Kuyper
Moresnet,
1739
&
G
L
D:CO.
N
1959,
2166.
7.1X.1981,.1981,
1750; Moravia,
A
Bas 6035
29.1X.
Emmaburg,
Castle
Karlstejn, Srbsko,
E N
1973,
1125;
Pas
16.X.1973,
kirchen,
gotarjan,
3.X.
de
l/3rd from
to
1964,
van
Brno, Hadyberg,
Calais, Boulogne
prov.
trees
on
Associated
slightly
somewhat calcareous
with
Fagus,
Quercus,
in Europe and
widespread
r
i
e
1
s
a
n
d:
77(56
20.IX.1951,
&
Kuyper
2235 ;
sur
of I.
13010; Nuenen,
1665.
1X.1924
van
der
19.XI.
1908 ;
Voo
prov.
48;
1976,
prov.
Kits
Wood,
Bois
de
27.X. 1980,
van
1594
27.1X.
CZE
Tatry,
(authentic
1818,
13750;
1819
&
1860 &
material
F RANC
Boulogne,
1825; Levico,
1867.
Telemark,
of I.
E:
14.X.
co.
ITALY:
Sundby
1900
Nieuw
Bohemia,
geophylla
f.
alba, K).
-
dpt. Doubs, L0ugre5,23.1X.1956,
25. VIII.
Levico
prov.
Surrey, Boxhill, 23.1X. 1963,
1973, Noordeloos;
1962,
Bas
Foret
Hardelot,
2644; Heiligen-
HUNGARY:
prov.
Parco,
NORWAY:
Bamble,
alt.
Jasna,To.lX.l9Bl,Kuyper 1735,
1953, Dennis;
1774.
1556;
Tirol, Rosskogel,
CHOSLOVAKIA:
near
Oldenburg, Jeverland,
Kuyper
Breda, 4.X.1936,
Kuyper
Houyet, 6.X.1982, Kuyper 2275;
1794.
Nizke
clarkii, K).
Mer,
Trento, Villazzano, 28.1 X.1981,
Kuyper
Geesteranus
1969,
27.IX.
Waarden, 9.X.1977,
Velsen,
AUSTRIA:
Namur,
prov.
Brummelen
Great
13.1X.1981,
Sopramonte, 24.1X.1981, Kuyper
Dokkum,
Duurse
Noord-Brabant:
Geesteranus
GERMANY:
Borosbereny,
Maas
cauloparacystidia,
apex.
1972, Huijsman; Eifel, Gerolstein, Gindorf, 26.1 X.1980, Jansen.
near
11.1X.1961,
few
1981, Kuyper 1573, 30.VI.1981, Kuyper
30. V.
Kuyper 1724; Slovakia,
Bedfordshire, Odell
Noordeloos.
IX.
6036;
BELGIUM:
Pegler; Street, X. 1871, Clarke (holotype
Bas
&
Maas
Gronsveld, 5.V111.1981, Kuyper
g,
a
to
13247; Oegstgeest, 15.IX.1982, Has 7934; Rockanje, 7.X.1980, Kuyper
Geesteranus
28. VII.
4-spored. Caulocystidia
pm,
Roggebotzand, 9.X.1981, Kuyper
ers,
Zuid-Holland: Leiden,
F
prov.
23.IX. 1982,
Warmond,
clavate
Paracystidia
7-11
Overijssel,
prov.
Noord-Holland: Egmond Binnen,
14.VIII.1960, Maas
Q
in the Netherlands. June-Nov.
Geesteranus
1522 ;
apex.
wall, with crystalliferous
tinged
Common and
Utrecht, Linschoten, 31.VIII.1951, Maas
&
1.5-1.9,
=
Pleurocystidia
frequent.
mixed with
calciphilic.
and Larix.
Piepenbroek 1046\ IJsselmeerpold
prov.
Q
intermediate zone of undifferentiatedto
an
Wisman; Terschelling, 23.X.1981, Kuyper 1980;
Waveren;
pm,
obtuse
Under frondose and coniferous
—
but
Tilia, Betula, Picea,
Carpinus,
and
cheilocystidia
to
below with
x
hairs, sometimes descending
caulocystidioid
nutrient-rich
and/or
similar
completely lacking,
4.7-5.7
x
with
(sub)fusiform, (sub)utriform, sometimes cylindrical, thick-
colourless
Cheilocystidia
8.0-9.3
average
subamygdaliform,
to
25.1
Alto
Adige:
Sal-
Trento,
X.1981,.1981, Kuyper 1835;
Akershus, Jar, along Lysaker,
Kasa,
27.1 X.1981,.1981,
Weholt.
K
u
Y
P
e
Inocybe
r:
SWEDEN: Smaland, Femsjo, Grytskedsangen,
Uppland,
11 .X.
Uppsala,
1938,
SWITZERLAND:
UNITED
Notes:
1.
Vaud,
Bog
Hermit
the
at
&
(Fungi
Pont-de-Nant
exsiccati
sometimes become
pileus.
of the
margin
Kuyper
Bas
Bas 3401.
and then show
slightly hygrophanous
No
2516.
Lake, 19.V11.1963,
Burt
near
sindonia, PC).
I.
as
5.1X. 1984,
River
2304, PC);
exsiccati suecici
911,
suecici
Bex,
sur
Lake, 22.V11.1963,
Burt
near
89
I
1943, Lundell (Fungi
19.1X.
Smith
Michigan, Cheboygan Co., Maple
specimens
Old
striation
some
Kt.
STATES:
Cheboygan Co.,
3361\
Lundell
Europe
in
taxonomic
value
be
can
given
to
this character.
2.
are
and
Young specimens of
not
always
subacute
even
3.
in
geophylla
apex and
more
whitei
being
thick-walled
4.
Inocybe phaeodisca
rimose pileus
Agaricus geophyllus
v a r.
lilacina (Peck)
Agaricus affinis
lilacinus
Gillet,
Agaricaceae Michigan
Agaricus geophilus
Inocybe
geophylla
SELECTED
mycol.
pi.
16:
752
mycol. 29: pi. 28,
Pileus
u
mbo,
when
finally
var.
ICONES.
16-25
—
5:
785.
1,
mm,
2.
Konr.
1980.
1930.
—
when
ventricose
hnges
or
soon
sometimes
m
m),
R.
without
not
base
violaceous
Spores
J.
—
disappearing,
to
is also somewhat
somewhat
a
—
Inocybe
—
radially
more
Fig. 52
1874.
—
Inocybe geophylla
(Peck)
lilacina
tinges,
Fung.
6: 21.
1886.
pi.
1:
Fl.
100
dan.
agar.
Paddest.
to
mycol.
Ned.
—
Kauffm.,
C.H.
Pers.
Agaricus
—
Inocybe geophylla
Schimm.:
convex,
with
3:
age
to
L
25-45,
=
then
to
1
sterilis
violacea
var.
to
taste
4.5-6.5
Bres., Iconogr.
—
—
Alessio, Iconogr.
1981.
[17
E 2-3
pale
very
with
at
or
19 A-B 2],
to
21-37
x
margin
yellowish-brownish
not
2-5
mm
to
when
yellowish-brownish;
mm,
young,
to
equal
to
concolorous
l/3rd of
length
in young
edge
slightly
broad,
with
of
average
8.0-9.9
x
pileus,
(to
but
5
at
stipe downwards,
specimens.
4.8-5.9
fimbriate,
clavate
Context
spermatic.
on
to
rimulose, somewhat
moderately crowded,
2.5-4
hairy-pruinose
gm,
without
especially
violaceous grey, sometimes
persistently
fibrillose. Cortina present
whitish. Smell and
1938.
free, violaceous when young, but violaceous
yellowish-greyish
violaceous
112G.
1921.
1928.
finally plano-convex,
centre
1-3,
=
almost
125.
parte).
pi.
151.
violaceous
around
11:
Ver.
(pro
outwards sericeous-fibrillose,
pruinose
x
Agaricus geophilus
—
Fung.
Lange,
pallescent
adnate
indistinctly
(7.0—)7.5—10.5
stipe
N.Y. State Mus. 26: 90.
Meded.
conical
bulbous, solid, (pale)
apex
has
geophylla
somewhat subconical
a
of the
covering
1876.
Sow.
anal.
in
Phillips,
violaceous
narrowly
at
Rep.
520.
sel.
subflocculose, whitish. Stipe
ochraceous,
below smooth to
with
apex.
prominently umbonate,
moist. Lamellae,
not,
Tab.
Ic.
campanulate,
young, discolouring and
even
Ann.
Over,
M.,
&
ochraceous, sericeous-smooth,
viscid
Pat.,
amethystina
sometimes rather
The
species.
variants of I.
1887.
(pro parte).
f.
spores
Kuyp.
prominent
a
1918.
violaceus
var.
Syll. Fung.
Peck in
of the former
lilacina (Peck) Gillet
var.
Agaricus geophyllus
—
Jungh.
(Pat.) Sacc.,
having
conical
Hymenomycetes:
1: 466.
Pers.
a
geophylla
I.
var.
robust,
although
yellowish
geophylloides Kiihner
var.
and spores with
23.2.
differs from
pleurocystidia.
different.
f. armeniaca (Huijsman)
geophylla,
var.
always indicative
Sacc.
more
Br.) Sacc.
geophylla
is almost
(Britz.)
&
(B.
from I.
papilla
Inocybe posterula
var.
I.
separable
gm,
Q
=
pale
1.5-1.8, Q
1-6-1.7, smooth, regular, sometimes subamygdaliform, with obtuse apex. Pleurocystidia
(41—)42— 69(—70) x
(11 —) 12—21 (—22) yum, (sub)fusiform to (sub)utriform, sometimes more
cylindrical, thick-walled, with up to 2.0(-3.0) yum, (almost) colourless wall, apex
crystalliferous,
90
P
frequent.
Cheilocystidia
E
similar
R
forming
& DISTRIBUTION.
geophylla. Widespread
var.
than
common
1973
Linschoten,
20.IX.
Geesteranus
1771.
der
van
953;
1986;
47;
Voo
L
i
Note:
and
not
The
Dennis.
11.
near
Agaricus
whitei
B.
&
Fung.
mm;
1.
Br.
along
Ann.
1887.
Mag.
Huijsman
in
Bull.
to
be
mixing
22-35
slender; pileus
8-32
in Bull,
collections
parapatric
may
identical
ecologically
a
d,Terschelling,21.X.1981,
n
Pas
—
de
prov.
Leiden,
14. VIII.1960, Maas
1641.
A
—
1687;
Kuyper
AUSTRIA:
BELGIUM:
—
G L
N
Maas
Utrecht,
18.VIII. 1981,
13139.
E
30.IX.1951,
Gorssel,
N
D:
Calais, Boulogne
sur
prov.
Bedfordshire,
co.
Mer,
Foret
de
Salgotarjan, Borosbereny, 13.IX.1981, Kuyper
11.IX.1961,
der Loan.
van
of the
in
occur.
&
(B.
Hist.,
Br.)
IV,
Ser.
Siidbayern:
Franche-Comte
mens.
with
mm,
with
Maas
Geesteranus
13751.
SWITZERLAND:
—
—
Planeyse,
is
basidiocarp
colour
quite variable
intensity therefore
do
Sacc.
17:
7.
1891.
2: 26.
1947.
131.
—
1876.
—
Inocybe
whitei
(B.
Inocybe flavidolilacina (Britz.)
with
colourless
a
easily
Europe
with
Lyon 43(No spec.):
201.
1974.
umbo
or
with
broad
a
conical
umbo; stipe
wall
prominent,
even subacute
papilla; stipe 18-557
f.
taxa
occur
mycol.
referred
only
a
Fr.
to
40-81
f.
wall
Soc.
be
Linn.
FORMS OF I. WHITEI
bright yellow
trimest.
can
Soc.
THE
without
mm,
Note: Intermediates between both
the
2272.
E:
tinges
Nat.
Hymenomyc.
in Ann. scient.
Kiihner
pleurocystidia usually
cases
soon
hairs
1895.
robust; pileus
(cf. Bruylants
apex
caulocystidioid
1954, Bas 653\
Geesteranus
Lysaker,
whitei
Inocybe
in
pleurocystidia usually
Habit
clavate,
cauloparacystidia,
Gronsveld, 26.X.1958,Bai
Maas
violaceous
5: 790.
11: 53.
armeniaca
Habit
g,
FRANC
KKEY TO
1.
25.IX.
Variants differring only in
Agaricus flavidolilacinus Britz.,
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Inocybe
to
extreme
formal taxonomic rank.
Br.) Sacc., Syll.
Inocybe pudica
r
HUNGARY:
Jar,
of the
24.
&
at
Chaux-d'abel, 22.IX.1969, Huijsman.
La
intensity
a
u
University, 9.IX.1977,
partly age-dependent.
deserve
—
—
1
s
9030; Rockanje,
1982, Kuyper
4.X.
e
Zuid-Holland:
b
m
i
r
Gelderland:
Geesteranus
14.VII.1960,
Akershus,
Stockholm,
16.IX.1968, Huijsman;
few
a
differentiated
to
siprov. F
ND
prov.
prov.
Maas
prov.
Noordeloos
NORWAY:
—
SWEDEN:
4-spored. Stipe
pm,
mixed with
1980,Kuyper 1535; Valburg,
14.X.
Wood, 27.IX.1953,
Great
1986
apex.
ETHERLA
Ischgl-Mathon,
Boulogne, 14.X.1973,
7-10
x
undifferentiated
Luxembourg, Daverdisse, Barbouillon,
Odell
3,
in Europe and North America, in the Netherlands somewhat
14.IX.1952,
&
30.X. 1955, Bas
Paznauntal,
Tirol,
1951,
13248
Wassenaar,
N
—
8026', Neerijnen,
Geesteranus
Vol.
Under frondose and coniferous trees,
23.X.1981, Kuyper
&
I a—Suppl.
geophylla. June-Oct.
var.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED:
Kuyper
of
—
N
cheilocystidia
to
zone
O
Basidia 22-29
l/3rd from
at most to
HABITAT
less
intermediate
an
descending
with
similar
caulocystidia
true
O
pleurocystidia, frequent. Paracystidia pyriform
to
thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
with
S
both in Europe
68:
one
small
369.
x
p.
91
1.5-5 mm;
armeniaca,
p.
93
and North America
('1952')
1953),
of those forms.
zone
2.5-8
x
whitei,
of contact,
but in
most
Both forms
seem
where
occasional
K
24.1.
Agaricus
whitei
Berk. & Br.
Agaricus geophyllus
geophylla var.
(B.
lateritia
Inocybe geophylla f. perplexa
EXCLUDED.
(=
I.
Inocybe geophylla
I.
MISAPPLIED
pi.
—
Pileus
22-35
low,
broad
fibrils
53-56
Figs.
Britz.
91
I
Inocybe pudica
—
Hist.,
Nat.
Basidiomyc.:
Lange,
J.
5:
Fl.
IV,
Ser.
141.
Mich. Acad. Sci.
sensu
trinii
even
Bull.
134.
dan.
3:
acutely
conical
first
at
1
f.
3.
7/6, 5
(as
1911
1. 1985
(as
I.
to
young,
discolouring
subbulbous
hairy
in
specimens, leaving
orange, especially
base
at
conical with
slenderly
Pale
almost
to
to
rocystidia,
frequent.
to
Lyon
stipe.
trinii).
I.
pi.
29:
x
rather frequent.
with
two
x
when
greasy
3-6
EXAMINED.
VIII. 1972, Piepenbroek-,
Feukers.
Prov.
—
A
not
clay
when
pale
USTSI A:
2262\
~PF
~
~
j.
in
x
Pleurocystidia
~
~
„
Doubs, Lougres,
.
A. geophyllus
Kindrogan
var.
frequent.
and
x
2.5-8
4.7-5.2
46-65
Bois
to
.v
4.X.
eastern
with
Europe,
prov.
Achenkirch,
near
Roptai, 6.X.1977,
Halma,
1955, Huijsman.
—
1980, Kuyper
also
pinkish
to
Q
=
or
1.5-2.0,
(13—)14—23
pm,
2.0-2.5
to
up
similar
to
pm,
pleu-
van
—
near
America. Known
1982, Kuyper
23.IX.
7. IX.
2161.
—
Eifel:
1974,
1960, Bas
Duppach,
SCOTLAND:
BELGIUM:
Dunoon, 15.IX.1959, Kits
Rannoch,
Bas
2111.
3.X.
Jedburgh,
„
Centre, 22.1X.1983, Kuyper 2413\
Diepenveen,
16.IX.1983, Tjallingii-
Laan; Vencimont, Pichelotte,
GERMANY:
1465.
Widespread
Aug.-Oct.
Overijssel,
Transsinne,
Bois
to
also under
exceptionally
Kuinderbos,
6. IX.
der
only
undifferentiated
in North
...
lateritius, K); Glasgow,
Field
pruinose
in young
also present; often
only
part of the Netherlands.
Slovakia, NizkeTatry,i Bystradolina,,
—j
22.IX.
somewhat
white when
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
under coniferous, but
NETHERLANDS:
de
to
then
young,
mm,
pm,
x
Cheilocystidia
downwards
Northwestern
Luxembourg,
prov.
Gerolstein, Biischkapelle,
"ear
8.1-9.1
average
apex.
apex,
apex,
Tirol, Achenwald
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
-
—
to
over,
ventricose
broad,
whitish, discolouring
IJsselmeerpolders,
Namur: Ave-et-Auffe,
Kuyper
Context
rather
moist, somewhat shiny.
when
cheilocystidia; cauloparacystidia
to
localities in the central and
-
with
or
discolouring
young,
sericeous-fibrillose. Cortina present
on
pm,
obtuse
Predominantly
rare
pudica).
I.
later plano-convex
calcareous soil. Associated with Picea, Pinus, Quercus, and Fagus.
(very)
dan.
agar.
(as
4-spored. Caulocystidia present in apical part, descending
pm,
—
Fl.
1980
sericeous-fibrillose all
mm
to
Paracystidia spheropedunculate
7-9
& DISTRIBUTION.
trees on
COLLECTIONS
201.
spermatic.
crystalliferous
l/3rd part, similar
Central Europe,
from
2.
marginately bulbous, solid,
never
stipe.
taste
4.5-5.5
caulocystidia at extreme
differentiated caulocystidioid hairs.
■n
f.
applanate, without
whitish
free,
Lange,
J.
—
26,
indexed margin,
crowded,
but
mm),
the
on
Smell and
with
Basidia 26-35
HABITAT
1938
1911.
pale orange-red (somewhat paler than pileus),
true
frondose
112E.
(No spec.):
43
broadly fusiform, sometimes subutriform, thick-walled, wall
maximally
with
10
or
remnants
no
in
bright yellow,
to
76, pi.
3:
1938.
whitish
somewhat
l/3rd part, below
1.6-1.9, smooth, regular,
=
Inocybe
—
1925.
Linn.
6/6, 2.5 YR 6/8],
YR
moderately
(to
pinkish
to
upper
(7.5—)8.0—9.5(—10.0)
Q
1870.
pudica).
umbo, finally
rimulose,
not
105.
112H.
subappendiculate,
YR
1-3,
=
76, pi.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
narrowly adnate
swollen
slightly
466.
dan.
ochraceous brown [10 YR 5/4]; edge fimbriate, whitish. Stipe 40-81
to
Kiihner.
6:
1908.
agar.
Soc.
mens.
Rick., Blatterpilze:
young
margin
at
40-60,
=
sensu
Fl. agar.
highly
orange-red [7.5
subventricose,
in
Basidiomyc.: pi. 11, f.
when
to
diverging,
L
Huijsman
sensu
Lange,
umbo, margin
or
not
Pap.
lateritia
var.
rubescens).
I.
mm,
pronounced
Lamellae,
J.
Farbatl.
with
brick-pink
—
Mag.
Brit.
Rick., Blatterpilze: pi. 30,
—
(as
1938
Jiilich,
&
Smith, Syn.
W.G.
Inocybe
—
sensu
ICONES.
112H.
Mos.
Ann.
C.H. Kauffm. in
perplexa
f.
NAMES.
rubescens
SELECTED
3:
in
Europe
in
armeniacia).
whitei f.
Inocybe
Inocybe
r:
armeniaca).
whitei f.
1974 (=
e
B. & Br.
Inocybe geophylla
—
p
Agaricus flavidolilacinus
—
Br.)
&
Y
I. whitei f. whitei
lateritius
var.
U
van
>
—
White
—
FRANCE:
1979,
Jerdon
Waveren\
1.X.1875,
4.X.1982,
6381.
co.
Bas
7537\
(holotype
Perthshire;
(holotype
of A.
92
P
Figs.
of I.
53-56.
whitei
;
55.
Inocybe
from
whitei.
holotype
—
of I.
E
r
so
on
i
A—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
Spores, pleurocystidia
(53.
geophylla var. lateritia;
56. from
1986
from
Kuyper
holotype
2161 ;
of I.
54.
from
geophylla
f.
holotype
perplexa).
K
whitei, K).
of I.
geophylla
The
colour of
always
been
likely
2.
the
and
pileus
characters
for that
Europe
in
of
conform
I do
hesitate
not
White
gathered by
I.
be
autonomous,
an
f.
geophylla
&
fulvous.
as
it
rather
are
somewhat
enigmatic
were
whitei
these
old and/or
is
It
names.
an
has
Diepenveen
robust
and
the
some
prominently
a
pleurocystidia
umbo. As both the collections fit the
1
only
mixing
4.
these
°f the
and
the
to
of both
and
respects from the typical
umbonate
pileus,
bright
a
possess
Inocybe
nowadays
f.
to
but the
they
evidently
be
separated,
but
cortina,
a
on
occasional
of form.
godeyi Gillet,
account
of
account
on
characters,
an
suggest
only
not
also
without
considered here
are
accorded the rank
only
can
wall.
yellow
whitei in 2
armeniaca, they
collections
reason
easily
of
presence
Inocybe
NAMES.
geophylla
1974.
Huijsman
armeniaca
1938.
SELECTED
ICON.
Pileus 8-32
—
—
perplexa.
J.
Lange,
mm,
umbo
especially
very
pale
1
1-3,
at
margin
Mipe
stains;
18-57
x
edge
1.5-5
hairy
in
with
a
not
or
of
covering
spore-dimensions
mm,
to
to
on
to
to
I.
linn.
obtuse
201.
Lyon
var.
to
at
age,
Fig.
76, pi.
3:
(No spec.):
43
first around
112E.
201.
lateritia).
convex,
subacute
to
57
(basionym).
1974
dan.
agar.
geophylla
—
at
spreading,
papilla
or
margin, white
papilla,
to
pinkish
sericeous-smooth around centre, outwards
mm
subviscid
broad,
brown
subflocculose,
(almost) equal
(as
Soc.
Fl.
conico-convex
rimulose,
greyish
(No spec.):
Lange,
mens.
stat. nov.
subdentate-subappendiculate
orange,
hardly
43
J.
prominent,
very
discolouring
isabella
fimbriate
Bull.
112E. 1938
sometimes
reddish
solid, whitish,
slowly discolouring
slightly
pi.
moderately crowded, 3-5
narrowly adnate, greyish
Pinkish
to
in
Lyon
sensu
campanulato-convex,
young,
even
3:
linn.
lateritia
var.
dan.
agar.
specimens,
when
cream
=
Fl.
Soc.
mens.
Huijsman
sensu
applanate,
to
orange-yellow, finally
25-40,
Bull.
when young
in older
sericeous-fibrillose,
in
comb. &
(Huijsman) Kuyp.,
Inocybe geophylla
f.
finally plano-convex
to
These
type-form.
of f.
circumscription
conforming
I. whitei f. armeniaca
MISAPPLIED
or
fits
spore-form.
24.2.
to
more
taxa, and for that
can
taxa
stipe
I.
seems
but
umbonate,
whitei f. whitei has in former times been confused with I.
Inocybe
but
is
character
belonging
as
its
to
damaged.
prominently
The collection from Kuinderbos consists of small rather slender
specimens
and
as
has
However,
species.
synonymise
to
deviant
I.
reason
those of collections referred
to
perplexa
is
that
of f. whitei better than that of f. armeniaca.
The collection from
specimens
Coty, 29.IX.1959, Huijsman.
Le
Br.
For
Both collections from the Netherlands deviate in
form.
93
I
Hood, 29.IX.1922, Kauffman (holotype
Mount
whitei B.
Agaricus
completely
reason
specimens
holotype
circumscription
3.
Co.,
described
was
considered
that the
The
lnocybe
Clackamas
of
protologue
the
microscopical
pudica,
r:
E
perplexa, MICH).
f.
1.
Notes:
the
Oregon,
STATES:
P
Saignolis, 16.IX.1966, Huijsman',
SWITZERLAND:
—
UNITED
—
U Y
or
whitish,
yellowish
on
slightly bulbous,
but
to
to
brown,
bruising
ochraceous orange, similar
apical part (l/6th), longitudinally
when moist.
ventricose
not
not
with
Lamellae,
L
subventricose,
sometimes with
reddish
tinges.
marginately bulbous,
colour of
subfibrillose below.
pileus, pruinose
Cortina present
94
a—Suppl.
Persooni
Fig.
57.
Inocybe
whitei f. armeniaca.
specimens, leaving
in young
discolouring to pale
orange.
—
3,
1986
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
remnants
no
Vol.
Smell and
stipe.
the
on
Context
of I.
whitish,
armeniaca).
not
or
only slowly
spermatic.
taste
on
x 4.5-6.0
pm,
1.5-1.9,
average 8.1-8.9 x 4.9-5.3 pm, Q
Spores (7.0-)7.5-9.5(-10.0)
to subamygdaliform, with obtuse apex. Pleurocystidia 43-65(-70)
1.6-1.7, smooth, regular
=
Q
x
=
(12—) 14—22
pm,
yellow',
(very) pale
fusiform
with
frequent. Paracystidia
7-9
often
present;
intermediate
length
l/6th of
HABITAT
soil.
zone
of stipe.
and
stipe
—
similar
apex
only
at
to
extreme
differentiated
Quercus,
probably
and
colourless
or
pleurocystidia,
Basidia 23-32
frequent.
apex
and
caulocystidioid
Carpinus.
trees
x
an
extensive
to
rather calcareous
on
so
West
with
hairs, descending
Known
in
widespread
more
(im,
similar to
cheilocystidia, cauloparacystidia
Under frondose and coniferous
Picea,
Denmark,
to
1.5-2.0
to
frequent. Cheilocystidia
caulocystidia
true
Associated with Pinus,
Netherlands
at
of undifferentiated
DISTRIBUTION.
&
apex,
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
(broadly)
with
thick-walled, wall
subutriform,
Caulocystidia
4-spored.
(im,
also
to
crystalliferous
far
from
only
Rare
Europe.
in
the
the
Netherlands. Sept.-Nov.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
—
NETHERLA
NDS:
prov.
D
r
e
n
t
h
e,
Odoorn,
16.VIII.1985,
Weeda; prov. Gelderland, Apeldoorn, 1.XI.1962, Koopmans 453; IJsselmeerpoId
e
r
s:
Kuinderbos,
4.X.1975,
19.X.1983, Tjallingii-Beukers;
(holotype
of I.
armeniaca, L);
11.X.1942, Huijsman,
stede,
1.XI.
13.X.1972,
Note:
22.X.
1972, Huijsman,
Barkman 9568
prov.
23.X.
Voorsterbos,
12.X.1983,
Revebos,
Kuyper 2415;
_
Noord-Holland, Vogelenzang, 19.X.1958,
Zuid-Holland, Wassenaar, 15.IX.1940,
1938, Zaneveld
1982,
&
Bas
10.IX.
8037
&
1952,
8038.
Leenhouls
—
866;
prov.
DENMARK:
Z
e
e
1
Bas
1616
20.X.1940
a
n
d,
&
Haam-
Jylland, Frederikshavn,
(WBS).
Huijsman (in Bull.
that both forms
Tjallingii-Beukers;
prov.
(considered
mens.
to
be
Soc. linn.
Lyon
autonomous
43
(No spec.):
species by him)
195.
1974)
could also be
asserted
separated
Kuvper:
on
of the
account
reddening
on
drying
Although there is
my
reddening
a
observations
in f.
of the
Inocybe
in
basidiocarps
Europe
on
drying: completely
whitei, incompletely and only
general tendency in f. whitei
indicate
that
this
to
character
indistinctly
show
is
95
I
more
and
strongly
in f. armeniaca.
pronounced reddening,
gradual
too
so
be
to
reliable
for
identification.
25.
Inocybe
Pileus
tarda
9-36
var.
mm,
centro minute
Inocybe subporospora
sabulosa
Beller
plano-convexus
& M. Bon
vel
Kuyp.,
in M. Bon
applanatus,
subsquamuloso, margine
subtus
brunneo-rufescens, apice
Odor spermaticus. Sporae
germinativo
indistincto.
7.5-10.5
x
apice,
descendentia
Meijendel,
Wassenaar,
ad
Etymology: subporospora,
Figs.
jum,
vel
14-42
Caro
albida
grisea
x
in
2-5
with
58-59.
an
indistinct
21.
1975
obtectus.
pileo,
obtusae
non
Lamellae
bulbosus,
rufo-brunnea
versus
jum,
apicem,
late
in
anguste
albido-
stipite.
cum
poro
fusiformia
vel
tetrasporigera. Caulocystidia presentia
Holotypus:
Th.
W.
Zuid-Holland, the Netherlands, (L, isotypus BR).
spores
58-59
mm,
(13—) 14—20(—21)
Basidia
simillima.
Figs.
rufofuscus, fibrilloso-tomentosus,
tenui
Stipes
x
—
mycol. 5(17):
laeves, regulares,
simillima.
trienteni, cheilocystidia
prov.
albo.
(45-)46-57(-59)
subutriformia, crassiparietalia, cheilocystidia
>n
Docs
rufobrunneus
pruinoso.
5.0-6.5
Pleurocystidia
in
rimuloso, velipelle
non
adnatae, (pallide) brunneae, margine fimbriato,
fibrillosus,
nov.
spec.
Kuyper 2142, 2.IX.1982,
germ-pore.
I.
from
authentic
material
of
Inocybe subporospora.
Spores,
griseobrunnea;
—
59.
from
holotype
of I.
subporospora).
pleurocystidia
(58.
96
P
Pileus 9-36
specimens
brown
mm,
dark
to
=
30-45,1
2-5
to
7.5-10.5
Spores
=
swollen below,
underneath
Context whitish in
specimens.
1.5-1.6, smooth, regular
similar to
2.0
up to
8-10
Basidia
26-31
more
less similar
or
HABITAT
frondose
&
trees
x
x
rather
/am,
COLLECTIONS
—
BEL
G
U
sabulosa,
EXAMINED.
is
the
—
Z
prov.
M: prov.
not a
The
presence
2.
an
18.V.
e
e
1
a
2346 ;
present
in
in
in
trees
germ-pore.
subutriform, thick-
to
l/3rd part
apical
dune-sand,
with Pinus and
Belgium
of
prov.
Bois
Le
found
once
Known
Quercus.
and France.
stipe,
&
under
from three
May, Sept.-Nov.
Noordwijk,
Zuid-Holland:
Bas 7761
2.IX.1982, Kuyper
Vendee, Fromentine, XI.1965,
2617.
Bon
(holotype
2142
1972,
& 6.XI.
Roptai, 2.X.1984, Kuyper
character of this
distinctive
an
indistinct
is
germ-pore
at
—
Bas
5977.
FRANCE:
(holotype
of I.
luteipes
J.
tarda
some
and
species
the
of
apex
I.
the
Favre
A
spores.
good
for the observation of this character.
needed, however,
36.1)
comes
thinning of the spore-wall
Metrod in
Bois de
(France,
close
very
Sapois,
however, does
with I.
not
the apex, but
near
Inocybe luteipes
ICON.
19
Ergebn.
J. Favre in
J.
—
mm,
fibrillose,
Favre
in
at
I.
trimest.
Soc.
herb.
mycol
I
subporospora.
15.IX.1941,
an
Fr.
allow
for
a
Metrod, PC),
certain
72:
examined
an
124.
1956
authentic
and noted spores
indistinct germ-pore. The short
luteipes
margin
J. Favre
wiss. Unters.
Ergebn.
conico-convex
but
Bull,
to
determination,
macroscopical
although
it
is
subporospora.
26. Inocybe
to
(1.4—)1.5-1.7, Q
=
with indistinct
d, Haamstede, 29.X.1972, Huijsman
n
obtuse apex and sometimes
description,
Pileus
coniferous
occurring
1983, Kuyper
most
of
probably conspecific
coarsely
_
Q
germ-pore.
Art.
SELECTED
in young
spermatic.
taste
fusiform
of
YR
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
NETHERLANDS:
Inocybe griseobrunnea
collection
with
in upper part [5
/am,
apex,
broadly
/im,
Caulocystidia
Under
—
sometimes show
species
true
(inval.,
with obtuse
Paracystidia
scarce.
Namur, Ave-et-Auffe,
microscopical equipment
Other
5.4-6.0
x
because
Cortina present
so.
Smell and
14-42
Stipe
whitish
Bon).
herb.
1.
Notes:
8.1-9.6
calcareous loam. Associated
dpt. Manche, Biville,
var.
stipe.
15.XI.1957,Huijsman\ Wassenaar, 9.V.1981,
I
L
cheilocystidia; cauloparacystidia also present.
to
subporospora, L);
of I.
inconspicuously
(13—) 14—20(—21)
localities in the Netherlands, also
31.X.1957 &
concolorous.
to
red-brown, especially
soon
average
4-spored.
DISTRIBUTION.
on
margin
disappearing. Lamellae,
soon
truly bulbous, solid,
not
subamygdaliform,
to
minutely
at
colourless, with apex crystalliferous, rather frequent. Cheilocystidia
/am,
pleurocystidia,
on
/am,
Pleurocystidia (45-)46-57(-59)
walled, wall
centre
becoming recurvately squamulose,
red-brown in
pileus,
5.0-6.5
x
around
young
dark red-
broad, somewhat ventricose, narrowly adnate,
rather
upper l/3rd, but
in
4/6-4/8], pruinose
mm
umbo, in
young,
fibrillose-tomentose,
and
up
without
or
inflexed when
6/4, 5/4]; edge fimbriate, whitish
slightly
to
aeriferous fibrils,
longitudinal
1986
rather indistinct and
greyish,
brown [10 YR
equal
mm,
3,
Vol.
applanate, with
to
4/3-4/6],
breaking
1-3, normally crowded, 2.5-5
=
brown
pale
x
YR
[7.5
somewhat
rimulose; velipellis thin,
not
A—Suppl.
on i
prominently umbonate, margin slightly
brown
later
so
plano-convex
convex,
sometimes
subsquamulose,
R
e
or
not
wiss.
schweiz.
Unters.
convex,
—
Figs.
60-61
NatParks,
schweiz.
N.F.
NatParks,
5:
indistinctly umbonate,
radially rimulose,
more
201.
N.F.
1955.
5:
dark
pi.
8,
f.
13.
1955.
greyish brown,
smooth around disc because
Inocybe
Kuvper:
of
Lamellae, L
velipellis.
15-30, 1
=
narrowly adnate, whitish when
Stipe
22
to
whitish
3.5
x
mm,
base,
near
Context whitish in
Spores
1.3—
pruinose
often
=
with
in
known
&
only
indistinct
stipe.
spermatic.
on
pm,
ochraceous
or
Taste
not
recorded.
average 9.5-9.8
to
apical
46-78
6.6-6.9
x
11—20(—21)
x
broadly clavate, thick-walled, with
at
pyriform, thin-walled,
part, descending
to
colourless. Basidia 25-36
l/6th of
stipe,
similar
to
Q
=
cylindrical,
3.0
/im
thick,
pleurocystidia.
to
8-11
x
/im,
with obtuse
/am,
to
up
similar
Cheilocystidia
apex.
white.
yellow,
white-fibrillose downwards.
longitudinally
Smell
Pleurocystidia
germ-pore.
DISTRIBUTION.
EXAMINED.
/am,
cheilocystidia
4-spored.
and mixed
Isetten,
1940 m,
Note: Easily
tinges
Figs.
—
Daube-Oberberghorn,
alt.
in
3.IX.1985,
recognised
stipe. Shape
60-61.
81.162).
Associated with
—
Dryas octopetala
on
calcareous soil. So far
Alps. Aug.
SWITZERLAND:
1950, Favre (lectotype
m, 20. VIII.
Platte,
et
somewhat
6.0-7.0(-7.5)
x
fusiform
from the Swiss
COLLECTIONS
Irl
edge fimbriate,
cauloparacystidia.
HABITAT
2400
broad, ventricose,
mm
1.4, smooth, mostly regular but sometimes subamygdaliform,
clavate
Caulocystidia
with
in
yellow wall, crystalliferous
to
Paracystidia
apex,
pileus, yellowish
cylindrico-subfusiform,
colourless
at
4
to
dark ochraceous brown;
finally
somewhat swollen below, solid, bright
to
(8.5—)9.0—10.5(— 11.0)
1,5(—1.6), (J
apex,
equal
97
I
1-3, somewhat distant,
=
young,
Europe
in
alt.
of I.
2040
m,
Irlet 85.152
Kt.
luteipes, design.
6.VIII.
1981,
Inocybe luteipes.
dimensions
—
Irlet
81.162
&
Val
Kuyper, G);
(BERN);
dal
Kt.
Botsch,
alt.
Bern; Schynige
Schynige Platte,
Usser
(BERN).
because of spores with
and
Graubunden, Fuorn,
Monthoux
of the
an
indistinct germ-pore and
yellowish
show much
variation
pleurocystidia
Spores, pleurocystidia (60.
from
lectotype
of I.
luteipes;
61.
from
98
and it
be
might
with cylindrical
I.
luteipes
whereas
J.
(Velen.)
1955 (inval., Art.
the
regarding
Agaricus
Fr.:
5: 786.
(P. Karst.)
Fung.
Agaricus
in
1821.
trivialis
var.
Inocybe
Inocybe
5.
with I. lucifuga
schweiz.
NatParks,
for
a
N.F.
balanced judgement
Inocybe
—
(Fr.:
lacera
Fr.) Kumm.,
Fiihr.
1882.
Inocybe
—
deflectens (Britz.)
Sacc., Syll.
mitracea
Inocybe
minima
naturw. Ver.
in
Zbl.
Britz.
Soc.
16: 521.
Fauna
Flora
fenn.
9:
1882.
43.
—
Inocybe
1888.
Augsburg
30:
19.
1890.
—
Inocybe
observabilis
(Britz.)
Bot.
Houby:
Ceske
Houby:
Ceske
Houby:
in
1895.
Inocybe oblongispora (Britz.)
—
Sacc.
&
Denkschr.
1920,
non
Inocybe
carbonaria
(Fr.:
Fr.)
Roze
1876.
1920.
381.
381.
Inocybe pallescens Velen., Ceske Houby:
Killerm.
278.
379.
380.
Houby:
Velen., Ceske
Velen.,
62:
1899.
Ceske
Velen.,
mammosa
Inocybe
Meddn
Ber.
14: 133.
Velen.j
carbonaria
in
Karst.
1895.
oblongisporus
demitrata
P.
Acta Soc. Sci. fenn.
Britz. in
11: 54.
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Inocybe
Sudbayern:
Dermini
Karst. in
P.
Agaricus observabilis
Sacc., Syll.
Syd.
conforming
affinities
(Fr.: Fr.) Kumm.
257.
1:
best
one
luteipes.
lacera
mycol.
is
viz.
fusiform
1887.
Inocybe deglubens
trivialis
of I.
(broadly)
1871.
Agaricus deflectens Britz.,
Fung.
some
involved,
are
with
latter type
Unters.
wiss.
Ergebn.
in
Inocybe
Syst.
The
taxa
one
More material is necessary
33.2).
Fr.,
wall.
former type shows
infraspecific variability
lacerus
1986
wall, and
yellow
a
colourless
the
Favre
27.
Pilzk.: 79.
with
almost
an
str.,
3,
Vol.
different infraspecific
two
pleurocystidia
s.
lutescens
var.
5: 95.
that
possible
with
pleurocystidia
to
a—Suppl.
Persooni
1920.
1920.
377.
1920.
bayer.
bot.
Ges.
16:
105.
1925,
non
Inocybe
minima
Peck
1913.
Inocybe
moravica
Hruby
Inocybe
rhacodes
J. Favre
EXCLUDED.
—
in
Hedwigia
Ergebn.
in
trivialis
Inocybe
70: 279.
1930.
schweiz. NatParks,
wiss. Unters.
sensu
P.
Karst. in
Acta Soc. Sci.
KEY TO THE VARIETIES
1.
Edge
Edge
1.
of lamellae
without such
protruding
2.
Spores remarkably broad, Q
2.
Spores
more
Spores
3.
Note:
Spores
on
mucronate
to
var.
place
on
the
x
4.5-5.6
on
x
5.8-6.6
near
some
pleurocystidia
can
pm,
also be
I.
flocculosa).
elements,
catenate, brown-incrusted
var.
or
Q
/um,
Q
spore-form, which
goniosporous
(=
=
p
regularis,
p.
2.1-2.9; pleurocystidia
slightly
more
var.
quite often
habitat preference,
Inocybes.
observed in
I.
102
105
parameciiform.
1.9-2.3; pleurocystidia
is
with
rhacodes,
var
marshy places
helobia, and acidophytic
1955.
1888
elements.
dry places
11.4-13.8
bright yellow;
201.
16: 521.
1.8, (almost) regular
=
11.0-14.2
colourless;
of
protruding,
catenate
N.F. 5:
I. LACERA
1.9-2.9, minimally angular
-
average
account
in
natural
pale
Q
average
on
wall
On
especially
narrow,
walled,
wall
of
resembling cheilocystidia
element
3.
its
partly consisting
at least
of lamellae
terminal
OF
fenn.
thickp
99
thick-walled,
helobia, p.
103
minimally angular,
I.
Darkening
curvipes
lacera
lacera would find
of the
P. Karst.
stipe
and
K
u
Y
E
P
27.1. I. lacera
Agaricus
lacerus
oblongisporus
Inocybe
Hruby
Fr.:
Britz.
Fr.
Velen.
mammosa
carbonaria
Inocybe
—
Inocybe deglubens var.
—
trivialis
lacera
Inocybe
lacera
var.
Inocybe
heterosperma
lacera
var.
griseolilacinoides M.
Inocybe
lacera
var.
Inocybe
lacera
f.
Inocybe
gracilis
lacera
f.
subsquarrosa
Inocybe
lacera
f.
luteophylla M.
1955.
EXCLUDED.
SELECTED
"ID,
1981.
D
1.
—
1938.
Pileus
prominently
[7.5
YR
in
in
auct.
29:
towards
1: 226.
(=
Velen.
731.
Basidiomyc.: pi. 18,
f.2.
brown
Lamellae,
broadly
L
to
exceptionally
35-50, 1
=
ochraceous brown
whitish
or
to
to
25-110
Stipe
young,
1-6
Without bulb, solid,
finally fistulose, whitish
—
then
sheen
brown
lilac
or
at
tinges, brown
base, progressively
often rather
coarsely
reddish brown
feint, indistinct
to
to
so.
dark
reddish brown
or
darkening
Cortina
brown
R.
Lange,
J.
—
Phillips,
suprahilar
depression,
(13-) 14-21(-22)
triform,
at
apex
thick-walled,
not
rather
5-32
9-11
convex,
&
smooth
of
reminding
(sub)fusiform
to
(1.5—)2.0
nm,
4-spored,
a
to
pm,
clavate
few
a narrow zone
DISTRIBUTION.
—
dan.
agar.
pi
3:
Schimm.:
plano-convex
brown
YR
[10
at
152
2-8
5/4-6/6],
up
to
sometimes
rimulose,
not
and then recurvately
(very)
or
indistinct.
rather
yellowish, finally ochraceous,
to
even
somewhat enlarged
upper
half-way,
often
centre
broad, (sub)ventricose,
mm
5/4]; edge almost
equal
finally
to
straight,
margin
absent
velipellis
so;
to
dark brown around
subsquamulose,
not
subfimbriate,
at
base, but
half, sometimes with reddish
dark
brown
to
almost
blackish
pruinose, longitudinally white-fibrillose,
young
near
4.0-6.0(-6.5)
Context whitish
specimens.
sometimes with
apex
to
to
pm,
on
lilac
a
Boletus-
spores.
more
11.0-14.2
average
minimally angular,
often acute,
colourless wall
frequent.
often
Pleurocystidia
cylindrical-subfusiform,
indistinctly crystalliferous,
stipe with
HABITAT
x
2.1-2.9,
frequent. Paracystidia
x
<tpex of
hairs.
up
in
but
sometimes rounded but
with
rather
or
jum,
=
age,
Fl.
Paddest.
in
tinge.
pileus,
Smell
Taste indistinct.
subspermatic.
-9—)2.0—3.2(—3.3), (5
present
in stipe,
Spores (9.0—) 10.0— 15.5(—16.0)
(1
on
201.
1983.
subappendiculate
buff in
to
5:
helobia).
var.
exceptionally
mm,
N.F.
1985.
Y 5/4, 5 Y
[2.5
x
NatParks,
1945.
1980.
moderately crowded,
olivaceous brown
concolorous.
—
moravica
1977.
('1982')
1930.
ochraceous
to
whitish when
narrowly adnate,
Inocybe
1979.
indistinctly umbonate,
conspicuously
very
1-3,
=
Velen.
1917.
conico-convex,
fibrillose
coarsely
69: 403.
subtomentose-smooth around centre, but
pileal covering later breaking
(sub)squamose,
—
Agaricus
—
demitrata
1979.
I. lacera
pi.
70.
margin
over,
Britz.
Inocybe
—
schweiz.
8: 84.
25.
32.
8: 83.
indexed when young and
margin
ochraceous brown all
2(7):
pi.
umbonate but sometimes only
3/4],
15:
campanulato-convex,
mm,
Ark.
Faroes
Iconogr. mycol.
Farbatl.
Sydowia
Sydowia
sensu
Unters.
mycol. 12(48):
Docs
Beih.
gracilis
wiss.
Mycologia
Beih.
Dansk bot.
Bon in
lacera f.
Bon in
Mailer, Fungi
F.
Roze
Inocybe pallescens
—
Grund & Stuntz in
Lange
Bres.,
—
Jiilich,
with
J.
observabilis
Agaricus
—
(Fr.: Fr.)
Ergebn.
Favre in
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
12-42
applanate,
J.
aberrans Reumaux
Inocybe
ICONES.
Mos. &
—
heterocystis
Velen.
Figs. 62-65
—
Britz.
non
99
I
P. Karst.
Inocybe
var.
Velen.
mitracea
Europe
in
lacera
var.
Agaricus deflectens
—
Inocybe
—
Inocybe
r:
(but
x
4.5-5.6
with
tending
to
sometimes mucronate,
Cheilocystidia
in
one
similar
pyriform, thin-walled, colourless,
to
to
x
subu-
slightly
collection),
apex
pleurocystidia,
abundant. Basidia
2-spored. Caulocystidia (almost) completely absent,
of undifferentiated
Q
(45-)46-74(-78)
sometimes
yellow
pm,
conspicuous
extreme
somewhat differentiatedcaulocystidioid
Under frondose and coniferous
trees
on
siliceous,
nutrient-
Poor, dry sand, also
occurring on old fireplaces. Associated with Betula, Quercus, Castanea,
Salix
repens, Pinus, and Picea. Widespread in Europe and North America, but locally
rare. Common in
the Netherlands.
April-Nov.
extremely
100
P
Figs.
62-65.
lectotype
of I.
of I.
lacera
f.
Inocybe
lacera.
deglubens
gracilis).
var.
—
e
r
so
o
N
I
A—Suppl.
Spores, pleurocystidia
trivialis;
64.
from
Fungi
Vol.
(62.
3,
1986
from
holotype
exsiccati suecici
2309;
of I.
65. from
moravica;
authentic
63.
from
material
K
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
u
y
p e
Inocybe
r:
NETHERLANDS:
—
D
8914; prov.
r
451 ;
e
h
t
n
Elspeet,
Havelte,
e,
1956,
27.V.
26.IX.1954,
Bas
663
H
d:
Graveland,
1
o
1
a
n
's
Holland, Noordwijk,
Boxtel,
i
L
—
b
m
1981,
5.IX.
7.VI.1981,
u
r
(isotype
VI.
I.
30.VIII.
lacera
of.
I.
Veselsky
&
(herb. Klan).
material
of I.
D:
trivialis,
lacera
Tavastia
e
prov.
G
griseolilacinoides, herb.
Reumaux).
—
G
13.1X.1984, Kuyper
Kuyper
2409.
2309, PC).
—
S
2531.
w
E
N:
UNITED
—
E
—
Notes. 1.
prov.
49;
9464;
with the
However,
N
G
L
N
A
Pas
Marais
Microscopical
not
a
show
clinal
STATES:
var.
and
for
pattern,
D:
dimensions
show
are
of I.
probably
Butees
Perthshire,
are
always
reason
d
1
d
-
-
prov.
9187.
1969,
Bird
Bechovice,
PRC); Rip, VI.1916,
PRC); Moravia,
of I.pallescens,
VIII.
5.VIII. 1965, Reid.
(lectotype
71110305
(holotype
near
—
6.IX. 1979,
1940, Lange (authentic
of I.
of
Bon
Kindrogan
75018
var.
:prov.
other
extremes
N-
(holotype
of
lacera
aberrans,
herb.
Parma, Vighini,
Centre, 21.IX.1983,
Field
Carp Lake,
in
I
var.
some
26. VI.
suecici
1963,
Bas
macroscopical
through intermediates
taxonomic
could
status
variation. Some of this variation does
e.g.
Europe
breadth
possess
of
by
I. lacera
var.
under
spores
conditions,
as
alpine habitats)
in arctic and
specimens growing
show
Alps. However,
metereological
(especially
spores
narrower
those that grow in the
influenced
as
formal
characters,
especially
such
especially
connected
no
north-western
also
near
F
—
deglubens
(holotype
lacera
Italy
I.
luteophylla.
show much
in this character than
conditions. Therefore even
a
25.V.
Bohemia:
mammosa,
Surrey, Oxsholt,
CO.
under adverse conditions
variability
more
Park,
Calais, Libercourt, XI.1970,
Hauts
and f.
but
from
Specimens
specimens growing
r
u
Maas Geesteranus
National
Jylland, Munkebjerg,
de
that
than specimens from Central Europe,
spore
o
Z
9957; Otztal, Timeljoch, 5.IX.1982,
Michigan, Cheboygan Co.,
variants
characters also
pattern.
o
1.XI.1956, Jansen; Eindhoven,
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
lacera is very variable,
extreme
definite
any
des
griseolilacinoides
to var.
N
prov.
Smaland, Femsjo, Slattagardet, 24.IX.1943,Z,«n</e//(Fungi exsiccati
variant,
'typical'
be accorded
Apeldoorn,
Noord-Brabant:
prov.
: Eifel,Gerolstein,9.IX.1970,Bas5344.
lacera
Inocybe
d:
n
71.019; Nijmegen,
moravica, BRNO); Ostrava, Halda, Luiina,
of I.
FRANCE:
3161.
characters.
a
14027;
van
Annapolis Co., Kejimkujik
SCOTLAND:CO,
—
D E
I
r
Winden
Maas Geesteranus
DENMARK:
—
Bon);
EIMANY
e
Kleuver
1972,
of I. lacera f.
I.
luteophylla, herb. Bon); Roost-Warendin, 3.XI.1971, Bon
var.
d
1870; Ossendrecht, 6.VI.1954, Bas-Moes;
Bas
—
Schiermonnikoog,
d:
n
Geesteranus
26.V.
1919, Velenovsky (holotype
VII.
gracilis, C).
—
1
e
australis, Tammela, Mustiala, 11.VIII.1881, Karsten
design, mihi, H).
a
1971, de
21.VIII.
1752; Dorst,
Bas
1
s
Wijnjeterp, 18.IX.1982, Rubers
1963, Verschueren; Maastricht, 15.X.1952,
1927, Hruby (holotype
f.
i
r
2319-
mitracea); Jevany, V.1920, Velenovsky (holotype
VII.
AN
1.IX.1959,
101
I
carbonaria, PRC); Praha, Vidrholec, VIII.1919, Velenovsky (holotype
of I.
Brno, Stadtwald,
Klan
Maas
Geesteranus
21.IV.1960,
Scotia,
Nova
demitrata, PRC); Mnichovice,
Veleno vsky (holotype
L
Maas
heterosperma, WTU).
var.
1919, Velenovsky (holotype
of I.
1964,
Otztal, Windachtal, 18.VI.1954,
CANADA:
—
of
18.V.
Breda,
Oisterwijk,
Annendaal,
g:
AUSTRIA:
Trimbach.
618;
Enzlin;
Sullock
1957, Daams; Laren,
12.IX.1953,
Schreurs
7957 ;
Rubers
22.X.
2318 &
Brummelen; Hemmen,
Wageningen,
;
1983,
3.VII.
van
F
prov.
18.XI.1984, Vellinga 734; Terschelling, 27.X.1982, Kuyper
Koopmans
Europe
in
more
heterosperma
do
favourable
not
deserve
formal ranking.
2. The holotype of I.
var.
lacera. likewise
3. The
consisting
taxon
collection of
type
of
must
pallescens represents
without
two
be
stipe (Art. 9.2).
different
lectotypified
any
a
(semi-)albinistic
variant of I.
lacera
formal taxonomic value.
Inocybe deglubens
species.
with the
var.
Karsten's
specimens
trivialis P. Karst. is
protologue
clearly
heterogeneous,
indicates that
with slender spores and
a
his
darkening
102
Persooni
27.2. I.
Inocybe
lacera
rhacodes
SELECTED ICON.
Pileus
11-21
prominently
to
brown
to even
J. Favre
J.
—
mm,
so,
[7.5
3
not
in
stat.
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
NatParks,
N.F. 5:
Ergebn.
3/3, 5/4, tending
YR
wiss.
Unters.
to
mm
broad,
not
15-23
x
66.
2-3
an
mm,
when
Inocybe
rhacodes).
patches
6/6],
over
olivaceous
plano-convex,
to
but with
a
greyish
L
=
subventricose, broadly
tinge [10
YR
30-35,
var.
rhacodes.
—
201.
later
on
5:
1955
=
f.
5.
to
rather
dark
1955.
not
brown
squamulose
conspicuous
1-3, rather crowded,
adnate, isabella-brown
less
66
(basionym).
pi. 7,
hue, coarsely
1
Fig.
umbonate, but
4/3-4/4]; edge minutely
longitudinally fibrillose,
—
subinvolute,
with indistinct
age,
nov.
N.F.
equal, solid, brown, somewhat darker brown
young
lacera
to
NatParks,
lamellae and
velipellis. Lamellae,
of
ventricose
schweiz.
convex
extending
somewhat
1986
comb. &
recurvately subsquarrulose, especially with
pruinose,
Fig.
I.
Ergebn.
3,
Vol.
(J. Favre) Kuyp.,
campanulato-convex,
margin
brown, finally with
Stipe
in
Favre
white, subsquamulose
to
rhacodes
var.
a—Suppl.
at
distinctly
to
dark
flocculose, white.
base,
so.
even
at
apex
Cortina present
Spores, pleurocystidia, cheilocystidia (from holotype
of
K
in
Q
1.9-2.4,
=
even
28-38
x
at
in
on
pm,
cystidium,
10—13
& DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTIONS
i
T
z E
R L
of I.
rhacodes, G);
&
for
origin
that
adverse
to
the recognition
Inocybe
varietate typica
lutescente
towards
(sub)acute
least
partly
extreme
in the
apex,
a
bright yellow
to
consisting
catenate,
of lamellae, with terminal
also present,
cheilocystidia
of
apex
(sub)alpine
Alps
Restefond,
de
Moulin,
with
stipe only
zone.
a
Associated with
and Scotland,
24.VII.1982,
occurring
not
Trimbach
23.IX. 1983,
82.339 &
2298.
Kuyper
20.VIII. 1943,
alt. 2550 m,
15.IX.1982, Irlel
the
that
distinctive
this
—
2420.
—
(holotype
Favre
21.IX.1984, Kuyper 2570, 2572,
NH
4
character of
is
nothing
helobia
var.
Pileus 11-29
—
et
ochraceous brown
but
fibrils
and
becoming
or
not
very
or
in
hardly
somewhat
brown [10
YR-2.5
concolorous
to
(very) slender,
Y
white.
but
var.
but
an
var.
in
—
is
would
study
a
and
a
might,
phenotypical
result
ultimately
variant of
exotypic
nov.
lacera
var.
detailed
rhacodes
(frost), which
Kuyp.,
habitatione
in
paludosis.
locis
Netherlands
lacera
f.
gracilis sensu
var.
lacera.
Figs. 67-68
Holotypus:
Th.
W.
cum
pariete
Kuyper
2124,
(L).
outer
to
blackish brown around
half [10
diverging,
more
often
5/4]
Stipe
auct.
applanate, mostly prominently
to
at
YR
margin
to
not
rimulose,
dark
20-56
brown
x
sometimes rather
1-4
L
so,
=
mm,
stout,
20-40, 1
rather
[7.5
=
YR 3/2,
slightly
equal
apex
3/3],
brown
subsquamulose,
breaking
up
on
age
velipellis
1-3, moderately crowded, 3-6
broadly
to
to
subtomentose;
to
narrowly adnate, yellow-
4/6]; edge almost
YR
solid,
[7.5
fibrillose
around disc
distinctly squamulose,
conspicuously
umbonate,but sometimes with
centre
4/4-5/6], coarsely
thin and indistinct. Lamellae,
broad, ventricose,
that
more
marshy places.
in
Inocybe
convex
mm,
A
sporis latioribus, subparameciiformibus, pleurocystidiis clavatis,
OH,
e\o/3io, living
NAME.
assumed.
conditions
taxon
parallel
to
seems
is
Peck
non
differt
in
rhacodes
low, broad umbo, dark brown
mm
at
Sesvenna,
Val
the
1982, Loampits, Buren, Gelderland,
MISAPPLIED
absent
shrubs
Col
Haut
climatological
minima Killerm.
Etymology:
to
absent,
Pitlochry,
dimensions
var.
27.3. I. lacera
a
(1.8—)1.9—2.6,
=
almost colourless
at
Known from the
near
Bern, Steingletscher,
Kt.
however, reveal
reaction
25.VIII.
/am,
Q
/am,
parameciiform. Pleurocystidia
hairs.
FRANCE:
—
Note: Variation in spore
A
of stipe.
cortex
2576.
polyphyletic
crassa,
in
clavate, with (slightly) thickened, brown wall. Basidia
retusa.
Graubiinden,
N D: Kt.
A
5.0-6.5
fusiform,
to
2.0-3.0
x
to
projecting beyond edge
Under dwarf
—
Perthshire,
CO.
2573
in
brownish
July-Sept.
EXAMINED.
SCOTLAND:
w
but
stipe,
Cheilocystidia
Caulocystidia
Salix herbacea, and Salix
in the Netherlands.
S
103
I
with thickened brownish walls, normal
4-spored.
/urn,
to
up
elements
pleurocystidia. Paracystidia
HABITAT
Europe
10.9-14.5
average
cylindrical
/am,
few rather undifferentiated
caulocystidioid
Betula,
in
and
pileus
abundant.
apex,
cylindrical
catenate
true
as
to
Inocybe
r:
minimally angular, regular
to
(14—)15—21(—22)
x
wall, crystalliferous
similar
E
mucronate, thick-walled, with
of chains of
element
4.5-7.0
x
almost smooth
(50-)54-78(-79)
few
P
indistinct.
taste
Spores (9.5—)10.0-17.0
_
Y
Context whitish
specimens.
young
Smell and
U
even
somewhat enlarged
whitish
tp
pale
to
at
fimbriate,
base, often
cream,
half-way
104
Figs.
68.
P
67-68.
from
Inocybe
holotype
of I.
lacera
var.
E
R
S
O
helobia.
O
N
—
I a—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
1986
Spores, pleurocystidia (67.
from
holotype
minima).
Fig.
69.
Inocybe
Fig.
70.
Inocybe impexa.
lacera
var.
—
regularis.
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from neotype
of I.
maritima).
of
var.
helobia;
K
ochraceous buff
brown,
to
s
Cortina present in
reddish brown in
Spores
Q
15-26
to
to
acute, and
bright
few
almost black,
to
towards
sometimes
heavily
frequent. Paracystidia
crystalliferous,
pyriform
thick-walled and somewhat
minutely
few
a
2-spored.
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
Salix
Europe.
Rather
absent,
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Arnolds
Bas
Arnolds
5076 &
11.VIII.1971,
Overasselt,
de Kleuver
26.X.1960,
Utrecht,
6.X. 1969,
Mariapeel,
393;
20. VI.
Maas
prov.
1970,
VII. 1985, Weeda;
Gabsweiler
Hengelo,
Veenendaal,
Arnolds
near
1984,
71.006 &
Brabant: Strijbeek,
2.
19.X.1981,
15.VII.
Overijssel,
prov.
Bas
e
1970,
1
e
5252.
Oberpfalz,
Michelau,
Arnolds
prominent umbo,
seems
a
both variants is
is
not
of
of
apex
in West
n
taxon
rather
be
to
but
10-12
x
with
stipe
Europe,
is
stout
Hanff.
few
a
hairs.
rare
in Central
It
impossible.
seems
16.VIII. 1974,
23.X.
are
of
var.
Buren,
helobia, L);
1632;
Langeoog,
of I.
that
N
prov.
prov.
prov.
L
1
o
b
is
with
only
from the
demarcation between
suggest that
to
-
g,
umbonate. This
known
a
r
1975,
25.VII.
from slender forms
reason
d
r
u
Flinthorndiinen,
Ranland, Nesland,
and
o
m
minima, M); Bavaria,
only indistinctly
repens
a
785;
Bas
(holotype
unreasonable
not
but consists
73.019;
Kleuver
Kuyper
1982, Kuyper 2308;
NORWAY:
and for
lacera
25.VII.1981,
Niedersachsen,
Killermann
Salix
to
Huijsman; Roide,
Gelderland:
of I.
1955,
VII.
Borger, 7.IX.1982,
9.VIII. 1973, de
variable, ranging
very
d, Terschelling,
n
Noord-Holland, Schoorl,
prov.
forms that
occur
a
(holotype
Staverden,
—
1
s
Drenthe:
prov.
2124
d, Haamstede,
restricted
monophyletic origin
e
Jansen; Zundert, 28.VI.1955,
25.VIII. 1982,
to
Weeda;
GERMANY:
—
i
r
prov.
(WBS); Wijster,
Huijsman;
Moosloh, VIII.1918,
intermediates
dunes. However,
abundant. Basidia 27-35
(WBS): Gieten,
4816
5162
13497;
Geesteranus
Z
1618;
25.VIII.1982, Kuyper
23.IX.
Note: The habit of this
latter variant
pale
yum,
similar
marshy soil. Associated with Alnus,
on
prov. F
NDS:
15.VII.1982,
15.VII. 1959,
to
2.5(-3.0)
to
x
apex obtuse
Cheilocystidia
extreme
widespread
Noordeloos
Arnolds
Tjallingii-Beukers.
a
fim,
irregular,
(41—)42—67(—72)
towards
crystalliferous caulocystidioid
trees
Probably
NETHERLA
—
1499 &
(WBS); Diever, 29.IX.1982,
4794
24.X. 1983,
Under frondose
at
or
in the Netherlands. June-Oct.
common
Jansen, 27.VII.1958,
—
and Salix repens.
spec.,
5.8-6.6
x
clavate, thin-walled and colourless,
to
rather undifferentiated to somewhat thick-walled,
Betula,
frequent.
brownish-tinged,
Caulocystidia
with up
thick-walled,
(sub)mucronate,
apex
11.4-13.8
(broadly) fusiform,
to
so.
brown
mostly slightly
Pleurocystidia
applanate.
age,
on
indistinctly
Taste indistinct.
average
on
yum,
rather
ochraceous buff,
minimally angular,
to
apex somewhat
even
at
but
pileus,
in
subspermatic.
5.5—7.0(—7.5)
x
progressively darkening
fibrillose,
Context whitish
to
105
I
Europe
in
longitudinally
1.9-2.3, 'smooth'
=
yellow wall,
4-spored,
Mm,
Inocybe
r:
(broadly) clavate, cylindrico-clavate
[im,
pleurocystidia,
a
somewhat
(10.0—)10.5—15.0(—16.0)
(sub)parameciiform,
E
Smell faint, indistinct
stipe.
Q
P
specimens.
young
1.7—2.3(—2.5),
=
Y
base brown
at
withouKpruina,
completely
u
var.
helobia
assemblage of ecotypic
polyphyletic
variants.
27.4. I. lacera
A
Q
=
(L).
varietate
typica
differt
1.6-1.9. Holotypus:
Th.
var.
sporibus
W.
regularis Kuyp.,
brevioribus
Pileus
21-33
mm,
nov.
—
69
Fig.
regularibus, 9.0—11.5(—12.5)
x
5.0-6.5(-7.0)
Kuyper 2481, 14.X.1983, Havelterberg, Havelte, Drenthe,
ETYMOLOGY: regularis, regular, referring
YR 3/3,
4/3,
et
var.
convex,
with
to the
regular
the
pm,
Netherlands
spores.
prominent papilla, yellowish
5/4], coarsely fibrillose-subsquamulose.
brown
Lamellae, L
=•
to
35,1
=
dark
brown
[10
1-3, moderately
106
P
crowded, 6
tinge; edge
solid, brownish buff
half,
to
Context whitish in
so
i a—Suppl.
on
3,
Vol.
1986
fimbriate, whitish. Stipe
minutely
brown
base with white felt,
at
r
ventricose, broadly adnate, ochraceous brown [10
broad,
mm
faint olivaceous
a
E
in
pileus, (pale)
half, dark brown
upper
at
even
brown in
equal,
lower
in
fibrillose.
coarsely
Smell and
cortex.
with
5/4]
mm,
almost blackish brown
to
darkest in
stipe,
YR
3-4
x
downwards rather
pruinose,
not
apex
32-63
taste
indistinct
acidulous-spermatic.
or
_Spores 9.0—11.5(—12.5)
Q
5.0-6.5(-7.0)
x
smooth, almost regular.
1.8,
=
fusiform, with acute, often (sub)mucronate
to
/am,
almost colourless
similar
to
at apex
of
stipe only
HABITAT
sand.
of
N
—
lacera
I.
Note:
This
is
and
It
might
D
Gieten,
Huijsman\
r
e
\1.5-2.0
absent,
hairs present.
trees
h
t
n
11.VI.
acid, nutrient-poor
on
e:
Havelte, 14.X.1983, Kuyper
1986, Kuyper
(WBS);
2693
prov.
Noord-Brabant, Driessen,
prov.
spores
often
be
type variety
rather
are
that
possible
the
in
only
testify
distinctive
which
spore
rather
possessing
unlike those of
cystidia
mucronate
modification in
phenotypic
a
Its
spores.
stipe
lacera.
I.
only
1972,
24.VI.
s:prov.
L);
regularis,
differs from the
taxon
colour of
with
to
hardly crystalliferous. Cheilocystidia
7723.
(almost) regular
the
ETHERLAND
var.
Gelderland, Otterlo,
1980, Bas
1.6-1.9,
only from the Netherlands. June-Oct.
(holotype
10.X.
=
cylindrical
/am,
somewhat thick-walled, with up
apex
Under coniferous and frondose
—
Q
/urn,
13— 19
thin-walled, colourless. Caulocystidia
Paracystidia clavate,
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
2481
apex,
5.5-6.1
x
(12—)
x
few almost undifferentiated caulocystidioid
a
& DISTRIBUTION.
Known
(46-)47-75
pale yellowish wall;
to very
pleurocystidia.
average 9.9-10.9
on
/am,
Pleurocystidia
its
to
I.
typical
character of
has
but
relationship
close
development
broad,
lacera,
regularis
var.
been arrested,
but such conclusions exceed the limit of herbarium taxonomy.
28.
Agaricus impexus
Agaricus
Finl.
21.
Nat.
Lasch
maritimus
maritimus
var.
Inocybe impexa (Lasch) Kuyp., comb.
Folk
(Fr.)
32:
Fr.,
457.
1879.
lacera
Pileus
15-34
grey-brown
Inocybe
—
var.
almost
first
or
maritima
1:
70
Fig.
(basionym).
1818,
257.
lacera
greyish
sensu R.
semiglobose
somewhat
white,
pale ochraceous,
young
indistinct.
A.
non
1821.
var.
=
strongly
then
—
maritimus
Inocybe
With.
1796.
—
(Fr.)
maritima
(Fr.: Fr.)
maritima
fibrillose
in
the sand
Context
M. Bon
=
x
to
to
scaly.
(and
6.0-7.5(-8.0)
2.2-2.3,
up to
4.0
pleurocystidia,
pni,
in
Agaricus
P.
Karst.
Docs
lacerus
in
Bidr.
mycol. 14(53):
185.
343.
1967.
1931
(=
I.
dunensis).
hygrophanous,
Lamellae adnate
this
even
agglutinating
at
apex
not
grey-brown,
pm,
on
average
to
free,
to
yellow-brown. Stipe
or
when
moist dull
pale
pale grey-brown,
15-23
the base
pruinose.
whitish
grey
ventricose,
x
3-8
as
a
mm,
lump),
Cortina present
on
14.8-16.0
dryings
x
Smell
6.5-7.1
pm,
smooth, sometimes minimally angular, almost obtuse
x
(almost)
rather
3:
brown, when dry
ochraceous
slightly
mycol.
Inocybe:
without umbo,
snuff-brown
more
Pleurocystidia (46-)50-82(-87)
thick-walled, with
similar
convex,
Acta
Genre
pileus, coarsely white-fibrillose,
specimens.
(1.8—)1.9—2.6(—2.7), Q
apex.
to
in
Heim,
ochraceous-tinged
Spores (12.0—)13.0—17.5(—18.5)
at
1829
51.
Rudnicka-Jezierska
arenaria
mm,
concolorous with
Q
2:
mycol.
equal, solid, somewhat rooting
in
4: 545.
mycol.
Syst.
Fr.: Fr.
EXCLUDED.,— Inocybe
at
Linnaea
—
1984.
Inocybe
or
in
Observ.
nov.
scarce.
(14—) 15—25(—26)
colourless wall,
Paracystidia
pm,
cylindrical,
at apex
broadly
clavate
or
fusiform,
crystalliferous. Cheilocystidia
clavate
to
pyriform,
at
least
K
with
partly
slightly
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Geesleranus
Ulvinen
12406.
Ohenoja.
&
Inocybe
r:
e
wall.
bare
in
Europe
Basidia
107
I
31-40(-44)
10-14
x
with
vegetation
FINLAND:
Norderney, Vogelschutzgebiet,
19. VIII.
SCOTLAND:
The
species
in my
has
opinion
species,
both
as
J. Bot. 24: 251.
hitherto been known
much
not
doubt that
only
macroscopical
the
on
be called I.
Inocybe
similis
the
impexa,
Bres. in
Inocybe rufobrunnea J.
EXCLUDED.
SELECTED
or
Lamellae,
adnexed,
equal
in
=
35-45, 1
subbulbous
=
to
at
base
and
indistinctly
Spores
=
apex,
in
2.
Bull.
22.
mycol.
f.
Lasch
almost
colourless
similar
to
to
=
to
autonomous
71-72
Nat Parks,
5: 201.
N.F.
1955.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
Nat.
14.
f.
2.
1930.
—J.
Favre
campanulato-convex, with
not
a
in
more
and
with
separate, but
more
around
persisting
numerous
submarginately
occasionally slightly darkening
greyish
patches
apex and
this
pruina
(6.5-)7.0-8.5(-9.0)
thick-walled.
very
pleurocystidia,
pale
radially
pm,
on
at
Paracystidia
apex
as
mm,
paler
with
age,
to
but
or
with
crystalliferous,
whitish
l/3rd of
length,
spermatic.
12.2-14.8
up
x
remaining
about
Pleurocystidia (43-)46-73(-74)
yellow wall,
margin
elsewhere.
2.5-5
average
thick-walled,
around
often with
bulbous, solid, somewhat
descending
subutriform,
scarce.
wiss.
emarginate-
to
x
1.6-2.0, smooth, regular, with almost obtuse apex,
or
Ergebn.
coarsely
crowded, subventricose, adnexed
even
I.
broad umbo, with
cinnamon-brown,
rimulose; velipellis
specimens
(=
1955
rufobrunnea).
I.
these outwards
margin
at
clavate
epithet
species,
brunneotomentosa).
I.
730,
pi.
(as
Soc.
unicolorous
1-3, moderately
x
same
completely
agree
cinnamon-brown; edge fimbriate, whitish. Stipe 20-50
11.5—16.0(—1_7_.0)
the
sanctioned the
an
white-fibrillose below. Context whitish. Smell indistinct
conspicuously
to
laterally confluent, quadrangular, fringed squamules
in young
pruinose
lindrical, (slenderly)
Karst., but there
refers
habitat
1821)
Figs.
—
(=
1971
15:
1955
margin,
base, sometimes
(1 -4—) 1.5—2.1(—2.2), Q
at. apex,
pi. 7,
at
than pileus, brownish half-way,
at
P.
(Fr.)
the
1: 257.
mycol.
is for the
greater
species
1905.
Z. Pilzk. 37:
deflexed
squamules,
ochraceous
to
and
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
Kiihner
Iconogr.
N.F. 5:
greyish patches,
L
161.
conico-campanulate
abruptly
developed
circle of
3:
sensu
less smooth centre, and
or
maritima
description
similis Bres.
Ergebn.
with concentric rows of
fibrillose,
a
Stangl
Bres.,
mm,
mycol.
in
similis
NatParks,
Pilous 20-35
little
sensu
ICONES.
schweiz.
incurved
more
maritima,
(PC), 9.IX.1963,
epithet impexus being the earliest legitimate.
Inocybe
Annls
Favre
Inocybe
brunneotomentosa);
I.
as
varietal rank, this taxon, when considered
29.
Unters.
,
—
1977).
Agaricus impexus
with that of I. maritima. As Fries (Syst.
maritimus
of this remarkable
description
Norw.
copied from Holland (in
must
(neotype
Fischer.
of I.
(E).
Notes: 1. The macroscopical
2.
Culbin
& 27.IX.1972
16. VIII. 1981
1981,
Sands, 19.VIII.1939, Pearson
is
Known
Gelderland,Hierden, 20.X.1957,
prov.
Pohjanmaa, Hailuota, Marjaniemi,
Oulon
designated by Hoiland, O).
part
repens,
Europe.
eastern
NORWAY: Vest-Agder, Farsund, Lista, Lomsesanden,
—
Salix
the northern Atlantic
3.X.1971
Henderson
4-spored.
pm,
Aug.-Oct.
GERMANY:
—
xerophytic
nearby. Widespread along
NETHERLANDS:
—
—
sand in
trees
in inland dunes in continental
occurring
in the Netherlands.
locality
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Maas
On
—
mycorrhizal
any
and Baltic Coast, but also
one
p
brownish
thickened,
but sometimes without
from
y
absent.
Caulocystidia
HABITAT
u
x
to
7.2-7.8
not
(14—)15—22
2.0(-2.5)
scarce.
pm,
Q
applanate
pm,
pm
cy-
thick,
Cheilocystidia
(slenderly) clavate, thin-walled,
colourless,
108
P
Basidia 34-41 x 10-13
frequent.
only
at
rather
of
apex
similar
stipe,
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
Populus,
and
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kleuver
ITALY
:
71.052\
—
Graubiinden,
1.
The
2.
to
covering
have
of
thick-walled,
of
as
spore
I.
Figs.
of I.
is
and
Val
Nuglia,
71-72.
9: 476.
resembles
but
the
also
Inocybe
rufobrunnea).
the
3,
1986
similis.
—
but
turning
on
alpine
V.
a
2-spored. Caulocystidia
few
into
an
intermediate
zone
of
calcareous soil. Associated with Salix
zone.
Very
rare
prov.
in Europe, known from
Gelderland, Buren,
11.VIII.1972,
1900,Bresadola (holotype
2400
m,
1980, Irlel
of I.
15.VIII. 1950, Favre
similis, S).
(holotype
9. VIII.1971,
Kleuver
—
72.079.
—
Switzer-
of I.
rufobrunnea,
(BERN).
80.216
of this
description
de
species
has
been
copied
from
1978).
I.
vulpinella
habitat
have
Bruylants
preferences.
because the
spores
Bres. and I.
alt.
14.IX.
partly subapplanate,
decipiens
Vol.
soon
vegetation
in
NETHERLANDS:
comparable
stipe
a—Suppl.
May-Sept.
macroscopical
similis
Inocybe
I
hairs.
In open
—
Bern, Gemmi-Spittelmatte,
Notes:
N
cheilocystidia,
Adige, Trento, Desert,
Huijsman (in Persoonia
seem
O
predominantly 4-spored,
jum,
to
O
Zuid-Holland, Oostvoorne,
prov.
prov. Alto
land: Kt.
Kt.
S
Dryas octopetala
2 localities in the Netherlands.
G);
R
undifferentiated caulocystidioid
repens,
de
E
an
pleurocystidia
almost
suggesting
very
Inocybe
obtuse
an
are
and
In I.
with
both
differs
somewhat
apex.
affinity
much,
similis
and
larger
vulpinella
species
only
not
the
goniosporous
in
less
apex
species
dunensis P. D. Orton.
Spores, pleurocystidia (71.
from
holotype
of I.
similis;72.
from
holotype
K
30.
Inocybe rufuloides
M. Bon in
Pileus
11-34
stipe
mm,
Y P
E
R:
Inocybe
mycol. 14(53):
Docs
16-42
TO
28.
mm;
109
I
Bon
1984.
THE VARIETIES
2.5-6
x
Europe
in
rufuloides M.
Inocybe
KEY
1.
U
OF
I. RUFULOIDES
on
spores
11.3-12.5
average
1.
6.5-7.1
x
Pinus '
Pileus
stipe
4-14 mm,
14-44
x
0.6-3 mm; spores
on
average
13.7-14.0
trees
var.
30.1. I. rufuloides
Inocybe rufuloides
Pileus
finally
11-34
4-5/6, tending
fibrillose,
finally
in
to
rather
5/8],
coarsely
almost smooth
soon
straight,
so,
fibrils
and
not
around
at
then brown
[10 YR
5-6/4], finally
almost concolorous.
to
brown
to
in lower half,
=
30-50, 1
ventricose, rather broadly
dark brown [10
16-42
Stipe
orange-brown [7.5
near
x
YR
mm,
5/8-4/6],
YR
base almost whitish,
2.5-6
extreme
young
specimens, leaving
upper part of
Spores
1
stipe, especially
indistinctly
Q=
1.7-1.9,
thick-walled,
with up
a
few
2-spored.
similar
to
narrow
zone
1.5(—2.0)
to
equal
to
clavate,
distinctly
2354
or
and mixed
with
DISTRIBUTION.
&
Bon
EXAMINED.
—
not
—
6.1V. 1984,
Kuyper
2502.
Cortina present
pileus,
11.3-12.5
red-brown
6.5-7.1
x
with
almost
minority tending
a
bright yellow wall,
present
9-12
x
at
on
at
frequent.
not
/am,
extreme
cauloparacystidia,
Under Pinus maritima
FRANCE:
(holotype
in
hairy-pruinose,
or
handling.
in
to
apex
x
(im,
Q
obtuse
=
to
13—22(—25)
sublageniform,
crystalliferous,
Paracystidia
clavate,
predominantly 4-spored,
apex
of
downwards
stipe (to l/10th),
turning
to
a
rather
hairs.
dune-sand. Known from the Atlantic
yet recorded from the Netherlands. April-May.
22.V.1983, Kuyper
83038
half-way stipe, paler
Pleurocystidia (42-)48-66(-74)
utriform,
or
on
white
average
Basidia 30-38
absent
Caulocystidia
young,
distinctly bulbous,
not
so
subamygdaliform,
to
broad,
mm
spermatic.
pleurocystidia,
to
frequent.
Context
taste
on
4-8
buff when
indistinctly pruinose
of somewhat differentiated caulocystidioid
COLLECTIONS
19.V.1983,
to
thick, pale
/am
similar
rather
cheilocystidia
HABITAT&
&
stipe.
jum,
regular
clavate, fusiform
and Mediterranean Coast,
2352
on
Smell and
6.0-7.5
x
smooth,
Cheilocystidia
scarce.
thin-walled, colourless,
but
cortex.
conical apex, somewhat thick-walled.
cylindrico-clavate,
rather
in
(10.0-)10.5-13.0(-13.5)
-6—2.1(—2.2),
Mm,
remnants
no
especially
tinge of pileus,
3/3-4]; edge fimbriate to subflocculose,
most
apex
YR
radially
sometimes rimulose,
margin
squamulose-subsquarrose,
downwards longitudinally white-fibrillosebut fibrils disappearing
in
outwards
1-3, moderately crowded,
=
with
half [7.5
outer
disc,
narrowly adnate, pale greyish
to
plano-convex,
prominent,
dark brown around
in
orange-brown
to
only slightly diverging,
not or
then
young,
appendiculate,
tomentose
becoming recurvately
sometimes absent. Lamellae, L
solid,
slightly
to
when
convex
half; velipellis mostly distinct, especially around disc, causing greyish
conspicuously
white
to
umbonate but umbo sometimes
indistinctly
inflexed when young but
somewhat excoriate
outer
but
conico-convex
campanulate,
mm,
[7.5 YR 3-4/3-4], somewhat brighter brown
centre
110
p.
73
Fig.
—
exilis,
M. Bon
almost applanate, often
margin slightly
rufuloides
var.
109
p.
frondose
7.4-8.0 (im; under
x
under
pm;
rufuloides,
var.
2361
of I.
&
dept. Manche, Biville, 18.V. 1983, Kuyper 2344, 2348, 2350,
23(52; dept.
rufuloides,
herb.
Somme, Cayeux-sur-Mer,
Bon).
—
ITALY:
prov.
Bois
Pisa,
de
San
Brighton,
Rossore,
110
Persooni
Figs.
from
Inocybe rufuloides.
73-74.
holotype
Note:
of
Docs
(in
(8.0—)9.0—11.0(—13.0)
x
much larger spores, viz.
30.2.
A varietate
Holotypus:
typica
Th.
W.
Vol.
3,
Spores, pleurocystidia (73.
1986
holotype
from
of
I.
rufuloides;
74.
exilis).
var.
Bon
—
a—Suppl.
mycol.
5.0-6.5
14(53):
jum.
10.5-13.0
I. rufuloides
differt habitu
Kuyper 2657,
x
28.
1984)
the
Upon
to
spores
holotype
I
be
found
6.0-7.5 pm.
var.
exilis
Kuyp.,
var.
graciliore, sporis magnioribus et
24.X.
reported
reexamination of the
nov.
—
Fig.
habitatione
1984, Marnewaard, Lauwersmeer,
prov.
sub
74
arboribus frondosis.
Friesland,
the Netherlands
(L).
ETYMOLOGY: exilis,
Pileus
tinged,
white
4-14
slender.
mm, convex,
rather coarsely
>•>
not or
radially
only indistinctly umbonate, dark brown,
fibrillose but fibrils
ftbrillose-arachnoid velipellis,
subdistant, 1-3
mm
broad, ventricose,
persisting
not
around
narrowly adnate,
diverging,
disc.
when
somewhat reddish-
young covered with
Lamellae, L
=
20,
1
=
1-3,
dark reddish brown; edge flocculose,
K
white.
14-44
Stipe
somewhat
darker
in
brown-tinged
Spores
12.0^14.5(—l6.0)
depression,
(50—)56—66(—67)
crystalliferous,
in
rather
2.0
on
pm,
at
thick,
whitish
with
with
distinctly conical,
pm
apex
13.7-14.0
average
fusiform,
an
in
with
present
at
downwards
cauloparacystidia,
extreme
soon
7.4-8.0
x
pleurocystidia,
to
similar
only,
into a
Q
=
indistinctly
apex somewhat
at
Paracystidia
scarce.
abundant. Basidia
and mixed
cheilocystidia
to
pm,
Pleurocystidia
rather
to
yellowish-tinged wall,
apex
passing
reddish
indistinct submedian
(slenderly) clavate, thin-walled, sometimes slightly thick-walled, colourless,
4-spored. Caulocystidia
pruinose
pileus,
thick wall.
clavate
slenderly
similar
orange-brown,
to
somewhat
subspermatic.
subamygdaliform,
to
Cheilocystidia
scarce.
yellow-brown
reddish brown,
Smell faint,
not
pm,
to
up
111
I
white-fibrillose. Context
cortex.
(15-) 17-21(-22)
x
Europe
in
in upper part
dark
6.5-8.5(-9.0)
x
thick-walled, with
utriform,
base
at
almost obtuse,
apex
Inocybe
r:
1.8-1.9, smooth, regular
=
with
E
P
longitudinally
stipe, especially
1.7-1,9(-2.0), Q
Y
equal, solid,
mm,
in lower part,
downwards
lens,
under
0.6-3
x
U
intermediate zone of somewhat
narrow
differentiated caulocystidioid hairs.
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
Associated
—
frondose
with
trees
and Salix
in calcareous
repens
dune-sand. Known only from the Netherlands. Oct.
COLLECTIONS
24.X. 1984,
22.X. 1966,
EXAMINED.
Kuyper
Inocybe leptocystis
in
J. Favre
Art. 37.1).
EXCLUDED.
SELECTED
J.
ICON:
in
Favre
10-30
drying
on
with
subsquamulose
around
spicuous. Lamellae, L
moderately
20-45
x
[10 YR
at
Spores
smooth,
mm,
not
equal
pruinose
whitish
on
7.5-10.0
x
regular
(46-)49-69(-70)
buff
crystalliferous
at
velipellis
30-35,1
to
r
i
e
1
s
Z
prov.
e
a
d,
n
1
e
a
Lauwersmeer,
d,
n
Haamstede,
=
in
nor
at
absent, only
&
YR
Y
[2.5
base,
faintly
with
to
x
rather
scarce.
Paracystidia
a
x
2,
pi.
6/4,
tomentose
with
in
broad,
Q
slenderly
pm,
margin
at
indistinctly
more
whitish.
to
near
con-
ventricose,
not
Stipe
ochraceous
apex,
1.5-1.9, Q
even
=
pm
to
1.6-1.8,
Pleurocystidia
apex.
thick,
not
capitate,
hardly
or
frequent. Cheilocystidia
clavate
(as
5/3], slightly
subutriform, sometimes indistinctly
7-9
1960
(=
indistinct^
=
conical
indistinctly
1955
white-fibrillose. Context
acidulous. Taste
pm,
8.
collection
one
minutely
4.9-5.6
f.
to
6/4]; edge fimbriate,
to
73.
becoming minutely
age
mm
(inval.,
1960
587.
sometimes
7/6, 7/4,
with double wall less than 0.5
abundant. Basidia 24-30
6:
faintly pinkish-tinged
smooth
to
6:
bulbous, solid, whitish
not
average 8.2-9.3
clavate
N.F.
minutely
rimulose,
apex, sometimes with resinous exudate, rather
pleurocystidia,
HABITAT
not
sometimes
subamygdaliform,
pm,
[10
rather indistinct but
at
N.F.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
NatParks,
context,
margin
Smell indistinct
10—18(—19)
X
Soc. Nat.
1—3, moderately crowded, 2-4
middle part,
pm, on
Bull.
NatParks,
indistinctly umbonate,
hairy, completely
drying.
schweiz.
brownish
to
75-76
Figs.
—
schweiz.
Unters.
slightly enlarged
4.5-6.0
to
walled, colourless,
apex
in
hygrophanous
completely thin-walled, exceptionally
to
Kiihner
wiss.
fibrils,
centre;
=
6/6] especially
becoming
L);
1918.
Unters.
broadly adnate, yellowish-brownish
2-4
apex
F
prov.
exilis,
Atk.
plano-convex,
of
because
diverging
not
5: 212.
wiss.
sensu
ochraceous
appendiculate,
fibrillose,
to
convex
mm,
Bot.
Ergebn.
hygrophila).
pallescent
var.
leptocystis
Ergebn.
Inocybe leptocystis
—
I. obscurobadia).
slightly
rufuloides
I.
Inocybe
Atk. in Amer. J.
Inocybe hygrophila
Pileus
of
Bas 4825.
31.
I.
NETHERLANDS:
—
(holotype
2657
similar
cylindrico-clavate,
4-spored. Caulocystidia
thin-
even at extreme
few undifferentiated hairs observed.
DISTRIBUTION.
—
Under coniferous
trees
on
rather moist
places.
Associated
112
P
Figs.
75-76.
76. from
Inocybe leptocystis.
holotype
with Picea,
in
of I.
more
—
S
G).
—
S c
L
A N
WITZERLAN
—
UNITED
(holotype
Bas
o T
3249 ;
of
I.
on
i A—Suppl.
3,
Vol.
Spores, pleurocystidia (75.
D:
D:
—
co.
Kt.
1986
from
authentic
sometimes
,
Tirol,
Invernessshire,
Fort
Graubunden, Fuorn,
STATES: New
Hermit
rare
even
on
Inocybe furfurea
1955.
—
Achenwald
William,
9.VIII.
Bog, 8.VII.1963,
Bas
near
Nevis
York, Ithaca, Campus
J.
Favre
Inocybe obscurobadia (J. Favre)
Inocybe tenuicystidiata
EXCLUDED.
—
hygrophila;
of I.
Horak &
Stangl
Inocybe obscurobadia
wood of
decayed
Europe
Achenkirch,
Forest,
in
in
3257\
Cornell
Rifle
River
and Scotland,
Ergebn.
wiss.
Sydowia
Grund
33:
&
149.
material ofI.
University,
Recreation
Unters.
('1980')
—
Figs.
schweiz.
Mycologia
Stuntz in
6.IX.1982, Kuyper
1983, Kuyper
Bay, 9.VII.1963,
Grass
Grund & Stuntz in
sensu
18.IX.
1949,Favre (authentic
Michigan, Ogenaw Co.,
obscurobadia
var.
very
in Central
32. Inocybe obscurobadia (J. Favre) Grund & Stuntz
200.
material
July-Sept.
AUSTRIA:
leptocystis, CUP);
Cheboygan Co.,
Thuja
from the Netherlands, very
in North America.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
2180.
—
so
America also with
reported
widespread
r
leptocystis).
North
conifers. Not yet
e
69: 407.
14. VII.
Area,
2402.
hygrophila,
1903,
Thorn
5.VII.
1963,
Bas 3259.
77-79
NatParks,
N.F.
5:
1977.
1981.
Mycologia
69:
407.
1977
(= Inocybe
spec.).
MISAPPLIED
1955;
NAME.
sensu auct.
—
Inocybe leptocystis
sensu
Kiihner
in
Bull.
Soc.
Nat.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
73.
eur.
SELECTED ICONES.
—
J. Favre in
Ergebn. wiss.
Unters.
schweiz.
NatParks,
N.F.
5:
pi. 7,
f.
4.
1955
K
(as
I.
furfurea
var.
Iconogr. mycol.
Pileus 8-37
dark
29:
obscurobadia).
pi. 71,
mm,
f. 2.
convex,
—
1980
u
Y
p
Stangl
(as
I.
e
in
Inocybe
Z.
Pilzk.
in
Europe
37:
pi.
6.
113
I
1971
(as
I.
leptocystis).
—
Alessio,
leptocystis).
plano-convex
brown, brown, isabella-brown
r:
or
or
applanate,
umbonate, but often indistinctly
ochraceous brown, smooth around
disc,
so,
outwards
Figs. 77-79.
Inocybe obscurobadia.
Spores, pleurocystidia (77. from holotype of I. leptocystis var.
ambigua;
78.
from
holotype of I. tenuicystidiata; 79. from holotype of I. furfurea var. obscurobadia).
Fig. 80. Inocybe maculipes.
of I.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from lectotype
maculipes).
—
—
114
P
r
so
radially fibrillose-subsquamulose,
at
because of thin,
2-7
ventricose
broad,
mm
and less
pallescent
at
only
or
apex
A—Suppl.
margin
or
narrowly
not,
subbulbous, solid,
or
at
extreme
but
_Spores 7.0—11.0(—11.5)
Q
x
23-109
l/10th
of
10-17
pm,
cylindrical
part, sometimes
upper
bright
rather
Cheilocystidia
yellow wall,
similar
fusiform,
slenderly
to
not
with
hardly crystalliferous
or
pleurocystidia,
to
rather
pm,
1.5-2.0,
=
less similar
at
apex,
4-spored.
pm,
frequent
& DISTRIBUTION.
growing
wood.
decayed
on
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
bos,
513.
—
Austria:
2182 &
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
12.IX.1981, Kuyper
GERMANY:
Bavaria,
1764.
alt.
1.
Notes:
name
I.
2400
This
fact
authors
as
&
find
misapplied
Inocybe
Favre's
the
(in
the
(I.e.,
synonymy
despite identical
(1955)
pi. 6, f.
has
I.
Tatry,
1606
Z
e
1
e
a
1983, Riicker
d, Hulst,
n
Tirol,
;
microscopical
1974, Stangl
(M).
—
S
(holotype
of I.
—
8.X.
Achenkirch,
Belgium:
Dourbes,
Namur:
prov.
(holotype
1039
D:
near
2203.
L
A
Kt.
furfurea
N
D:
1982, Kuyper
Tiene-
2292.
1734
(K).
2.XI.1980
—
&
—
tenuicystidiata, M);
of I.
Perthshire, Inver,
co.
Graubiinden, Region
var.
prov.
Meijer
de
Dolina, 10.IX.1981, Kuyper
c o T
obscurobadia, G);
of
The
Fuorn,
Kt.
Bern,
2583.
for
a
long time
Stangl (in
Sydowia
for this
name
name
I.
been known under the
33:
tenuicystidiata.
which
69:
was
407.
145.
('1980')
misapplied species
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
NatParks,
asserted
for that
and
reason
they overlooked
However,
subsequently
misapplied
1981)
N.F.
elevated
1977). Unfortunately,
to
5: 91.
1955)
specific
rank
both
American
obscurobadia.
was
1)
Stanisovka
21.IX.1981,
Achenwald
Resteigne,
de
SWITZERLAN
ambigua
in my
Bois
Houtrib-
23.X.1981, Tjallingii-Beukers;
&
Bedfordshire, Chicksands Wood,
co.
23.IX.
Mycologia
var.
somewhat calcareous
in the Netherlands. June-Oct.
rare
prov.
12.VII.
Enderle
Favre
taxon
name
leptocystis
N.F. 5: 201
icon
a
(in Ergebn.
Stuntz
D:
Europe
&
under the
new
that Favre
NatParks,
and
Horak
to
—
1949,
has in
species
1980,
N
1984, Kuyper
that
already described
Grund
2.
23.IX.
unable
were
described it
A
2542.
31.VIII.
m,
leptocystis.
they
C L
18.X.
1983, Kuyper
26.IX.
Nuglia,
E N
Wald,
Bern, Bremgartenwald,
had
1938;
Nizke
or
present;
IJsselmeerpolders:
2613; Resteigne,
2609 &
Slovakia,
—
on
2184; Pertisau, Falzthurntal, 6.IX.1982, Kuyper
Inzigkofen, Schlosspark,
Bubesheimer
Hermitage,
the
trees
Luxembourg, Daverdisse, Barbouillon, 4.X.1982, Kuyper 2271;
au-Pauquis, 1.X.1984, Kuyper
that
Europe,
Salzburg, Hinterglemm,
cauloparacystidia
,
NETHERLANDS:
I3.X.1981, Kuyper
6.IX.1982, Kuyper 2179,
prov.
in
Widespread
—
also
Quercus, Picea, Pinus and Larix, sometimes also
Populus,
Jagersveld, 7.VII.1981, Kuyper
15.VIII.1982, Jansen;
Utrecht, Utrecht,
cheilocystidia,
frondose and coniferous
Under
—
soil. Associated with Alnus, Salix,
to
absent
Caulocystidia
only undifferentiatedto rather differentiated caulocystidioid hairs present.
HABITAT
or
thin-
clavate,
soon
more
apex,
in
pale
abundant.
to
at
extreme
thick,
pm
only
by
Q
somewhat flexuose
1.0-1.5
to
up
Paracystidia broadly
scarce.
7-10
x
often
lageniform,
not
subcapitate, slightly thick-walled,
walled, colourless, abundant. Basidia 27-34
Val
Smell when
subspermatic.
to
4.9-5.8
x
with
Cortina
base.
stipe.
Taste indistinct
average 7.8-10.3
pruinose
not
downwards
stipe),
part of
upper
1.5-5
x
downwards
part,
handling, white-tomentose at
on
pm, on
Stipe
apical
1.6-1.9, smooth, subamygdaliform with subconical apex. Pleurocystidia (48-)49-94(-97)
=
to
4.5-6.0(-6.5)
x
in
tinges completely lacking,
than
(less
drying strongly Pelargonium-like.
on
white.
reddish ochraceous
apex
sheen
greyish
1-3, moderately crowded,
=
adnate, yellowish-brownish
broadly
Context whitish, but reddish in
specimens.
young
subspermatic,
cut
sometimes with
20-50,1
=
sometimes reddish
reddish-tinged,
pruinose
1986
subflocculose,
to
longitudinally-fibrillose covering, disappearing
present in
L
rather
to
3,
Vol.
rimulose,
not
brown; edge fimbriate
clavate
equal,
mm,
i
on
non-persisting velipellis. Lamellae,
greyish-yellowish
or
e
said
looks
J.
to
Favre
be
only
in
a
Ergebn.
macroscopically
opinion
not
characters.
yet
wiss.
Unters.
schweiz.
minor variant of I. obscurobadia.
strikingly
unambiguously
different, however,
been
demonstrated,
K
U
Y
P
33. Inocybe
Inocybe maculipes
SELECTED
Pileus
20
to
J. Favre
wiss.
then
hemispherical
mm,
Europe
in
J. Favre
Unters.
somewhat rimose. Lamellae, L
=
34 —42, 1
30
to
dark
brown
sometimes
4.5
x
present in young
only
pruinose
with
even
towards base (to
swollen
mm,
spots,
a
somewhat
specimens,
(8.5—)9.0—10.0(—10.5)
_Spores
1.7,
=
smooth,
(54-)58-67(-75)
flexuose apical
thick, pale
8-10
5.0-6.0
x
pm,
caulocystidioid
Caulocystidia
on
at
at extreme
& DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTION
EXAMINED.
—
2.
1. The
(J. Favre)
and
observed,
Associated
of I.
with
Inocybe melanopus Stuntz
calcaris Metrod
Inocybe submaculipes
Inocybe
in
in
Pap.
in
Inocybe submaculipes
ICON:
submaculipes).
Pileus 31-54
to
brown,
f.
differs in
in
seems
melanopus
tending
to
pm,
with
only
Q
1.6—
=
1.8(—1.9),
Pleurocystidia
apex.
sublageniform, partly
up
Cheilocystidia
with
1.0(— 1.5)
to
similar
to
pm
pleu-
colourless. Basidia 27-36
rather
some
undifferentiated
has been
Stuntz
158.
Ergebn.
Ergebn.
in
Beih.
much
—
schweiz.
Sydowia
Unters.
(inval.,
from Favre
more
alt.
2350
to
I.
(I.e.).
obscurobadia
developed
velipellis
81-83
1954.
Art.
36.1).
NatParks,
8: 358.
schweiz.
d'Aint,
too.
Figs.
('1953')
68.
1953.
wiss. Unters.
wiss.
copied
be different
Sci. 39:
31:
a
Piz
far
Kuyper, G).
characters close
having
to
calcareous soil. So
on
Graubiinden, Ofenpass,
Monthoux &
Z. Pilzk.
gigantea Romagn.
Favre
downwards,
conspicuously
1979.
N.F. 6:
(inval.,
NatParks,
N.F.
587.
Art.
6:
1960. (inval.,
43.1).
pi.
2,
f.
7
(as
I.
1960.
'nflexed when
jelted
J.
Kt.
Mich. Acad.
Schweiz.
J. Favre
with moderately
Context whitish, with
thick-walled, with
microscopical
Its smell
Art. 37.1).
SELECTED
in
Grund & Stuntz but
34.
Inocybe
5.5
x
Dryas octopetala
maculipes, design.
description
comes
brown-spotted stipe.
a
broad,
mm
apex.
macroscopical
Inocybe maculipes
soon
subconical
abundant.
apex,
SWITZERLAND,
—
22.VIII. 1949, Favre
(lectotype
Notes:
9.5
with
sometimes
known only from the Swiss Alps. Aug.
m,
average
subapically,
not
3.5
to
outer
often
brown; edge white.
to
pileus.
of
1955.
(almost)
margin
at
Cortina
zone.
Paracystidia slenderly clavate, thin-walled,
scarce.
hairs
pm,
cylindrical,
and/or constricted
4-spored.
margin
6.
Taste indistinct.
subamygdaliform,
to
yellow wall, crystalliferous
pm,
HABITAT
12-15
part
rather
rocystidia,
x
x
regular
at
first
at
white-fibrillose
ring-like
f.
ochraceous brown in
greyish-brownish
fugacious
1955.
pi. 7,
5:
radially fibrillose,
longitudinally
persisting
spermatic.
to
7 mm), solid, whitish,
apex,
indistinct and
very
age somewhat brownish. Smell
Q
near
F.
moderately crowded,
somewhat ventricose, narrowly adnate, whitish, then
Stipe
5: 201.
N.
umbonate,
indistinctly
1-3,
=
N.F.
NatParks,
velipellis, gradually discolouring
whitish around centre, smooth, outwards
remaining
80
Fig.
—
schweiz.
conical,
115
I
NatParks,
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
Ergebn.
in
Inocybe
r:
maculipes
Ergebn.
in
J. Favre
—
white because of
completely
part,
ICON.
E
mm, convex
young,
somewhat
around
pale
to
subapplanate,
brownish
squamulose,
disc
with
thin
with
a
ochraceous
especially
velipellis
near
giving
low, broad umbo, with margin somewhat
to
ochraceous
[2.5
Y
7/6, 6/6], woolly-
margin, with squamules somewhat darker
centre
greyish
hue..Lamellae,
L
=
60-80,
116
Figs.
P
81-83.
82. from
Fig.
Inocybe melanopus.
holotype
84.
E
of I.
Inocybe
R
O
O
N
I
a—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
Spores, pleurocystidia (81.
—
melanopus; 83.
olivaceobrunnea.
S
from
—
authentic
material
Spores, pleurocystidia
1986
from
of I.
authentic
material
of I.
calcaris;
submaculipes).
(from holotype
of
I.
olivaceobrunnea).
K
1
=
1-3, (very) crowded, 4-5
adnate,
base,
broad,
mm
fuliginous
to
base
at
tomentum, minutely hairy
somewhat
4.0-5.5
x
1.7-1.9, smooth, regular
not
somewhat
or
thin-walled, colourless,
apex with
at extreme
HABITAT
&
Widespread
from
COLLECTIONS
Bas
Curtil,
de
27.VI.
Escource,
—
Q
pm,
rounded
to
7-10
1.6—2.0(—2.1),
=
subconical
to
similar
Cheilocystidia
scarce.
a
colourless
thick,
pm
Q
apex.
utriform,
slenderly
to
frequent. Paracystidia
coniferous
Under
apparently (very)
—
clavate,
slenderly
4-spored. Caulocystidia absent,
pm,
Associated
trees.
also
rare,
Metrod
1962
('holotype'
9.XI. 1972
NETHERLANDS:
Tirol, Jenbach,
AUSTRIA:
—
1946,
Baden, Woschbach,
Schwdbel
,
(authentic
of I.
material
occurring
with
Pinus
and Picea.
in North America. Known
submaculipes
Note: The
holotype of
somewhat broader
material
these differences
Coast of
i
of I.
—
calcaris,
f.
gigantea,
Sw I T
Z
E
submaculipes, G).
they
are
important. Likewise,
and
of I.
is
generally
2192.
Romagnesi).
herb.
R
L
the
variant,
somewhat
N
of I.
which
—
GERMANY:
Washington,
STATES:
collections in having
I do
not
consider
along
the
Atlantic
scarce.
occurs
does
robust,
more
Bois
melanopus, WTU).
European
more
Bergen,
FRANCE:
Graubiinden, Val Minger,
D: Kt.
UNITED
—
also much
a
A
—
Metrod, PC); dpt. Landes,
herb.
(holotype
3641
melanopus differs from
pleurocystidia;
as
Europe
I.
1982, Kuyper
,
(herb. Romagnesi).
22. VIII. 1948, Favre (authentic
Noord-Holland,
prov.
9.IX.
,
Friday Harbor, Biological Station, 15.VII.1948, Stunlz
an
rather
drying
undifferentiated caulocystidioid hairs.
but
EXAMINED.
4949.
—
,
longitudinally
on
none,
0.5(— 1.0)
to
up
frequent
not
x
cut
ochraceous
pale
soon
collection in the Netherlands. June-Nov.
one
8.X. 1967,
Europe,
base with
cylindrical
pm,
apex, rather
slender,
almost
with
abundant. Basidia 25-38
some
DISTRIBUTION.
in
at
more
utmost
4.7-5.3
x
with
(10-)11—22(—23)
x
towards
broadening
distinct.
not
8.1-9.0
average
narrowly
5/4], darker downwards, dark
YR
Smell when
stipe.
Taste
only slightly thick-walled,
hardly crystalliferous
or
pleurocystidia
to
and
pileus
rather
5-6/4]; edge fimbriate
somewhat
to
at
Y
truly pruinose, downwards
not
subamygdaliform,
Pleurocystidia (42-)45-64(-67)
minority subcapitate,
wall,
equal
mm,
3/2, 2/2], but
apex,
on
pm,
to
117
I
hardly ventricose, emarginate,
or
4-10
x
reminding of cheap soap.
7.5-10.0
Spores
=
Europe
in
faint olivaceous tinge [2.5
YR 4/3,
[10
at extreme
fibrillose. Context sordid whitish in
faint,
Inocybe
r:
not
a
30-63
Stipe
P E
bulbous, solid, pale brownish in upper part [10
not
brown
Y
pale ochraceous brown with
subflocculose, white.
to
u
not
deserve
to
seem
autonomous rank.
35.
Inocybe
Art. 37.1;
Inocybe olivaceobrunnea
olivaceobrunnea
validated
SELECTED
ICON.
Pileus
27
to
umbonate,
J.
—
mm,
J. Favre
loco,
hoc
Art.
at
even
Lamellae,
subdecurrent,
fimbriate,
L
at
concolorous.
solid,
Ergebn.
first conical,
=
then
Stipe
pale
to
24
1
=
Unters.
spec.
nov.
NatParks,
so
1-3,
x
5
mm,
to
applanate,
—
84
Fig.
N.F. 6:
at
ventricose,
brown,
slightly
margin
to
N.F.
4
finally
more
mm
with
587.
1960
pi. 2,
(inval.,
4.
1960.
distinctly
age,
no
broadly
olivaceous
swollen below (to 6
f.
only indistinctly
tomentose;
broad,
dark
6:
not or
darkening
somewhat
outwards,
olivaceous
NatParks,
schweiz.
plano-convex
brown,
distinctly
33-37,
first
Kuyp.,
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
wiss.
ochraceous
reddish-tinged
squamulose around centre, less
observed.
Ergebn.
ex
45.1).
in
Favre
in
J. Favre
mm), but
velipellis
adnate
brown;
not
to
edge
bulbous,
whitish, becoming pale brownish in lower half, even at apex not pruinose, longitudinally
fibrillose throughout. Cortina not observed. Context whitish. Smell absent. Taste
recorded.
not
Spores
9.5-11.0
subamygdaliform,
x
6.0-7.0 pm.
average
with almost obtuse apex.
10.2
x
6.6
pm,
Q
=
1.5-1.6, smooth, regular
Pleurocystidia (64—)66—85(— 109)
x
to
(17—) 18—23(—24)
118
Persooni
cylindrical,
pm,
(in apical part
partly tending
3.0)
to
Cheilocystidia
absent,
the
&
apex of
stipe only
DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTION EXAMINED.
1.
Paracystidia
with
apex,
to
coniferous
trees.
Graubunden,
Kt.
God
frequent.
subclavate,
thin-
completely
Known
dal
2.0
to
up
not
4-spored. Caulocystidia
gim,
under
from
only
Fuorn,
alt.
Favre
(1. c.).
1850
M,
olivaceobrunnea, G).
of I.
has been
description
validly published, lacking
not
was
from
copied
designation
the
of
As
nomenclatural
a
here in accordance with Art. 45.1.
recognised because of squamulose
Easily
with
undifferentiated thin-walled hairs.
moss
it is formally validated
type (Art. 37.1),
2.
at
broadly cylindrical
10-12
x
some
Between
—
macroscopical
The
species
subutriform, thick-walled,
or
SWITZERLAND:
—
14.V1I1.1949, Favre (holotype
Notes:
1986
in the Swiss Alps. Aut.
type-locality
the
scarce.
Basidia 32-39
frequent.
at extreme
HABITAT
subfusiform
to
3,
Vol.
thick, colourless wall, somewhat crystalliferous
pm
pleurocystidia,
as
walled, colourless,
a—Suppl.
pileus and broadly adnate
sub-
to
decurrent olivaceous brown lamellae.
36.
Inocybe
Inocybe albovelutipes Stangl
SELECTED ICON.
30-50
Pileus
ochraceous
5/4],
with
a
young,
11 —17(—19)
at
apex
subspermatic.
x
to
gm,
a
not
Taste not
4.5-6.0
gm,
on
1.0
to
pleurocystidia,
gm
abundant.
white.
rather undifferentiated
Quercus, Fagus,
gm,
caulocystidioid
HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION.
—
broad
margin
at
166.
1980.
umbo,
yellowish
ochraceous
not
x
6-9
but
not
tinge
pinkish
brown
buff
[10
to
YR
rimulose, dull, sometimes
50-70, 1
=
40-45
Stipe
average 8.8-9.3
with
x
5.0-5.4
subconical
clavatc
thick-walled,
7-10
x
46:
=
mm,
1-3,
moderately
in old
equal
specimens
somewhat
or
whitish
bulbous, solid,
near
apex,
with
white-
Cortina present in
young specimens. Context whitish.
frequent. Paracystidia
25-38
Mykol.
recorded.
subamygdaliform,
not
low
swollen base,
cylindrico-clavate, slenderly
Basidia
Z.
hue. Lamellae, L
thick, colourless wall, crystalliferous
to
with
sometime with
pruinose.
in
1980.
somewhat darker,
slightly
pale yellow-brown,
minority subcapitate, slightly
with
167.
85
Fig.
—
narrowly adnate, greyish brown,
fimbriate,
sometimes with
then
smooth, regular
greyish
broad, (sub)ventricose,
mm
Spores 8.0-10.0
x
46:
woolly-tomentose,
velipellis causing
covering,
Smell faint,
Winterhoff & Schwobel
Mykol.
plano-convex
to
faint olivaceous tinge; edge
fibrillose
a
Z.
rather coarsely
to
attenuated below,
when
al. in
convex
mm,
thin
crowded, 4-5
with
Stangl,
in
&
buff, rather pale, old specimens
minutely
covered
Stangl
—
albovelutipes Stangl
with
at
apex.
to
clalvate
Q
=
1.6-1.9, Q
less
then 0.5
=
1.7-1.8,
(42-)46-69(-74)
subfusiform
slenderly
usually
apex,
gm,
Pleurocystidia
or
gm,
subutriform,
sometimes up
rather frequent. Cheilocystidia similar
to
cylindrical, thin-walled, colourless,
4-spored. Caulocystidia
absent,
at
extreme
apex
only
hairs present.
Under frondose and coniferous
trees on
sandy soil. Associated
Picea. Rare in
Europe, known from three localities in the
Pinus, and
,
Netherlands. Aug.-Oct.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kits
van
IVaveren:
prov.
—
N
ETHERLANDS:
Gelderland,
prov
Overijssel,
Warnsveld,
17.VIII. 1962,
Noord-Holland, Vogelenzang, 16.X.1955, Swanenburg
borealis, Kuopio,
12.IX.1981,
21.VIII.1980, Runge (M);
Winterhoff (holotype
of I.
Vauras
Sandhausen
1156F
near
albovelutipes, M).
(M).
—
G
Heidelberg,
de
Veye.
ERMANY:
Diine
Kits
—
F
Eerde, 13.V111.1963,
van
IVaveren;,
Eifel, Totenmaar,
Pflege Schonau,
prov.
inland: Savonia
16.X.1974,
Gillenfeld,
Schwobel
&
K
Note:
119).
as
Inocybe
On
albovelutipes
account
infraspecific
See also
of
taxa
but
one
comments
monochroa
SELECTED
Pileus
ICON.
24
to
extending
over
with
fibrils
crowded,
not
to
3
J.
very
more
mm,
in
Europe
close
might
119
I
monochroa
I.
to
cystidial
at
because
characters both
well
diverging,
J.
Favre
(see
p.
accepted
taxa are
indicate that they
merely
are
white.
somewhat darker brownish
85.
Fig.
Inocybe albovelutipes.
86.
Inocybe
monochroa.
Unters.
radially
Stipe
F. 5:
N.F.
slightly
201.
5:
1955.
pi.
7,
YR
3.
1955.
somewhat
inflexed,
[10
f.
7/6],
centre
velipellis, outwards rather coarsely wolly-fibrillose,
rimulose. Lamellae, L
35
N.
NatParks,
margin
ventricose, rather broadly
x
4
underneath
—
—
NatParks,
schweiz.
umbonate,
Fig. 86
—
then pale ochraceous brown
whitish,
tomentose
not
Fig.
wiss.
indistinctly
not
broad,
Favre
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
Ergebn.
first
of
monochroa J.
Ergebn.
in
convex,
lamellae,
mm
material
in
species.
Favre
3-6/3]; edge fimbriate,
to
Inocybe
R:
under I. subnudipes Ktihner (p. 235).
J. Favre
—
remaining whitish
P E
comes
37. Inocybe
Inocybe
Y
of differences in spore and
species,
autonomous
u
a
mm,
subequal,
rather
=
25-35, 1
=
adnate, yellowish
coarsely
solid,
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
grey
concolorous
whitish
I.
[2.5
with
longitudinal
of I.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype of
1-3, moderately
albovelutipes).
monochroa).
Y
7/
pileus
fibrillose
120
P
but
covering, minutely hairy
pale brownish
in
Taste
spermatic.
11—16(—17)
x
pleurocystidia,
33-41
of
with
on
mugo
Smell when
in
pileus,
somewhat acidulous-
cut
10.1-10.4
5.8
x
Q
/zm,
conical apex.
1.7-1.9,
=
Pleurocystidia
1.5-2.0
to
up
thick,
pm
soon
only present
forming
at
to
similar
to
Cheilocystidia
extreme
1.8,
almost colourless
colourless. Basidia
Paracystidia (slenderly) clavate, thin-walled,
cheilocystidia,
=
somewhat
slenderly subfusiform, exceptionally
to
Q
61—87(—94)
than l/10th)
(less
apex
intermediate zone of rather undifferentiated
an
—
Associated
with
Salix
Dryas octopetala,
retusa, and
Pinus
calcareous soil. Hitherto only known from the Alps. Sept.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
A
—
u
s T
R
I
A:
Tirol, Rosskogel,
Graubiinden, Alp Minger,
Kt.
SWITZERLAND:
—
apex. Context whitish
extreme
crystalliferous apex, moderately frequent.
DISTRIBUTION.
&
1986
hairs.
caulocystidioid
HABITAT
cylindrical
4-spored. Caulocystidia
/xm,
similar to
3,
Vol.
apex.
indistinctly
rather
thick-walled, with
rather frequent.
9-12
x
stipe,
at
near
average
on
/zm,
with
(slenderly)
fim,
pale yellow wall,
truly pruinose
not
5.5-6.5
x
sublageniform,
to
A—Suppl.
i
on
stipe, especially
smooth, subamygdaliform,
tending
so
smell.
as
9.5-11.0
Spores
of
cortex
r
e
1900
alt.
2200
alt.
m,
7.IX.
m,
2.IX.1948,
1982, Kuyper
2164.
(holotype
Favre
of
monochroa, G).
I.
Note:
in
monochroa
Inocybe
having larger
is needed for
a
spores and
abjectus
Inocybe
caucasica
Fung.
Sing,
& Trott.
Sacc.
37.1).
EXCLUDED.
var.
SELECTED
(as
I.
sensu
ICON.
between both
relationships
Soc.
Fauna
Flora
but
Stangl
thicker wall.
a
differs
More material
species.
Figs. 87-90
—
fenn.
5:
1721.
1878.
Inocybe abjecta
—
1887.
Mycol.
Ergebn.
J. Favre
2: 236.
1937.
wiss. Unters.
Ergebn.
in
Inocybe abjecta
—
flocculosa);
Meddn
Rev.
in
albovelutipes
with
schweiz.
NatParks, N.F,
5:
200. 1955,
I.
cavipes
1960
(inval.,
non
1912.
Inocybe peronatella
Art.
in
I.
to
cystidia
abjecta (P. Karst.) Sacc.
5: 768.
in
J. Favre
Inocybe cavipes
(Britz.)
Karst.
P.
(P. Karst.) Sacc., Syll.
Inocybe
close
very
slender
better evaluation of the
38.
Agaricus
comes
more
auct.
J.
—
sensu
J.
wiss.
Unters.
Lange,
Fl.
NatParks,
schweiz.
agar.
dan.
73, pi.
3:
N.F.
6:
11 IB.
587.
(=
1938
I.
flocculosa
eur.
Favre
in
Ergebn. wiss.
Unters.
schweiz.
NatParks,
N.F.
6:
pi. 2,
to
plano-convex,
f.
5.
1960
peronatella).
Pileus 10-25
mm,
subconical
or
subcampanulate
when
then
young,
convex
when dry, sometimes darkest around
umbonate, brown, somewhat paler
centre, squamulosesquarrose,
this
most
at
margin
moderately crowded,
rimulose, sometimes covered with
not
around
conspicuous
to
3
mm
centre, and
Spores
=
1
-6—
(10.0—)10.5—13.5(—14.0)
1.9(—2.0), Q
a
thick, colourless
Cheilocystidia
30-45
x
few with
or
thin-walled, colourless,
to
and
velipellis,
persistent.
Lamellae
x
2-4
6.0-7.0(-7.5)
equal, solid, pale brown,
somewhat
pm,
apex,
on
or
age
apex,
gm,
pleurocystidia,
35-42
11.0-12.3
with
downwards.
x
subconical
gm,
apex.
Pleu-
cylindrical, (slenderly) utriform, sometimes
slightly thick-walled,
moderately
abundant. Basidia
smooth
almost
average
(sub)amygdaliform,
(13—) 14—20(—21)
subcapitate
mm,
near
yellowish wall, hardly crystalliferous
pale
similar
x
1.8-1.9, smooth,
=
rocystidia (51—)54—80(—86)
sublageniform,
Stipe
in middle part, somewhat pruinose
Cortina present in
young specimens.
Q
white-fibrillose
broad, subventricose, adnate, brown,
finally olivaceous-tinged
whitish.
dark brown;
edge fimbriate,
darker brown
a
with
disappearing
x
scarce.
10-12
at
with
apex,
up
Paracystidia
pm,
to
1.0(—1.5)
moderately
4-spored.
frequent.
slenderly
Stipe
at
clavate,
apex
with
K
Figs.
'rue
to
in
COLLECTIONS
of A.
-
Caucasus,
i
t
z E
R
L
—
EXAMINED.
abjectus,
A
N
D:
F
—
should be
much
show
in
Europe
121
I
of
holotype
from
I.
abjecta;
88.
from
the
sometimes
apex,
descending
INLAND:
~
»
trees
on
bare
soil
or
development
Sesvenna
•
Plan
near
description
is
that
(H).
(holotype
of
~
a
to
of the
velipellis,
J
20.VIII.
is
1944,
stipe,
a
to
that
the
1944,
treatment of
Karsten
UNION:
LE).
—
'
(authentic
of I.
cavipes,
original protologues.
reason
character.
Favre
(holotype
in
variation is
that
1877,
caucasica,
I.
Favre
21 .IX.
SOVIET
20.VIII.
Very
mosses.
July-Sept.
variation
some
and for
—
-
r
Tablasot,
colour. This
pileal
then
\
compilation of
there
regard
differences, justifying
11.VIII.1892
Ot and
Scarl,
taxonomic value should be attached
constant
&
Vasilieva
*
between
however,
with
l/6th of
between
australis, Tammela, Syrja,
Tavastia
5.IX.1890
1936,
Graubiinden,
remarked,
to
cauloparacystidia.
30. VII.
Mt.,
Kt.
characters, especially
by
Inocybe
at extreme
16.IX.1878,
H),
Note: The macroscopical
only
r:
Under coniferous
material
of I. personatella, G); Val
G); Planeyse, 16.IX.1968, Huijsman.
It
E
known from Finland, Switzerland, and the Soviet Union.
Yatyrgvarta
,
w
...
only
mixed with
DISTRIBUTION.
&
Europe;
(holotype
P
Spores, pleurocystidia (87.
—
sometimes
cheilocystidia,
HABITAT
Y
caucasica).
of I.
caulocystidia,
similar
rare
Inocybe abjecta.
87-88.
holotype
U
I
macroscopical
probably
assume
caused
that
More material
infraspecific
taxa.
not
might
122
P
Figs.
89-90. Inocybe abjecta.
authentic material
e
—
r
on
i
a—Suppl.
Spores, pleurocystidia
39.
Pileus
stipe
1.
20-35
25-55
Pileus
x
12-21
part; stipe
Kuhner
with
mm,
in
Bull.
dark
2.5-5
mm
mm,
with
21-45
(89.
3,
1986
from
holotype
of I.
cavipes;
90.
from
phaeodisca Kühner
Inocybe
Soc. Nat.
Oyonnax
KEY TO THE VARIETIES
1.
Vol.
peronatella).
of I.
Inocybe phaeodisca
so
x
brown
OF
9
5.
1955
I. PHAEODISCA
isabella-brown
to
(Suppl.):
centre,
contrasting pale
and
•
brown
1.5-3
mm
39.1.
I.
to
var.
pale
brown
centre
and
almost
whitish
to
var.
phaeodisca
var.
phaeodisca
Fig.
—
buff outer
phaeodisca,
very
pale
part;
p.
122
buff outer
geophylloides,
p.
124
91
Inocybe phaeodisca Kuhner
Inocybe phaeodisca
MISAPPLIED NAME,
SELECTED ICONES.
mycol.
29:
pi. 72,
f.
var.
—
—
1.
diosma
Reumaux
Inocybe descissa
in
Docs
sensu
mycol. 14(54-55):
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol. 15: pi. 743,
1980.
f.
1.
1930
30.
1984.
15:
pi. 743,
(as
I.
f.
descissa).
1.
—
1930.
Alessio, Iconogr.
K
Pileus 20-35
sometimes only
4/4
to
8/4],
10
YR
around
fibrillose,
indistinctly
6/4],
rather
L
30-45, 1
mm,
equal
downwards
whitish,
conspicuously
metimes
not
Spores
zone
(8.5—)9.0—10.5
4.5-5.5
x
tending
Mm
to
on
/urn,
13-17
x
fim,
sublageniform, although
4-spored.
Stipe
a
pruinose
at
at
in
at
outwards
velipellis
observed.
downwards
in young
extreme
9.3-9.7
x
5.1-5.3
HABITAT
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Quercus. Probably
western
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
Bas
but
rare
subfusiform
to
(holotype
of
I.
'
1.7-2.0, Q
true
apex.
subutriform, sometimes
1.59-2.0)
to
frequent. Cheilocystidia
similar
caulocystidia,
only
some
Associated with Alnus, Betula,
in Europe,
NETHERLANDS:
—
phaeodisca
~
=
with conical
thick-walled, with up
so,
trees.
in
known from
two
x
to
8-10
rather
Fagus,
localities in
the
June-Sept.
7783A\ Oostvoorne, 28.VI.1972,
Unterfahlheim, 4.iX.1982,
Figs.
Under frondose
part of the Netherlands.
25.VIII.1981,
Reumaux
—
widespread
so-
red-brown
Q
undifferentiated caulocystidioid hairs present.
and
specimens,
pileus, distinctly
suprahilar, depression,
without
buff,
rather
recorded.
apex, rather
apex
2.5—5
x
pinkish
apex
apex,
conspicuous
conspicuously
not
no
YR
age,
on
(broadly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 24-33
at
even
average
with
margin;
YR
buff [10
pale
fimbriate, whitish. Stipe 25-55
not
cylindrical,
thick, colourless wall, crystalliferous
pleurocystidia. Paracystidia
Mm,
Taste
at
is
cracking
bulbous, solid,
not
Context whitish
stipe.
isabella-brown [7.5
hardly ventricose, moderately broadly
indistinctly
1.8-1.9, smooth, subamygdaliform, partly
Pleurocystidia (46—)52—74
rimulose
or
5/4]; edge
Y
base, but
faint, subspermatic.
Smell
not
not
umbonate
plano-convex,
to
half which
subtomentose, slightly
to
very
on
to
brown
outer
shite-fibrillose. Cortina
longitudinally
stipe.
at
only
or
leaving ring-like
upper part of
=
somewhat swollen
to
with
123
I
convex
dark
centre
crowded,
not
Europe
in
then
young,
contrasting
[10 YR-2.5
adnate, yellowish-brownish
Inocybe
r:
hardly diverging,
or
1-3,
=
E
around
sericeous-smooth
centre
=
P
when
so,
strongly
but with fibrils not
Lamellae,
Y
campanulalte
mm,
but
u
var.
Bas 5830.
diosma,
herb.
prov.
—
F
Leiden,
Zuid-Holland:
R
A
N
Reumaux).
c
E:
—
Ardennes,
Bois de
GERMANY:
Vandy,
Bavaria,
"
Enderle.
91-92. Inocybe phaeodisca.
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (91.
from
Enderle;
92.
from
Kuyper 2139).
124
P
Notes:
1. The
Kiihner
by
2, Inocybe phaeodisca
being
variant
for
so
on
description
39.2. I.
Inocybe phaeodisca
SELECTED
ICONES.
Basidiomyc.: pi. 19,
Pileus 12-21
with
20-30
f.
5-6/6],
phaeodisca
geophylloides
var.
Alessio,
—
1.
outer
crowded,
21-45
Kiihner in
plano-convex
mm, convex,
extending
half very
2-4 mm
1.5-3
x
buff
pale
broad,
[5
with
YR 5/8],
in upper part of
at extreme
stipe, pale
(8.0—)9.0—1
Spores
to
1.0
not
distinctly
to
half
outer
30.
1984)
14(54-55):
3-5
x
mm)
and
complex
This
material is
more
local
needed
absent,
&
to
swollen
2139.
Farbatl
Nismes, 8.X.1982
at
,
YR
10 YR
5.0-6.0
extreme
—
on
average
with
conical
pm,
N
to
similar
apex
of
1.5
to
stipe
frondose
ETHERLANDS:
2299
somewhat
base,
but
more
narrowly
whitish.
Stipe
whitish,
reddish brown
rather coarsely
spermatic.
9.1-10.0
apex.
x
pm
&
Taste
5.3-7
Pleurocystidia
thick,
even
near
longitudinally
smell.
Q
=
1.6-2.0,
(52-)53-67(-70)
somewhat
Q
x
lageniform,
colourless wall, crystalliferous
rather
Basidia 28-34
only
as
pm,
frequent. Paracystidia
x
9-11
with
somewhat
also
under
pm,
4-spored.
differentiated, but
hairs.
trees,
conifers
Probably widespread but
(unidentified).
rare
in
Europe,
Zuid-Holland, Wassenaar,
prov.
Namur, Ave-et-Auffe,
30.IX.1984, Kuyper
2597.
Fond
—
d'Auffe, 3.X.1982, Kuyper
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
17.X. 1974, Kuthan
Rakova near Cadca,
I. kuehneri).
(PRM 828413, as ...
.,
Slovakia,
Westfalen, Heiligenkirchen,
rather
to
bulbous, solid,
not
soon
diverging
1-3, moderately
=
edge fimbriate,
pleurocystidia,
caulocystidioid
Under
BELGIUM: prov.
Kuyper
with
or
disc subtomentose,
at
25-35, 1
=
slenderly utriform, sometimes
Carpinus, and Corylus.
—
8/2],
distinctly
6-7/4,
specimens. Context whitish in pileus, reddish-brownish
young
Cheilocystidia
—
not
downwards
slightly hairy,
fusiform to
EXAMINED.
but
near
locality in the Netherlands. Sept.-Oct.
—
GERMANY:
16.IX.1972, Huijsman\ Eifel,
Gerolstein, Btischkapelle, 4.X.1971, Tjallingii.
Beukers.
40.
Inocybe
Inocybe glabripes Rick., Blatterpilze:
J.
1955.
Jiilich,
[7.5
Lamellae, L
known from
Inocybe microspora
5.
&
only indistinctly umbonate,
not or
radially fibrillose,
Quercus,
COLLECTIONS
Mos.
—
brownish-pinkish
than
Associated with
2.IX.1982, Kuyper
1980.
specimens,
buff in lower part. Smell faint,
DISTRIBUTION.
one
2.
ochraceous brown;
somewhat
sometimes rather undifferentiated,
HABITAT
92
Fig.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
young
pyriform, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
Caulocystidia
—
subventricose, rather broadly
to
to
thick-walled, with up
so,
frequent.
apex, rather
clavate
f.
72,
in
[paler
greasy, dull.
not
apex
x
slenderly
lamellae
whitish
1.7-1.9, smooth, subamygdaliform,
13-20 pm,
Soc. Nat.
pi.
29:
pale isabella-brown [10 YR 7-8/4],
to
age
to
fibrillose. Cortina present in
2257\
but
Kühner
subapplanate,
to
over
ventricose
not
equal
mm,
Bull.
disc isabella-brown
around
margin rimulose,
at
discolouring
at
given
Pelargoniums- smell.
a
geophylloides
Iconogr. mycol..
adnate, whitish, then pale greyish buff
but
mycol.
80-90
taxonomic status,
var.
becoming subsquamulose,
age
fibrils and
(12-)
description
1985.
appendiculate-dentate,
=
stipe
and
the
on
1955).
Docs
(in
mm;
smell
goat-like
a
1986
based
partly
diosma Reumaux
var.
autonomous
somewhat
margin
apex
is
3,
Vol.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.): 75.
basidiocarps (pileus
deserve
a—Suppl.
i
better evaluation.
a
with
Nat.
mixture of
a
could
r
macroscopical
(in Bull. Soc.
differs in slender
smell
e
Lange
in
107.
glabripes Rick.
—
1915.
Dansk bot. Ark. 2(7):
38.
1917.
Fig. 93
K
U
V
P E
R:
Inocybe parvispora Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
SELECTED
pi.
113C.
mycol.
(all
1938.
—
1,
f.
Heim,
R.
Stangl
—
pi. 74,
29:
I.
as
ICONES.
2.
&
1980.
Pileus 9-31
mm,
indexed
minutely
2.5
2-3
[10
Q
with
5/4];
mm,
edge
to
equal
to
almost
79,
pi.
25:
Mitt.
Murrill
parvispora
1931.
Ver.
f.
4.
1971.
Naturw.
1945.
Lange,
J.
—
Fl.
Math.
agar.
dan.
3:
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
Ulm
31:
132.
1981
finally applanate, only indistinctly umbonate,
dark
diverging
brown
greyish
mm
to
even
to
pale
drying.
but
1.6,
Taste
not
smooth,
(41 —)42—66(—67)
mm),
x
at
solid,
hairy
at
[7.5
YR
sometimes
somewhat
rimulose,
Lamellae, L
olivaceous
an
ochraceous
warm
cut
margin
velipellis.
slightly paler
at extreme
Smell when
centre
=
30-40,
broad, somewhat ventricose, narrowly
apex,
smooth. Cortina present in
stipe.
at
not
young
spermatic,
to
or
tinge [7.5
whitish.
Stipe
YR
20-42
honey-coloured
more
truly pruinose, downwards
Context whitish
specimens.
sometimes somewhat acidulous
distinct.
4.0-5.0
x
regular
to
/urn,
wall
to
apex, rather
average 6.9-7.5
on
subamygdaliform,
(10-)11—17(—18)
geniform, thick-walled,
crystalliferous
soon
ochraceous in
subfimbriate,
brown
4/6], radially fibrillose,
fibrils and
indistinct
subdistant, 2-5
subbulbous (4
Spores (6.0—)6.5—8.0
=
I.
2,3.
half [7.5 YR 4/4,
an
YR 6/6, 7/6, 7.5 YR 7/8], minutely
in pileus,
__
in
non
f.
broadly adnate, ochraceous brown, sometimes with
Y
aeriferous-fibrillose,
on
Stangl
&
at outer
sometimes with
1-3, moderately crowded
4/6,
x
specimens
rather
to
1980,
Mykol.
straight,
soon
young,
squamulose in centre,
young
=
Ceska
spreading,
soon
convex,
when
3/2, 3/3, 4/4], somewhat paler
1
289.
125
I
microspora).
margin
in
in
Enderle
—
29:
Europe
in
Inocybe: pi. 20,
Genre
Veselsky
Inocybe
gm,
cylindrical
2.0(-2.5)
/um,
with
almost
colourless
similar
Paracystidia (slenderly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
Fig.
93.
Fig.
Inocybe glabripes.
94.
Inocybe griseovelata.
—
4.4-4.6
Q
apex.
=
(1.4-) 1.5-1.7,
Pleurocystidia
to
to
even
pale yellow,
subla-
sparsely
pleurocystidia, infrequent.
abundant. Basidia 22-28
Spores, pleurocystidia (from authentic
—
/um,
subfusiform, sometimes
to
frequent. Cheilocystidia
x
(sub)conical
material
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Kuyper 2078).
of I.
x
7-9
microspora).
pm,
126
present in
4-spored. Caulocystidia
less similar to
or
a—Suppl.
Pebsooni
HABITAT
cheilocystidia
& DISTRIBUTION.
natural
vegetation.
Central
Europe.
COLLECTIONS
5. VII.
Not
EXAMINED.
4.IX.1945, Huijsman\
(authentic
material of I.
Montbeliard,
Augsburg,
Wittelsbacher
Atholl,
—
Thiir,
de
Park,
Wood,
Birch
Struan
Bois
F
R
also in
in
more
West and
2110.
2416.
S
—
4263.
S
—
Beek-Bergh,
C
o
L
T
24.IX.1955 &
G
—
A
1942, Huijsman; Oegst-
locality unknown, Lange
DENMARK:
—
dpt. Doubs, Lougres,
E:
Kuyper
Kuyper
more
Utrecht, Utrecht,
24. VIII.
's-Gravenhage,
22.VII.1956, Huijsman
5.VIII. 1982,
22.IX. 1983,
c
N
A
but
parks
Widespread
Gelderland:
prov.
5. IX. 1942, Huijsman.
microspora, C).
Huijsman\
in
preferably
27.VI. 1953, Huijsman; prov.
Zuid-Holland:
prov.
length,
but sometimes completely lacking.
June-Sept.
26.VIII. 1952 &
1981, AW 7772; Wassenaar,
less than l/8th of
to
irregulalr,
NETHERLANDS:
—
1986
Betula, Fagus, and Quercus.
in the Netherlands.
rare
descending
part,
Under frondose trees,
—
Associated with
1952,Huijsman; Doetinchem,
geest, 3. VI.
apical
somewhatmore
or
3,
Vol.
22.IX.1956,
Bavaria,
ERMANY:
N D:
Perthshire,
co.
Blair
Valangin, 2.IX.1960,
WITZERLAND:
Huijsman.
Notes:
be
Alessio (Iconogr.
1.
separated
on
between those
some
are
of
I.
clearly
contrary
less
I.
than 8.0
a
Alessio,
has
be
to
placed
other
differ in
small-spored
in the synonymy of I.
by
viz.
having
the
stipe
For that
series
reason
glabripes.
that
are
on
albomarginata
I.
pruinose
observations
my
continuous
taxon.
its very small spores
small-spored species,
could
taxa
pleurocystidia, although
almost
an
two
The main difference
However,
too.
found
I
as
that
parvispora.
and
throughout
average
Velen. and
in the
lack
cortina.
3. This
can
reported
were
easily recognisable
gm. Two
Heim
R.
langei
of
is
asserted
1980)
and I.
in different collections of this
parvispora Alessio
species
habit
those of
to
290.
microspora
lie in the dimensions of the
to
differences in
cystidial length
2. This
said
taxa was
smaller
29:
mycol.
viz. I.
specific level,
be
same
has
species
much
not
species
up
to
doubt
now
that
years earlier.
two
been called I.
Ricken
Unfortunately
J.
microspora
107.
(Blatterpilze:
his
had described
has
species
new
there
Lange. However,
1915)
the
been completely
overlooked.
41.
Inocybe griseovelata
SELECTED
ICON.
Pileus 24-42
in
or
chestnut
because of
squamose
&
plano-convex
but
soon
brown
Soc. Nat.
[7.5
to
rimulose
to
5
mm
at
Kühner
Mykol.
31: 202.
YR
94
Fig.
—
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
in Ceska
4. 1955.
1977.
applanate, without umbo, with margin somewhat indexed
straight, (dark) brown,
2/4, 3/4,
10
sometimes with
YR 4/6,
smooth around disc, with
recurvately squarrose,
not
crowded,
Bull.
Veselsky
greyish velipellis,
to
diverging,
to
mm,
specimens
young
more
Kiihner in
Stangl
—
Inocybe griseovelata
outwards
margin, dull,
not
5/4],
later
pellis
radially fibrillose,
shiny. Lamellae,
broad, (sub)ventricose,
narrowly
with
breaking
30-70, 1
=
=
and
slightly
hardly
not or
1-3, subdistant
adnate, greyish
broadly
tinge
paler patches
up
but with fibrils
L
to
ochraceous
an
scattered
buff,
without distinct olivaceous
yellowish buff to ochraceous brown,
tinges; edge fimbriate, whitish.
Stipe
apex
lens
24-42
5-9
at extreme
sometimes
part,
x
sometimes
not
Spores
mm,
equal, remarkably
faintly pinkish-tinged,
apex (less
distinctly
so.
than
l/10th of
x
5.5—6.5(—7.0)
Smell
gim,
stout,
pruinose
stipe),
Context whitish in
distinctly pinkish-tinged.
9.0-11.0
not
solid,
or
whitish
downwards
pileus, pale
average
Taste
9.4-10.5
yellowish
buff,
hairy-pruinose
at
under
longitudinally white-fibrillose,
brownish in
faint, subspermatic.
on
pale
to
only indistinctly
x
stipe especially
as
in
apical
smell.
5.7-6.2
gm,
Q
=
1.6-1.8,
K
Q
locystidia
similar
to
pleurocystidia,
thin-walled, colourless,
absent
only
or
at
caulocystidioid
HABITAT
but often
with only
COLLECTIONS
also
and
—
cylindrical.
Grund
&
species
NAME.
in
Z. Pilzk.
ICON.
15-40
37: 22.
Stangl
—
mm,
Lamellae
becoming
in
similis
Associated with Fagus,
in Z.
Pilzk. 37:
when still closed
at centre
with
in
or
only
in the
locality
one
2467.
G
—
ERMANY:
Toscane, Arezzo,
variable and
differs
in
Huijsman
5. IV.
Me-
in
the
a
broadly
obscurobadia
much
more
cystidial
wall
being
Bavaria,
1984, Gennari.
ranges from
resemble I.
and
spores
9: 473.
robust
that
is
too.
95
Fig.
—
1978.
Bull.
pi.
3.
Soc.
Nat.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
14.
1955;
at
first
up into
of
adnexed
thickened
margin,
soon
expanding,
campanulate
pale alutaceous brown and tomentose, but
remaining patches
slightly
similis).
I.
with incurved
breaking
soon
(as
1971
to
patches
underlying
and rags,
tending
to
layer and this with
strongly darkening
tomentum
sinuato-adnexed,
3.5
ochraceous, then cinnamon-brown; edge
equal
Y:
species is different,
Kiihner
in West and
rare
July-Aug., but
1971.
moderately crowded, slightly
mm,
some
trees.
species might
but it
Persoonia
sensu
distinctly umbonate,
contrasting
more
Caulocystidia
mixed with
Zuid-Holland,'s-Gravenhage,
TAL
rather
the ochraceous-alutaceous smooth
showing
stipe,
of rather differentiated
from
Trimbach
somewhat wider
Huijsman
Inocybe
I
—
brunneotomentosa
Inocybe
—
prov.
the
case
somewhat,
having
brunneotomentosa
plano-convex,
2.5-5
Stuntz
the stipe),
with tomentum
except
x
this
In this latter
colourless. The smell of both
Stangl
to
Chei-
zone
Region.
Known
Nice, 9.XII.1982,
C E:
is
SELECTED
and
N
from in
MISAPPLIED
Pileus
ETHERLANDS:
A
Cystidial
42.
sensu
April).
2078.
Favre)
Inocybe
R
Mediterranean
(Dec.,
spring
N
—
F
the
Park,2.VIII. 1982,Kuyper
(especially
(almost)
EXAMINED.
8248.
in
occurring
winter
Bas
to
4-spored.
/am,
l/10th of
intermediate
narrow
Siebentisch
utriform
9-12
than
up
(very) frequent.
apex,
Paracystidia slenderly clavate,
scarce.
x
Under frondose and coniferous
—
Netherlands.
Note:
a
less
at
Pinus, and Pseudotsuga. Widespread, but apparently (very)
diterranean in
Augsburg,
very
Basidia 27-38
to
with
lageniform, thick-walled,
hairs.
Europe,
21.VII.19B4,
to
with conical
depression,
cylindrical, slenderly fusiform,
/urn,
crystalliferous
frequent
not
127
I
suprahilary
11 —24(—25)
apex, descending
& DISTRIBUTION.
Tilia, Quercus,
Central
(10—)
frequent.
very
extreme
cauloparacystidia,
Europe
in
sometimnes with
x
colourless wall,
thick, (almost)
/am
Inocybe
r:
E
utriform, sometimes indistinctly
broadly
to
1.5(—2.0)
'bus
P
Pleurocystidia (51-)54-70(-74)
slenderly
to
Y
1.7, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
=
apex.
(J.
u
to
minutely fimbriate,
downwards, solid, pruinose
at
mm
excoriate
age
more
(velipellis?).
broad, whitish,
whitish.
Stipe
25-35
whitish top, elsewhere
dirty alutaceous, becoming dirty grey-brown from base upwards but remaining pale at top.
Cortina present in
Context whitish in pileus, in stipe somewhat paler
young specimens.
than
cortex.
Spores
smooth,
Smell
7.5-9.5
spermatic.
x
gun,
clavate
(almost)
colourless
cystidia,
not
23-29
7-9
'/3rd of
°nly
in
a
Taste
gm,
on
with
(sub)amygdaliform,
14—20(—23)
x
4.5-5.5
to even
stipe,
very
known.
average 8.2-8.8
(sub)conical
wall, crystalliferous
4-spored.
similar
narrow
to
zone
x
4.9-5.3 gm, Q
apex.
at
apex,
=
Pleurocystidia
cylindrico-clavate, thick-walled,
frequent. Paracystidia
gm,
not
with
up
1.5-1.8, Q
to
cheilocystidia
and
of about l/10th of
2.0-2.5
frequent. Cheilocystidia similar
present
mixed
stipe.
in
apical
with
part,
at
/urn
to
frequent.
most
cauloparacystidia,
„
1.6-1.7,
(34—)36—51(—52)
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, (very)
Caulocystidia
=
pleuroBasidia
descending
but
x
thick,
to
sometimes
128
P e
HABITAT
Carpinus.
& DISTRIBUTION.
Very
COLLECTIONS
22. VIII.
senaar,
rare
in
EXAMINED.
Bas
1265.
G
i A—Suppl.
on
from
known
trees.
ERMANY:
1986
Associated with
localities in the
two
Quercus, Fagus, and
Netherlands. Aug.-Oct.
Gelderland,
prov.
brunneotomentosa, L);
of I.
3,
Vol.
NETHERLANDS:
—
—
so
Under frondose
—
Europe,
1953, Huijsman (holtoype
5.X.1957,
r
Bavaria, Augsburg,
Vorden,
Zuid-Holland,
prov.
Siebentisch
Park,
8-10. VIII.
Was-
1966,
Stangl 366\ Siebentischstrasse, 22.IX.1966, Slangl 367.
Note: The
9:
473.
with
a
macroscopical description
1978).
Inocybe
a
rather
can
latter
copied
be
and
I.
Huijsman (in
with
tenebrosa
a
Persoonia
other
two
differently-shaped,
lacks
species
from
confused
Stuntz and
melanopus
pale ochraceous pileus,
whereas the
pleurocystidia,
with
viz. I.
darkening stipe,
species has
has been
brunneotomentosa
species
The former
Quel.
rather thin-walled
cortina and has the stipe
covered
caulocystidia throughout.
43.
Inocybe rupestris
SELECTED
Pileus
12
outwards
adnate,
ICON.
J. Favre
—
mm,
in
J. Favre
conical,
Inocybe rupestris
Ergebn.
in
wiss.
Ergebn.
at
spermatic. Taste
Fig.
95.
Fig.
Inocybe
96.
Inocybe rupestris.
Fig.
NatParks,
schweiz.
brunneotomentosa.
—
L
=
30,
1
concolorous edge.
pileus, pruinose
Smell
—
—
apex,
not
=
1-3,
Stipe
fibrillose
96
N.F.
NatParks,
umbonate, chestnut-brown, somewhat
greyish-brownish with
Context whitish.
Favre
Unters. schweiz.
wiss. Unters.
minutely squamulose. Lamellae,
somewhat paler than
J.
not
14
5: 201.
N.F. 5:
3
94.
tomentose
crowded, 3
x
1955.
fig.
mm,
downwards.
mm
1955
around
centre,
wide, narrowly
equal, solid, brown,
Cortina
not
observed.
recorded.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
Spores, pleurocystidia (from lectotype
of I.
of I.
rupestris).
brunneotomentosa).
K
__
Q
u
Y
P E
5.0-6.0
Spores (8.0—)8.5—10.5(— 11.0) x
Inocybe
r:
indistinct
callus.
sometimes
Pleurocystidia (49-)52-62(-66)
apex, rather
at
x
5.4
Q
pm,
Paracystidia
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
of
similar
stipe
cheilocystidia.
to
HABITAT
study,
to
& DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTION
EXAMINED.
Note: The macroscopical
Easily recognised
yellow
x
7-9
4-spored.
pm,
apical part
reticulata
wall,
frequent.
not
and these
calcareous
on
Alps. Aug.
rupestris, design.
of I.
and S.
with
broadly cylindrical,
thick,
pm
29-36
but
germ-pore
to
observed in
retusa
(1.5—)1.6—1.8(—1.9),
=
pleurocystidia,
to
Basidia
frequent.
caulocystidia
SWITZERLAND:
—
(lectotype
Favre
2.0(-3.0)
similar
Associated with Salix
—
Known only from the Swiss
VI11.1943,
few
a
slenderly
pm,
to
up
frequent. Cheilocystidia
Covering
difficult
14-18
x
with
thick-walled,
cylindrico-clavate,
crystalliferous
B.
average 9.1
pm, on
129
I
1.7, smooth, subamygdaliform, often with apical papilla, without
=
soil.
Europe
in
has been
description
because
of its
Graubunden,
Kt.
Monthoux
from Favre
copied
cylindrical
Bella,
Blaisch
alt.
2400
m,
with
an
Kuyper, G).
&
(1. c.).
and
pleurocystidia
spores
apical papilla.
44.
Inocybe aeruginascens
Babos
Inocybe pseudohaemacta
Inocybe pintureaui
SELECTED
Mykol.
50:
s.
n.
Pileus 10-44
young with
but
subtomentose
narrowly
whitish
mm, at
fibrils
adnate
hardly
to
longitudinally
so,
soon
=
finally
triform
wall,
or
x
to
8:
pi.
('1984')
22.
1985.
(inval., Art. 37.1)
1979.
62.
1977.
margin
at
discolours
without
but
from base
even
Hohmeyer
—
of
in
Z.
at
apex,
sometimes
pm,
with
soap. Taste
on
average 8.3-9.6
subconical,
(12—) 13—22(—24)
frequent.
to
pm,
or
x
22-50
at
fimbriate,
3-7
x
first,
mm,
slowly
specimens
rather
Context
disappearing.
Smell
sweetish
with
a
indistinct.
4.6-5.5
pm,
Q
=
1.5-2.0,
but sometimes almost obtuse, apex.
slenderly
to
1.5-2.0 colourless
Cheilocystidia
minutely
in old
soon
smell
YR
radially
apex, downwards slightly
lower part.
as
when
10
umbo somewhat
whitish
even
specimens,
in
Stipe
at
8/4,
broad, subventricose,
with
solid,
base, pruinose
in young
cheap
4.0-5.5(-6.0)
x
but
at
mm
bruising.
bulb,
stipe, especially
subamygdaliform,
(37—)41 —66(—71)
on
Y
greenish tinges,
clay-brown,
to
marginate
upwards,
7
to
[2.5
around
rimulose,
not
greenish
dark blue-green
in
brown
sometimes mixed with
subclavate, thick-walled, with up
crystalliferous
sordid ochraceous
free, pale grey-brown
pale blue-green
smooth,
Pleurocystidia
col.
39.
plano-convex, with pronounced obtuse umbo,
fibrillose. Cortina present
(7.5-)8.0-10.0
L6-1.9,
1c.
rar.
107:
Lamellae normally crowded,
disagreeable component, reminding
Spores
1970.
mycol. 14(56):
Normandie
grey,
diverging,
sometimes
blue-green
whitish in pileus,
Q
57: 21.
in Docs
Fung.
in
sordid buff
velipellis.
subbulbous,
mconspicuously
Babos
umbo sordid
almost
to
which
discolouring
Bot. Kozl.
Soc. linn.
first conical,
around
to
Bull.
&
in
Courtecuisse
97-98
Figs.
—
1984.
because of
edge
cylindrical
Bohus
—
Bohus
in
indexed margin,
7/4, 6/4, 5/6],
fibrillose,
in
Babos
aeruginascens
M. Bon &
Duchemin
ICONES.
pi.
Inocybe
similar
to
to
broadly
fusiform, subu-
faintly yellowish-tinged
pleurocystidia,
rather
in-
frequent. Paracystidia (slenderly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless, numerous. Basidia 23-34
x
7~'0 Mm, 4-spored. Caulocystidia only present in apical zone, descending to l/6th of
stl
Pe,
similar
■ntermediate
HABITAT
ar>d
the
Salix.
to
cheilocystidia,
zor>e
of
cylindrical,
& DISTRIBUTION.
—
mixed
with
cauloparacystidia,
rather undifferentiated
Under frondose
trees
downwards
caulocystidioid
on
with
a
narrow
hairs.
sandy soil. Associated with Populus
Widespread in West and Central Europe, but probably overlooked.
Netherlands from two localities in the dunes. June-Oct.
Known
in
130
P
Figs.
97-98.
98. from
of I.
Boekhout
13.IX.1980, Bas
I.
Pest,
7663.
&
1974,
20. VI.
20. VI.
Babos
Notes:
O
N I
A—Suppl.
R
—
A
G
s:prov.
E
r
Babos
Pas-de-Calais,
E:
C
m
A
N
Y:
1986
(isotype
of I.
isotype
from
of I.
Zuid
IX.
1984,
d, Callantsoog,
Holland, Rockanje,
-
Touquet, 22.VII.1984,
Le
pseudohaemacta;
oord-Hollan
N
prov.
Potsdam,
Drewitz.
Courtecuisse
(isotype
HUNGARY:
—
Com.
aeruginascens, BP); Budapest, Soroksar-Peterimajor,
Szentendrei, Horany,
Insula
Budapest,
3,
Spores, pleurocystidia (97.
ETHERLAND
N
Vol.
13.IX.1975,
Rakoshegy-Ferihegy,
Babos
10.IX.1968,
(BP);
Budapest, Pestlorinc,
(BP);
Ferencz
Com.
Pest,
Ocsa,
Babos.
1.
lacks
species
This
in
(Drewitz
amounts
N
—
1967,
(BP);
31.V.1966, Franko (BP);
19.VI.I967,
—
O
21.X.1979, Kuling-Coenraads\
F
—
pseudohaemacta, L).
Csevharaszt,
S
aeruginascens).
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
of
R
Inocybe aeruginascens.
isotype
25.VIII.1979,
E
but
muscarine,
Mykol. Mittt.
26:
11.
contains
in
psilocybin
&
1983; Stijve
al.
in
rather
Persoonia
great
12:
472.
1985).
2.
from the
Specimens
having
show
somewhat
some
larger
overlap,
Atlantic
coast
spores and less
differ
from the
Hungarian
thick-walled cystidia. But
the
collections from West
Europe
45.
Inocybe
do
not
collections in
both characters
as
deserve
an
autonomous
rank.
Agaricus hystrix Fr., Epicrisis:
Nat.
Folk
32:
453.
pi.
11 IE.
1938.
1838.
—
Karst.
Fig.
—
Inocybe hystrix (Fr.)
P.
99
Karst.
in
Bidr.
Kanned.
Finl
1879.
SELECTED ICONES.
3:
171.
hystrix (Fr.) P.
—
—
R.
Fr.,
Ic.
sel.
Hymenomyc.
Phillips, Paddest. Schimm.:
2:
pi.
152.
106,
1981.
f.
1.
1877.
—
J.
Lange,
Fl.
agar,
dan
K
Pileus 8-28
extending
brown
pale
on
converging
30-70,1
then
buff
form bundles,
brownish
or
appressed
(dark)
10—22(—23)
Mm
smooth,
/rm,
brown
to
2-10
x
scales,
5.0-6.5
pm,
and
on
—
average
with
at
erect,
white.
whitish when
8.6-11.1
slightly
x
=
young,
3-5
mm,
half covered with
Cortina present
apex.
x
5.1-6.3
pm,
Q
Pleurocystidia
lageniform, thick-walled,
wall,
20-60
Stipe
in lower
and
in
young
Taste nihil.
subconical apex.
to
pointed
Lamellae, L
woolly.
more
crystalliferous
with
at
=
1.5-2.0, Q
(54-)58-92
up
apex,
to
x
1.5-2.0
moderately
thin-walled, colourless, abundant. Basidia 24-35
subcylindrical,
& DISTRIBUTION.
with (dark) brown scales
centre
pleurocystidia, moderately frequent. Paracystidia (slenderly)
Caulocystidia
undifferentiated caulocystidioid
HABITAT
around
buff, especially
subspermatic.
yellowish
to
similar to
even
4-spored.
indistinctly umbonate, with margin
scales
pruinose
not
to
sublageniform
colourless
sometimes
fim,
131
I
ventricose, broadly adnate,
not
brownish
subamygdaliform,
frequent. Cheilocystidia
clavate,
Europe
margin appressed
broad,
mm
cylindrical,
thick, almost
in
greyish-brownish; edge (sub)flocculose,
Spores (7.5—)8.0—12.5
1.6-1.9,
Inocybe
r:
background;
specimens. Context whitish. Smell nihil
=
n
without umbo or
towards
clavate, solid, ochraceous
to
woolly,
to
P
applanate,
to
brownish
or
Y
lamellaeand sometimes subappendiculalte,
over
1-3, crowded, 2-3
=
pale
equal
convex
mm,
somewhat
u
even
at
extreme
hairs present.
apex
absent,
only
a
few
x
cylindrical,
Under frondose trees, sometimes also under coniferous
trees.
Associated with Fagus, Quercus,
Corylus, Carpinus , and Picea. Widespread in northern Europe,
less
and
common
in Central
Europe,
also
decreasing. Aug.-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
Bijlsma;
Douwes-,
St-
prov. N
EXAMINED.
—
N
ETHERLAND
oord-Braban
Ginneken,
28.VIII.
occurring
"
t:
s:prov.
Chaam,
1959, Jansen; ~Wouw,
in North America.
29.IX.
11.X.1936
G
e
1
d
e
1959,. Maas
,Huijsman.
r
1
Rare in the Netherlands,
a
n
d.Renkum, 16.1X.1977,
Geesteranus
—
B
13012 &
ELGIU
11.IX.1959,
M: prov.
Limburg,
Pietersberg, Caestert, 17.X.1952, Maas Geesteranus 9214; Champion, IX. 1938, Huijsman. —
CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Slovakia, Nizke Tatry, Bystra Dolina, near hotel Srdiecko, 5.IX.1960,
Fig.
Fig.
99.
Inocybe hystrix.
100. Inocybe
—
squarrosa.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Fungi exsiccati suecici 2308).
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (from topotype
of I.
squarrosa).
132
Bas
P
2075.
S
—
O T L
A
E
w
suecici
E
D
N
D:
2308, PC).
—
Both
Note:
W
3,
Vol.
1986
Gerolstein,
ALES:
Reisrod
William, along
Fort
Has
2529',
Westfalen,
25.IX.1980, Kuyper
Nevis,
River
Montgomeryshire,
CO.
and
spore-length
that
cystidial
the
reason
Vyrnwy, IX.1960,
Lake
show
length
much
of
recognition
1487.
16.IX.1983, Kuyper 2381',
Atholl, 26.IX.1983, Kuyper
hotel
near
Gees,
near
parish, Gullmarsberg, 16.IX.1953, Nathorst-Windahl (Fungi
Skredsvik
correlation. For
weak
a—Suppl.
on i
Gams', Eifel,
Invernessshire,
co.
Bohuslan,
N:
so
Dunkeld, 6.IX.1953, Reid\ Pitlochry,
Perthshire:
co.
S
c
1972,
10.IX.
R
Oldenburg, Zetel, Neuenburger Urwald, 24.X.1961,
ERMANY:
G
—
Heiligenkirchen,
E
Kits
van
—
exsiccati
Waveren.
but
variation,
infraspecific
2434.
taxa
only
a
not
seems
warranted.
46.
Inocybe
squarrosa
Rea
SELECTED ICONES.
3.
in
Trans.
Rea
—
in
3-22
Pileus
a
whitish
mm,
mycol.
Br.
Trans.
Soc. 5: 250.
mycol.
Br.
—
100
Fig.
1916.
Soc.
tinged brown; edge
pi.
5:
4.
1916.
with
all
(J
at
mm
apex,
faint lilac
even
over,
yellowish
cut,
a
Huijsman
—
Fungus
in
or
pi
25:
(12—) 14—22(—26)
Cheilocystidia
at extreme
faint lilac
a
x
20-25, 1
15-45
1-3
x
mm,
1-3,
=
olivaceous-
or
equal
slightly
or
very
young
specimens.
Smell
pinkish tinge.
or
at
white-fibrillose
tinge, longitudinally
Context
pale
when
subspermatic
Taste indistinct.
5.0-6.0
on
pm,
average 8.8-10.3
x
to
some
5.2-5.7
Q
pt m,
—
N
Ruurlo, 25.VII.1953, Huijsman',
prov.
VIII.1971,
27. VIII.
van
1957,
1.6-2.1,
=
material
Huijsman.
S
169.
Denekamp,
Staverden,
de
Meijer
of I.
549.
—
squarrosa,
from the
E
4-spored.
trees
s:prov.
14.VIII.1971,
d:
F
r
de
i
e
Bas
21. IV.
N
K).
G
—
L
A
N
D:
co.
absent, sometimes
Associated
1
s
a
2494\
n
d,Terschelling, 10.X.1954,
prov.
Gelderland:
71.014', Vorden, 5.VII.1959,
1979, Bas 7593', Petten,
Uppland,
23.X. 1959,
Norra
brick
white-fibrillose
stipe
close
to
and somewhat
I.
pits,
Varleda,
Kits
28. VIII. 1969
Boxtel,
a
n
d,
25.VII. 1915
28.VIII.
1973,
Huijsman.
description Inocybe griseoscabrosa (Peck)
comes
with
June-Oct.
Worcester, Grimley
SWEDEN:
scarce.
thin-walled,
Europe, but often overlooked
Kleuver
Callantsoog,
apex,
hairs.
marshy places.
on
at
clavate,
Caulocystidia
caulocystidioid
13.X.1961,
Kerzen, Erliwald,
from North America
conspicuously
/am).
Paracystidia
in the Netherlands.
April,
ETHERLAND
WITZERLAND:
Judging
1903)
Rare
thick-walled, with
Noord-Brabant: Best, 1.VIII. 1962, Verschuren\
de Bergh',
prov.
1252\ Zundert, 18.VI.1955,flaj783 & 784 & 10. VII. 1956, Bar 1046', prov. Z e e 1
(topotypical
Note:
pm,
frequent.
frondose
oord-Hollan
N
Oostburg, 22.VII.1982,
—
7-10
Under
Overijssel,
prov.
rather
slightly
hardly crystalliferous
or
in Northwestern and Central
habitat.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Waveren',
—
Widespread
because of specialized
x
not
rather undifferentiated
DISTRIBUTION.
Salix and Alnus.
Reijnders\
pleurocystidia,
Basidia 23-31
with
thin-walled to
subcapitate,
thick, colourless wall,
/im
similar
apex
HABITAT &
3:
with
/an, utriform, often
colourless, frequent.
&
=
1.7-2.0, smooth, subamygdaliform, with subconical apex. Pleurocystidia (42—)43—66(—73)
usually less than 0.5
van
often hardly distinct
pruinose. Cortina present in
apex
Spores (7.5—)8.0— 11.5(—12.5)
=
Lamellae, L
becoming fistulose, pale yellowish brown,
exceptionally
pinkish
stipe
brown, but covered
yellowish
squarrose.
subflocculose, white. Stipe
to
drying faintly Pelargonium- like.
on
to
broad, subventricose, broadly adnate, brownish
solid,
not
apex
brown, in
without umbo,
velipellis, squarrulose
fimbriate
broadened towards
apex
finally applanate,
convex,
arachnoid
moderately crowded, 1-3
a
squarrosa Rea
1955.
with
x
Inocybe
squarrosa but
larger
spores
Earle
(in Torreya
differs in having
(10.0-13.0
x
5.5-6.5
K
47.
Inocybe griseolilacina
Inocybe personata
Inocybe pusio
SELECTED
1974.
f.
Inocybe
Lange
J.
Kuhner in
elegans
ICONES.
—
in
Pileus 8-37
mm,
to
convex
young, later straight,
Soc. Nat.
in
Lange,
Inocybe
r:
Dansk bot.
Reumaux
J.
p e
Y
dan.
agar.
pi.
29:
more
33.
33,
f.
3:
1.
1980.
21.
—
5.
1938.
R.
not
1955.
('1982')
1983.
Stangl
—
Phillips,
less applanate, with
or
sometimes subappendiculate,
101
Fig.
1917.
11 IF.
pi.
133
I
—
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
mycol. 12(48):
Docs
Fl.
Lange
2(7):
Ark.
Europe
in
J.
griseolilacina
Bull.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
u
or
in
Paddest.
margin
isabella-brown, sometimes mixed with violaceous tinges
or
when young (coarsely)
later breaking
fibrillose-subsquamulose,
or
narrowly adnate,
not,
tinges,
then
bulbous,
grey-brown;
wolid,
greyish
=
25-45,1
when
of
around
(less than 2
mm)
but
violaceous
[19
Q
when
1.6-1.8, smooth,
(49-)50-74(-77)
subcapitate,
wall, slightly
x
(11 —) 12—18(—19)
thick-walled, with
crystalliferous
infrequent. Paracystidia
Fig.
Fig.
to
up
at
not
greyish
Stipe
for
underlying
disc and
to
absent
or
mm,
violaceous
(sub)equal,
not
sometimes with
greyish-brownish,
at extreme
of
stipe
reddish
violaceous,
to
Pelargonium-like, especially
on
drying,
=
1.5-1.9,
subspermatic.
pm,
2.0
apex,
without
grey
1-6
x
context,
becoming
broad, ventricose
greater part, but
upper part
somewhat
pale
mm
or
downwards longitudinally fibrillose.
on average
pm
thick,
frequent.
9.1-10.0
with
utriform, fusiform
pm,
to
14-67
greyish yellow
subamygdaliform,
to
the
pruinose,
Context in
Smell
5.0-6.5
x
regular
2-3]
base
near
Taste
cut.
(8.0—)8.5—10.5(— 11.0)
=
B
hairy,
somewhat
violaceous just above lamellae.
distinctly spermatic
violaceous
young
Cortina present in young specimens.
more
1-3, moderately crowded, 1.5-5
fimbriate, whitish.
edge
violaceous tinges only in upper l/3rd,
apex
=
1.
1981.
margin greyish
near
recurvately squamulose-squarrulose, towards margin coarsely fibrillose; velipellis
inconspicuous. Lamellae, L
pi.
39:
151.
umbonate, brown
because
up
Pilzk.
somewhat inflexed when
indistinctly
greyish brown around centre, exceptionally dark brown, outwards paler,
buff
Z.
Schimm.:
to
x
5.4-6.2
subconical
sublageniform,
almost
colourless
Cheilocystidia
pm,
apex.
to
similar
Q
Pleurocystidia
often indistinctly
very
to
pale
yellow
pleurocystidia,
(slenderly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless, abundant. Basidia 26-33
101. Inocybe griseolilacina.
102. Inocybe huijsmanii.
—
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Kuyper 2464).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
huijsmanii).
134
P
8-10
x
R
S
HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION.
O
O
Caulocystidia
4-spored.
jim,
rather undifferentiated
some
E
I A—Suppl.
N
absent, stipe
caulocystidioid
Under
—
America,
in
rare
1900
&
Heeze,
B
—
1916
s:
12.X,1983, Kuyper
&
16.IX.1968, Benjaminsen;
E
22.VIII.1953,
L
G
I
U
M:
on
2464;
prov.
in
Europe,
(holotypc
of
Z
prov.
Winterswijk,
e
1
e
Utrecht, Harmelen,
1954, Bas 688;
a
4353,
f.
elegans,
d'Auffe,
ITALY: prov.
—
Planeyse,
11.IX.1965
25.VIII.1956,
Reumaux).
herb.
15.IX.1972, Huijsman.
1773.
—
H
Adige, Trento,
Alto
Poder.
S
—
species,
I.
15.X.1981, Kuyper
—
4399,
F
important differences
any
however,
huijsmanii,
ageing
of
amount
the
that I.
but
Pileus
conico-convexus
can
this
here
griseolilacina
was
a
between the
Lamellae
roseolo-lilacinus,
versus
the
genus
fibrillosus
x
12-18 pm,
lilacino
named
in
mm,
age
=
adnate, when
over
30-45
x
4470,
Reumaux
Westfalen, Heiligenkirchen,
x
non
5.0-6.0
conical when
or
as
Mr
for this
young,
around
25-35, 1
young with
1.5-2.5
a
mm,
the greater part, but
very
diminishes
generally
Fig.
gilvus,
in
ad
Stipes
Differt ab I.
cystidiorum
H.S.C.
marginem subalbidus,
haud
versus
Caro
squamuloso-
apicem
subtiliter
indistincte
lilacina.
conica.
leviter
griseolilacinapileo pallidiore
minus
crassis.
Huijsman (1900-1986),
then conico-convex
towards
—
whose
Holotypus:
extensive
C.
studies
margin
to
plano-convex,
prominently
almost whitish, with scattered
because of velipellis, radially satiny-fibrillose,
tinge,
somewhat swollen
near
on
102
centro,
apice.
obtain
to
monograph.
centre
faint lilac
pinkish-lilac
in
failed
laeves, subamygdaliformes, apice
remarkably smooth, at margin
1-3, moderately crowded, 2-3
=
vel
I
species.
another
to
stipe is intracellular,
(L).
pale cafe-au-lait,
especially
—
fimbriata.
pruinosus
pm,
atque panetibus
of the late
it
nov.
griseolilacina.
of both
Kiihner refers
check
to
alutaceus
of I.
protologues
minute squamulosus
vel
somewhat squamulose around centre, but
Lamellae, L
Stipe
honour
alutaceous
pinkish-lilac patches
with
Bois
dpt. Doubs,
c E:
N
(sub)fusiformia vel subutriformia, aliquot subcapitata,
France
valuable
proved extremely
Pileus 13-20
spec.
simillima. Caulocystidia absentia.
minus
stipite
umbonate, pale
A
7.IX.1956, Huijsman
synonym
although
huijsmanii Kuyp.,
1164, 2.X.1956, Lougres, Doubs,
Etymology:
variable,
Sporae (8.0-)8.5—10.5
crassiparietalia, cheilocystidia
on
very
albidus, fibrillosus,
basim
Pleurocystidia (42—)44— 66(—70)
Bas
be
isabellino-brunneaecum margine albida,
subspermaticus.
atque glabriore,
R
Vaumarcus, 7.IX.1960, Huijsman;
sensu
possible
not
plano-convexus, umbonatus,
vel
roseolo-lilacino tinctus,
squarrosus.
Odor
it
Inocybe
48.
subtiliter
1706.
Gocciadoro, 26.IX.1981, Kuyper 1854;
Parco
basidiocarps.
of the
&
1703
Alleux, 21.VIII.1979,
Les
material from Kuhner's herbarium. The violaceous pigment in the
and
1951;
, Huijsman.
possible,
e.g
2600.
WITZERLAND:
to
be
Huijsman;
Salgotarjan, Borosbereny, 13.IX.1981,
Com.
Inocybe personata Kiihner is regarded
might
Beek-Bergh,
13.X.1945,
1982, Kuyper 2254; Resteigne,
3.X.
GERMANY:
—
UNGARY:
failed
It
in North
Noord-Brabant,
prov.
Huijsman
Note:
see
with
Associated
occurring
d, Braakman, 26.VIII.1981, Kuyper
n
Fond
30.IX.1956, Huijsman 4550; Ardennes,
Parma, Bedonia, 13.IX.1984,
prov.
I
Huijsman
&
pusio
I.
11.IX.1972 &
Kuyper
1956,
1132
Bas
also
Gelderland:
prov.
Huijsman;
21.X.
Namur, Ave-et-Auffe,
prov.
14. VIII.
Lougres,
27.IX.1956,
2 mm)
somewhat calcareous soil.
Resteigne, 3.IX.1981, Vellinga 390; Nismes, 30.IX.1984, Kuyper
de
(less than
apex
Kuinderbos,4.X.1975,van derLaan; Voorsterbos, 8.X.1981, Kuyper
oord-Hollan d, Castricum,
N
trees
Widespread
NETHERLANDS:
—
Vorden,
Huijsman;
IJsselmeerpolder
prov.
extreme
the Netherlands. Aug.-Oct.
EXAMINED.
COLLECTIONS
25.VIII.1971,
at
1986
hairs.
frondose
with Fagus, Quercus, Castanea, and Corylus.
3,
Vol.
at
soon
base
apex,
mm
not
broad, subventricose,
rimulose.
narrowly
isabella-brown; edge fimbriate, whitish.
to
indistinctly subbulbous, solid, whitish
longitudinally white-fibrillose,
but
at extreme
K
hairy
indistinctly
apex
under
u
Y
P E
lens.
Inocybe
r:
in
Europe
in
pinkish-lilac
Context
135
I
of
apex
Smell
stipe.
faint,
subspermatic.
Spores
(8.0—)8.5—10.5
5.0-6.0
x
on
/am,
apical
9.1-10.1
average
with
1.7-1.8, smooth, subamygdaliform,
=
subconical
papilla. Pleurocystidia (42-)44-66(-70)
12-18
x
indistinctly sublageniform, slightly thick-walled, but
wall, crystalliferous
Paracystidia
at
clavate,
Caulocystidia
apex, abundant.
observed,
not
at
extreme
caulocystidioid hairs, descending
HABITAT
France
& DISTRIBUTION.
Germany,
and
but confused with
COLLECTIONS
huijsmanii, L);
I.
EXAMINED.
same
Notes:
I.
134,
P-
(in
I.
Nat.
for 1.
obscura
Inocybe
obscuroides f.
var.
obscuroides
m
ycol.
var.
15:
ICONES.
pi.
purpurea).
Pileus
glaber,
736.
—
margine fimbriata,
-0-6.0(-6.5)
Mm,
Inocybe
—
15:
pi.
sensu
—
736.
(as
usque
non
pm,
9
well
obscura
Docs
I.
the
259.
M.,
to assess
of
5913.
much
a
but
too,
its
nov.
—
being.
this
mentioned
spec.
&
having
stipe, and cystidia
time
to
showed
stipe
with
this
relationship
As
species,
noted
smooth and
a
on
Kiihner
as
rather
distinct violaceous
more
103
Fig.
1931.
mycol. 14(53):
Konr.
sensu
in
Lange
the
refer
1955)
the
Inocybe:
Genre
Bon in
Ic.
19.
sel.
1984.
Fung.
pi. 97,
1:
f.
1929;
2.
sensu
1930.
obscura).
applanatus,
vel
Fung.
Ic. sel.
—
R.
29:
Lamellae
Stipes aequalis,
fibrillis
sine
glaber,
1:
151.
pi. 97, f.
1980.
2.
1929
31.
(as
1980
I.
in
I.
obscura).
rufo-brunneus,
f.
apice pallide
—
Bres., Iconogr.
(as
1931
flavae.
in
lilacinus
Paracystidia
apice, pieurocystidia simillima.
—
vix
centro,
versus
vel
obscura
marginem
radialiter
pallide violaceotinctae,
amethystinus,
pruinoso.
in
parte inferiore
Sporae 8.0-1 t.0(-l 1.5)
x
F.
Tjallingii
& G.
1984, Roggebotzand, Oost-Flevoland, IJsselmeerpolders, Netherlands (L).
to the
colour of the
Mipe.
x
14-19(-21)
clavata, tenuiparietalia, incolorata.
Holotypus:
Etymology: amethystinus, amethyst-coloured, referring
I.
marginem rufo-violaceotinctus,
versus
initio pallide isabellinae, interdum
brunneis, apice
3.
obscuroides).
appresso-squamosus
ab
(as
Heim, Genre Inocybe: pi. 21,
pi.
obscure
minute
(sub)lageniformia, crassiparietalia,
in
(holotype
1164
laeves, subamygdaliformes, apice conica. Pieurocystidia (58—)59-86(—88)
locystidia presentia
'•VII.
92.
(Suppl.):
Heim,
M.,
rimuloso.
albida.
Bas
differences between both taxa,
for
species
might
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol. 29:
Konr. &
1930
■sabellino-ochraceus,
from
widespread
more
somewhat different
morphological
Kiihner
heterospora M.
lanato-squamulosus
fibrillosus, margine
5
the
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
convexus
turn
be
to
seems
J.
tinges in
lilac
amethystina Kuyp.,
R.
purpurea
Pres., Iconogr. mycol.
SELECTED
smell
sensu
Inocybe
Inocybe
NAMES.
2.X.1956,
griseolilacina
I.
independent
an
Oyonnax
49.
MISAPPLIED
loam. Known
Westfalen, Hoxter, Neuenheerse, 12.IX.1972, Bas
griseolilacina. However,
tinges.
Inocybe
as
griseolilacina
Bull. Soc.
Its
considering
huijsmanii
pale pileus
rather acid
on
be very reliable. More material is needed
not
with I. griseolilacina;
regard
avellana
Doubs, Lougres,
distinct
less
paler pileus,
character may
1
dpt.
GERMANY:
—
somewhat thinner wall.
a
differentiated
17.IX.I955, 19.IX.1955,4.X.1955, 13.X.1955, 12.V111.1956, 21.VIII.1956
Inocybe huijsmanii differs from
smoother and
frequent.
4-spored.
/im,
slightly
some
known from the Netherlands. Probably
FRANCE:
—
locality,
25.VIII.1956, Huijsman.
&
7-9
griseolilacina. Aug.-Oct.
I.
.
with
stipe
x
few
colourless
pm,
l/10th.
Corylus
Under
—
to now not
up
of
apex
indistinct
an
utriform,
to
less than 1.0
generally
frequent. Basidia 22-30
less than
to
(sub)fusiform
1.6-1.9, Q
=
with
similar to pleurocystidia, rather
Cheilocystidia
thin-walled, colourless,
Q
/am,
minority
a
/xm,
with
5.2-5.8
x
apex,
Cau-
Tjallingii-Beukers,
136
Fig.
P
103.
Figs.
thystina;
Inocybe amethystina.
e
—
r
from neotype
of I.
on
i A—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
1986
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
104-106. Inocybe phaeocomis.
105.
so
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (104.
phaeocomis;
106.
from holotype
of I.
from
of I.
amethystina).
holotype
conformata).
of I. squarrosoame-
.
K
Pileus
12-40
mm,
inflexed margin,
YR
3/3_4]
towards
;
almost smooth,
not
broad,
mm
young pale
Stipe
18-46
with
lilac
lilac
tinges,
smooth
tinges
at
equal, solid,
the
over
Smell
spermatic
when cut,
Q
near
over
of
apex
papillate
lilac
(less
than in I.
drying
somewhat acidulous,
5.0-6.0(-6.5)
x
with
thick-walled,
up
phaeocomis, crystalliferous
brownish
slightly
in
present
apical
part,
cauloparacystidia,
but
descending
with
margin
at
then
greyish
pale
isabella
brownish.
sometimes
without
downwards almost
l/10th),
Cortina present in
of
when
narrowly adnate,
to
amethyst-coloured,
apex
stipe,
young
downwards whitish.
of
faintly reminding
but rather
Pelargonium.
in Europa,
rare
COLLECTIONS
9.V11.
—
14—19(—21)
x
Basidia 25-32
sometimes
Porquerolles,
Somme,
and the dune
5.V11.
-
Notes:
a
1.
Inocybe
and colourless
This
TTimbach
—
variant of
stipe.
a
mixed with
narrow
zone
somewhat calcareous
Tjallingii-Beukers
&
Heemstede,
,
7.V11.1951,
.
~
—,
of
I.
obscuroides
&
of
I.
Noord-
Laan;.
der
van
France:
prov.
lie
de
4.X.1955, Huijsman; dpt.
heterospora,
f.
(holotype
prov.
2310.
22.1X.1955
r
-—,
herb.
Bon).
SWITZERLAND: Schiipfheim, Heilig Kreuz,
I.
amethystina Kuyp.
in
differs
1 .X.
.vicinity
1968, Huijsman;
-
a
from I. phaeocomis
pileus with reddish brown tinges,
having
a
that
are
more
a
smoother
v
in
(Pers.) Kuyp.
stipe
without brown
distinctly (sub)lageniform. Inocybe pusio
distinctly pruinose stipe apex,
a
rimulose
pileal margin
pleurocystidia.
has
of the
been
latter
phaeocomis.
called
I.
obscuroides
species (in K)
second
species
besides
I.
P.D.
revealed
However, Orton (in
tvas correct when he asserted that I. obscura
nd
only
Tjallingii-Beukers\
2103; dpt. Doubs, Lougres,
pleurocystidia
species
type-collection
a
on
,
and
that
trees
Huijsman; Bole-Boudry,
, 30.V111.1966,~,,
Huijsman; Ducommun,
P- Karst.
differs
nd
Caulocystidia
cheilocystidia,
17.1X.1984, Krieglsteiner.
smoother
a
bright
pleurocystidia,
4-spored.
/am,
to
1972, Huijsman, 23.X.1982, Kuyper
—, r
I.XI.
Bon
Willisau,
minority
less
May-Oct.
area.
Tjallingii
1984,
(holotype
XI. 1975,
Quend-les-Pins,
,
Norway: ostfold, Onsoy, 21.X.1984, Weholt.
24. VIII.
1955,
a
NETHERLA. NDS:lJsselmeerpolders: Jagersveld,
Haamstede,
1980,
1.5-2.0,
America, known in the Netherlands from
also in North
IJsselmeerpolders
EXAMINED.
XI.
similar to
=
indistinctly
Pinus, Betula, Quercus, and Tilia. Widespread
with Picea,
...
d,
n
somewhat
and then
lacking
111.1985
a
with
hairs present.
15.V. 1983,
11.V1.1983
&3. V
amethystina,
L),
Holland: Velzen, 2.X.1938, Huijsman 489;
having
8-10
x
similar
stipe,
Under coniferous and frondose
1982, Kuyper 2034; Roggebotzand,
2eel
Q
/urn,
(sub)lageniform,
/am,
yellow wall, but
frequent. Cheilocystidia
l/10th of
to
probably
5.0-6.0
x
exceptionally
(slenderly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless, exceptionally
to
caulocystidioid
sand. Associated
several localities in the
apex,
average 8.6-10.8
conical apex,
thick,
/am
caulocystidia
true
& DISTRIBUTION.
soil, preferably
at
wall, frequent.
of somewhat differentiated
HABITAT
on
/urn,
2.0
to
frequent. Paracystidia pyriform
with
2.
diverging,
tinge,
than
reddish violaceous in
on
or
young
1-3, moderately crowded,
=
brown-squamulose.
not
when
around disc,
downwards isabella-ochraceous,
zone
pileus,
Pleurocystidia (58—)59—86(—88)
apex.
cylindrical,
°f
hardly
or
30-35,1
violaceous
pale
length,
narrow
a
1.6-1.9, smooth, subamygdaliform,
=
not
not
=
slightly
subspermatic.
Spores 8.0-11.0(-11.5)
__
in
tinges,
minutely appressedly scaly
pale
a
with
young
reddish-violaceous
to
but fibrils
with
greater part
pruinose
specimens. Context whitish
Taste
when
umbo, dark reddish brown [5
broad
5/3]; edge fimbriate, whitish, exceptionally
Y 6/3-10 YR
mm,
apex
137
I
applanate,
low
indistinct. Lamellae, L
or
longitudinally white-fibrillose,
to
with
outwards fibrillose,
sometimes mixed
[2.5
2.5-5
x
alftiost
to
or
Europe
in
indistinctly ventricose, moderately broadly
or
isabella,
brown
greyish
to
Inocybe
r:
sometimes mixed with
margin
scaly,
not
E
without
straight,
rimulose; velipellis absent
2-4
P
becoming woolly-squamulose
then
recurvately
never
Y
plano-convex
convex,
soon
u
Trans.
sensu
phaeocomis
Orton,
that
Br.
a
of
study
is
with
was
a
a
more
*
the
only
mycol. Soc. 43: 276.
Konr. & M.
exists
but
obscuroides
I.
a
1960)
misapplication,
smooth
pileus
138
P
obscura
Inocybe
3.
refers
I.
to
E
r
so
described
as
Stuntz
amethystina.
l a—Suppl.
on
Stuntz
by
(in
referred
too
3,
Vol.
1986
39:
Mycologia
the
to
40.
1947) probably
I.
similarity with
obscura
var.
Heim.
purpurea R.
50.
Agaricus phaeocomis Pers., Mycol.
Agaricus alienellus Britz.,
5: 764.
(Pers.) Kuyp., comb.
Inocybe phaeocomis
3:
eur.
Dermini
192.
(basionym).
1828
Siidbayern:
4.
nov.
1882.
Inocybe
—
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
alienella
1887.
Inocybe conformata
P. Karst.
Inocybe picetorum Velen.,
in
Bidr. Kanned.
Flouby:
Ceske
Inocybe squarrosoamethystina Sing,
in
Finl.
382.
Nat.
Folk 48: 465.
1889.
1920.
Notul. syst. Sect, cryptog. Inst.
bot. Acad. Sci.
URSS
4(10-12):
17. 1938.
Inocybe cincinnatula
Inocybe
Kuhner
in
Bull. Soc. Nat.
obscuroides P.D. Orton
EXCLUDED.
Inocybe
—
obscuroides
1.
Habit
slender,
IS
THE
276.
(erroneously
4. 1955
29:
151.
10-20
stipe
mm,
19-49
1-3
x
5-20(-25), pileus
=
15-50
mm,
apical papilla
with
species;
up
to
now
these
valuated
be
however,
two
stipe
25-69
could best
taxa
intermediates
true
no
x
be
2.5-9
Spores
mm.
regarded
have
to
seem
the
formae,
as
I.
furfurea).
amethystina).
without
phaeocomis,
correct
been
name
major,
apical
p.
var.
138
partly
p.
varieties of
as
found.
for
least
at
var.
opinion
In my
Note:
taxa,
IS
I.
Spores
mm.
var.
Habit robust,
(=
1980
papilla
1.
as
1960.
VARIETIES OF I. PHAEOCOMIS
(15-)20-40, pileus
=
Soc. 43:
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
sensu
KEY TO
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
mycol.
in Trans. Br.
140
one
Should these
becomes
major
f. obscuroides under the present rules (Art. 26.2 & 57.3).
These
major
two
varieties
usually
phaeocomis.
in
This
Pers.
SELECTED
ICONES.
Iconogr. mycol.
1938
(as
I.
—
—
when
Konr.
mm,
732,
around
=
=
1930
sensu
(as
then
I.
convex
straight,
underlying
margin
more
P.
requirements,
ecological
of
the
vegetation
than
var.
var.
maintain their relative autonomy.
—
Karst.
Figs.
104-106
Inocybe picetorum
—
Velen.
—
Inocybe
Kuhner.
auct.
Fung.
sel.
1:
pi. 97,
cincinnata).
to
29:
pi. 32,
—
f.
f.
1.
J.
Lange,
somewhat
paler
to
fibrillose-squamulose;
mm
(as
I.
cincinnata).
I.
Fl.
agar.
dan.
3:
—
pi.
in
outer
Bres.,
111H.
cincinnata).
sometimes applanate, with
appendiculate,
context, squamulose
1-3, moderately crowded, 1.5-4
(as
1929
1. 1980
plano-convex,
sometimes
brown around centre,
disc, towards
20-35, 1
2.
conico-convex,
with violaceous tinges of
L
f.
Ic.
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
young,
umbonate, (dark)
M.,
to
phaeocomis
var.
cincinnatula
cincinnata
&
their
stages
might help
Inocybe conformata
Inocybe
Inocybe
pi.
15:
cincinnata).
Pileus 10-20
inflexed
difference
—
—
in
slightly
successional
phaeocomis
I.
Agaricus phaeocomis
squarrosoamethystina Sing.
MISAPPLIED NAME.
earlier
ecological
50.1.
differ
to
seem
coming
not
or
half,
only
near
margin
indistinctly
margin
mixed
recurvately squarrulose, especially
no
velipellis
broad, ventricose
observed.
or
Lamellae,
not, rather broadly
K
U Y
P E
narrowly adnate, sometimes almost
to
brown,
when
brown,
with
young
but sometimes (almost)
violaceous tinges extending
downwards
subhairy,
to
squamules, often
greyish
violaceous in
indistinct, faintly
Spores
Q
1.5-1.8, smooth,
=
not
finally
or
similar to
Basidia 25-31
(less than 2
zone
wall.
7-10
x
and then
mm)
l/3rd with
above lamellae,
just
8.0-9.6
average
with
10-20
x
/am,
thick-walled,
but
and Salix
also
retusa
Netherlands.
in
_
v
EXAMINED.
_
,
to
whitish. Smell
becoming
5.1-5.6
x
Q
/am,
subconical,
2.0(-3.0)
to
up
at
apex,
1.4—
=
1.8(— 1.9),
without
apex,
(slenderly) cylindrical
with
absent
Caulocystidia
cheilocystidia,
to
29.V11.1952
.
—,
r
-
,
J_4.IX.1980, Kuyper
1900
alt.
28.VII.R98I,
(Pinus,
under
Picea)
apical
(sub)fusiform,
to
thick,
/urn
pale
to
frequent. Cheilocystidia
at
present
or
forming
soon
frondose
in
and
trees
a
extreme
apex
only
intermediate
narrow
in
&
—
1952,
2.VIII.
__
.
,
Totenmuseum,
Tirol, Pertisau,
AUSTRIA:
2171.
Namur,
prov.
australis,
1967;,
Bas
,
7.IX.1982, Kuyper
—
Han,
Tammela,
Hermitage,
18.IX.1980, '
24.IX.
26.IX.
,
Moser
Lake
Vyrnwy,
Agaricus phaeocomis,
Notes:
1.
The
discussed
Most
on
prov.
8.VIII.1889,
of I.
Piider
&
_
IX.
neotype,
1960,,
S
1824.
_—
—
SOVIET
—
,
JIB).
van
mihi
Waveren.
—
nomenclatural aspects
of the
L
prov.
Bunde,
g,
Bas
Kuyper
2528.
—
of
ITALY:
—
I.
Straloch,
23.IX.
1983, Kuyper
Leningrad,
SWEDEN:
W
Hortus
Smaland, Femsjd,
22.IX.I953,
Schiipfheim,
—
prov.
Oppland, Stenberg,
UNION:
Huijsman.
2267.
(holotype
2500
PROVENANCE UNKNOWN;
(herb. Persoon,
r
25.VIII.1957, Huijsman.
&
SWITZERLAND:
—
Tramelan, 23.VIII. 1959,
u
Limburg, Kanne, Overstbos,
Karslen
COTLAND:CO. Perthshire:
2443.
b
m
Norway:
squarrosoamethystina, LE).
Kits
design,
collections of this
are
Kuyper
.
i
A
L
E
s:
co.
authentic
Mont-
material
910.261-130)
cincinnatus
Agaricus
name
Fr.:
Fr.
p. 223.
brown-incrusted
paracystidia
—
1981,
1983, Kuyper
30.VII1.I955, Huijsman;
&
Neerijnen,
Huijsman',
Tinemont, 5.X.1982,
Grande
27.
6.IX.1982, Kuyper 2186;
Dristenautal,
BELGIUM:
Mustiala,
L
prov.
4.IX.1956
dpt. Doubs, Lougres, 17.IX.1955,
FRANCE:
X.1935, Singer (holotype
,
the
...,
,
_..
.
19.VII.1960,
,
13.IX.1984, Vellinga 634.
The
gomeryshire,
mugo
in
Denekamp,
,
6.X.1943,
,
__
Ginneken,
,
—
v
.
Adige, Trento,, Sopramonte,
28.VIII.1955
Pinus
common
1962, Koopmans 469; Beek-Bergh,
,
Doetinchem,
Huijsman',
,
._
28.IX.
,
"GERMANY: Oldenburg, Zetel, Neuenburger Urwald, 24.X.1961,
Lojenas,
not
Noord-Holland, Schoorl, 7.XI.1981, Kuyper 2023;
prov.
r
1647;
Tavastia
conformata, H).
Botanicus,
with
zone
Europe,
Overijssel,
prov.
Apeldoorn,
r
1451.
m,
Kuyper
FINLAND:
2318; Inver,
( Fagus, Quercus, Carpinus,
alpine
the
Widespread
NETHERLANDS:
—
Gelderland:
prov.
1980, Kuyper 1533',
Rosskogel,
Predominantly
r
_
2.
rather dark brown
Context violaceous
collections thin-walled and colourless, abundant.
some
somewhat calcareous soil.
_
Noord-Brabant,
.
are
apex almost smooth
June-Nov.
COLLECTIONS
J4.VI.1952,
—
under conifers
on
VIII.1941, Huijsman;
of
clavate,
somewhat
frequent. Paracystidia pyriform, often somewhat thick-
rather
but
similar
HABITAT&DISTRIBUTION.
Alto
at
irregular,
specimens.
young
to
in upper part, sometimes
of rather undifferentiatedcaulocystidioid hairs, sometimes with slightly thickened, brown
Corylus),
14.X.
and
on
pm,
4-spored.
/am,
in lower
isabella-
or
subflocculose, often
to
equal
mm,
yellow wall, crystalliferous
pleurocystidia,
walled and brown-incrusted
1-3
x
subamygdaliform,
to
lageniform,
to
19-49
greyish brown
to
fimbriate
somewhat acidulous. Taste indistinct.
or
greenish
even
Stipe
stipe
(52—)55—82(—86)
hardly tending
or
bright yellow
part of)
regular
papilla. Pleurocystidia
yellow
tinges; edge
Cortina present in
4.5-6.0
x
greyish
139
I
pale greyish violaceous, especially
smooth but
so.
earth-like
Europe
in
base, mostly greyish buff in lower part,
to
(upper
(7.0-)7.5-10.0
whitish.
to
soon
distinctly
free,
violaceous
vague
bulbous, solid, violaceous
not
Inocybe
r:
walls,
met.
minor importance
but
taxon
Intermediates
that does
possess
occasionally
not
do
justify
also
the
taxon. Parallel variation in this character
paracystidia
collections
occur.
with somewhat
with
I
regard
recognition of
can
thin-walled,
this
var.
colourless
character
these variants
be observed in
thickened,
major.
as
a
as
of
formal
140
P
50.2. I.
Inocybe
phaeocomis
obscura
Agaricus
Britz.
Inocybe
obscura
Inocybe
obscuroides
ICONES.
SELECTED
Z.
Pilzk.
Pileus
brown
=
half
25-40,
ventricose
but
J.
1974
mm,
1
=
to
up
I.
Fl.
and
than
—
violaceous tinges
soon
in
var.
with
Figs.
107-108. Inocybe
holotype
of I.
3:
pi.
with
to
to
A,
28.
—
Figs.
107-108
(basionym).
1984.
1979.
Al.
not
violaceous
1938
mycol.
applanate,
young
to
rather
—
(as
pi.
30.
somewhat
—
(as
1980
I.
because
of
Stangl
in
obscura).
inflexed when
indistinctly umbonate,
underlying
isabellacontext,
coarsely tomentose-squamulose,
darkening
velipellis
narrowly adnate,
via
obscura).
I.
greyish
scales around centre,
observed.
moderately crowded,
and then
major.
no
29:
margin
or
tinge
subscaly;
thickish,
broadly
var.
8: 84.
recurvate, somewhat
disappearing,
phaeocomis
Ill
Alessio, Iconogr.
appressedly
rather
obscuroides).
1911
nov.
auct.
dan.
finally moderately dark brown, without olivaceous
108. from
comb.
329.
Sydowia
phaeocomis, when
erect
to
1986
14(54-55):
mycol.
Beih.
subappendiculate,
1-3, sometimes slightly
subventricose,
3,
Vol.
Agaricaceer:
Docs
sensu
sometimes
then
a—Suppl.
plano-convex
sometimes
subsquamulose
in
agar.
obscura).
convex,
paler
i
Danske
M. Bon
obscura
Lange,
(as
on
obscuroides P.D. Orton.
Reumaux
marginata
Inocybe
—
straight,
breaking
outer
var.
—
somewhat
Inocybe
—
(dark) brown,
to
generally
soon
1.
15-50
then
young,
in
pi.
39:
so
major (S. Petersen) Kuyp.,
var.
transiens
var.
MISAPPLIED NAME.
r
major S. Petersen,
var.
alienellus
E
at
isabella
2-7
first
to
(107.
broad,
not
pale violaceous,
greyish-brownish
tinges; edge subflocculose,
Spores, pleurocystidia
Lamellae, L
mm
from
dark brown,
Kuyper 1890;
K
but sometimes pale brown
descending
in
lower
apical
almost
young
lamellae,
brown
x
hardly tending
or
pleurocystidia,
to
somewhat
walled.
acidulous. Taste
Basidia
wall,
crystalliferous
frequent.
brown-incrusted
HABITAT
and
25-34
7-10
x
to
soil.
in
Appearing
also
in North
occurring
elsewhere.
COLLECTIONS
"
1436 & I.VIII.
1981,
Kuyper
'
Kuyper 1928; prov.
Bas
7872 ;
Z
Z
prov.
e
10.1X.1963,
Bois
i
e
1
de
a
n
d,
1
a
Veere,
n
Resteigne,.
11.1X.1975,.1975,
,
Van
—
Lougres,
Doubs,
Huijsman; dpt.
Bois
Bouillancourt
Gerolstein,
'
in
of the
obscurus
regarded
The
taxon
nothing
a
epical papilla.
However,
has
der
of I.
the
is
b
of"
I.
u
on
to
be
*
■
var.
Europe,
rare
Oldenzaal, 30.X.1948,
_
Kuinder-
11.1X.1980,
, Kuyper
21.X1.
1981,
Noord-Brabant,
prov.
E N G
20.1 X.1963,.1963,
L
A N
D:
—F
co.
R
A
Huijsman\ Martignat,
of I. obscura
r
of
-
I.
var.
N:
N
2265
Verschuren.
prov.
c
E:
Namur,
Malham,
Fontainebleau,
2.1
X.1957,.1957, Huijsman;
var.
...
15.1X.1972,.1972,
&
;
Yorkshire,
transiens,,
obscuroides
13.1X.1972
1495. —SwE D E
in
than
in
IJsselmeerpolders,
Noordervaart,
g,
—
,
...
herb.
Reumaux);
marginata,
herb.
Huijsman;
Eifel,
Smaland, Femsjo, Lojenas, 18.1X.1980,
Dames d'Oth, F1X.1966, Huijsman.
protologue
left
of
calcareous
succession
1942, Huijsman; Leiden,
21.1 X.
(holotype
x
far been known
-
apex
intermediate
somewhat
Bremerberg,
,
obscuroides,.K).
Heiligenkirchen,
.
extreme
Widespread
in the
2471 ;
Laan\
r
(holotype
.
as
I. obscura
(Syn.
meth.
tinges in
Persoon's
the
(Pers. —»)
stipe.
herbarium,
However,
1801) that
is
authentic material
No
so
Gillet.
347.
Fung.:
that
the
name
must
dubium.
obscuroides (at
without
K)
possesses
characters
major,
and
not
all
a
rather
lageniform tendency,
slightly aberrant because
above
var.
at
narrow
1080, 15.X1.1959, Jansen, 23.X1.1960, Jansen
Bas
17.1X.1955,.1955,
Reumaux
with
thin-
1982, Kuyper 2038; Roggebotzand,9.X.1981,
der
Laan.
—
of violaceous
presence
nomen
It
so
Persoon's
pleurocystidia
Phaeocomis
m
X 1.1961,.1961, Bon
Westfalen,
seems
holotype
cylindrical
i
SWITZERLAND: Foret
1. This
suggestive
9.V11.
van
(holotype
Felsenhof, 26.1 X.1980, Kuyper
80.323 (IB).
of A.
Sery,
en
GERMANY:
is
trees
..
dpt. Somme,
,
Notes:
a
Overijssel:
prov.
...
Sabotterie, X. 1982,
de la
L
prov.
Orion
there
or
common
's-Gravenhage,
Plaals, 4.1X.1956,
13953 ;
not
similar
finally
pyriform,
to
10672;,IJsselmeerpolders:
31.X. 1976,
,
karnhouse Plantation, 31. VII1.1958,
Moser
absent
vegetation
,
J3.X.1937,
Bon).
clavate
Luxembourg, Daverdisse, Barbouillon, 4.X.1982,. Kuyper
_
Ardennes,
of
phases
13.X.1983, Kuyper
d:
1.5-1.9,
=
Pleurocystidia
hairs with brown-incrusted walls.
Jagersveld,
1659 ;
I
Ho
-
Geesteranus
prov.
_
d
Jansen-Van der
Maas
Belgium:
u
.
Porst, 23.V111.1954,
Kesteigne,
soon
Q
pm,
slenderly fusiform,
forming
Caulocystidia
earlier
Geesteranus
above
just
subspermatic
almost colourless and
exceptionally
cheilocystidia,
NETHERLANDS:
11.1X.1955,.1955, Maas
and
Cheilocystidia
broadly
Tilia, Picea, and Pseudotsuga.
bos, 6.X.1981, Kuyper 1890; Schokkerbos,
1435 &
frequent.
apex,
America, in the Netherlands
EXAMINED.
.
,
rather
to
thick, bright yellow, often
/am
July-Nov.
Huijsman; Rijssen,
apex,
narrow
Cortina present
papilla.
sometimes
3.0
to
up
5.2-5.8
x
apical
Under frondose and coniferous
& DISTRIBUTION:
nutrient-rich
with
Paracystidia
4-spored.
pm,
than 2 mm), similar
phaeocomis. Associated with
Populus,
he
with
wall, but
a
indistinct
age.
whitish. Smell
to
8.6-10.1
often
at
on
in
hairy
tinges
at
even
(upper part of) stipe
(slenderly) cylindrical,
pm,
subclavate,
bitterish.
average
of somewhat differentiated
caulocystidioid
zone
&
slightly
on
pm,
to
tinges
half with
disappearing
pallescent
age,
subamygdaliform,
moderately
thickened,
stipe only (less
5.0-6.0
x
violaceous
in lower
violaceous in
equal
mm,
buff, slightly
creamy
sometimes
on
2.5-9
x
part, sometimes violaceous
upper
truly pruinose,
not
141
I
Europe
without
often
lageniform, thick-walled,
greenish yellow
even
or
in
in
grey
base
conspicuously
10—17(—18)
to
at
squamules,
or
smooth,
(59—)60—89(—101)
buff,
tinges disappearing
8.0—10.5(—11.0)
1.6-1.8,
=
Inocybe
r:
E
stipe, exceptionally
mm),
Context
specimens.
but violaceous
Spores
Q
of
fibrils
somewhat earth-like
to
__
than 2
(less
zone
P
violaceous
to
half often brownish
conspicuous
in
base
to
Y
(almost) whitish. Stipe 25-69
to
bulbous, solid, violaceous
not
U
suggest
of its
that
I.
with I. amethystina.
scaly
and
pileus, (slenderly)
spores
that
have
an
(almost) colourless paracystidia.
obscuroides
is
identical
with
142
a—Suppl.
Persooni
2.
variants without violaceous
Exceptionally
to
have been
might
weathered away. No
taxonomic
be
can
encountered,
and the violaceous
importance
SELECTED
Pileus
ICON.
15-30
Stangl
—
&
Stangl
& Glowinski
not
with
margin.
at
narrowly adnate
then
or
could be
given
indistinct
Smell
more
pallescent
greyish
of
patches
21: 27.
free, when young pale
fimbriate, whitish.
4
to
20-30
Stipe
distinctly umbonate, margin
whitish in
not
_Spores 8.0—10.5(—11.0)
in
apical
around
2-5
when
(descending
part
fibrillose. Cortina present
violaceous blue in
pileus,
young
to
in
marginal
often
translucently
not
then
or
slightly
rather
buff
greyish
to
attenuated
pale bluish-violaceous,
about l/8th),
below
specimens,
young
margin
at
ventricose,
not
equal
mm,
fibrillose,
centre,
broad,
mm
in
dirty ochraceous,
to
bluish-violaceous,
x
1981
sepiaceous brown,
drying
on
velipellis
almost
Taste
spermatic.
less
or
somewhat broadened-subbulbousat base,
Context
pearing.
in Karstenia
1981.
when moist dark
moderately crowded,
indistinctly radially
to
28.
109
Fig.
—
tinges, tomentose, outwards only indistinctly
becoming brown, pruinose
smooth
21:
Lamellae
to
pale brown; edge
towards base,
straight,
tinges, hygrophanous,
ferrugineous
rimulose,
striate
& Glowinski
conical, than conico-convex,
mm,
with violaceous
mixed with
Stangl
in
in Karstenia
somewhat inflexed when young, then
part
Glowinski & Stangl
Inocybe hygrophana
Inocybe hygrophana Glowinski
stipe, especially
soon
almost
disap-
in upper l/3rd part.
known.
5.0-6.0
x
pm,
on
average 8.6-9.7
x
5.1-5.6
pm,
Q
=
1.6-2.0(-2.1),
1.7-1.8, smooth, subamygdaliform, with (sub)conical apex. Pleurocystidia (53—)55—74(—86)
Q
=
x
14—20(—22)
apex,
slenderly fusiform, slenderly
pm,
walled, with up
2.0
to
thick,
pm
almost
similar
Cheilocystidia
frequent.
utriform
colourless
to
pleurocystidia,
to
sublageniform-cylindrical,
pale
to
apical
1/6th part
slightly irregular,
HABITAT
COLLECTIONS
hygrophana, M),
Notes:
1.
So
infrequent.
For
material
GERMANY:
the
might
time
well
ionochlora
trees
on
marshy
type-locality
Liibeck,
description
ionochlora Romagn.
in
being
being both
27.
(see
far less
indicate
4-spored. Caulocystidia
similar
to
cheilocystidia
soil. Associated with Betula,
in Germany. June-Aug.
Muggenbusch,
16.V1II.1980
(holotype
of
I.
p.
of
this
173)
seems
hygrophanous
taxa
in
are
Sydowia
has
been
copied
from
8: 352.
are
1979.
to
come
very
close,
but differs
and in lamellae without violaceous
accepted
that they merely
Beih.
species
1981).
as
—
but
different
infraspecific
Inocybe ionochlora Romagn.
Romagn.
at
pyriform
23.VIII.1981, Glowinski.
(in Karstenia 21:
52.
Inocybe
Under frondose
macroscopical
& Glowinski
2. Inocybe
—
pm,
(almost) absent,
Paracystidia
cauloparacystidia.
far known only from the
30.VI.1981 &
The
but sometimes
mixed with scattered
EXAMINED.
from I. hygrophana
tinges.
stipe,
& DISTRIBUTION.
Alnus,, and Salix.
Stangl
of
thick-
yellow wall, crystalliferous
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, abundant. Basidia 29-35 x 8-10
present in
or
stipe
aged specimens,
this character.
51.
to
1986
in the
tinges
consisted of several
e.g. Bas 7872. This collection
tinges
3,
Vol.
Fig.
110
taxa
of
one
more
species.
K
Pileus 9-12
because of
p
with
plano-convex,
mm,
E
r:
outer
part
(resembling
Entoloma
to
distant,
narrowly adnate, pale buff,
1.5-2
rather
mm,
elsewhere
dinally
more
reddish-brownish, only
at
abundant.
HABITAT
far
only
14—
Fig.
EXAMINED.
(holotype
not
Inocybe
somewhat
/xm,
slenderly fusiform
—
—
2.5(-3.0)
paracystidia
to
/xm
not
on
average
with
in
stipe
9.3
x
conical apex.
longitu-
apex,
hy-
5.3
studied.
wall,
/im,
Q
=
Pleurocystidia
slenderly utriform,
thick, yellow
On marshy soil, associated with
in France.
FRANCE:
of I.
ionochlora.
and
to
indistinctly
violaceous
12-30
at apex,
Smell iodium-like.
drying.
/xm,
drying,
edge. Stipe
violaceous
greyish
downwards
pruinose,
on
Lamellae somewhat
a
few
tending
crystalliferous
Basidia 25-32
x
8-10
/xm,
studied.
locality
109. Inocybe hygrophana.
110.
apex
Context
(4.5-)5.0-5.5(-6.0)
x
16(—17)
& DISTRIBUTION.
57.86
on
Cheilocystidia
from the type
COLLECTION
Romagnesi
Fig.
whitish
thick-walled, with up
4-spored. Stipe covering
so
at
observed.
somewhat
solid,
and olivaceous-
pallescent
then brown, with concolorous
1.8, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
=
(12—)
x
sublageniform,
apex,
to
not
(8.5-)9.0-J0.0(-11.0)
(1-6—) 1.7—1.9(—2.0), Q
(58—)61 —70(—74)
centre
somewhat
pleopodium),
somewhat broadened towards base,
grophanous, pallescent
to
143
I
sericeous-fibrillose, around disc minutely squamulose.
fibrillose. Cortina
Spores
Europe
in
low, broad, obtuse umbo, seemingly hygrophanous
a
almost smooth
x
Inocybe
thin context, when moist olivaceous red-brown around
very
ochraceous in
U Y
ionochlora,
i,
—
—
Oise,
herb.
Corylus
and Alnus.
Known
Aug.
Grand
Etang
de
Neiville-en-Hez,
La
22.VIII.
Romagnesi).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
of I.
hygrophana).
ionochlora).
1957,
144
P
Note: The
macroscopical
8: 352.
Sydowia
E
R
so
o
N
i
description
a—Suppl.
has
Inocybe cryptocystis
MISAPPLIED NAME.
233.
SELECTED
mycol.
Pileus
56.
R.
—
(as
1980
indexed when
mm,
margin
at
Heim,
I.
in
Stuntz
base
or
escent.
when
edge
to
small
pale
1954.
1980.
/urn,
1.0—1.5
/im
infrequent
to
18, f.
1-2.
1931
convex to
ochraceous
around
fibrillose,
on
age,
pileus
and
on
pm,
to
almost
confusa).
apical
few
part
(to
to
in
as
pruinose
stipe.
plano-convex, umbonate, margin
but fibrils
I.
on
HABITAT
Figs.
&
DISTRIBUTION.
holotype
of I.
in
age
with
to
true
or
distinctly paler,
hardly
moderately crowded,
20-40
3-5
x
cookei,
not
7.7-8.6
4-5
ochraceous
soon
mm,
brownish
to
swollen
when
to
young,
about
specimens,
soon
l/4th,
evan-
distinctly spermatic.
x
4.7-5.6
subconical
apex.
Q
/urn,
=
(1.4—)1.5—1.8, Q
Pleurocystidia
(25-)26-42
sometimes subclavate, thick-walled, with
faintly yellowish wall, crystalliferous
similar
broad,
mm
to
equal
whitish
solid,
diverging
half; velipellis
outer
to
pleurocystidia,
rather
caulocystidia,
more
or
less
x
7-8
similar
at
scarce.
/urn,
to
apex,
=
x
up
rather
Paracystidia
4-spored. Stipe
cheilocystidia,
a
also present.
111-112. Inocybe
112. from
not
apical part, descending
at
Smell
average
colourless
l/6th) with
cauloparacystidia
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
centre, outwards
young,
Stipe
bulb
cylindrico-clavate,
Cheilocystidia
scarce.
I.
white-fibrillose. Cortina present in young
subamygdaliform,
thick,
tinge when
fimbriate, white.
yellowish
cylindrical
Lamellae
subshiny.
submarginate
4.5-6.0
x
(as
(broadly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent. Basidia 22-26
in
1931; sensu Alessio, Iconogr.
333.
Heim, Genre Inocybe:
conical, then
young
faint greyish
longitudinally
smooth,
8—14(—15)
170.
111-112
Figs.
('1953')
39: 58.
46:
Inocybe: pi.
straight,
minutely
a
7.5-9.5
Spores
to
a
Context whitish in
1.5-1.7,
—
rimulose, sometimes minutely excoriate
not
with
discolouring
downwards
Mykol.
disc, outwards radially
narrowly adnate, with
at
Z.
sensu R.
Genre
present around disc, and then there
ochraceous;
(in Beih.
Romagnesi
confusa).
young, then
almost smooth around
and
from
copied
been
Mich. Acad. Sci.
& Glowinski
Inocybe confusa
—
25(-40)
to
1986
1980.
ICONES.
pi.
29:
Pap.
Stuntz in
Inocybe mystica Stangl
29:
3,
1979).
53. Inocybe cryptocystis
mycol.
Vol.
—
Under frondose
cryptocystis.
mystica).
—
trees.
Associated
Spores, pleurocystidia (111.
from
with
Quercus and Fagus.
holotype
of I.
cryptocystis;
K
Widespread
in
lnocybe
U Y P E R:
and North America, but
Europe
in
Europe
(very)
145
I
throughout. Once recorded from
rare
the Netherlands. July-Aug.
COLLECTIONS
1559.
EXAMINED.
Glowinski.
UNITED
—
5400 (holotype
NETHERLANDS:
—
: Liibeck, Ehrenfriedhof,
GERMANY
—
Note: The macroscopical
After
I
Z.
(in
I.
species
these
regard
54.
Agaricus
hot.
SELECTED
Pf
H3B.
ICONES.
10-24
Inocybe
R.
—
velipellis
Lamellae,
not
L
=
Heim,
young
=
x
2-3
on
to
mm,
1783.
8.0-9.5
yum,
with
dunculate
up
to
—
J.
Stangl
species
specific differences.
any
and
Lange
Inocybe
pi. 20,
f.
4.
x
type-studies
own
my
113
Fig.
—
(Batsch)
auricoma
1931.
J.
Lange,
J.
—
Lange
in
Fl.
Dansk
dan.
agar.
[2.5
equal
yellow
around
and
almost
centre,
3:
somewhat
more
Y
to
whitish
a
8/4-8/6],
with
hairy-pruinose
with
3.0(-4.0)
yum
similar
thick,
to
taste
8.3-9.0
to
apex.
bright
pleurocystidia,
in upper part
of
stipe,
HABITAT
Associated
with
at
first almost
discolouring
age
covering
Y
white.
of
apical
part
pan,
Q
(sub)lageniform,
thickapex,
frequent. Paracystidia
Basidia 23-33
descending
slender, mixed with cauloparacystidia,
to
=
crystalliferous
never
yellow wall,
rather
(1.5—)1.6-2.0, Q
=
Pleurocystidia (40-)42-60(-63)
l/4th,
x
7-10
similar
below with
of somewhat differentiated caulocystidioid hairs, but this
over
[2.5
downwards. Cortina present
4.9-5.2
x
somewhat clavate,
pale
when young
spermatic.
(sub)conical
to
centre.
subflocculose,
to
pileus,
indistinctly white-fibrillose
average
rather
broad, subventricose,
bulbous, solid,
colour of
on
yum,
not
with
or
patch around
mm
greyish-yellowish
contrasting
Y
margin,
or
slightly radially fibrillose,
or
6/6]; edge fimbriate
to
not
8/6, 7/6, 7/4, 6/6], somewhat
not
with
somewhat swollen below,
[2.5
margin,
becoming recurvately subsquamulose;
then
free; pale
6/4, tending
Y
Context whitish. Smell and
4.5-5.5
present
straight
yellow [2/5
inflexed
slightly
with
young,
sometimes
age
fusiform, (sub)utriform
to
when
convex
pyriform, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
Caulocystidia
slightly
from
copied
detect any relevant differences.
to
subapplanate with
sometimes present
about l/4th, smooth
specimens.
12—20(—22)
z°ne
state
1-3, moderately crowded to subdistant, 2-4
adnate, rarely
frequent. Cheilocystidia
°r
has been
descriptions
ochraceous
cream to
L6-1.8, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
walled,
75.
not
unable
(Batsch)
subtomentose-smooth
25-40,1
broadly
to
or
hardly rimulose,
ochraceous
Spores
x
was
Inocybe:
Genre
(milky-)white, conspicuously
descending
m
or
then ochraceous
16-38
pale
did
they
I
as
Fung.:
Elench.
plano-convex
to
mostly absent,
moderately
7/2-7/3],
to
but
auricoma
conico-convex
mm,
expanding
margin
Pure
29.VII. 1949, Stuntz
Lighthouse,
Old
Bas
1917.
paler around centre,
Stipe
Doom, 21.IX.1958,
mystica, M)&23.VIII. 1981,
These authors asserted that their
1980).
macroscopical
synonyms
indistinctly umbonate, pale
at
I.
1938.
Pileus
soon
37.
as
Batsch,
auricomus
2(7):
Ark.
170.
cryptocystis
of the
comparison
a
City,
Mackinaw
description of this species
46:
Mykol.
different from
was
(holotype of
cryptocystis, WTU).
of I.
& Glowinski
Michigan,
STATES:
Utrecht,
prov.
25.VII.1978
zone
a
to
at
spherope-
yum,
4-spored.
cheilocystidia
narrow
intermediate
sometimes
descending
half-way.
&
DISTRIBUTION.
with
two localities.
—
Under
frondose and
Quercus, Alnus, and Picea. Very
Probably
rare
and
widespread
in
rare
coniferous
in the
trees
on
Netherlands,
Europe. July-Nov.
rather
moist soil.
known from
only
146
P
Fig.
113.
Inocybe
Fig.
114.
Inocybe posterula.
COLLECTIONS
bos,
EXAMINED.
7.VII.1981, Kuyper
Kuyper
2663.
Notes:
—
1.
(1889))
Ain, Villereversure,
IX.
I.
pallidipes
of I.
pallidipes
2.
Inocybe
brighter
needed
are
some
(Berk.
-»
and
description
close
ochraceous
for
pileus
(or
to
study
I.
) Sacc.,
but
the latter
squamulose pileus
taxon
3.XI.1984,
(United States,
isotype
&
Ev.
(in
I.
auricoma.
pileus, being pale
regarding
its
autonomy.
habit,
variants of
its
recognised by
1882.
brown
Well-annotated collections
Sacc. in small
contrasting
5:
Mycol.
J.
with)
somewhat
white
lageniform
cystidia,
stipe.
114
Fig.
—
There
I. flocculosa
Inocybe posterula (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
1887.
Inocybe
xanthodisca
Inocybe geophylla
EXCLUDED.
—
Inocybe posterula
SELECTED
Lange,
1973.
5.
d, Goes,
n
yellow-coloured pleurocystidia.
be
can
a
identical
auricoma.
more
and somewhat less
1
e
resemblance of I. auricoma with yellow-coloured
Agaricus posterulus Britz., Dermini Siidbayern:
J.
Ell.
even
posterula (Britz.)
slightly
e
of the
pallidipes
be
Z
Huijsman.
definite conclusion
more
and
a
may
in
yellow
a
prov.
55. Inocybe posterula (Britz.) Sacc.
5: 778.
1986
is the colour of the
taxa
auricoma differs from I.
and smoother
is also
more
and
3,
IJsselmeerpolders, Visvijver-
22.VIII. 1957,
1888, L), Inocybe
The main difference between both
in
Vol.
28.VIII.1982, Kuyper 2129;
extremely
comes
I A—Suppl.
on
NETHERLANDS:
&
from the
Judging
so
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Kuyper 2258).
—
—
FRANCE:
r
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Kuyper 2129).
—
1603
Jersey, Newfield,
New
24
auricoma.
E
—
agar.
Stangl
in
Bull.
lutescens
Z.
Soc. Nat.
sensu
R.
Heim,
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
dan.
Bres.,
3:
Mykol.
pi.
51:
Oyonnax
Gillet, Hymenomycetes:
Inocybe posterula
sensu
ICONES.
Fl.
Kiihner in
var.
Iconogr.
113E.
pi.
mycol.
1938.
!• 1985.
—
29:
16:
(Suppl.):
9
520.
Genre
208.
pi.
Stangl
Inocybe:
1980
753.
&
7.
1955.
1876.
223.
1931
(= Inocybe spec.).
(= Inocybe spec.).
1930
Veselsky
(as
in
I.
geophylla
Ceska
var.
Mykol.
—
lutescens). -
27:
pi. 83,
f.
1.
Kuvp
Pileus 25-60
mm,
somewhat paler,
outwards
radially
fibrillose-felty,
Lamellae, L
so.
on
5-10
faint
at
specimens,
stipe.
somewhat
to
tinge,
with
apex,
downwards
greyish
pruinose
__
equal
mm,
soon
disappearing,
Smell when
x
never
crystalliferous
Paracystidia,
and mixed with
mediate
&
Namur,
Augsburg,
Notes:
St.
to
a
in
present
in
young
pileus
and
x
4.9-5.3
to
fusiform
Q
Mm,
1.5-1.7(-1.8),
=
almost rounded
to
thick, almost colourless
Mm
similar to
l/6th of
pale
to
pleurocystidia, frequent.
Basidia 23-30
frequent.
apex.
utriform,
(broadly)
similar
stipe,
downwards with
a
to
7-9
x
Mm,
narrow
very
4-
cheilocystidia
inter-
Selva
of their
var.
by
the
rather difficult
conical.
to
comm.)
Inocybe
6.X.
of I.
67.319.
—
&
and
BELGIUM:
GERMANY: Bavaria,
—
posterula, M)
—
with Picea, Pinus,
Sept.-Nov.
1967, Huijsman
2258.
1984, Slangl.
identical
12.X. 1984.
Landkr.
ITALY: prov.
—
SWITZERLAND:
authentic
who
studied
the less
spores
to
often
with
material
at
resembles I.
a
more
as
the
var.
Bole, 20.XI.1961,
I.
synonym
more
xanthodisca.
geophylloides
latter
spore of I.
P.
Karst. in
obscura
pusio
var.
Bidr.
Ceske
Kanned.
Houby:
obscurissima
f. velata
Reumaux
in
R.
Finl.
372.
Heim,
Docs
spores.
at
the
more
—
Fig.
Folk 48: 465.
115
1889.
Inocybe:
mycol. 12(48):
20.
257.
1931.
('1982')
1983
can
to
S,
is
only
ecology
is
be
robust
character, however,
Its
1920.
Genre
been
According
Kiihner differs in slender
longer
P. Karst.
Nat.
posterula
herbarium
posterula
too.
pusio
I.
I have
Fr.) Kumm., but
(Fr.:
yellow pileus,
apex. The
of the
Inocybe pusio
of
characters.
from Bresadola's
geophylla
conical
apex
a
posterula.
and somewhat
apex,
of
material
sericeous-smooth and
observe,
tinges
considered
macroscopical
lutescens is identical with I.
Inocybe fechtneri Velen.,
Inocybe
22.IX.
Tirol, Igls,
1982, Kuyper
(neotype
less
or
obtain
56.
Inocybe
A:
4.X.
Levico,
Inocybe phaeodisca
reddish
different
di
more
Inocybe posterula
and
USTRI
xanthodisca Kiihner is
Inocybe
however,
recognised
A
Associated
trees.
found in the Netherlands.
not
Baume, 5.X.1960, Huijsman.
1.
geophylla
—
Europe,
21,X, 1983, Sedlmeier
Huijsman (pers.
ith
rather
descending
Under coniferous
—
in
rare
EXAMINED.
Diedorf,
account
unable,
w
2.0(-2.5)
to
with
somewhat
so,
Context whitish
conical
(broadly)
cauloparacystidia,
Vencimont, Pichelotte,
Adige, Trentino,
Huijsman;
habit,
8.1-8.6
frequent. Cheilocystidia
at apex,
clavate
slenderly
DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTIONS
2.
apex,
indistinctly
Cortina
20-75
Stipe
whitish
silvery
Taste almost nihil.
indistinctly
Mm,
not
indistinctly
zone.
HABITAT
Alto
at
present
Larix. Widespread but
prov.
(12—)13—21
x
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
spored. Caulocystidia
I.
with
thick-walled, with up
(sub)lageniform,
yellow wall,
on
pm, on average
disc,
rimulose,
not
concolorous.
only
stipe.
on
indistinctly spermatic.
to
4.5-5.5(-6.0)
Pleurocystidia (47-)48-64(-66)
remnants
no
1.6-1.7, smooth, subamygdaliform,
=
but
white-fibrillose.
longitudinally
outwards
around
ventricose, moderately narrowly
not
bulbous, solid,
not
6/6-7/8],
but rather
pallid velipellis,
yellowish-tinged,
leaving
almost nihil
cut
Spores 7.5-9.0(-9.5)
Q
slightly
age
Y
margin
at
edge subfimbriate,
swollen below,
subapplanate, distinctly
to
convex
subtomentose-smooth
broad,
mm
Y 7/2-6/3];
[2.5
147
>
diverging,
not
half covered by
1-3, crowded, 3-5
=
grey
I
around disc [2.5
7/4-8/4],
Y
fibrils
but
at outer
age,
40-50,1
=
adnate, (pale) yellowish
Europe
in
straight margin, yellow
pale isabella-cream [2.5
becoming squamulose
x
with
Inocybe
r:
when young, then
conico-campanulate
indistinctly umbonate,
to
E
is
slightly
habit, stipe
somewhat
148
P
SELECTED
1974.
ICONES.
J.
—
Lange,
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
—
Pileus
11-35
mm,
brown, brown
the
umbo
crowded, 2-5
almost
free,
isabella
solid,
at
but sometimes
specimens,
Stipe
[10
18-48
apex, but violaceous
Spores 7.5-11.0
=
or
smooth
to
equal
velipellis
I.
30-40, 1
whitish,
in
=
disc,
1-3,
soon
and then
disappearing,
without
of
apical
part descending
fibrillose. Cortina present
pileus, greyish
to
in
young
violaceous grey in stipe
spermatic.
taste
4.7-5.7
x
whitish
marginate bulb,
in lower 2/3rd part violaceous
pruina
with
giving
moderately
narrowly adnate, sometimes
to
subbulbous, but
7.9-10.5
average
young,
somewhat
on
around
fimbriate, sometimes flocculose,
rather indistinct. Smell and
on
pi.
39:
hygrophanous, dark
not
present
=
tinges
longitudinally
to
Pilzk.
subrimose, with fibrils later
greyish violaceous,
to
Z.
inflexed when
margin
absent,
Lamellae, L
to
Context whitish
pm,
with
even
violaceous
almost
to
in
YR 3/3, 4/4, 4/6, 5/4], smooth around disc,
[10
lacking.
mm,
Stangl
—
pm,
Q
=
1.5—
1.9(—2.0), Q
1.6-1.8, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform, with (sub)conical apex. Pleurocystidia (41 —)44—70(—74)
x
(12—) 13—22(—25)
1.5-2.0
to
up
at
tinges
1938.
applanate,
to
but
violaceous
4.5-6.0
x
112A.
1980.
6/2-3]; edge
YR
3-6
x
disappearing.
soon
pi.
1986
not, moderately broadly
or
violaceous-tinged,
downwards almost
l/3rd,
3:
3,
Vol.
(sub)squamulose;
tinges absent, pale brownish-greyish
to
f. 2.
brown
recurvately
conspicuously
apex
dan.
agar.
margin rimulose
at
greyish-brownish
to
i A—Suppl.
on
pi. 32,
broad, ventricose
mm
initially
concolorous.
or
then
greyish hue,
a
Fl.
29:
ochraceous-tinged
or
and
up
so
umbo sometimes indistinct
radially fibrillose outwards,
breaking
r
plano-convex
convex,
often umbonate, but
e
apex,
with
COLLECTIONS
29.VII.
more
—
to
EXAMINED.
of
mixed with
prov.
alluvial clay and
on
frequent. Paracystidia
8-11
x
1738;
1615;
i
u
d
Oegstgeest,
-
on
Pinus.
(once)
o
1
1
a
n
16.VIII.1960,
also under conifers.
prov.
Kanne,
Z
Castle
e
1
e
n
a
Caster,
d, Oostkapelle
17.X.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
FINLAND:
1984,
of
15.IX.1972,
I.
31.VIII.
pusio
Huijsman;
13.IX.1981, Kuyper
(Fungi
f.
velata,
Bavaria,
prov.
1697.
Namur,
exsiccati
24.IX.1946,Lundell&
—
—
1606
(H).
herb.
Wikland
FRANCE:
Reumaux).
Kuyper
2117.
SWEDEN:
suecici
—
13.VII.
—
2306,
(Fungi
as
—
GERMANY:
HUNGARY:
2313,
1608
of I.
as I.
Westfalen,
Com.
Hortus
1982,
Bas
Limburg,
2627.
—
fechtneri, PRC).
of I.
pusio,
Reumaux
Heiligenkirchen,
2081; Augsburg,
Salgotarian, Borosbereny,
Botanicus, 3.IX.1948,
Blekinge,
obscura, PC).
van
1959,
Rotterdam,
Kuyper
(holotype
2.VIII.1982, Kuyper
griseolilacina, PC);
exsiccati suecici
846;
22.VIII.
Treignes, 2.X.1984,
Kits
28.VIII.
Ardennes, Semuy, 30.VII.1980,
Uppland, Uppsala,
I.
1958,
BELGIUM: prov.
Karsten
der
Utrecht, Breukelen,
27.VIII.1977, Kuyper
Augsburg, Siebentisch Park,
5.VIII.1982,
1770.
prov.
18.VIII. 1966, Visscher &
Kuyper
Beek-Bergh,
1942, Huijsman] Leiden,
Tavastia australis, Tammela, Syrja, 8.VIII.1889,
Wittelsbacher Park,
Melderis
Kuyper 2652;
Europe,
13.VIII.1977, van
Bohemia, Karlstejn, VII.1916, Velenovsky (holotype
H); ibidem, 11.VIII.1892, Karsten
(holotype
Huijsman;
Ridderkerk,
25.VIII. 1981,
in
Gelderland:
prov.
23.VIII. 1953,
2016;
Bas
somewhat
dune-sand. June-Oct.
's-Gravenhage,
d:
4-spored.
or
Widespread
Noord-Holland, Amsterdam,
prov.
H
pm,
cheilocystidia
to
but exceptionally
and
NETHERLANDS:
—
similar
trees
Populus,
1954, Huijsman; Vorden,
26.IX.
Z
with
thick-walled,
cauloparacystidia.
17.IX.1960, Bas 2198; Wassenaar, 2.IX.1982, Kuyper 2143,
—
rather
pleurocystidia,
stipe,
Under frondose
Tilia, Fagus,
Quercus,
10.VII.1981, Kuyper
Waveren;
7889;
subutriform,
to
1952, 30.VIII.I952, Huijsman; Doetinchem, X.1953, Huijsman; Neerijnen,
Laan; Valburg,
Bas
irregular,
in the Netherlands
not rare
similar
l/3rd part
upper
DISTRIBUTION.
&
Associated
in
present
slender and
HABITAT
subfusiform
slenderly
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, abundant. Basidia 27-32
to
Caulocystidia
more
fusiform,
frequent. Cheilocystidia
to
rare
pyriform
pm,
thick, colourless, exceptionally faintly yellowish-tinged wall, crystalliferous
pm
KarlskrBna,
—
Holm
&
Vallgatan,
SWITZERLAND:
Planeyse, 21.VI.1965, Huijsman; Emmendingen, Bannwald, 5.IX.1978, Huijsman.
Notes:
on
1.
account
1956).
The
synonymy
of I. obscura
of Kiihner's assertions
var.
(in Bull,
obscurissima
trimest.
Soc.
with I. pusio is
mycol.
Fr.
accepted
71: 274.
('1955')
K
Fig.
Figs.
115. Inocybe pusio.
116-118. Inocybe
117. from
holotype
of I.
—
u Y
P
n
r:
Inocybc
in
Europe
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
nitidiuscula.
valida;
—
118. from
Spores, pleurocystidia
Kuyper 2024).
I
of I.
(116.
149
i
pusio).
from
isoneotype
of I.
nitidiuscula;
150
P
2. Inocybe
degree
and
of
margin
No
Agaricus
11: 53.
Inocybe friesii
(in
Docs
Heim,
R.
valida
f.
Inocybe:
Genre
in
M. Bon
in
60:
R.
in
Int.
Bres., Iconogr.
4,
(as
11-47
Pileus
thick
comparatively
Sacc.
at
early disappearing velipellis
rimulose
subrimose
to
this
to
margin.
difference, contrary
('1982')
1983).
Figs. 116-118
—
Inocybe
1891.
(Britz.) Sacc.,
nitidiuscula
5.
I.
scabella
(as
1971
(suppl.):
9
6.
1955.
1979.
Inocybe:
Mycol.
Inocybe
1980
an
17.
12(48):
7.
the
on
1931.
332.
Inocybe
1931.
Lichenol.
sensu
1:
9
166.
nemorosa
(R. Heim)
Grund
(Suppl.):
and
I.
721, fig.
pi.
15:
4.
1.
15:
pi. 721,
(as
1930
I.
f.
1.
1930.
scabella).
Alessio,
respectively).
tarda
Inocybe nitidiuscula
1955.
1983.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
mycol.
friesii
I.
Oyonnax
in Bull. Soc. Nat.
J.
SELECTED ICONES.
1.
with
be accorded
(Britz.)
depending
fibrillose-subtomentose and
distinctly
a
is
1968.
MISAPPLIED NAME.
f.
habit
velipellis
less
or
mycol.
8: 90.
Heim, Genre
420.
Inocybe friesii f. epixantha Kiihner
pi.
the
Specimens
319.
Sydowia
Beih.
epixantha (Kiihner) Stangl
pi. 46,
more
Oyonnax
Bull. Soc. Nat.
nemorosa
Mycologia
37:
1986
macroscopical
When
Britz., Hymenomyc. Stidbayern:
Inocybe
Pilzk.
is
its
3,
Vol.
1895.
tarda Kiihner
Z.
in
velipellis.
nitidiuscula
Inocybe
Inocybe
Inocybe friesii
f.
I A—Suppl.
N
rimulose.
Reumaux
by
nitidiusculus
& Stuntz in
O
significance could, however,
57.
Syll. Fung.
O
somewhat darker and possess
taxonomic
the assertion
to
S
pileipellis
hardly radially
not or
generally
are
of the
underlying
the
R
rather variable
pusio is
development
rigid,
E
Stangl
—
Iconogr.
mycol.
in
29:
friesii).
conico-convex,
mm,
umbonate, often prominently
plano-convex
convex,
sometimes with
so,
almost
to
applanate,
rather low, broad umbo
a
umbo, with straight margin, brown [5 YR-7.5 YR 3/3-4/4], sometimes
or
more
even
mostly
without
yellow-brown
[10 YR 5-6/4, 10 YR 5/6, 2.5 Y 5/4], subtomentose-smooth around disc, but finally minutely
excoriate and somewhat
diverging,
but
to
brown
YR
[5
=
25-55,
1
at
base but
not
often with
no
remnants
sometimes ochraceous
to
halfway),
below
stipe.
Context
whitish in
at
as
(8.5—)9.0— 12.5(— 13.0)
Q
1.9(—2.0),
(50-)52-88(-90)
colourless
to
1.6-1.8,
pileus,
even
to
5.0-7.0
18-77
subdistant, 2.5-6
x
upper
white-fibrillose
in young
reddish ochraceous
sometimes with
rather
2-8
mm,
grey
equal
an
to
tinges [2.5
Y
part, descending
almost smooth,
to
specimens, leaving
orange-ochraceous
acidulous component.
x
9-12
even
slenderly
fusiform
to
Paracystidia
yum,
at
stipe.
apex,
clavate
9.3-11.3
with
to
to
conical
x
5.5-6.6
apex.
pm,
similar
to
Cheilocystidia
pyriform, thin-walled,
present in
cheilocystidia
upper
and
Q
=
Pleurocystidia
almost
frequent.
4-spored. Caulocystidia
half-way),
in lower half sometimes with scattered
base of
average
slenderly
cylindrical or
slenderly subutriform, thick-walled, with up to 2.0-2'.5
yum,
frequent.
Basidia 25-38
on
jam,
subamygdaliform,
yellow wall, crystalliferous
l/3rd (sometimes
racystidia,
x
smooth,
(11—)1 3—22
sometimes
pale
pleurocystidia,
frequent.
=
x
(sub)lageniform,
to
hardly
present,
smell.
Spores
1.5—
or
or
then yellowish
without reddish
Cortina present
in cortex of upper part of stipe. Smell (sub)spermatic,
Taste
to
young,
base, pruinose in
longitudinally
scattered minute whitish hairs.
on
white when
not
absent
bulbous, solid, orange-ochraceous or reddish ochraceous
5/6, 5/8, 6/6],
(exceptionally
l/3rd
to
fibrils
shiny; velipellis
1-3, normally crowded
=
narrowly adnate,
6/6], pallescent and less reddish downwards, whitish
but
fibrillose, but
to
[2.5 Y 5/4, 6/4]; edge fimbriate, whitish. Stipe
somewhat enlarged
upper part
subrimulose, dull
to
rather
broad, (sub)ventricose,
yellowish
in
squamulose, outwards radially
rimulose
not
rather indistinct. Lamellae, L
mm
to
margin
at
pm
thick,
similar
to
colourless,
part, descending
mixed with
caulocystidioid hairs, descending
caulopa-
sometimes
K
HABITAT
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Under
—
Associated with Picea, Pinus, Larix,
in the
especially
North
montane
Europe
in
coniferous and
I
151
\
frondose
trees
calcareous
on
Quercus, Corylus, and Carpinus. Widespread
under conifers,
zone
America. Rare in the
Inocybe
U Y P E R:
also
in the
alpine
Netherlands in the dunes and in the
also
zone,
in
soil.
Europe,
in
occurring
IJsselmeerpolders.
April-
Nov.
COLLECTIONS
Kuyper
EXAMINED.
2658',
NETHERLANDS:
—
Franeker,
19.X.1982,
Wisman;
F
prov.
i
r
e
1
s
a
25.X. 1984,
Appelscha,
d:
n
IJsselmeerpoIders:
Kuinderbos,
10.X.1983, Kuyper 2463; Voorsterbos, 12.X.I983, Kuyper 2477', Jagersveld, 16.VI.1981, Kuyper
7.
VII.1981, Kuyper
25.V.1983,
1609,
Noordeloos
28.VIII. 1982, Kuyper
83.10
2131',
13.XI.1982, Kuyper 2334;
H.VIII.1977,
de
BELGIUM:
des
,
—
FRANCE:
(holotype
of
__
29.VII.1982,
,
brunn,
herb.
31.VII.1982,
—
Pisa.S.
I
Bon).
25.X.
2105;
Kuyper
, r
_.
A
L
:
Y
prov.
r
Wald,.
of
Notes:
1.
Lichenol.
2.
The
5.IX.
vr
,
164.
His
1984, Kuyper
1983),
who
Parmila,
1767
&
1768.
_.
L);
Sieben-
2068;
Haspelmoor,
Muna, Strass,
,
.
.
„
—
Bon
Waldchen,
N
O
14.IX.1984, Vellinga
R
A
w
639.
—
Y
Bas
prov.
: Oppland, Austsinni,
SWITZERLAND:
2552 &
2553;
2514.
has
neotypified
been
also
was
first
the
to
by
Stangl (in
I.
synonymise
Int.
J.
friesii
Mycol.
with
I.
conclusion is accepted here.
difference
between
the
to
warrant
a
variant formerly
yellow-brown
and the chestnut-brown
intergradation
Fatra,
—
Fond
Wertheim, 2.X.1962,
2099;
-
nitidiuscula
Inocybe
1:
nitidiuscula.
epixantha
Bex,
sur
7822.
„
Kt. Luzern: Obcrdorf, 20.IX.1984, Kuyper 2560; Willisau, 17.IX.1984, Kuyper
Pont-de-Nant
Bas
Gogginger
nitidiuscula,
—
2501 & 7. IVA984,Kuyper 2508.
Vellinga 625; Randsfjorden, Nymoen,
&
Oostvoorne,
Kuyper 2091', Augsburg,
I.
&
2097
&
2024
Margheri,, 25.IX.1981,. Kuyper 1842;,
di
.
„
Male
Augsburg,
...
,
Adige, Trento, Alberghi
15.X.1981,
31.VII.1982, Kuyper
Bubesheimerwald,
,
~
Alto
Jansen
Namur, Rochefort,
prov.
Slovakia,
3.VIII. 1982,
(isoneotype
1404
Wellenburg, 4.VIII.1982, Kuyper
Rossore,6.IV. 1984, Kuyper
12.IX.1984,
Haunstetter
8085',
Bas
1588,
Jansen,
dpt. Somme, Amiens, X.1975,
Bavaria,
GERMANY:
1982, Slangl
Leipheim,
,
,
2.VII.1982,
Dolina, 12.IX.1981, Kuyper
StaniSovska
v<
Kuyper 2066;
T
Tatry,
—
Kuyper
. 2057',, Augsburg,
...
Voorschoten,
Genin, 27.VIII.1957, Huijsman;
Lac
,
Siebentischwald,
4. VIII.1982,
2769.
valida,
I.
I960',
17.IX.1981, Schreurs 630',
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
—
NiJke
1730',
Martignat,
_.
17.X.1981, Kuyper
&
2270.
..
&
Visvijverbos,
Zuid-Holland: Leiden, 30.XI.1982,
72.077
,
1728
Tjallingii-Beukers;
2. VII.1982,
Roggebotzand,
Noord-Holland, Bergen, 7.XI.1981, Kuyper
Luxembourg, Beverce,
Vaux, 5.X.1982, Kuyper
JR
9.VI.1983, Janserr,
&
Jansen
11.VI.1983,
&
prov.
prov.
Kleuver
prov.
9.IX.1981, Kuyper
1982,
4. VII.
typical
variant is
recognition
formal
too
recognised
small and shows
of the former variant
as
too
as
f.
much
autonomous
form.
3. The synonymy of I. tarda with I. nitidiuscula may
However,
a
by Kiihner (in
both
taxa
Inocybe
•ess
me
are
tarda
Bull.
not
Soc.
Nat.
reddish
allow for
an
4.
with
differs, however,
ipe, having a
(almost obtuse
st
5.
the
at
in
that
species,
a
I.
can
and
stipe.
1955)
makes
that
material studied by
The
taxa,
as
several intermediates
Stuntz rather much and
when
clear
microscopical respects.
considered identical.
there
more
slender,
not
are
scattered
possessing
having spores
leiocephala).
stipe with distinct
surprising.
can
easily
somewhat
hairs in the lower
of the stipe. Inocybe nitidiuscula
part
cortina in young stages, and
in I.
are
more
of both species described
robust and showing somewhat
of both
leiocephala.
especially
being somewhat
Inocybe nitidiuscula
having
apex
somewhat
63-68.
more
of the
these species
reason
Inocybe nitidiuscula resembles
confused
(Suppl.):
macroscopical
being somewhat
tinges
differentiated caulocystidioid
lr>
in both
seem
protologues
unambiguous separation
were encountered. For that
be
in
mainly differs
9
Oyonnax
extremely similar
pronounced
did
between the
comparison
careful
also
be
reddish
confused
with I.
a
with
distinctly bulbous
a
subconical apex
fuscidula Velen.,
but
differs
tinges, larger spores, and pleurocystidia with
152
somewhat thicker
a
58.
wall.
Single
from I.
separable
be
always
Inocybe
Inocybe
derbschii
Schwobel &
MISAPPLIED NAME.
29:
Iconogr. mycol.
SELECTED
ICONES.
Mykol.
Ceska
Pileus 12-60
83,
up
and
smooth
minutely
then
in
in
Veselský
Mykol.
Ceska
Carolinea
destricta
f.
3.
1973.
conico-convex,
straight
sometimes with reddish
slightly paler,
in
especially
&
Stangl
older stages,
40:
11.
27:
—
19.
1973
15:
pi.
margin,
tinges,
to
15:
pi.
Alessio,
—
convex,
740.
(as
1930
plano-convex
29:
pi.
more
subtomentose around
disc,
outwards
on
moderately crowded,
concolorous.
Stipe
tinge [7.5
YR
cream,
24-65
or
x
=
Figs.
x
smooth,
119-120.
dodestricta;
Alessio,
mm,
equal
near
age
distinctly
YR
4/3],
outwards
sometimes slightly
breaking
with
or
diverging
fibrils,
absent. Lamellae,
broad, subventricose,
narrowly adnate,
olivaceous brown; edge fimbriate, whitish
subbulbous
to
apex
less
destricta).
tinges,
radially fibrillose,
mm
or
Veselsky
&
I.
sometimes
at
base
with
a
(12 mm), solid, whitish,
pale pinkish ochraceous
7/4], pruinose in apical l/3rd, longitudinally white-fibrillose downwards. Cortina
8.5-11.0
1.6-1.8,
3-8
3-5
yellow, finally
pale brownish,
present in young specimens.
Spores
or
(as
chestnut-brown [7.5
=
then pale yellowish
1980
with age sometimes mixed with olivaceous
subsquamulose,
when young whitish, pale
or
sensu
Stangl
—
49.
applanate,
to
appendiculate, dark
not
destricta).
I.
Iconogr. mycol.
L
1-3,
1930;
740.
margin rimulose, often shiny, but sometimes dull; velipellis indistinct
=
not
119-120
Figs.
at
30-40, 1
might
1982.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
sensu
Iconogr. mycol.
Bres.,
pi.
mm,
umbonate, with
1986
1980.
—
27:
Veselsky
&
Stangl
Inocybe
—
212.
specimens,
3,
Vol.
fuscidula, however.
pseudodestricta
Inocybe pseudodestricta Stangl
in
a—Suppl.
Persooni
120.
Smell and
5.0-6.0
pm,
on
subamygdaliform,
Inocybe pseudodestricta.
from
taste
holotype
of I.
spermatic.
average 9.1-10.6
—
derbschii).
with
x
5.1-5.8
subconical
pm,
apex.
Spores, pleurocystidia
(119.
Q
=
(1.5—)
Pleurocystidia
from
holotype
1.6— 1.9,
Q
50-70
of
I.
pseu-
x
K
(13—) 14—22(—23)
with
up
2.0
to
colourless,
thick, colourless
similar
to
l/3rd of
to
P E
Inocybe
R:
Europe
in
8-11
x
4-spored.
pm,
to
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Associated with
Very
rare
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
Kuyper 1421; prov.Z
Bohemia,
(holotype
e
1
e
—
a
N
mixed
Populus.
Note: Very similar
yellow-tinged
I.
to
The differences between
the
seems
status
I.
warranted.
not
of this
More
fuscidula Velen.,
Heim)
descissa
Kiihner in
var.
P.D. Orton in
1
e
d
e
Moravia,
1
r
107.
—
a
d,Neerijnen,6.1X.1980,
n
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
Ostrava,
30.VIII.
differs in
Bull.
in
1970,
2.VI.
its
Veseisky
1980,
19. VII.
1970, Stangl
shiny pileus
mycol.
Trans. Br.
derbschii
A
is
species
are
needed
374.
on
I.
non
Z. Pilzk.
Genre
Soc. 43:
specific
judge
on
brunneoatra
(R.
to
fuscidula
Bres.
1930.
1920.
177.
30:
9
Oyonnax
Heim,
the
small,
very
separation
fuscidula Velen.
1920,
378.
Schweiz.
R.
I.
of this
material
Soc. Nat.
brunneoatra
and
yellow-brown.
more
Inocybe
Houby:
Ceske
Inocybe hypophaea Furrer-Ziogas
Inocybe
trees.
in Europe.
rare
variant.
brighter-coloured
Inocybe pedunculata Velen., Ceske Houby:
Inocybe virgatula
half.
lower
June-Sept.
from which it
pseudodestricta
59.
Inocybe
in
lamellae.
latter species being merely somewhat
level
even
Bavaria, Augsburg, Gogginger Waldchen,
fuscidula Velen.,
apical
under coniferous
Baden-Wiirttemberg,Karlsruhe,
GERMANY:
—
derbschii, KR);
(PRM).
(PRM);
Kniiek
1949,
20.VI.
in
present
cauloparacystidia,
but apparently
Widespread
localities.
ETHERLAND s:prov. G
pseudodestricta, PRM).
of I.
two
hairs,
frequent.
thin-walled,
clavate,
with
also
probably
d, Terneuzen, 7. VII. 1980, de Meijer
n
Pocernice,
Horn!
of.I.
Schwdbel (holotype
and
Betula and
Quercus,
in the Netherlands, known from
apex, rather
Caulocystidia
cheilocystidia,
Under frondose and
—
at
Paracystidia
downwards with scattered, rather undifferentiated caulocystidioid
HABITAT
153
\
slenderly subclavate, thick-walled,
or
frequent.
not
similar
stipe,
I
pale yellow wall, crystalliferous
pleurocystidia,
to
Basidia 26-34
frequent.
descending
part,
Y
fusiform, sometimes subutriform
p. m,
pm
Cheilocystidia
u
131.
1952.
(Suppl.):
Inocybe:
7.
1955.
234.
1931.
—
Inocybe
1960.
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. FUSCIDULA
'•
'•
Basidia 4-spored
var.
I. fuscidula
59.1.
Inocybe
vir gatula
fuscidula
Kiihner
Velen.
—
Inocybe
—
SELECTED
■
NAME.
ICONES.
Y'ocybe: pi. 20,
A1
- 1938 (as I.
f.
1.
—
Bres.,
1931
descissa
(as
var.
var.
fuscidula
brunneoatra
in
Reumaux
Inocybe
—
var.
Inocybe pedunculata Velen.
descissa
Inocybe pallidipes f. flagellata
MISAPPLIED
fuscidula,
p.
bisporigera,
p.
var.
basidia 2-spored
rimosa
Iconogr.
I.
Docs
sensu
var.
brunneoatra).
—
—
pi.
121-123
Inocybe hypophaea Furrer-Ziogas
mycol. 12(48):
15:
156
—
Inocybe
Heim.
9.
('1982')
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
mycol.
descissa
R.
Figs.
—
153
741.
.
brunneoatra).
Furrer-Ziogas
15:
1930 (as
.
—
I.
1983.
741.
1930.
rimosa).
Lange,
Fl.
Schweiz.
Z.
J.
in
pi.
—
agar.
Pilzk.
R.
dan.
30:
Heim, Genre
3:
pi.
pi.
1C.
113A,
1952
154
P
Figs. 121-124. Inocybefuscidula.
123.
holotype
of I.
hypophaea;
E
—
124.
R
S
O
O
N
I A—Suppl.
Vol.
Spores, pleurocystidia (121.
from
holotype
of I. fuscidula
3,
1986
from
var.
Kuyper 1576;
bisporigera).
122. from
Bresadola;
Inocybe
Kiiyper:
(as
in
hypophaea).
I.
Mitt.
Pileus 15-43
brown [7.5
fibrils and rimulose
recurvately
3-6
of
brown [10
(pale) yellowish
3-7
mm,
equal
longitudinal fibrils,
with
from
age,
underneath
downwards
apex
l/3rd
to
with
6/4, 5/4]; edge
YR
or
velipellis,
Spores
__
Q
7.5—10.5(—11.0)
1.6-1.9, smooth, subamygdaliform,
=
(41—)44—72(—75)
but rather
11-22
x
indistinctly
Cheilocystidia
similar
cending
similar
zone
Widespread
in
COLLECTIONS
berg,
28.VIII.
EXAMINED.
.
Achenwald
VI1.1956, ,
frondose and
—
IJ
1577
&
—
flagellata,
T
A
L
herb.
Y
:
San
Reumaux).
Antonia,
—
X.
8t.
Adige: Trento, Villazzano,
25.IX.
1981, Kuyper
Saupsborg,
30.VI.
1844',
1985,
,
Vezzena
Weholt.
—
1981,
near
S c
o
..
prov.
Kuyper
A
clavate,
des-
extreme
apex,
intermediate
and Larix.
Netherlands.
,
1858
&
Barbouillon,
Velenovsky (holotype
(holotype
—
F
of
of I. rimosa
sensu
R
co.
1863', Trento, Alberghi
,
Bas
Perthshire,
7976.
Blair
—
di
Struan
c E:
Jansen.
prov.
Margheri,
NORWAY:
Atholl,
N
A
I. pallidipes
Bres., S);
_
30.1X.1982,,
N D:
-
Austria:
—
, PRC).
pedunculata,
material
d
Voor-
Alpen, Otztal, Solden,
VII. 1918,
Ardennes
i
u
1692 ;
Luxembourg, Daverdisse,
of I.
June-
Bremer-
Z
prov.
,
2148.
soil.
calcareous
Eifel, Gerolstein, Scheuerbach, 21.IX.1980,
(authentic
Levico,
T L
on
1904\
Otztaler
Bohemia, Davie,
„
27.IX.
trees
Kuyper
2188',,
(herb. Romagnesi);
Bresadola
at
narrow
_
2174
Belgium:
GERMANY:
1900,
frequent.
to
Caulocystidia
only
a
1579', Wassenaar, 2.IX.1982, Kuyper
72.215
1972, Romagnesi
apex,
pyriform
1400\ Oegstgeest, 20.VIII.1981, Kuyper
fuscidula, PRC); Cernosice, V.1920, Velenovsky (holotype
Jura, Mignovillard,
almost colourless
at
sselmeerpolders:
-
ZECHOSLOVAKIA:
C
thick,
in the
rare
Strandgaperweg, 6.X.1981,
_
11620.
Maas Geesteranus
minority sublageniform
with
coniferous
America,
North
Noordeloos
1.5-2.0,
=
Pleurocystidia
apex.
Carpinus, Populus, Salix, Picea,
Achenkirch, 6.IX.1982, Kuyper
near
2273.
in
so
pruinose
part,
hairs.
ETHERLANDS:
N
—
_
Leiden,, 8.VIII.1981,
4.X. 1982,
Kuyper
Alto
occurring
4.VI.1981, Kuyper 1576,
Tirol,
'
.
below
cauloparacystidia,
Under
Tjallingii-Beukers',
1984,
Holland:
f.
with
—
also
Europe,
a
pm
but sometimes
half-way stipe,
Stipe
distinct.
4-spored.
pm,
1-3,
=
distinctly
more
upper
Paracystidia
9-12
x
with Fagus, Quercus, Castanea, Betula,
Oct.
I.
even to
mixed
DISTRIBUTION.
&
up
in
conical
1.5-2.0
to
1
whitish because
to
4.9-5.7 /urn, Q
x
subutriform,
frequent.
abundant. Basidia 26-36
of rather undifferentiated caulocystidioid
HABITAT
to
with
rather
pleurocystidia,
cheilocystidia,
to
fusiform
and then
smooth. Cortina present in
not
indistinctly
diverging
up,
concolorous.
to
yellowish tinge, only slightly crystalliferous
l/3rd, exceptionally
to
Associated
of
faint
a
below
because
whitish when young,
7/6],
YR
tinges
Taste
(dark)
to
30-50,
=
solid, white
so,
7.9-10.2
average
with rather
cylindrical,
pm,
to
thin-walled, colourless,
on
L
fimbriate, whitish
orange-ochraceous
(slightly) thick-walled,
so,
wall but sometimes with
15-
4.5-6.0 pm,
x
velipellis,
breaking
narrowly adnate,
young specimens. Context whitish. Smell (sub)spermatic.
without umbo
fibrillose with
Lamellae,
age.
half-way stipe,
even
Enderle
smooth and subtomentose
radially
yellowish-tinged [10
slightly
&
seemingly paler
outwards
marginately
not
Stangl
umbonate when
prominently
sometimes somewhat
age
in middle part, without
especially
indistinct,
peeling
subbulbous, but
to
is
broad, (sub)ventricose,
mm
—
sordid isabella because of
to
fibrils with
virgatula).
straight margin,
to
rather indistinct,
velipellis
155
\
I.
with
applanate,
well-developed,
velipellis
sometimes
subsquamulose,
(as
1956
often whitish because of
when
margin,
at
moderately crowded,
x
whitish
dirty
I
hypophaea).
I.
to
is
Europe
('1955')
2.
(as
1981
velipellis
margin
at
context,
pi.
39:
124.
YR 3/3, 4/4, 5/4] when
underlying
then
Pilzk.
31:
plano-convex
mm, convex,
around centre, outwards,
21-70
Z.
is rather indistinct,
velipellis
of
in
umbonate when
indistinctly
or
Stang!
—
Ver. Naturw. Math. Ulm
in
Birch
0stfold,
Forest,
22.IX.1983, Kuyper 2414.
SWITZERLAND: Kt.
Luzern, Willisau, 17.IX.1984, Kuyper 2555',
Schoftland, Hirschtal, 27.X.1947,, Holier (holotype of I. hypophaea, herb. Furrer-Ziogas).
WALES:
—
—
—,
c
°.
Montgomeryshire,
Notes:
m
°st
-
,
Lake
1. Inocybe
Vyrnwy,
IX.
fuscidula is
commonly encountered in
1960,
Kits
van
, r~,
very variable in
western
,
Waveren.
its
macroscopical habit. The variant
Europe is characterised by
a
slender habit,
156
P
dark brown
rather
on
damp
habit,
but
also
can
(sub
these
The
reason
velipellis,
sordid
a
a
a
formal
of I.
Lange
variant is
for
It grows
The
trees.
variant.
this
has been
status
and
59-63.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
in
within
either
the
on
brown
without umbo.
pileus
group that
a
is
often
pileus
to
seems
related
closely
under conifers
mostly
by
the
also
1955)
and
mixed
of
micro-
been
confirmed
from
with reddish
development
brown rimulose
fuscidula,
by
Furrer-Ziogas (pers.
Intermediates
I.
Bresadola
extremes
repeatedly encountered,
has
originate
to
a
development
hardly differ in
distinctly umbonate,
a
trees
descissa
those variants.
to
hypophaea
I.
I.
encountered with
Although
extremes are
given
as
illustration
strikingly different, they
virgatula
pseudodestricta
shiny,
are
mycelium.
one
but
tinges,
pileus,
seldomly
not
differs in
having
lamellae
yellowish
stipe with pinkish tinges.
nitidiuscula differs
Inocybe
somewhat
larger
Inocybe
descissa f.
fuscidula
var.
bisporigera
—
20-25
Pileus
J.
at
30-40
Stipe
having reddish tinges
x
at
the
of the
apex
Lange,
Fl.
Kuyp.,
dan.
agar.
5:
101.
var.
1940
nov.
—
stipe
and
(inval.,
36.1.).
Art.
dan. 5:
agar.
then
pi.
expanded,
Lamellae
mm,
J.
Lange,
17.IX.1938,
(C).
Fl.
convex,
124
Fig.
bisporigeris atque sporis majoribus. Holotypus:
margin.
2.5
bisporigera
var.
Denmark
Lange,
mm,
rimulose
fibrillose,
brown.
ICON.
J.
differt basidiis
N0rres0, Trolleborg, Fyn,
SELECTED
in
spores.
59.2. I. fuscidula
A
under frondose
grows
Heim and
by
stipe.
Intermediates between the
resulting
even
Inocybe
rather
and
short and firm
characteristic
isabella-brown
encountered,
2.
It often
robust
more
1986
The sole difference between both variants is to be found in the
comm.).
of the
is
Bull. Soc. Nat.
(in
a
3,
Vol.
distinctly paler pileus (depending
relatively
no
conspecificity
Kiihner
I A—Suppl.
N
Europe
to
macroscopically
are
characters.
and for that
o
encountered under frondose
rimosa)
variants
scopical
central
and
be
I.
nom.
so
relatively long stipe.
a
somewhat
a
velipellis)
of the
R
soil. This variant is well illustrated
brunneoatra. In
var.
stouter
or
and
pileus
E
equal,
200F.
1940.
umbonate, pale
Vandyke-brown,
radially
slightly ventricose, narrowly adnate, pallid, greyish
solid, pale
brownish, pruinose above.
Smell almost
absent.
10.0—14.0(—14.5)
Spores
Q
x
=
11-18
with
to
up
cylindrical
/am,
pleurocystidia.
HABITAT
Denmark.
/am,
&
fuscidula
Thoday.
to
Basidia
similar
to
on
average
11.1-12.8
with conical
apex.
subfusiform, sometimes tending
colourless wall,
26-35
x
7-10
/am,
cheilocystidia.
DISTRIBUTION.
—
to
crystalliferous
2-spored.
Under frondose
trees.
x
6.1-6.5
/im,
Q
=
1.7-2.0,
Pleurocystidia (54—)57—69(—70)
at
sublageniform,
apex.
Caulocystidia
Known
thick-walled,
Cheilocystidia
descending
to
similar
about
hitherto from England
and
July-Sept.
COLLECTIONS
I.
5.5-7.0
1.5-2.0 /am thick,
to
half-way stipe,
of
x
1.8-1.9, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
EXAMINED.
var.
—
DENMARK:
bisporigera, C).
—
E
N
G
Fyn, Trolleborg, Norreso,
L
A N
D:
co.
Kent,
17.IX.
Shoreham,
1938, Lange (holotype
25.VII.
1965,
Sinnott
&
Inocybe
Kuyper:
Note: The macroscopical
5:
101.
of
The type
1940).
60.
Pileus
subtus
Inocybe
campanulatus,
dein
luteolus, sericeus,
subliberae,
Sporae
citrinae.
7.5-9.0
jim,
Etymology:
Pileus
inflexed
to
agar.
small
one
dan.
fragment
free,
20
mm,
young
at
young
Stipe
7.5-9.0
Pleurocystidia
Fig.
later
margin
to
27
almost
more
in
initio
Caro
albidus
vel
albida.
eburneus,
adnatae
anguste
vel
spermaticus.
Odor
Pleurocystidia
subconico.
parte apicali,
Kuyper
W.
2545,
whitish
radially
not
x
to
x
4
mm,
(45-)46-60
x
partem
tertiam,
Kanton
Luzern,
without umbo,
slightly
descendentia
ad
16.IX.1984, Willisau,
rimulose,
pm,
base
at
on
xantholeuca.
Inocybe queletii.
—
pileus
average
Y
8/4,
dull,
mm
even to
not
more
Y 8/
7/4], sericeous, without
shiny.
broad,
than 2.5
Lamellae, L
narrowly
adnate
30-40,
=
almost
to
brownish-tinged; edge fimbriate,
bulbous but
not
marginately
so,
solid,
in upper l/3rd, smooth below. Cortina present
and
stipe.
8.0-8.5
/am,
convex,
pale yellowish [paler
x
Smell
4.7-4.8
with almost rounded
10—17(—19)
—
4
distinctly
pruinose
subamygdaliform,
x
to
more
very
Y-5 Y 8/6], later
Context whitish in
4.5-5.0
to
distinctly yellow [5
towards base,
(45—)46—60
125. Inocybe
126.
Th.
lemon-yellow [2.5
specimens.
smooth, regular
Fig.
initially
velipellis,
whitish, yellow-tinged
Spores
125
subventricosae,
luteolus.
vel
when young, then
campanulate
young,
fibrils,
yellowish.
basim
subobtuso
moderately crowded, subventricose,
when
Fig.
—
ZavOoktvKoo, yellow-white.
because of
1-3,
nov.
spec.
Lamellae
versus
presentia
Holotypus:
—
Kuyp.,
rimulosus.
apice
laeves,
Caulocystidia
similia.
similia.
when
diverging
in
Lange (Fl.
of
utriformia, crassiparietalia, pariete incolore, crystallifero. Cheilocystidia
vel
Switzerland (L).
=
consisting
umbone, velipelle obtectus,
sine
radialiter
Stipe subbulbosus, albidus,
fusiformia
cheilocystidiis
I
from
copied
very scanty,
xantholeuca
convexus,
non
4.5-5.0
x
17(— 19)
pleurocystidiis
4]
157
I
lamella only.
a
10—
has been
description
collection is
Europe
in
fusiform
to
spermatic.
jum,
to
Q
=
Taste
indistinctly
utriform,
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
not recorded.
1.6-1.9, Q
often rather
xantholeuca).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Huijsman 23.V.1965).
=
1.7-1.8,
subconical
apex.
slender,
a
158
P
few
rather
24-32
i
w
T
z E
Note:
L
R
A
N
Easily
J.
and
microscopical
its
but
the
Sacc.
the
because of
of
characters I.
Maire
queletii (Maire
EXCLUDED.
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
&
Konr.
R.
SELECTED ICONES.
1930
Pileus
(as
eutheles
30-60
with
in
and
to
pale
centre, outwards
=
mm,
when
no
=
M.,
Ic.
Cheilocystidia
Inocybe
auricoma
I.
to
(Batsch)
cystidia
In
too.
fuscidula Velen.,
of these
separation
taxa
R.
Fr.
pale
x
with
up
Heim,
pi.
1:
walled, colourless,
Inocybe
—
15:
pi.
218.
1931
750.
eutheles
(=
I.
hirtella
1930.
98.
1930.
Bres.,
—
Iconogr. mycol.
with
of thick
under
argillaceous
velipellis,
diverging
pruinose
in
specimens
upper
but
mm
3.0
gim
apex,
fusiform
thick,
pleurocystidia,
numerous.
in
and
(to
part
no
to
partly
to
gm,
15:
pi.
on
with
an
Basidia 26-34
x
margin,
sometimes
specimens,
at
on
margin radially
to
rimulose.
subventricose,
white.
Stipe
40-70
submarginately bulbous,
about l/3rd), below somewhat
remnants
on
the
stipe.
Context
smell.
average
apical
(sub)lageniform,
8.9-10.8
a
with
x"5.5-6.3
only
callus.
jum,
gm,
indistinctly
Pleurocystidia
minority slenderly clavate,
crystalliferous
at
apex,
frequent.
frequent. Paracystidia (slenderly) clavate,
9-12
age
sericeous-smooth around
subamygdaliform,
colourless wall,
rather
as
but
young
broad, straight
sometimes
leaving
(5.0—)5.5—6.5(—7.0)
>
involute
somewhat darkening
becoming isabella-brown; edge fimbriate,
m
M
margin
at
velipellis,
observed. Smell spermatic. Taste
x
somewhat
applanate, usually without umbo,
fibrils somewhat
subobtuse
to
1929.
Inocybe:
Genre
campanulate
or
1.6-1.8, smooth, regular
to
40.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Fung.
even
or even
soon
14—20(—21)
similar
45:
18. 1938.
because
young
cream on age,
=
126
Fig.
—
1931.
1-3, moderately crowded, 2-4
=
sometimes
thick-walled,
218.
subbulbous, in young specimens
to
1.5—1,9(—2.0), Q
subconical,
sel.
3:
conical
radially fibrillose,
pinkish tinges
(50-)54-69(-76)
pileus.
different
allow
—
darker, subsquamulose
rather close
to
67.461.
xantholeuca, L).
of I.
spores)
ochraceous
60-70,1
to
&
Spores (8.0—)8.5—11.5(—12.0)
Q
sensu
sensu
Mycol.
Rev.
fibrillose. Cortina present in young
whitish,
a
Inocybe
has
umbo, sometimes slightly appendiculate
equal
solid, whitish
has
wall.
mycol.
Soc.
Inocybe:
queletii
var.
young
(narrowly) adnate, whitish,
6-12
to
yet recorded
not
lamellae and
Maire & Konr.
trimest.
Genre
sambucina
in
excl.
when
cream
becoming ivory,
Lamellae, L
similar
stipe,
Huijsman
(holotype
2545
and
comes
sufficient
are
Bull,
plano-convex, finally
low, broad
whitish
Konr.
—
mm,
to
soon convex
Metrod
sambucina;
I.
Europe,
5.XI. 1967,
(bright) yellow
queletii
Heim,
Inocybe
—
Inocybe fulvida sensu
x
a
bispora?).
750.
in
rare
yellow-tinged
yellow lamellae,
differences
Konr.)
&
Inocybe
—
Basidia
species.
Inocybe queletii
var.
Very
Martignat,
xantholeuca
61. Inocybe
var.
abies.
crocifolia (Herink) Kuyp.
var.
lack
macroscopical
the level of
on
pleu-
to
frequent.
about l/4th of
to
1.0(—1.5)
to
up
similar
Cheilocystidia
thin-walled, colourless,
descending
FRANCE:
—
lageniform cystidia with
differs in
Lange
clavate,
Under Picea
—
recognised
flocculosa (Berk. -»)
pileus
apex,
Luzern, Willisau, 16.IX.1984, Kuyper
Kt.
D:
thick-walled, with
frequent.
Sept.-Nov.
EXAMINED.
COLLECTIONS
S
at
1986
cauloparacystidia.
DISTRIBUTION.
&
from the Netherlands.
3,
Vol.
sublageniform,
more
4-spored. Caulocystidia
mixed with
cheilocystidia,
HABITAT
[ A—Suppl.
on
frequent. Paracystidia
7-10
x
so
crystalliferous
colourless wall,
rocystidia,
r
sometimes
subcylindrical,
even
thick,
pm
e
4-spored. Caulocystidia
thin-
descending
K
about l/3rd of
to
similar
stipe,
half-way, consisting
of rather
u Y
P E
differentiated
Europe
I
below with
cheilocystidia,
to
in
Inocybe
r:
intermediate
an
hairs,
caulocystidioid
159
\
zone to
about
without caulopara-
but
cystidia.
HABITAT
&
Pinus. Rather
from
DISTRIBUTION.
locality in the
one
COLLECTIONS
U.V.1985,
Borge, Torp Briik,
11.V.1961,
Marti ;
R
Locle,
A
Weholt.
1.
Notes:
According
find
Veselsky (in
Milieu,
du
10.V.
1961,
microscopical
2.
Judging
such
any
3.
the
cases
be
176.
I
10-12
Agaricus flocculosus
Inocybe
x
6-7
Berk,
pluteoides
cordae
Hohn.
Velen.,
in
Germany,
velipellis
brown.
by
me.
No
I could
slender than
by Stangl
depicted
rather
a
more
slender
&
habit. No
Sin., Engl.
rohlenae
Inocybe
fulvidula Velen.,
Velen.,
-»
Houby:
I.
5(2):
K. Akad.
375.
Ceske
Houby:
Novit.
mycol.:
97.
1836,
Wiss.,
Kiihner
in
379.
Inocybe croceifolia
Inocybe ferruginea
Beller in
Inocybe aurantiifolia
I. crocifolia Herink).
Docs
M. Bon in
Beller
in
a
Q about
(Fr.:
Fr.)
Sacc.
A.
flocculosus
DC.
in
Lam.
&
DC.
1887.
math.-naturw. KI. 66:
Nat.
Docs
mycol.
non
croceifolia
I.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
4.
1955.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
6.
1955.
mycol. 6(24):
57.
1976,
mycol. 8(30-31):
Docs
having
sambucina
14.
1907.
1939.
mycol. 7(25):
Docs
as
I.
nom.
noted the
1920.
120.
Bull. Soc. Nat.
Inocybe subtigrina Kiihner in Bull. Soc.
Inocybe geraniolens M. Bon & Beller in
non
5: 768.
sub
1930,
1920.
Inocybe dentifera Velen., Novit. mycol. nov.: 60. 1947.
Inocybe crocifolia Herink in Ceska Mykol. 8: 123. 1954,
gausapata
true
to
(Berk. →)
) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Petersen,
but in the absence
Bresadola
them
depicted
he
aestivalis S.
750.
pi.
Although
therefore refer
Fl.
15:
mycol.
queletii.
1.7),
var.
queletii,
dubium.
a nomen
flocculosa
Sitzungsber.
Ceske
to
might
Inocybe
in
as
about
(Q
taxon
Inocybe flocculosa (Berk.
Inocybe
Inocybe
somewhat
being
I. sambucina
(Iconogr.
refers
probably
most
62.
Inocybe
dark
been found
be identical with I.
name
Bresadola
by
of Bresadola's
—
rather
is
have
from
description,
regard this
Quel.
**I5: Fr.
collections lack the
some
pileus
1978) also shows
(1911), might
335
description
to
2-5. Part
Huijsman ; Pontarher,
differences could be found, however.
I. sambucina)
spores
0stfold,
1959, Huijsman', Enges,
18.VI. 1965,
Marti &
typical variant
collection
from the rather short
type-material
The
Jura. A
Mykol. 30:
Danske Agaricaceer:
of
NORWAY:
—
10.V.
of this dark variant.
from the
Ceska
Known
1965, Huijsman.
The collection from the Netherlands differs in
the collections
Cernier,
SWITZERLAND:
differences with the
description
a
in
Abies, and
Europe.
Noord-Brabant, Dorst,
prov.
Jura, Martignat, 17.VI.1953, Piane.
E:
Huijsman (pers. comm.)
to
and
completely
microscopical
not
23.V.
with Picea,
in Northwestern
rare
May-June.
—
La Chaux
26.V. 1958, Huijsman', Rochefort,
(almost)
C
N
Associated
trees.
very
NETHERLANDS:
—
F
—
29.VI. 1985
Le
Europe (Jura),
Netherlands.
EXAMINED.
Jansen 85-105.
coniferous
Under
—
in Central
common
9(35):
69.
26.
45.
non
I.
Beller
1976.
1976.
crocifolia
Herink
1954.
1978.
1979
(nom.
nov.
for
I. croceifolia Beller,
non
160
P
e
r
so
i A—Suppl.
on
3,
Vol.
1986
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. FLOCCULOSA
1.
Lamellae when
1.
Lamellae
almost whitish
young
pale greyish-brownish
or
or
pale
ochraceous
var.
Lamellae
citrine-yellow
2.
Lamellae
orange-red
1.
448.
with Art.
2.
The
only
The
p.
)
Art.
72.
by
Note
varieties
look
of the
identical
in
the
under
p.
163
165
Persoonia
(in
in
concurrence
their
macroscopical
As
microscope.
difference between these three taxa, they
of
I do
9,
Hohn.
pluteoides
I.
17.X.1906, FH) represents
not
want
(Austria,
there
here the
given
are
Niederosterreich,
albino variant of this
an
confer taxonomic
to
found
this
at
C. Bas
6.X.1981,
value upon
Inocybe fulvidula
—
subtigrina
Kiihner
flocculosus
A.
non
Velen.
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
Inocybe
eutheles
—
sensu
Inocybe lucifuga
sensu
Inocybe
Konr.
R.
&
these
explained
albinistic variants.
Oost-
(IJsselmeerpolders,
and
flocculosa
var.
As
crocifolia
var.
M.,
cordae
Velen.
Inocybe
—
Inocybe gausapata Kiihner
mycol. 12(48):
Docs
P.
Karst. in
2:
Fung.
Inocybe:
Genre
—
127-130
Figs.
Inocybe
—
Velen.
in
sensu
Ic. sel.
—
rohlenae
—
Inocybe
Bon & Beller.
Reumaux
trivialis
Heim,
DC.: Fr.
Inocybe dentifera
—
Inocybe langei var. heterosporoides
flocculosa
var.
Inocybe geraniolens M.
—
Both
7800).
Wienerwald,
species.
locality.
Agaricus flocculosus Berk.,
pi.
('1982')
6.
Acta Soc. Sci.
101.
fenn,
1888.
1930.
1931; sensu Stangl
201.
1983.
16: 521.
&
Veselsky
in
Ceska
Mykol.
15. 1973.
Inocybe abjecta
sensu
Lange,
J.
Fl.
agar.
Inocybe deglubens sensu
J.
Lange,
Fl.
Inocybe pallidipes
J.
Lange,
Fl.
sensu
SELECTED ICONES.
Inocybe:
54
(as
I.
&
or
113D
but
(as
mm,
&
1931
I.
M.,
(as
I.
pallidipes).
1980.
—
R.
agar.
Ic.
sel.
3: 73.
3: 77.
1938.
dan.
3: 74.
1938.
Fung.
lucifuga).
1938.
—
2:
Alessio,
Phillips, Paddest.
ochraceous,
fibrils
not
diverging,
not
persisting,
at
margin
ventricose
whitish
to
or
not, rather broadly
pale
not
exceptionally
L
greyish-brownish
101.
Schimm.:
to
convex,
=
to
or
25-60,
1
=
for
1-3,
a
soon
soon
pi.
pi.
—
Heim,
R.
IllC,
53
(as
112D
I.
Genre
(as
I.
gausapata)
spreading, finally applanate,
straight, brown, pale brown,
margin
at
centre, oFfen excoriate
more
appressedly fibrillose
sometimes present,
long time
moderately
ochraceous,
29:
3:
1981.
velipellis
narrowly adnate,
pale
dan.
especially
towards
persisting
eutheles).
I.
agar.
152.
when young,
rimulose;
(as
1930
FL
Iconogr. mycol.
fibrillose-squamulose,
margin
(sub)tomentose. Lamellae,
pi.
Lange,
J.
—
when young conico-convex
to
1938.
dan.
becoming recurvately squamulose-squarrose,
indistinct,
less
Konr.
dan.
agar.
without umbo, with inflexed
ochraceous brown
and
—
1-4.
subtigrina).
Pileus 7-58
with
f.
13,
pi.
deglubens)
&
ferruginea,
Vuure
I.C.B.N,
different
strikingly
completely
62.1. I. flocculosa
27:
&
Kuyper
1
This albino variant has also been found in the Netherlands
Velen.
p.
160
variety.
holotypus
Flevoland, Revebos,
were
crocifolia,
var.
var
introduced
was
bring
to
almost
are
character
Pressbaum,
on
these
they
one
rank of
order
p.
46.
Although
characters,
is
saffran-yellow
to
flocculosa,
coloured.
to red-brown
(-»
arrow
in
1985)
brighter
much
young
2.
Notes:
12:
when
and
pileus
crowded, 2-6
sometimes almost
free,
finally yellow-brown
but
than
mm
when
to
rather
more
or
broad,
young
olivaceous
K
Figs.
127-130. Inocybe flocculosa.
from Huijsman
20.X.1955;
129.
U
—
from
Y
P
E
r:
Inocybe
in
Europe
I
Spores, pleurocystidia (127.
holotype
of
I.
pluteoides;
161
\
from
130.
from
neotype
of I.
holotype
flocculosa;
of I.
128.
geraniolens).
162
P
brown; edge fimbriate
base
on
at
age,
pruinose
O
O
or
4.5-6.0
x
(12—)13—22
walled, with
sublageniform
/urn,
3.0(—3.5)
to
up
colourless, crystalliferous
at
in
on
pm,
specimens.
young
a
rather
narrow
HABITAT
similar
to
apex,
abundant.
in Europe and
similar
mixed with
1.5-2.0, Q
=
almost
exceptionally
8-10
x
4-spored.
pm,
but sometimes
stipe,
almost
downwards with
hairs.
trees
rather calcareous soil.
on
Pinus.
and
Widespread
in the
Netherlands, especially
the
not
subutriform, thick-
or
cauloparacystidia,
caulocystidioid
in
Common
not
age,
pleurocystidia, frequent.
to
Populus, Alnus, Quercus, Fagus, Picea,
North America.
Q
pm,
but
26-34
Basidia
l/4th of
to
with
so
Pleurocystidia (46—)48—82(—87)
frondose and coniferous
Under
5.0-5.7
x
apex.
frequent. Cheilocystidia
cheilocystidia,
Associated with Betula, Salix,
sometimes
spermatic-acidulous,
yellow wall,
bright
to
of rather differentiated
zone
& DISTRIBUTION:
but
1 /4th),
to
clavate (at
to
pale brownish buff
or
sometimes subfusiform
lageniform,
thick, pale
pm
to
equal
mm,
Smell
8.5-9.6
average
Caulocystidia only present in apical part, descending
completely absent,
2-8
smell.
as
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
Paracystidia
x
longitudinally white-fibrillose, only indistinctly
sometimes indistinct. Taste
(7.5—)8.0—10.5
12-75
1.6-1.8, smooth, subamygdaliform, with (sub)conical
=
1986
hairy-pruinose (descending
more
downwards
3,
Vol.
becoming pale ochraceous
young,
white-tomentose. Cortina present
Spores
A—Suppl.
I
N
subflocculose, white. Stipe
to
pruinose
apex
under lens,
Pelargonium-like,
x
S
10 mm), solid, white when
to
base
R
E
IJsselmeer-
polders. May-Nov.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kuyper
D
r
1965
e
h
t
n
e:
—
N
23.X.1981,
&
Beilen,
2300; Nieuweroord,
X.
2.X.
ETHERLAND
Kuyper
1992;
s:
1978, Huijsman; Diever,
1979, Booy;
G
prov.
1
e
i
r
d
e
r
1
a
s
1
a
Veth
Terschelling, 20.X.1981,
d:
n
Jansen
Huijsman; Havelte,
Nunspeet,
d:
n
e
29.VIII.1982,
24.IX. 1952,
11.X.1947, Huijsman; Wageningen, 13.V.1957,
3.X.1947 &
F
prov.
Weststellingwerf,
82.158
27.IX. 1958, Bas
15.IX.1971,
deKleuver71.046;\ Jsselmeerpolder s: Voorsterbos, 18.1XA982,Kuyper 2226,
1 ,XA9%\,
2374 &
Kuyper 1895; Bremerberg,
1.VIII.1981, Kuyper
22.IX.1984, Tjallingii-Beukers; Houtribbos,
28. VI11.1982,
Kuyper 1602, 4.X.1981, Jansen, 9.X.1981, Kuyper 1906,
29.X.1983,
11.IX.1980,Kuyper
1605,
13.VIII.
Utrecht,
23.IX.
1431,
Amstelveen, 21.VII.1960,
8.IX.
Huijsman,
21.X.
Leiden, 21.VII.1954,
1980, Kuyper
531;
Bas
23.VII.1981,
Z
e
1
e
a
n
Kuyper
1629;
1.XI.
Bas
1646
&
Maas
AUSTRIA:
Huijsman
12.X.1936
—
Mnichovice,
(lectotype
of
..
England:
mihi, K).
2493
—
of
I.
'
var.
1 .IX.
var.
of
Tavastia
1975,
Bon
heterosporoides, .
r
24.VIII.1977, Huijsman; Eifel,
o
—
..
Bas
7765
u
d
1
-H
Namur,
L
i
m
herb.
-
Kuyper
b
u
a
n
1511
Kuyper
d:
&
prov.
Breda, X.1936,
6.IX.1954,
2172;
26.X.
Bas
Voldertal,
7.X.1977,
,
2141;
Gronsveld,
g:
r
der
van
Velenovsky (holotype of
.
,
1
2311; Walcheren, 30.X.1936,
1668; Tegelen,
Voneche,
1915,
1
o
7.X.1980, Kuyper
2.IX.1982,
&
6.IX.1982,
VIII.
Z
prov.
Noord-Brabant:
prov.
v
I.
1958,
591.
—
8.IX.1967,
Laan.
—
cordae,. PRC);
dentifera, PRM); Mnichovice, IX.1937,"" Velenovsky
(holotype
Fechtner
of I.
of
rohlenae, PRM).
Doubs,,
geraniolens,
„
Reumaux).
,
—
—
......
,
material
FRANCE:
of I.
d
r
Geesleranus
Maas
Agaricus flocculosus,, neotype, design.
australis, Tammela, Mustiala, Runkomaki, 11.IX.1878,
H).
.
(holotype
,
o
19.X.1982, Kuyper 2302; Voorschoten,
2010 &
prov.
I.
754;
Arnolds
N
prov.
1984, Kuyper 2670; Egmond,
Oostvoorne,
..
trivialis,.
2.XI.
23.X.1982, Kuyper
Wood, 6.X.1840 (authentic
FINLAND:
(as I. deglubens
langei
prov.
„
Hornstock
10148 &
5.VIII.1981, Kuyper
Bohemia,
. Radotln,.
71.097;
Castricum, 23.X.1955,
Ulje;
Libochovicky, V.1916,
_ _
fulvidula,, PRM);
.
,
Somme, Creuse,,
*
&
1702;
15.X.1941, Velenovsky (holotype
I.
Spijk,
120; Velsen, 13.XI.1962, Bas 2914; Vogelenzang,
6.XI.1982,
28.V.1981,
BELGIUM:
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
1981,
VII.
Tjallingii-Beukers;
Bunnik, 26.IX.1972,
8i24.XA9i\, Kuyper 1991\
Achenkirch,
near
;
Waveren
1937, Huijsman;
12766,
Achenwald
5.VII.1984,
de Kleuver 71.096 &
Geesleranus
1972, Huijsman
19.IX.
Geesleranus
Tirol,
67.201.
&
van
4.XI.1981, Kuyper
Huijsman; Terneuzen, 26.VIII.1981, Kuyper
Huijsman; Wouw,
1566, 8.
1565&
1931, 11.VI.1983, Tjallingii-
1927 &
Utrecht:
prov.
Winden
van
1544
Wassenaar,
Haamstede,
d:
Kits
Oegstgeest,
19.X.1982, Kuyper 2304; Rockanje,
1980, Kuyper
1922,
Tjallingii-Beukers,
1954, Maas
23.IX.1982, Kuyper 2249; Laren, 6.V.1973,
28. XA951,
1907,
1981, Vellinga 409; Veenendaal, 6.XI. 1971,
1982, Kuyper 2251,
Kuyper 2134; Jagersveld, 16.VI.1981,
1.XI.
1441, 8.IX.1983, Kuyper 2375; Visvijverbos, 7.VII.1981, Kuyper
1438 &
1981, Jansen, 30.XI.1983, Jansen;
22.IX.
Holland:
10851,
4.XI.1983,
Hebing,
1428,
Abbert,
de
1660, 5.X.1981, Kuyper 1887, 8.IX. 1983,Kuyper
Kuyper 1592; Revebos,6.X.1981,Kuyper 1897; Roggebotzand,
Beukers,
prov.
1561\ Vorden,
Koopmans; Winterswijk,
&
;
1982, Kuyper
16.X.
Lougres,
herb.
„
.
20.X. 1955,
,
Karslen
Huijsman;,
dpt.
Bon); Ardennes, Semuy (holotype
GERMANY:
Teutoburgerwald, Melle,
Gerolstein, Papenkaule, 23.IX.1980, Kuyper
1470,
1471
&
1473.
—
K
SCOTLAND:
S w
i T
z
Brocchi',
E
R L
Vaud,
Kt.
1.
Notes:
have tried
Ceska
(in
These
Perthshire,
CO.
A N
Kt.
D:
arrive
species
at
31:
Mykol.
found
In
to
15-27.
far
I
reason
to
now
Slender forms
2.
(Batsch)
1977)
rather
is
and
species
of this
several
complex.
asserted that 5 different
J. Lange, but
accepted
(in
Persoonia
reduce I.
margin
be
lageniform pleurocystidia.
12:
&
could be
species
as
ecological
both characters
their
reason
of the
completion
overrated
the
account
on
of I.
pileus
Veselsky
recognised.
considered I.
I
1985)
as
showed
that
flocculosa.
resemble I.
pileus often
of their somewhat
is somewhat
flocculosa
dentifera
manuscript,
taxonomic criterion.
a
the synonymy of I.
in
tinges
separated
The
385.
after the
was
dentifera in
yellowish
can
mycologists
Stangl
and these additional collections
attention,
—
1984,
here.
not
pileal
2430.
27. IX.
2524.
variable
species. However,
my
with
Kuyper
Ticino, Morgala,
Kt.
variable and without correlation. For that
more
complex
came
1984, Kuyper
a
24.IX.1983,
1984, Kuyper 2561\
19.IX.
differ in spore-form (length/breadth-ratio) and
to
appendiculate-dentate
For that
is
163
I
Rannoch,
of
Wood
Europe
in
failed to confirm their results
my observations
an autonomous
material
more
7.IX.
Inocybe
r:
satisfactory taxonomy
a
publication
previous
a
represent
the
be
to
of this
taxonomy
Bex,
sur
said
were
e
p
Black
Inocybe flocculosa
to
y
Luzern, Willisau,
Les Plans
preference. However,
were
u
auricoma
larger, distinctly
squamulose
more
too.
3. A variant with
I.
name
abjecta
Kiihner (in
a
(P.
Karst.)
Bull. Soc. Nat.
Sacc.,
the critical
status
better
for
characters
time
the
recognised
62.2. I.
as
flocculosa
Inocybe crocifolia
SELECTED
Pileus
young,
ICON.
12-42
then
being.
an
—
Beller
mm,
However,
more
rar.
conico-convex,
with
or
material
8:
123.
Ic. col.
flocculosa.
not
are
crowded,
2-4
mm
broad,
adnate, orange-yellow
sometimes
with
concolorous.
'ongitudinally
Pruinose
Taste
at
in
not
a
Stipe
not
to
rather
11:
pi. 86,
to
almost
brown
f.
1.
(as
1979
stat.
faint olivaceous
18-60
x
2-4
slightly
or
more
apex,
sometimes more
distinct.
ochraceous
to
I.
equal
Y
to
hairy-pruinose.
or
8/8],
L
are
131
Fig.
—
more
Cortina
at
margin
=
1-3,
age
more
not
present
in
[7.5
velipellis,
not
radially
moderately
to
narrowly
ochraceous-yellow,
indistinctly fimbriate,
bulbous, solid,
orange-ochraceous
orange-yellow in stipe.
when
brown
of
because
moderately broadly
with
7/6, 6/4-6/6]; edge
or
inflexed
greyish-tinged
30-40, 1
=
slightly clavate,
pale ochraceous
yellow
they
aurantiifolia).
greyish-tinged
subventricose,
YR 7/6, 7/8,
tinge [2.5
mm,
white-fibrillose over
pileus,
[7.5
nov.
with margin
applanate,
distinct. Lamellae,
ventricose
when young
overlap
some
indicate that
might
lomentose to subsquamulose around centre, outwards coarsely fibrillose,
indistinct
As
given independent
(basionym).
1954
4/3, 4/4-6, 5/4], outwards slightly paler and
hmulose; velipellis
and
1938)
Beller
umbo,
convex
without
misapplied
73.
form.
Inocybe aurantiifolia
Fung.
var.
such variants
3:
Such variants also possess
1955).
typical
dan.
agar.
(Herink) Kuyp., comb. &
Ceska Mykol.
—
M. Bon in
straight,
than
(Fl.
79.
(Suppl.):
observed,
crocifolia
in
9
cystidia
be
autonomous
var.
Herink
Inocybe croceifolia
can
by Lange
e.g.
Oyonnax
somewhat smaller spores and
in
has been described under the
well-developed velipellis
young
at
first
background,
specimens. Context
Smell, faint,
subspermatic.
164
_
Q
P
Spores 8.0-11.0(-12.0)
1.7-1.9, smooth,
=
(13—) 14—22(—26)
thick-walled,
rather
to
with
pyriform,
locystidia
HABITAT
so
4.5-6.0(-6.5)
up
to
2.0
on
&
extreme
stipe
N
a—Suppl.
i
pun, on
similar
a narrow
DISTRIBUTION.
zone
1986
8.7-10.6
4.9-5.7
x
pun,
l/6th of
to
frondose and
at
frequent. Paracystidia
not
x
7-10
stipe,
x
to
coniferous
trees
and Tilia. Apparently
apex,
clavate
4-spored.
yum,
similar
of somewhat differentiated caulocystidioid
Quercus,
51-90
bright yellow wall, crystalliferous
to
1.6-2.1,
=
slenderly fusiform-cylindrical,
abundant. Basidia 23-33
Associated with Picea, Pinus, Fagus,
Q
Pleurocystidia
apex.
more
pleurocystidia,
to
Under
—
3,
(sub)conical
sometimes
descending
to
apex
Vol.
average
with
thick, pale
pm
Cheilocystidia
at
o
subamygdaliform,
thin-walled, colourless,
only
downwards
r
slenderly (sub)lageniform,
pm,
frequent.
x
e
Cau-
cheilocystidia,
hairs.
calcareous soil.
on
(very)
in
rare
Europe,
known from four localities in the Netherlands. June-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
—
NETHERLANDS:
IJsselmeerpolders:
Revebos,
6.X.1981, Kuyper 1892\ Roggebotzand, 29.X.1983, Hebing; Jagersveld, 9.VII.1982, Kuyper 2040\
Noord-Hollan
d:
Velzen,
Berglsteinerwald, 10.IX.1982, Kuyper
Hradiste,
Lougres,
Velka
4.X.1955 &
Notes:
and
Horka,
1953,
2197.
Herink
—
1962, Kits
van
Waveren.
—
A
u
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
(holotype
of I.
crocifolia, PRM).
s
T
R
I
Mlada
—
prov.
Tirol, Kramsach,
A:
Boleslav,
FRANCE:
Mnichovo
dpt. Doubs,
10.X.1955, Huijsman.
1. Forms
more
27.VI.
11. VIII.
growing
slender spores.
under frondose
It
is
trees
generally
doubtful whether this
possess
somewhat
difference is
longer
taxonomically
relevant.
2.
Einhellinger (in
gausapata
with
Ber.
bayer.
lemon-yellow
bot.
Ges.
lamellae. It
52:195.
might
1981) described
well
belong
to
I.
a
form of
flocculosa
I.
var.
crocifolia.
Figs.
131-132.
132. from
Inocybe flocculosa.
holotype of I. crocifolia).
—
Spores,
pleurocystidia (131.
from
holotype
of I.
ferruginea:
K
62.3. I. flocculosa
Inocybe ferruginea
SELECTED
Pileus
ICON.
—
10-25
Docs
M. Bon in
Fung.
conical
vivid
to
at
x
(14—)
16— 19(—21)
walled, with up
Cheilocystidia
colourless,
HABITAT
to
Basidia
about
ICON.
Pileus up
to
20
subfibrillose,
on
margin, with
an
crowded,
4.5
fimbriate,
to
26-31
J.
3
-0
yum
a Pical
descending
HABITAT
or
Salix
with
to
15
—
8-10
x
becoming
to
yum,
Quercus
Q
yum,
1.7-1.9,
=
fusiform
to
4-spored.
and
Q
1.8,
=
utriform, thick-
or
at
apex,
in
frequent.
not
clavate,
Caulocystidia
Pinus.
Known
Conche
J. Favre
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
wiss.
Unters.
—
up
thin-walled,
apical
to
of
part
only
now
11.XI.1977,
verte,
Fig.
from
Stipe
to
25
10.5-12.0
to
3
x
around disc.
mm,
at
rather
equal
N.F.
5: 200.
NatParks,
N.F.
yum,
on
clavate,
sometimes
similar
to
fibrils
not
Lamellae, L
=
a
pale
x
6.6
1-3, moderately
EXAMINED.
—
In the
A
USTRI
SWITZERLAND:
(lectotype
alpine
from the
of I.
Kt.
A:
=
yellowish
yum,
apex.
tending
fusiform,
at
cheilocystidia
zone
Q
and
x
rimulose
ochraceous
subspermatic.
1.6-1.8, Q
=
=
1.7,
42—72(—77)
thick-walled, with up
x
to
pleurocystidia.
4-spored.
with
cauloparacystidia,
associated with Dryas
octopetala,
Stipe
in
yum,
9-11
mixed
to
at
brown; edge
pale
Pleurocystidia
apex. Cheilocystidia similar
25-33
1955
30-35, 1
subconical
to
4.
yellowish tinge,
ochraceous. Smell faint,
11.0
f.
not
stipe.
only
faint
8,
pi.
diverging,
narrowly adnate,
average
indistinctly
with
far
77111102
1955.
5:
somewhat broadened at base,
to
apex. Context
6.0-7.0
x
caulocystidia,
so
Bon
133
NatParks,
schweiz.
with
subsquamulose,
ventricose,
broad,
mm
l/6th of
Favre
somewhat
or
cheilocystidia.
frigidula
velipellis
indistinct
spec. Known
>
subbulbous,
to
Pleurocystidia (54-)56-74(-78)
Paracystidia
scarce.
Vendee, Olonne,
Ergebn.
in
& DISTRIBUTION:
-V1I1.1953
5.1
x
apex.
tending
clavate, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia
COLLECTIONS
2208.
few
a
rather
thick, pale yellow wall, crystalliferous
part
equal
purplish sheen, pruinose
conico-convex, without umbo, brownish with
mm,
age
Ergebn.
in
Favre
cylindrical
Paracystidia
mm,
margin
narrowly adnate,
Bon).
Inocybe
smooth, subamygdaliform,
yum,
2-3
x
broad,
mm
indexed when
towards
fibrillose,
vinaceous
a
9.1
average
subconical
but
Under
—
without reddish tinges, pruinose
20-29
with
FRANCE:
—
herb.
J. Favre
—
whitish.
Spores (10.0-)
on
gm,
l/6th, similar
63.
SELECTED
somewhat
margin
Nov.
ferruginea,
Inocybe frigidula
towards base with
pleurocystidia,
to
COLLECTION EXAMINED.
of I.
132
Fig.
—
1979.
15-30
Stipe
nov.
(basionym).
f. 2.
1-3, 4-5
=
stat.
thick, pale yellow wall, slightly crystalliferous
DISTRIBUTION.
&
type-locality.
(holotype
4.5-5.5
x
yum
similar
frequent.
1978
reddish-orange,
more
25-45, 1
=
(sub)lageniform,
yum,
1.5
to
stipe descending
the
or
red-brown.
subamygdaliform,
to
comb. &
spermatic.
taste
(8.0-)8.5—10.0
Spores
smooth, regular
69.
pi. 86,
11:
165
I
fibrillose. Context concolorous with surface
longitudinally
apex, downwards
paler. Smell and
more
orange-reddish,
so,
Europe
in
umbonate, with
convex,
rimulose. Lamellae, L
indistinctly
Inocybe
r:
Ic. col.
rar.
red-brown
emarginate, orange-red, finally
but only
e
P
mycol. 8(30-31):
M. Bon in
mm,
Y
ferruginea (M. Bon) Kuyp.,
var.
young, then straight,
slightly radially
u
Pinus mugo
Alps. Sept.
Tirol, Pertisau, Plumsjoch,
Graubunden,
Pass
del
frigidula, design. Monthoux
Fuorn,
&
alt.
1700 m,
Murtarol
Kuyper, G).
ll.IX.1982,A iryper
d'Aint,
,
alt.
2500
m,
166
P
Note: The
macroscopical
Easily recognised
Peck.
Alpine
cystidia,
r
so
on
i a—Suppl.
description
is
partly
because of its very broad
variants of I.
differ in
e
having
Fig.
133.
Fig.
Inocybe frigidula.
134.
Inocybe
serotina.
a
—
—
stipe
pruinose
3,
based
cystidia
inodora Velen. (see
that is
Vol.
p.
over
1986
on
Favre
(I.e.).
resembling
171),
another
half-way
Spores, pleurocystidia (from lectotype
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
of I.
to
those of I. serotina
species
with broad
pruinose throughout.
frigidula).
devoniensis).
K
64.
Inocybe
serotina
Peck in
Bull.
N.Y.
Atk. in
Inocybe
P. D. Orton in
Inocybe psammophila
EXCLUDED.
SELECTED
pl.
1111.
ICONES,
patches
conico-convex
mm,
in
Lamellae,
L
almost
free,
34-63
1984.
10,
f.
in
stipe.
sometimes
to
cream
equal
even
subrimose
Smell
with
subobtuse
only slightly
often
also
6.5-8.5(-9.0)
smooth,
when
from
only
up
pm,
to
2.0-3.0
base, rather
as
on
3:
pm
zone
completely
HABITAT
moist
&
DISTRIBUTION.
°nly Ammophila
Europe,
also
coastal dunes,
COLLECTIONS
14.IX. 1954,
arenaria
(and
occurring
once
to
EXAMINED.
oord-Hollan
of
even to
Eraunton
but subterranean part
over
half-way,
somewhat
pileus,
12.6-15.6
below
yellowish-
Taste
smell.
as
6.7-7.9 pm,
x
often
with
thick-walled.
Q
=
suprahilar
a
Pleurocystidia
similar
Cheilocystidia
not
30-46
to
to
gradually
stipe
Salix
at
and
present
mixed
to
with
into
changing
caulocystidioid
an
hairs
subclavate,
reaching half-way stipe.
coniferous
repens, and Pinus,
uncommon
in
trees
in
the Atlantic
coast
Netherlands in
the
dry
sometimes with
but
all?). Widespread along
Not
and
broadly cylindrical
even
4-spored,
pm,
Caulocystidia
cheilocystidia
stipe,
base of
10-15
x
sterigmata.
prov.
F
s,
d, Vogelenzang, 22.X. 1965, Reijnders
van
Bas
3.X.1967,
,
Brummelen
5856 &
,
T.J.
8/6],
part
scarce.
Jsselmeerpolder
, 20.X.1963,
concolorous.
or
the
(July-) Sept.-Nov.
v
Burrows, 3.X.1951,
and
America.
Noordwijkcrhout,.
1961
in
Basidia
similar
NETHERLANDS:
I
2274\ Wassenaar, 11.VII.1972,
,
Populus,
North
—
derPlaals;
greyish-brownish,
balloon-shaped, thick-walled, but
to
very
l/6th
mycorrhizal
not
in
of sand.
submarginately bulbous,
dune-sand under frondose and
with
found inland.
Jansen-van
[J-X. 1981, Kuyper
very narrow
In
—
Associated
places.
developed,
removal
thick, (almost) colourless wall, crystalliferous
absent,
maximally
to
sometimes
after
of Amanita phalloides.
with deformed
descending far downwards,
zone
Y
apical
there differentiated, thick-walled, crystalliferous and
but intermediate
weakly
fimbriate, white
conspicuously
infrequent
then often
descending
velar
slender, rather infrequent. Paracystidia spheropedunculate
more
and
2-spored
whitish
rimulose when
not
finally
young,
average
clavate
with low, broad
broad, (sub)ventricose, adnate
subamygdaliform,
apex,
(broadly)
pm,
with
so,
at
mm
5/4]; edge
mostly
subconical
to
somewhat
or
minority
intermediate
Pas
dan.
agar.
part, smooth around
margin
at
greasy-subviscid
disagreeable-sweetish,
17—33(—37)
X
Y
or
velipellis only
observed. Context whitish
not
1.9-2.2,
=
cauloparacystidia,
Prov. N
vulpinella).
I.
Fl.
around centre, ochraceous
marginal
pale yellowish [2.5
hairy-pruinose
strong,
in
when
velipellis
tinge [2.5
without
subbulbous, sometimes seemingly
to
apical part, exceptionally
2nd
(=
1957
and with scattered
diverging,
not
broadly clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
ev en
17.
Lange,
J.
—
disappearing
or
yellowish-greyish
or
somewhat
Q
Pleurocystidia
a
148:
1931.
velipellis,
1-3, moderately crowded, 3-5
=
mm,
of
fibrils
of sand;
grains
x
depression,
apex,
with
fibrillose. Cortina
(42-)43-69(-80)
but
1.
5/4, 4/4], especially
buried in sand, whitish, then
L7-2.3(-2.5),
to
Matsuda.
1960.
finally applanate,
convex,
because
but
faint olivaceous
white,
indistinctly
•u
YR
[10
rimulose
pale
a
7-10
x
solid, partly
remaining
Spores
but
45-65, 1
=
sometimes with
in
to
velipellis persisting
brown
to
covered
completely
tinged
274.
Medd. Granland
Inocybe: pi.
centre
outwards sericeous-fibrillose,
velipellis distinct,
at
with
half,
outer
[2.5 Y 7/6, 6/6]
Stipe
25.
ammophila Hongo &
I.
non
Soc. 43:
in
Lange
134-136
Figs.
1938.
Pileus 31-44
to
M.
167
I
1904.
mycol. 14(53):
Genre
umbo, almost whitish around
disc,
17.
Europe
—
1918,
mycol.
Trans Br.
sensu
Heim,
R.
—
in
Inocybe
Bot. 5: 210.
Docs
serotina
RI
State Mus. 75:
Amer. J.
M. Bon in
Inocybe
—
P E
serotina Peck
Inocybe
Inocybe ammophila
devoniensis
U Y
Wallace
1746
,
Maas
r
of I.
e
&
1
s
a
d,
Terschelling,
1981, Daams 81.22-,
1 l.X. 1981, Kuyper
.
4.XI.1981, Kuyper
devoniensis, K);
n
4.XI.
Geesteranus
28.X.1981, Kuyper -1994.•
(holotype
i
Almere,
—
co.
I514I",,
2003 &
E N«fl
L
2004 &
A
1943',
prov.
Oostvoorne,
N D:
14.X.1960,
co.
Devon,
Lancastershire, Freshfield,
168
P
3l.X.
1968,
(holotype
Hartman
of
I.
(K).
—
E
R
S
O
O
UNITED
serotina, NYS); Michigan,
N
I a—Suppl.
STATES:
Grand
Vol.
Lake
Haven,
3,
1986
Ontario,
23.IX.
Sadus
1907,
W.T.
Bays, X.1902,
Wallace
Burbank
(holotype
of
cystidia
and
I.
ammophila, CUP).
Notes:
1.
specialised
Figs.
of
I.
Easily
recognisable
habitat. It
135-136. Inocybe
serotina).
because
could, however,
serotina.
—
of great
spores,
be confused with
Spores, pleurocystidia (135.
voluminous
some
from
variants of I.
Kuyper 1994;
136.
inodora,
from
holotype
K
but
the
latter
2.
be
can
development
stipe often
taxonomic
rather
lack
can
significance
with
bulbous
stipe
them
can
of the
remnants
169
I
and in
in several
with thinner wall,
hairs
almost all
As
velipellis.
characters.
with
Specimens
whereas
over,
intermediate
this
to
viscid
a
collections, depending
intermediate zone.
alltogether.
lacking
macroscopical
between the various
attributed
be
to
can
Europe
in
somewhat smaller spores
variable
caulocystidioid
possess
Inocybe
R:
and differentiationof the
Bon is therefore relegated
The
E
P
having
greatly different
stipe
equal
an
Y
strongly rim(ul)ose pileus
a more
serotina is
Inocybe
covering
differs in
species
less broad cystidia,
U
also
I.
the
bulbous
a
with
specimens
cases
and
character,
Stipe
on
no
occur,
psammophila
M.
synonymy.
even
be
to
seem
(greasy)
marginate,
which
velipellis
is
the
as
side
outer
covered
completely
is
covered
with
grains
of sand.
3.
The
white
causes
These
centre.
associated
valleys,
the
velipellis
in
growing
Specimens
which
velipellis,
of
development
determined.
darker colour of the
a
with
Salix
repens,
but
pruinosa
R.
do
partly
a
I.
as
without
devoniensis,
deserve
not
environmentally
weakly
more
pileus (brown)
described
variants, originally
least
at
seems
habitats have
damp
developed
persisting
a
in
occur
dune
taxonomic
autonomous
status.
65.
Inocybe pruinosa
Inocybe
sensu
MISAPPLIED
SELECTED
in
NAME.
D.
—
18-32
not
greasy,
velipellis
tinge
—
Reid
in
white
Fung.
adhering grains
discolouring
Part, under lens
indistinct
no
remnants.
=
2.1-2.5,
Fung.
f.
1,
2.
(as
rar.
7/6, 6/6]
adnate,
3-6
x
to
fibrils
with
L
=
or
to
equal
to
brownish
indistinctly pruinose
on
subbulbous,
upper half
Context whitish in
11.5-17.0
x
pileus
5.0-6.5
and
pm, on
smooth, subamygdaliform,
stipe.
or
more
(broadly)
than 5.0
frequent.
clavate
pm
to
thick,
brown
even
Smell and
Cheilocystidia
fusiform,
sometimes subutriform,
similar
to
to
pale
pleurocystidia,
Pyriform, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
to
x
5/6, with
a
without
broad,
mm
fimbriate,
even to
marginate bulb, solid,
(?),
but
in
middle
pruinosity
disappearing
and
very
leaving
indistinct.
5.5-6.4
pm,
Q
irregular, only
very
x
=
1.9—2.7(—2.8),
with
indistinct
(13—) 14—29(—30)
thick-walled,
with
wall, crystalliferous
rather frequent.
x
subshiny,
rimulose,
almost
base
soon
yellowish
Basidia 28-37
halophila
underneath
6/8, 7/8] especially
taste
slightly
YR
[10
not
but without
average 12.1-15.5
almost colourless
I.
sericeous-smooth,
suprahilar depression, with subcorneal apex. Pleurocystidia (45—)47—71(—77)
Mm,
and
1-3, crowded, 4-6
=
specimens,
sometimes
1972.
with low broad umbo, with
5/3]; edge
[10 YR
yellow
6: 28.
impexa);
I.
lacera).
pruinosa
margin
at
40-55,1
YR
I.
(as
(=
1943
var.
becoming indistinct),
diverging,
greyish-brownish [10
mm,
age
Ic. col.
finally yellowish
not
45.
I. lacera
albidodisca).
I.
sometimes
1975.
Soc. 26:
(=
1931
umbonate
in lower half. Cortina present in young
__Spores (11.0—)
Q
YR
velipellis. Lamellae,
on
ochraceous. Stipe 21-43
in
1972
not
velipellis, (but
fibrillose, but
of sand
29: 70.
mycol.
sensu auct.
17,
45b.
plano-convex,
to
buff [10
radially
pi.
Ic. col. 6:
rar.
D. Reid
sensu
lnocybe: pi.
Genre
Mykol.
Trans. Br.
whitish when young because of thick,
to
(sub)ventricose, narrowly
whitish,
albidodisca
Heim,
Ceska
in
vulpinella);
I.
137-138
Figs.
—
1931.
in
Pears,
(=
1978
mostly persisting
brownish
of 4/4],
R.
A.
Heim
1931.
242.
Veselsky
&
sensu
9: 479.
Inocybe
—
lnocybe:
Stangl
reidii
mm, convex
straight margin,
but
var.
245.
lnocybe:
Genre
Persoonia
ICONES.
respectively).
Genre
Heim,
Inocybe halophila
—
Huijsman
Pileus
R.
albidodisca
EXCLUDED.
Heim,
R.
Inocybe halophila
Inocybe
9-13 /um,
Paracystidia
at
up
to
apex,
clavate
to
4-spored. Caulocystidia
170
PERSOONI a—Suppl.
present,
descending
present in
a
rather
into differentiated,
cauloparacystidia
to
and mixed with
half-way stipe
narrow
apical
similar to
zone,
3,
1986
cauloparacystidia,
cheilocystidia,
even to
base of
stipe
but sometimes
only
downwards gradually changing
thick-walled and crystalliferous
cylindrical,
descending
Vol.
caulocystidioid hairs
and there rather
irregular
and
without
only slightly
thick-walled.
HABITAT
Associated
two
Under coniferous and frondose
—
with Pinus, Picea,
and
localities in the Netherlands
Figs.
from
& DISTRIBUTION.
137-138. Inocybe pruinosa.
holotype
of I.
albidodisca
var.
Quercus.
Widespread
(IJsselmeerpolders).
—
trees
rare
in
on
dry, sandy places.
Europe,
known from
May-Aug.
Spores, pleurocystidia
reidii).
but
(137.
from
neotype
of I.
pruinosa;
138.
K U
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
Y
P
NETHERLANDS:
—
1.VI.1985, Tjallingii-Beukers\ Roggebotzand,
lingii-Beukers.
E
—
var.
G
N
L A
N
reidii, K).
D:
IJsselmeerpolders: Revebos,
Guildford, Blackheath,
22.V.1983, Kuyper
2353 &
171
I
1981\ Kuyper 1612,
Bohemia, Cesky
A:
(herb. Romagnesi),
73.33
Europe
in
1968,
20.VII.
5.VII.1984
Kras,
13.VIII. 1974,
(neotype
2357
2. VIII.
(holotype
Reid
Romagnesi
of
1979,
I.
Klan.
albidodisca
(herb. Romagnesi),
71.164
(herb. Romagnesi),
74.147
pruinosa, design,
of I.
28.VI.1985, Tjal-
&
hore,
Velka
dpt. Manche, Biville, 19.VIII.1971, Romagnesi
FRANCE:
—
1983, Kuyper
18. V.
Surrey,
co.
1973, Romagnesi
31 .V.
8.VII.
CZECHOSLOVAK!
—
Inocybe
r:
E
mihi, L)
Kuyper
&
2360.
Notes:
is only
1
several
with
concur
variant
a
of I.
in
collections
his
Inocybe
Heim's
to
differs
pruinosa
333.
bot.
and
(almost) equal stipe.
Inocybe
resemblance
superficial
broad),
M.
longispora
thick-walled
less
l/10th of its
Velen.,
inodora
Inocybe
albidodisca
Inocybe
canescens
hirtella
Inocybe fulvida
—
Houby:
Ceske
J. Favre
373.
15:
which
74.147)
cor-
I.
bulbosa Peck
in
148:
13.
that
some
(4.5-5.5
spores
is
spores
1957) shows
narrower
stipe
Bull.
(in
larger
cystidia,
pruinose
pm
only
over
subserotina
M.
f. 2.
1930.
Bon
Faroes
in
M.
1: 227.
Bon
&
M. Bon
in
3.
1955.
NatParks,
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
luteophylla
f.
subserotina
139-142
Figs.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
Moller, Fungi
F.
—
1920.
pi. 720,
Soc. Nat.
Ergebn.
in
paupera
var.
var.
Bull.
Inocybe fulvida
Inocybe fulvida
Inocybe
Ergebn.
pi.
ICONES.
Mykol.
65.
1980
Pileus 20-57
pale
sensu D.
of
I.
mm,
ochraceous
on account
29:
(as
or
sensu
in
Schweers
—
wiss. Unters.
Ceska
2 &
sensu
albidodisca
SELECTED
at
Gronland
a
studied
I
N.F. 5: 200.
1955.
1945.
Chevassut
M.
in
Bon &
mycol.
Docs
Chevassut
in
3(11):
27.
1973.
mycol. 3(11):
Docs
1973.
EXCLUDED.
in
American
and
halophila
velipellis.
&
73.33
variously
that I.
halophila.
differs
inodora Velen.
Inocybe
Ktihner in
var.
Inocybe fulvida
27.
but
pleurocystidia
Inocybe fulvida Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Inocybe
prominent
somewhat smaller
Medd.
pruinosa
asserted
length.
66.
Inocybe
I.
North
having
(in
Lange
to
of I.
protologue
in
less
(e.g. Romagnesi
from the
1909)
Torrey
an
Club. 36:
with somewhat
herbarium
that has been
enigmatic species
an
Romagnesi (pers. comm.) who
pruinosa
responded in all respects
2.
has been
Inocybe halophila
1.
interpreted.
Reid
Bres.,
in
Fung.
Iconogr.
rar.
mycol.
N.F.
pi.
(as
87,
f.
2.
var.
1975
Ic. col.
6: 28.
pi. 720,
15:
f.
pi. 6,
1972
f.
2.
—
(I.
queletii).
I.
splendens).
pruinosa).
I.
1930
(as
(=
var.
(as
I.
fulvida).
canescens).
J.
—
Stangl
—
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
Favre
29:
in
Veselsky
&
pi.
64,
f.
albidodisca respectively).
applanate,
with
umbo,
centre
with
tinge; edge
young
1938
broad
campanulate,
convex,
plano-convex
age.
large
around disc, and in young specimens also
Lamellae, L
=
40-45, 1
=
buff when
fimbriate, whitish.
specimens.
indistinctly spermatic.
to
smooth around centre, outwards fibrillose with fibrils often
throughout under lens, but
in
18.
1955
10.
Taste
pruina
rather hard
Context
not
whitish
distinct.
to
or
diverging,
at
margin
1-3, moderately crowded, ventricose,
young,
25—70
Stipe
base, solid, white when young, discolouring with age
absent
3:
splendens
I.
albidodisca).
I.
narrowly adnate, slightly greyish-tinged
olivaceous
(=
brownish, finally brownish ochraceous, with paler, almost whitish
velipellis,
disappearing
5:
Mycol.
1944
subserotina and I.
margin (sub)rimose; velipellis present
but
Rev.
15: 2.
schweiz. NatParks,
fulvida
in
Metrod
Fungus
to
see
pale
x
finally greyish
3.5-10
pale
mm,
ochraceous
especially
in
ochraceous
brown,
equal
to
without
bulbous
at
brownish, pruinose
lower
buff.
l/3rd.
Smell
Cortina
absent
or
172
P
Spores
Q
=
e
r
so
10.5— 13.5(—14.0) x 5.5-7.0
on
i
a—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
1986
10.8-12.6
pm, on average
x
6.0-6.6
pm,
Q
1.8-2.0, smooth, subamygdaliform, sometimes with suprahilar depression,
conical.
Pleurocystidia (46-)47-76(-82) x 15—28(—29)
thick-walled,
wall,
tinged
rocystidia,
Basidia
Figs.
with
not
25-34
to
up
scarcely
pm
at
fusiform
to
utriform,
thick, almost colourless, only
apex,
not
frequent.
very
Cheilocystidia
x
10-12
pm,
4-spored.
inodora.
—
Caulocystidia
Spores, pleurocystidia
descending
(139.
from
to
over
1.7—2.1 (—2.2),
not
indistinctly
lageniform,
faintly yellowishsimilar
frequent. Paracystidia (broadly) clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
139-140. Inocybe
Bresadola).
3.0(-4.0)
crystalliferous
pm,
=
apex
half-way
Romagnesi 68.66;
to
pleu-
frequent.
very
of
140.
stipe
from
K
and
mixed
ferentiated,
descending
HABITAT
in
Europe,
with
cauloparacystidia,
cylindrical
to
even
base of
rather
Y
P
E
Inocybe
r:
similar
subfusiform,
to
to
in
Europe
173
I
cheilocystidia,
thick-waited,
gradually
crystalliferous
changing
into
caulocystidioid
dif-
hairs
stipe.
& DISTRIBUTION.
but
u
Under frondose trees, also in
—
uncommon.
from
Known
two
alpine vegetation. Widespread
localities in
the coastal
dunes of the
Netherlands. June-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
28.VI.1972,
VI.
EXAMINED.
—
1920, Velenovsky (holotype
(holotype
of I.
(holotype
of
Hermes,
X.
var.
fulvida
14.VI.1981,
of I.
Bresadola
subserotina
Inocybe
lectotype
of I.
(as
inodora.
I.
Bas
inodora, PRC).
paupera, C).
var.
1968, Romagnesi
1913,
141-142.
142. from
hirtella
25.VII.
Margone,
Figs.
I.
NETHERLANDS:
5833; Wassenaar,
Bas
68.66
—
f.
—
—
(herb.
Zuid-Holland, Oostvoorne,
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
—
FAROES:
FRANCE:
luteophylla,
Slattaratinde,
Bon);
—
dpt. Oise,
ITALY:
authentic material
Spores, pleurocystidia (141.
from
of I. fulvida,
holotype
19.V.
Foret
prov.
of I.
Bilichov,
5.VIII. 1938, Mtiller
Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer,
herb.
Romagnesi).
hirtella, probably
canescens).
prov.
7782.
de
1973,
Hez,
Rioussel
Mont
de
Alto
Adige, Trento,
S).
N o
—
hirtella var.
R
w
A
Y
paupera;
:
174
P
Hordaland, Ulvik, Finse,
National,
Kt.
Val
Niiglia,
Note:
gations
S
13.VIII. 1985,
O
O
N
broader
Vellinga
774.
3,
1986
SWITZERLAND: Kt.
—
(lectotype
Vol.
of I.
design.
canescens,
1900 m, 9.VIII. 1984, Met 84.103
alt.
spores.
Both
show
might eventually
a—Suppl.
I
inodora differs from I.
Inocybe
and
R
16.VIII. 1949, Favre
Bern, Gemmi-Spittelmatten,
velipellis
E
that
they
better
are
possessing
related and
closely
are
&
Kuyper, G);
(BERN).
R. Heim in
pruinosa
species
Pare
Graubiinden,
Monthoux
regarded
as
a
less distinct
further investi-
varieties
of
one
species.
Specimens
serotina Peck
from the
species
growing
alpine
has
in
coastal
but differ in
zone
could be
Inocybe
Inocybe grammopodia Malen?.
SELECTED
ICON:
Pileus 30-60
Mai. &
mm,
margin, smooth
around
Mai.
&
Bert.,
Fl.
Champ,
Maroc
convex,
centre,
143.
Inocybe grammopodia.
Fig.
144.
Inocybe pseudoreducta.
—
J.
1:
pi.
sup.
Maroc
a
mm
Favre
but
close
to
I.
Specimens
that
latter
143
1:
371.
1970
13. 1970.
to
whitish
applanate, broadly umbonate,
velipellis,
at
somewhat
margin rimulose
to
persisting
distinctly
broad, narrowly adnate to almost free, whitish
brownish
with
somewhat paler edge.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
—
very
cystidia.
stipe.
Fig.
—
outwards radially fibrillose,
greyish argillaceous, finally reddish-tinged
Fig.
frigidula
plano-convex
red-brown, initially with
rimose. Lamellae moderately crowded, 4-6
then
with I.
voluminous
upper l/6th part of the
Bert., Fl. Champ, sup.
to
less
grammopodia Malenç.
campanulate, then
alutaceous red-brown
at
in
spores
macroscopically
are
and
confused
in the
only caulocystidia
67.
sand-dunes
smaller
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
of I.
grammopodia).
pseudoreducta).
Stipe
K
30-60
x
6-10
spicuous,
pruinose
in
apical
swollen
cut
175
I
bulbous
submarginately
to
pruinose throughout,
to
observed. Context whitish
not
more
Europe
in
downwards somewhat paler and
part,
Cortina
Smell when
stipe.
Inocybe
r:
p E
greater part
over
striate.
longitudinally
Y
base somewhat
mm, at
reddish-brownish in
u
spermatic,
less
or
later
under
in
on
15
(to
reddish
mm), solid,
tinges
pruina
less
somewhat brownish
pileus,
fruit-like. Taste
more
con-
conspicuously
slightly
farinaceous.
9.5-11.0(—11.5)
Spores
_
Q
4.5-5.0(-5.5)
x
conical
distinctly
slenderly fusiform,
crystalliferous
Pleurocystidia
apex.
at
descending
HABITAT
and
Note:
The
Related
I.
even
to
smaller
stipe,
more
descending
pleurocystidia.
to
to
wall,
Pa-
4-spored. Caulocystidia
/am,
almost
base of stipe.
to
from the Mediterranean
Ouharrock, 11.V.1952, Malenpon (holotype
rich
P.
—
MISAPPLIED NAME.
SELECTED ICONES.
Fr.
differs
only
pi.
& Bertault
colour
of
M.
at
and
pileus
shows
Lange
extreme
apex
Nat.
Finl.
Inocybe
—
Nat.
10: 209.
Ill
32:
Folk
1889,
48: 210.
Folk
in Broteria
sensu
1821.
257.
Kanned.
Finl.
1980
1:
Figs.
—
145-146.
sambucina
(Fr.:
Fr.) Quel,
in
1872.
non
478.
1879.
laevigata
I.
—
Inocybe laevigata
Velen.
1920.
1912.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
15:
pi.
1930 (=
750.
I.
queletii?);
sensu
(= Inocybe spec.).
Rick., Blatterpilze: pi. 29,
73(Atlas):
in
caulocystidia
(Fr.: Fr.) Quél.
182.
Bidr.
sambucina
147.
it
Inocybe fibrosa sensu Rick., Blatterpilze:
—
—
in
Kanned.
29:
has
species
mycol.
5:
maxima Torrend
Inocybe
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
mycol.
Karst.
Bidr.
Inocybe geophylla var.
EXCLUDED.
that
Montbeliard, ser. II,
Karst. in
Malenfon
length).
Fr., Syst.
Fr.:
from
copied
cystidia. Inocybe longispora
slender
sambucina
Inocybe
sambucinus
P.
but
than l/10th of
Ripartites laevigatus
(P. Kars.)
has been
from which
Heim
more
resemblance,
stipe (less
Agaricus
('1957')
f. 8.
1958.
—
1915
(as
Mos.
&
104.
I.
1915.
fibrosa).
Julich,
—
Bruylants
in
trimest.
Bull,
Basidiomyc.: pi.
Farbatl.
11,
f.
1985.
Pileus 26-45
almost whitish
mm,
to
centre, outwards
not
or
=
radially
not
to
to
fibrillose with fibrils
rather crowded, 3-4
concolorous
way
convex
ochraceous [10 YR 7/6,
without
applanate,
6/6], smooth,
diverging
or
or
with broad, low
or
pale, pale
whitish.
Stipe
marginate, solid,
(almost) all
over
slightly disagreeable.
mm
broad,
not
ventricose
not,
isabella-yellow [10
34-80
whitish
x
or
under lens.
5-8
mm,
with (very)
at
margin indistinctly rimulose
edge
YR-2.5 Y 7/4];
pale
to
L
=
60-80,
subventricose, sinuate,
narrowly
often subbulbous
Context whitish
Taste indistinct.
to
umbo,
sericeous-subtomentose around
rimulose; velipellis present around disc but rather indistinct. Lamellae,
I(—3),
bulb
conico-convex,
pale
adnate, remarkably
to
colourless
1970).
368.
R.
pruinosa
spores and
Mem. Soc. Emul.
1
cylindrical
/um,
cheilocystidia, gradually turning into differ-
to
Azrou,
MOROCCO:
Maroc 1:
68.
2.
—
macroscopical description
sup.
Soc.
similar
8-10
x
with
depression,
thick,
/am
(1.9—)2.0—2.3,
=
grammopodia, MPU).
(Fl. Champ,
of
1.0(—1.5)
to
Under Cedrus and Quercus. Known
—
Q
Nov.
COLLECTION EXAMINED.
of I.
similar
hairs and these hairs
& DISTRIBUTION.
Region. April-May
up
colourless. Basidia 26-33
about half-way stipe,
to
caulocystidioid
/am,
(10—)11—17
x
moderately frequent. Cheilocystidia
apex,
racystidia clavate, thin-walled,
entiated
with
4.9
x
rather distinct suprahilar
(48-)53-67(-70)
thick-walled,
slightly
with
10.4
average
on
/am,
often
smooth, subamygdaliform,
2.1,
=
cream
very
at
minutely fimbriate,
base
(to
tinge, pruinose
pale
cream.
10
mm)
down
to
but
half-
Smell almost nihil
176
Figs.
of I.
Spores
sambucina.
7.5-10.5
3.5-5.0
x
frequent. Paracystidia
not
4-spored.
pm,
cheilocystidia
but
and
HABITAT
western
mixed
with
even
reaching
& DISTRIBUTION.
x
to
up
Bas
3.0
from
146.
EXAMINED.
3.XI.1981,
Jansen
remarkably pale.
stipe,
downwards
cauloparacystidia,
without
similar to
in
pleurocystidia,
Basidia
upper
into
changing
in
cauloparacystidia
22-28
x
7-9
similar
part
to
differentiated
lower half and
base.
—
—
(1.8—)1.9—2.5(—2.6),
apex,
colourless.
upper half of
hairs
=
thick, (almost) colourless wall,
pm
frequent. Cheilocystidia
over
Q
pm,
subconical
Under frondose and coniferous
Pinus,
trees
and Fagus.
Quercus,
NETHERLANDS:
81.360; Hoenderlo,
17.X.
in
northern and
July-Nov.
1573, 23.VIII.1952,
Bas
Brummelen
van
(very) nutrient-poor,
Doetinchem,
Gelderland:
prov.
1970,
on
Widespread
Europe. Rare in the Netherlands and clearly decreasing.
COLLECTIONS
&
81.360;
Jansen
cylindrico-clavate, clavate, broadly fusiform,
VIII.1953, Huijsman; Ede, 23.VII.1953, Ferguson , 5.X.1958,
8971
from
3.8-4.5
with
clavate, thin-walled,
descending
Associated with Picea,
sand.
pm,
rather
at apex,
irregular caulocystidioid
these sometimes
acid
in outline,
14—23(—26)
x
(broadly)
Caulocystidia
somewhat
average 8.4-9.7
on
irregular
subutriform, thick-walled, with
even
scarcely crystalliferous
not or
1986
Spores, pleurocystidia (145.
—
pm,
smooth, slightly
Pleurocystidia (40—)42—71 (—74)
sometimes
3,
Vol.
laevigata).
2.0-2.3,
=
Inocybe
145-146.
holotype
Q
a—Suppl.
Persooni
Maas
Geesteranus
2793; Klarenbeek, 9.X.1966,
4805; Kootwijk, 21.VIII.1952, Huijsman; Rheden, 30.X.1960, Schutte-Apeldoorn; Vorden, 15.X.1953,
Huijsman; Wageningen,
20.IX.
1953, Maas
9.VIII. 1953,
Geesteranus
9512;
Maas
prov.
U
Geesteranus
t
r
Antwerpen, Marienburg, 24.X.1937, Huijsman.
18.IX.
1878,
Black
Lundell
Karsten
Wood
3490
of
2496
(holotype
of
(Fungi
exsiccati
Moser
c
—
h
t,
9429
2426.
—
H).
16.X.1970, Huijsman;
16.IX. 1955, Bas 879.
FINLAND:
Tavasfia
—
S
SWEDEN:
suecici 2315, PC); Femsjo, Kallebo,
70.16
&
Rhenen,
Ripartites laevigatus,
Rannoch, 24.IX.1983, Kuyper
Hagnen, 20.VIII.1970,
e
17.IX.
—
Winterswijk,
B E
L
G
I
U
M:
australis, Tammela, Syrja,
c o T L
A
Smaland:
N D:
1970, Moser
(IB); Mulseryd Socken, Ryd, 2.VIII.1972,
co.
Perthshire,
Femsjo, 21.IX.1943,
Moser
70.242
(IB); Femsjo,
72.149
(IB).
K
69.
Agaricus
Nat.
Agaricus
5: 769.
Fr.,
Inocybe
commutabilis
Inocybe
kuehneri
eutheles
var.
Inocybe
eutheles
var.
Inocybe lucifuga
MISAPPLIED NAME.
mycol.
29:
Pileus
stages
then
10-70
—
Inocybe
f.
152.
mm,
subappendiculate
(as
2.
Fl.
(as
(as
I.
or
in
in
25-100
bulb,
2-8
x
becoming
stipe,
in
mm,
gralla
f.
7.0-9.5
(10—)11—18
as
x
gim,
sublageniform,
pale
to
but
bright
pleurocystidia,
in
upper
to
Fr.
mycol.
134.
1938.
lucifuga
f.
(Fr.) Sacc.,
mutica
100:
Fr.
205.
1984.
100: 206.
1984.
1952.
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.):
Furrer-Ziogas
—
respectively).
21.
1955;
in
Schweiz.
Z.
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
gralla respectively).
then
to
with
all,
at
brown
Phillips,
R.
—
more
small
a
inflexed when
remarkably pale,
of scales
tips
=
almost
white, whitish
pure
fimbriate, whitish
(at
base
11
to
mm),
pinkish tinges
in
especially
and
darker than
of
rest
mm
and
pileus,
broad,
sometimes almost free, yellowish-greyish,
hairy-pruinose,
stipe.
when young,
1-3, thin, crowded, 2-7
=
papilla,
young, often
often excoriate
finally
somewhat
30-50, 1
age,
disappearing
with
even
ochraceous brownish, silky-fibrillose
damage, pruinose
in
margin
plano-convex, in oldest
to
or
fibrillose-subsquamulose,
with
on
convex
umbonate,
often with
whitish,
yellowing
at
over
near
exceptionally
sometimes
half-way,
no
remnants
spermatic,
on
to
pale
even
base
of
conspicuous
stipe.
the
mixed with
but
Stipe
marginate
sometimes
apex,
half,
lower
concolorous.
base white-felted. Cortina
leaving
Smell
or
but without
a
Context
farinaceous
smell.
4.0-5.5
gm,
(slenderly)
never
on
7.8-9.0
average
with
subconical
cylindrical
to
wall,
half-way
there
x
4.5-5.2
apex.
crystalliferous
at
or
mixed
HABITAT
DISTRIBUTION.
x
7-10
(almost)
with
to
gim,
fusiform,
slenderly
—
Under
in North America. Rather
4-spored,
stipe,
frondose
and
in
the
1.6—
=
but
1.9(—2.0), Q
minority tending
a
to
a
3.0(—3.5)
Cheilocystidia
gm
to
thick,
similar
to
thin-walled,
few 2-spored.
Caulocystidia
less similar to
cheilocystidia
in
more
the
shape
in lower half.
coniferous
and Tilia.
=
(53—)54—94(—108)
broadly clavate,
cauloparacystidia
Quercus, Betula,
common
to
more or
cauloparacystidia,
hairs and without
with Picea, Pinus, Fagus,
pyriform
Q
with up
abundant.
apex,
base of
gm,
Pleurocystidia
distinctly lageniform, thick-walled,
caulocystidioid
occurring
Finl.
1983.
Soc. Nat.
112F.
I.
subbulbous
to
turning yellow
yellow
below
30:
Bull.
yellowish brown; edge
to
differentiated
&
Inocybe
—
mycol.
commutabilis
moderately frequent. Paracystidia
half and
Associated
and
of cortina,
with
colourless, frequent. Basidia 26-34
descending
pi.
specimens
to
1.7-1.8, smooth, subamygdaliform,
x
in
(highly) conical,
fibrillose
specimens, finally
sometimes
Spores
Kanned.
1974.
Soc.
Z. Pilzk.
and I.
eutheles
remnants
fistulose,
somewhat
component. Taste
3:
dan.
agar.
observed. Lamellae, L
pale pinkish
young
Bidr.
127. 1952.
trimest. Soc.
Kuhner
umbonate
not
but in lower half often
whitish,
1863.
('1982')
10.
Bull,
Schweiz.
young
equal, clavate
solid, finally
ochraceous,
in
Karst.
1901.
199.
trimest.
Bull,
sensu
28:
emarginate, (narrowly) adnate,
ochraceous
dirty greyish
346.
Z. Pilzk. 30:
12(48):
I.
when young
because of
not,
or
P.
kuehneri).
applanate,
velipellis
no
2:
17: 177.
mycol.
Reumaux in
recurvately squamulose-squarrose,
ventricose
Fr.
Mykol.
lucifuga
I.
1980
1981
radially appressedly
brown;
147-150
1920.
Schweiz.
isabella, isabella, pale greyish ochraceous
later
(Fr.)
sindonia
Sueciae
Ceska
eutheles
Lange,
J.
umbonate
broadly
177
I
225).
—
almost
even
Inocybe
—
374.
in
in
Docs
fusoideicystis
40,
Paddest. Schimm.:
Veselsky
&
IB. 1952
39,
pi.
Europe
in
(Fr.) P. Karst. — Figs.
mycol.
Soc.
Houby:
claricolor Reumaux
p.
SELECTED ICONES.
pi. 1A,
Bull.
gralla Furrer-Ziogas
f.
(see
in
Ceske
Reumaux in
Inocybe
30:
1838.
Furrer-Ziogas
Stangl
Inocybe lepiotoides
Pilzk.
176.
Inocybe
r:
Monogr. Hymenomyc.
cortinata Rolland
eur.
E
1887.
Inocybe uliginosa Velen.,
sensu auct.
P
1879.
muticus
Syll. Fung.
Inocybe
465.
Y
sindonia
Inocybe
Fr., Epicr.:
sindonius
Folk 32:
u
trees
on
Widespread
Netherlands.
Sept.-Dec.
of
strongly
calcareous
in
Europe,
soil.
also
178
P
Figs.
148.
147-150. Inocybe
from
Furrer-Ziogas;
sindonia.
149.
from
E
r
—
so
on
i
a—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
Spores, pleurocystidia (147.
holotype
of I.
kuehneri;
150.
1986
from
from
authentic
holotype
material
of I.
of I.
lepiotoides).
mutica;
K
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
Huijsman; Nieuweroord,
28.X.
23.X.
1915
Huijsman ;
6.X.1981,
U
t
r
Abbert, 31.X.1981,
1917;
h
c
e
1898;
Kuyper
t,
1.1.1985,
Vogelenzang,
„
H
o
1
1
a
19.IX.1954,
11748, 29.IX.1957,
10.XI.1951,
&
12.X.1952,
1644; Gulpen,
Bas
Pertisau, Dristenautal,
5.X. 1982,
Vaux,
(as
&
/.
1
eulheles, K).
—
F
&
of
Bois
de
Vandy,
1
.X. 1982, Bas
Reumaux
Wilicovska
1980,
20.IX.
Parco
80.384
Jacobsberg,
(Fungi
(as
I.
7.IX.
Bas
1974,
van
(in
refer
can
species
been
to
of
Z
prov.
b
m
965,
Bas
u
r
must
Luzern,
Vaud,
o
T
L
A
Black
2444.
—
2316,
an
its
25.IX.
is
very
described
of
A.
application
of the
L
sur
wording
(in
considered
Geesleranus
Halda
7998
Tirol,
AUSTRIA:
—
Tatry,
Nizke
var.
Fond
Stanisovska
var.
28.IX.
Dolina,
Reid
1955,7.X.1955
claricolor,
, herb. Reumaux);
herb.
Reumaux);
GERMANY:
Westfalen,
fusoideicystis,
—
des
Hrabuvka,
Moss, 30.IX.1979,
Boekhout
Adige:
Baselga
stipe
Ferrari
near
79.56;
Pine,
di
Katarzyna,
POLAND: Swieta
—
be
common
by Fries.
As
I
I. kuehneri
makes clear that A.
William,
Bex,
Nevis
Rannoch, 24.IX.1983, Kuyper 2427;
of
Femsjo,
Smaland:
18.IX.1974,
Moser
1979,
Moser
10.IX.
Fries
(authentic
74.447
79.530
material
20.IX.1984,
Jardin
species
Ceska
exs.
5.IX. 1940
&
20.IX.1980,
(IB); Femsjo,
(IB); Uppland,
of A.
muticus, K).
Furrer-Ziogas; Willisau,
alpin, 5.IX.1984, Kuyper
has been
Mykol.
47-48: 8.
Psathyrella
subappendiculate
in
the
it
Femsjo,
see
176.
1838)
&
questioned
205.
2518.
—
the
the
long
a
name
opinion
that A. sindonius
candolleana (Fr.:
very
likely
it
both
above.
that it
between
description
Unfortunately,
Fr.)
However,
described
discrepancies
and
for
1974) the
cited
1956)
cortina.
taxon
seems
any
necessary.
Stangl
28:
dubium. They
suec.
cannot
(Epicr.:
Fort
(as Agaricus pyriodorus).
encountered
around
Inverness-shire,
2318, PC); Femsjo, Dullaberg,
nomen
a
and
co.
SWEDEN:
variant of
unusually pale
name
-
Maas
Bedgebury Pinetum, 29.X.1968,
Santenberg,
910.255.185
epithet sindonius is
abandonment of the
1956,
Namur, Rochefort,
prov.
1861.
D:
Wood
unknown,
Nelikon,
Nannfeldt, Fungi
sindonius
d
Gronsveld, 26.X.1958,
Maas
Moravia, Ostrava,
Alto
Bokeberg,
Sodra
Veselsky
hollow
N
2317 &
Pont-de-Nant
&
be
i
u
26.XI.1961, Jansen;
&
g:
Verschueren.
Grosse
(IB); Fargaryd, Fargan,
(occasionally)
protologue
Fries's
Femsjo,
Persoon
Lundell &
because
characters
have
Kt.
suecici
Laan; locality
Stangl
to
sindonius
could well
this
der
c
1. The correct nomenclature of this
of Lundell
as
S
—
Perthshire;
79.503
Kt.
UNKNOWN: herb.
According
Maire
4753.
co.
lucifuga, IB);
I7.IX.1984, Kuyper 2550;
PROVENANCE
Agaricus
Laan;,
Jansen
Reumaux).
ITALY: prov.
—
prov.
1 .X. 1950
Levico, 25.IX.1981, Kuyper 1834; Trento, Sopramonte, 24.IX.1981,
exsiccati
8.IX. 1979, Moser
SWITZERLAND:
Notes:
Gerolstein,
Eifel:
26.IX.1983, Kuyper
Hermitage,
The
time.
i
L
eutheles
herb.
Jansen;
Amsterdam,
..
Stubbeboda,
—
1955,
of I. eutheles
1822; Trento, Villazzano, 27.IX.1981, Kuyper
Dolina, 11.IX.1966,
19.IX.1943, Lundell
Moser
of I.
lepiotoides,
.
.
of I.
Jansen.
di
Forest, 18.IX.1983, Kuyper 2400;
Inver,
9.XI.
Slovakia,
(holotype
Chiajfi, (holotype
(holotype
- -
7977; Levico,
1816 &
Kuyper
10206,
Jansen, 2.X.1960,
PRM);
1885; Revebos,
29.X.1982,
der
van
..
1982
Heiligenkirchen, 12.IX.1972, Huijsman;
Gerolstein, Felsenhof,
5.X.1981, Kuyper
Noord-Brabant: Dorst,
prov.
ENGLAND:CO. Kent,
-
821;
Schokkerbos,
2479; Voorsterbos, 8.X.1981, Kuyper
BELGIUM:
—
de Kleuver
Schreurs
Altkirch, 4.X.1955, Becker; dpt. Doubs, Lougres,
RANC E:
Reumaux
2185.
18.XI.1951
16.X.197I,
Noordeloos;
&
9132; Maastricht, 26.IX.1951,
kuehneri,
I.
1765.
Sablonniere,
La
3218;
Mirdum,
Oude
Beilen, 2.X.1978,
e:
1957; Schoorl, 7.XI.1981, Kuyper 2020;
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
—
h
16.X.1983,
12.X.1974,
Geesteranus
Geesleranus
1.\X.1956, Huijsman; Boisde Vandy,
Ile-de-France,
Brummelen
van
d:
n
t
1953, Huijsman\ Gorssel,
Zuigerplaspark,
;
8167; Noordervaart, 5.X.1963,
(holotype
1761
12.IX.1981, Kuyper
Maas
Maas
2269.
a
n
Noord-Holland:
prov.
Brummelen
van
1982, Kuyper
6.IX.
Kuyper
Veselsky
19.IX.1971,
1888
Jansen, 2.IX.1960,
Geesleranus
Maas
e
Weerribben, 9.X.1983, Kuyper
1: De
e
1
s
r
Jansen
900; Wouw, 19.IX.1937,//ui/rma«;prov.
TLw
Ginneken,9.X. 1955,
e
D
Winterswijk,
Wieringermeer,
-
Alphen, 26.X.1954,
van
Geesleranus
s
6.X.
13.X. 1983, Kuyper 2478 &
23.X.1965,
Vellinga;
d, Rockanje, 24.X.1970,
n
s
&
Tjallingii-Beukers; Bremerberg,
1970, Huijsman;
19.IX.1951, Reijnders; Bergen,
&
j
i
r
29.X.1974,
5.X.1981, Kuyper
Spijk,
22.X.
Doom,
e
i
r
1983; prov.
6.X.1943
Kuinderbos,
1983, Tjallingii-Beukers; Urkerbos,
&
v
179
I
F
prov.
1981 &
O
prov.
Europe
in
19.IX.1981, Piepenbroek 1232; Ubbergen,
IJsselmeerpolders:
19.XI.
1981,Kuyper
15.X.1953,
Vorden,
71.080 ;
Inocybe
r:
e
Doetinchem,
26.X.1952, Reuvecamp; Lochem,
&
p
1980, Booy;
Gelderland:
prov.
y
NETHERLANDS:
—
29.IX.1972, Stobbe; Terschelling,
2458;
u
And
must
Fries's
above,
means
also
the
the
Veselsky.
sindonius is
only apparently superfluous,
and
180
P
the
is therefore
name
E
R
so
a—Suppl.
i
on
automatically
not
3,
Vol.
1986
with
typified
the
type of A.
pallidus
Sow.
(Art. 7.9).
2.
(in
Reumaux
this
of these characters
of
Soc.
sufficiently
are
and these varieties
too
trimest.
Bull,
varieties for which
in 7
species
given
development of caulocystidioid
4.
is
70.
usually
Inocybe chondrospora
Inocybe immigrans
Inocybe vulpinella
in
Malloch
Bull,
in
Can.
Pileus
ICONES.
12-40
umbo, brown
[5 YR-7.5
—
Inocybe
—
YR
brown, finally
22-74
x
in
mycol.
Mykol.
Bot. 60:
M. Bon
M.
45:
second
40.
in
Mirdum)
half of
September
and
341
('1969')
1970.
1979.
1982.
Docs
Bon
Fr. 85:
163.
in
mycol. 12(46):
mycol.
Docs
2-9
trimest.
(as
8.
1982.
13(50):
27.
(illegitimate,
1983
in
observed.
Medd. Gronland
mycol.
Context whitish
in
17.
pi.
1957.
[rather untypical]
1970
s.n.
umbonate
to
an
arachnoid
Lamellae, L
centre.
1
stipe,
(to
pure
darkening,
to
(dark)
10 mm), solid,
downwards
over.
or
to
adhering
moderately
brown
fimbriate, whitish
bulbous
with
1-3,
=
narrowly adnate, greyish
YR-7.5 YR 5/8],
and
30-50,
without
subsquamose
greyish velipellis
=
or
ochraceous brown
fibrillose-tomentose, appressedly
submarginately
pileus
85:
orange-brown
5/4, 5/6, 4/4]; edge
[5
part
Fr.
applanate, indistinctly
to
covered with
to
148:
*
ventricose, rather
clavate
upper
Soc.
in
Art.
1978.
'
chondrospora).
"
I.
coarsely
brown [10 YR
mm,
Lange
9: 479.
1984
initially
broad,
dark
M.
Bull,
persisting around
this
mm
sensu
Persoonia
brown [5 YR 3/6-2/4], but bulb whitish, pruinose all
not
degree
Figs. 151-153
—
around centre, outwards
4/6, 5/6, 6/6],
orange-brown
or
before the
not
plano-convex
dark brown
and
in
('1983')
3.
convex,
mm,
to
crowded, 5-10
Stipe
J.
Z.
serotina
Bruylants
minutely subsquarrulose,
sand-grains
that
seems
and
Oude
type)
inHoppea41:pl.
Einh.
in
fuscolamellata
Inocybe halophila sensu Huijsman
SELECTED
(prov. Friesland, Gaasterland,
trimest. Soc.
fuscolamellata
var.
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
—
It
stipe
none
splitting,
hairs.
vulpinella Bruylants
Stangl
Einh. &
var.
vulpinella
different
insignificant variants.
to
subdivided
However,
allow taxonomic
to
subtle differences in colour of
appears
Inocybe
Inocybe vulpinella Bruylants
64.1,
has
1984)
latest-fruiting Inocybes.
of the
Inocybe
177.
specimens.
sindonia
Inocybe
one
100:
provisional key.
a
clear-cut
or
reduced
to
3. A collection from the Netherlands
consists of albinistic
provided
constant
consequently
are
much attention has been
Fr.
mycol.
he
yellowbrown.
yellow-brown
near
base
dark
Cortina even in youngest specimens
white in bulb.
Smell absent.
Taste
indistinct.
Spores
Q
=
(11.5-)12.0-18.0(-18.5)
(1.4—)1.5—2.2(—2.3),
apex,
very
Q
at
than 5.0
apex,
gm
frequent.
spheropedunculate
27-46
to
of
x
x
7.0-9.0(-9.5)
1.6-1.9, 'smooth'
thick-walled. Pleurocystidia
clavate, (slenderly) clavate
to more
=
10-16
fusiform,
Cheilocystidia
similar
&
average
on
x
(13—) 14—26(—28)
minority subutriform,
to
to
13.0-16.0
lower
rather
DISTRIBUTION.
—
Under
pleurocystidia,
very
pm,
towards
cylindrico-
pm,
thick-walled,
rather
frequent.
to
base of
stipe,
or
in
irregular; cauloparacystidia
frondose
7.3-8.4
with
up
bright yellow wall, heavily crystalliferous
descending
half often rather
x
minimally angular, subapplanate
clavate, thin- to somewhat thick-walled, colourless
stipe.
HABITAT
a
4-spored. Caulocystidia
in
)tm,
(41-)44-77(-83)
thick, almost colourless
to
yum,
cheilocystidia,
to
to
trees
on
calcareous,
Paracystidia
brownish. Basidia
upper
half similar
present
rather
near
damp
base
soil.
K
Associated with Salix
but
probably
and
overlooked.
U
Y
P
E
r:
Inocybe
Populus. Widespread
Not
common
in
in
Europe
181
I
Europe and North America, rather
in the Netherlands, both in the coastal
rare
dunes and
inland. May-Nov.
Figs.
from
151-153.
Inocybe vulpinella.
Kuyper 1622;
153. from
—
holotype
Spores, pleurocystidia (151.
of I.
chondrospora).
from
isotype
of I.
immigrans;
152.
182
P
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Huijsman
1983,
Ankeveen,
Daams-,
—
1980,
E
—
(isotype
Lelystad,
N
G
L
A
N
D:
8.VIII.
Biville,
border of
a
serotina, C).
Notes:
1.
Variants
—
SWEDEN:
(as
Reid
1
a
d,
n
1953,
Veerse
Bow
Lake,
Vuure; Borkum,
chondrospora, M)
&
26.VIII.
Mistinikon
Lake,
I.
(as
7.IX.
halophila,
F
-
Savoie,
R
A
c E:
N
Annecy,
E R
1980,
K);
co.
dpt.
Griffy,
M A
N
Y:
Murnauer
1979, Einhellinger;
Usedom,
Sandflugtdalen,24.VIII.1946, Lange
1975, Huijsman
& Suber.
somewhat less
generally
are
Mines,
Madawaska
1984, Weeda; Bavaria,
15.VII.
8c
Lake, Watabeag River,
Wallace
21. VII.
1972,
1670
Meer, 20.VII.1981,
Pancake
Haute
25.VI.
Bas
Township,
Powell
devoniensis, K).
I.
Romagnesi);
America
for
that
brightly-
reason
paracystidia
be
can
fuscolamellata
var.
M.
found mixed
Bon
does
not
status.
only
be confused with I. similis
and
Both
scarce.
Bres. The latter
possessing caulocystidia
apex, and less
applanate
an
rather
Woldstrand,
17.VII.1985, Becker,
1375, 4.XI.1958,
Bas
Township,
25.X.
Burrows,
thick-walled, brownish
can
without
Zanen;
van
Amsterdam,
e
&
Europe.
and
variant,
vulpinella
spores
e
McVittie
Uppland, Ranas,
however, differs in being cortinate
moreover,
Z
GREENLAND:
—
from North
deserve formal taxonomic
solely,
van
of I.
Marvanova.
with slightly
typical
18.X.1970,
Zonneveld
van
vulpinella var. fuscolamellata 1983, herb. Bon). —G
ofi
I.
19.VII. \9&5, Jahn &
Specimens
2. Inocybe
4.VII.1984,
82.67 &
prov.
1978, Romagnesi 78.91 (herb.
coloured than those from
the
Braunton
27.X. 1973,
13.VI.1981, Tjallingii-Beukers;
Temiskaming Dist.,
Seahouses, 21.X.1972,
2.VII. 1963,
Ameland,
d:
n
2.VII.1982,
11.XI.1957,
Temiskaming Dist.,
Devon,
co.
Links
Trave,
Heringsdorf,
I.
Oostvoorne,
1966, Einhellinger (holotype
31.V.
Daams
immigrans, L);
of I.
Brolley;
&
Manche,
are,
I
s
168', Muiden, 14.VI.1981,Frencken\ Nederhorst-den-Berg,
20.V.1981, Moenne-Locoz (ho\otype
with
e
Malloch; Temiskaming Dist., McEvoy Township, Lockpot
Malloch
Ross
(as
i
r
Gelderland, Buren,
prov.
Ontario, Hastings Co., Faraday Township,
CANADA:
Malloch
Northumberland,
372
F
prov.
1986
Noord-Holland:
prov.
'
Moor,
1495;
1688; Rockanje, 22.IX.1957, Reijnders;
22.VIII. 1979,
25. VIII.
near
A—Suppl. Vol. 3,
1
Bas
Zuid-Holland:
Bas
1622.
Liibeck,
N
81.14, 9.IX.1982,
Daams
8.IX. 1976, Noordeloos
16.VI.1979,
Buelow.
O
1958,
28. VII.
Tjallingii-Beukers',
prov.
6.XI.1958,
Lake,
O
IJsselmeerpolders:
70.240',
Muiderzand, 30.X.1981,
Kuyper
S
1982, Jansen; Roggebotzand,5.VII.1984, Tjallingii-Beukers', Spijk,
20.VIII.
28. VI.
R
NETHERLANDS:
—
Terschelling,
Laan;
der
van
E
species
seem
in
the
species,
apical part
thick-walled pleurocystidia
have
to
comparable
that
ecological
requirements.
3.
(pers. comm.) recorded
Bas
No
collection..
71.
Inocybe godeyi Gillet
Inocybe godeyi Gillet, Hymenomycetes:
Inocybe
Tab.
Fung. 1;
Inocybe
nec
rickenii
I. rickenii
Inocybe
Gillet
rubescens
anal.
156.
in
cinnabarina
—
Agaricus trinii
MISAPPLIED
SELECTED
in
Hruby
p).
27,
mycol.
f.
3.
29:
1931.
pi. 26,
Schimm.: 148.
—
—
—
f.
1981.
Pilz-
und
in
spores
one
ripe spores.
Fig. 154-155
—
1876.
5:
31.
1883.
Agaricus
—
Krauterfreund
Cooke
rubescens
trinii
70: 276.
trinii
rubescens
var.
(Gillet) Pat.,
4:
1921,
192.
rickenii
I.
non
Killerm.
1925,
Lange,
1980.
—
Pat.,
J.
Fl. agar.
&
mycol.
Lange,
Tab. anal.
sensu
Konr.
1930.
Trans. Br.
sensu
sensu
Inocybe
in
Fl.
Soc. 3:
agar.
Fung.
1:
15:
dan.
M.,
pi.
3:
Ic.
747.
pi.
sel.
(as
1938
Fung.
1909.
3:
76.
156. 1885 (=
1930
112C.
110,
dan.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
J.
1.
Hedwigia
in
rubescens
NAME.
ICONES.
by
in
1931.
Inocybe
var.
517.
mycol.
unripe
some
me
1885.
Kallenb.
R. Heim
Rev.
Inocybe godeyi var. rufescens
EXCLUDED.
dextrinoid wall of
a
dextrinoid reaction has been observed
1:
15:
I.
I.
96.
(=
I.
whitei
f.
whitei).
erubescens).
747.
trinii).
(as
pi.
pi.
1938
I.
—
1930.
R.
Heim,
rickenii).
1926.
—
—
R.
Genre
Inocybe:
Alessio, Iconogr.
Phillips,
Paddest.
K
Pileus
17-50
mm,
subapplanate, with
almost whitish
[5
red
to
or
fibrillose but
fibrils
not
hardly
ventricose
e
r:
creamy buff,
pale
and
not
finally
Lamellae, L
=
40-60, 1
14-70
Stipe
mm),
11
3-6
x
with
observed in young
in
especially
stipe.
Spores 8.5-12.0
smooth,
with up
to
similar
to
colourless,
of
2.0(—2.5)
Figs.
5.5-7.0
/am
to
taste
/am,
over,
at
to
to
bulb
soon
[2.5
Y
at
margin,
velipellis
5/4],
white,
then
discolouring
often
red-brown
to
to
age
around
mm
broad,
then sordid
mixed with
damage.
on
bulb
(sub)marginate
finally
and
orange
but
with
present
initially whitish,
conspicuous
orange-
(to
vinaceous
scarlet-red.
orange-red
Cortina
or
red
not
vinaceous,
with
average
9.3-11.0
(sub)conical
x
5.7-6.5
/am,
Q
=
Pleurocystidia
apex.
1.5-1.9, Q
=
1.5-1.8,
(44-)48-69(-70)
x
broadly fusiform, sometimes tending to subutriform, thick-walled,
colourless wall,
rather
also present
Inocybe godeyi.
cinnabarina).
indistinct
whitish,
damage
5/8], smooth, radially
subrimulose
white, becoming
finally
straight, initially
spermatic.
on
in upper half similalr
154-155.
all
from
5/6,
almost free,
pale brownish
to
frequent.
frequent. Basidia 27-38
not
to
yellow-brown
an
Context
thick,
pleurocystidia,
stipe,
with
pruinose
Smell and
x
slenderly
/am,
cauloparacystidia
of I.
pileus),
specimens.
subamygdaliform,
14—27(—28)
base
base
at
mm,
plano-convex,
1-3, moderately crowded, 2-5
=
subflocculose,
to
white, discolouring
solid,
(concolorous
fimbriate
to
and
YR
[2.5
squamulose, dull;
subventricose, narrowly adnexed
tinges; edge
with age
discolouring
recurvately
even
or
convex
irtflexed when young, soon
vinaceous brown
to
183
I
Europe
in
conico-convex,
margin
greyish brown, finally olivaceous-tinged
red-brown
Inocybc
hardly diverging, exceptionally
or
distinct.
to
p
without umbo, with
becoming subsquamulose
disc but
Y
conico-campanulate,
very
6/8, 5/8]
YR
u
at
—
to
x
crystalliferous
Paracystidia
10-14
/am,
cheilocystidia,
base of
at
apex,
clavate
4-spored.
in
lower
to
frequent. Cheilocystidia
pyriform,
Caulocystidia
half more slender and
stipe.
Spores, pleurocystidia (154.
thin-walled,
descending
from
kuyper
2077
;
to
irregular;
155. from
holotype
184
a—Suppl.
Pebsooni
HABITAT
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Under frondose
—
trees
and Alnus.
Corylus, Carpinus, Betula,
Fagus, Quercus,
3,
Vol.
1986
calcareous soil.
on
in
Widespread
Associated
also
Europe,
with
occurring
in North America. Rare in the Netherlands. June-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
12.VII.1953, Huijsman;
NETHERLANDS:
—
Utrecht,
prov.
Holland, Rockanje, 12.IX.1954,
Z
e
—
1
e
a
d, Axel, 20.VI.1981,
n
BELGIUM:
—
Lougres,
D
E
N
M
A R
K:
Augsburg,
man; Bavaria,
27.VII.1982,
Kuyper
4126.
—
Planeyse,
Kiihner
Inocybe rufotacta
EXCLUDED.
spec.).
—
10.VI.
Bull.
17.IX.
Bas
i
b
u
de
r
g,
8.X.
1980, Noordeloos
1241.
—
5.VIII.1982,
&
of
I.
FRANCE:
Teutoburgerwald, Dissen,
2069
Z
1982, Kuyper
Wald, 1927, Hruby (holotype
Kuyper
Steenderen,
prov.
u
1
d
-
prov.
Gulpen, 12.X.1952, Huijsman.
Nismes,
de
Vries;
18.VIII.1981,Kuyper 1683;
5159 &
m
Foret
GERMANY:
2293.
—
cinnabarina,
dpt. Doubs,
25. VIII.
1977, HuijsPark,
Wittelsbacher
Kuyper
2115.
—
1965, Huijsman; Rochefort-Ducommun, 10.VIII.1965,Huijsman.
furfurea Kühner
Inocybe
Soc. Nat.
Stangl
Inocybe furfurea
—
sensu
in
Schwobel &
L
; prov.
Loscher
1.VIII.1982,
72.
Inocybe furfurea
311
12.VIII. 1972,
Park, 2.VIII.1982, Kuyper 2077; Augsburg,
Siebentisch
2045,
SWITZERLAND:
Meijer
Olloy-sur-Viroin,
Man, Klinteskov,
1956, Huijsman
14. VI.
621, 9.X.1969,
Moravia, Brno,
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
BRNO).
de
Namur,
prov.
Bas
Gelderland,
prov.
Breukelen,
in
sensu
Alessio, Iconogr. mycol.
Oyonnax
Carolinea
Stangl
29:
167.
9
40:
(Suppl.):
9.
Veselsky
&
1980
4.
1955.
1982.
in
Ceska
Mykol.
30:
67.
1976
(= Inocybe
(= Inocybe spec.).
KEY TO THE VARIETIES OF I. FURFUREA
I.
Lamellae
not
1.
Lamellae
becoming
Note: The
elements,
such
a
staining
structure
is
from
damage
red-brown
of the
reminiscent
from
var.
damage, especially
SELECTED ICON.
var.
furfurea,
p.
rufotacta,
p.
of
Sect.
Petiginosae.
186
inflated
colour would
Stipe
184
support
Pileus 9-24
[10
diffracting
mm,
YR
in
30-40, 1
=
furfurea
—
Fig.
156
Stangl &
Endcrle
in
conico-convex,
to
Mitt. Ver. Naturw.
convex
to
almost
blackish brown around
Math.
Ulm
[7.5
116.
1981.
without umbo, with
applanate,
centre
31:
YR 2/3
or even
straight
darker], outwards
3/4, 4/4], smooth and subtomentose around disc, irregularly concentrically
outer
with somewhat
var.
Kiihner
—
margin, dark brown
=
stage
classification.
Inocybe furfurea
L
young
pileipellis of this species, consisting of short and
of that
72.1. I. furfurea
brown
in
part,
and then
diverging fibrils,
at
appressedly
squamose, these
margin radially subrimose;
1-3, moderately crowded,
adnate, whitish when young, then pale
1-3
mm
yellowish
broad,
no
not
sqCfamose patches
velipellis
ventricose,
grey-brown [2.5
Y
fibrillose
observed. Lamellae,
rather
narrowly
5/3]; edge fimbriate,
K
Figs.
from
156-157.
only
all
1-3
x
mm,
of
stipe.
Cortina
base.
at
Smell when
Spores (7.5-)8.0-9.0
x
equal
in
Europe
Pleurocystidia
thick-walled, with
apex,
185
I
holotype
from
of I.
rufotacta;
spermatic.
up
to
1.0
with
subpyriform
/am
x
157.
inconspicuous,
HABITAT
&
thick, colourless
—
Under frondose
and Tilia.
Note:
original
prov.
Bavaria, Augsburg,
no
mention is
description
material,
the abandonment of
L
and
var.
i
m
made of
to
it
b
u
Wittelsbacher
of I. furfurea
15-17. 1955), it is supposed
from fresh
basal
part,
pileus, orange-brownish
4.6-5.0
/urn,
Q
cylindrical
yellowish
to
wall,
=
(1.5-)1.6-1.8(-1.9),
to
indistinctly
to
conical
subfusiform, slightly
scarcely crystalliferous
similar
to
pleurocystidia.
x
8-10
/am,
4-
cheilocystidia, but partly thin-walled
trees
rare
on
in
calcareous
Europe,
soil.
Associated
known from
two
with
localities
July-Sept.
Tjallingii-Beukers\
As
x
Cheilocystidia
Very
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED. —NETHERLANDS:
GERMANY:
solid,
pruinose
cauloparacystidia.
mixed with scattered
Fagus, Quercus, Carpinus, Corylus,
27.IX.1981,
5/6-5/8], pallescent in
whitish in
/am,
to
septum.
without bulb,
clavate, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 26-31
to
DISTRIBUTION.
in the Netherlands.
but
with almost obtuse
spored. Caulocystidia descending to half-way, similar
and rather
base,
recorded.
not
8.2-8.4
(11—)12—19
transverse
a
Taste
subamygdaliform,
to
YR
Context
on average
at
from lower half and then
disappearing
observed.
(55-)57—70(—73)
exceptionally
Paracystidia
cut
swollen
slightly
to
throughout [7.5
not
4.5-5.0 (im,
1.7-1.8, smooth, regular
apex.
at
Inocybe
r:
when young, but pruina
over
whitish
cortex
=
E
Spores, pleurocystidia (156.
half-way, orange brownish
to
almost
24-47
Stipe
pruinose
Q
—
P
Kuyper 1644).
whitish.
in
Inocybe furfurea.
u Y
a
rufotacta.
IJsselmeerpolder
g,
28.VI1.1981,
Neercanne,
Park, 5.VIII.1982, Kuyper
discolouration of the
(Kiihner
be absent.
might
r
well
in Bull.
Soc.
However, this
be
Abbert,
1644.
lamellae
Oyonnax
character needs
that further
de
—
2112.
young
Nat.
s,
Kuyper
investigations
to
9
in
the
(Suppl.):
be assessed
will
result
in
186
P
72.2. I. furfurea
e
r
so
rufotacta
var.
A—Suppl.
I
on
SELECTED ICON.
Pileus (6—)
without
or
10—25(—32)
Stangl
&
Schwobel
centre,
becoming
centre,
Carolinea
in
somewhat
then
1986
40: 9.
Carolinea
towards
paler
radially
40:
1982
10.
finally pellis peeling;
velipellis
(basionym).
absent.
Lamellae
with
than
below
in
pileus,
in
to
almost
more
x
5.0-5.5
subamygdaliform,
(50-)52-59(-62)
colourless
x
pale
to
14-18
smooth
or
in
especially
when
tinge and
but
stipe,
similar
HABITAT
scarce.
to
COLLECTION
not
any
mm,
somewhat
paler
apical
part,
on
fibrillose. Context
upper l/3rd.
Smell faint,
The
x
5.2
/im,
Q
indistinctly
crystalliferous
x
8-11
/xm,
—
clavate
4-spored.
at
1.6-1.7, Q
=
subconical
with up
apex.
trees.
1.7, smooth,
Pleurocystidia
1.0(—1.5)
Cheilocystidia
gm
EXAMINED.
—
Caulocystidia
descending
Associated with
Baden-Wiirttemberg,
GERMANY:
of I.
macroscopical
Quercus
to
73. Inocybe
Inocybe albomarginata Velen.,
Inocybe
reducta
EXCLUDED.
—
J.
to
and
half-way
Carpinus.
Karlsruhe,
Erzbergerstrasse,
rufotacta, KR).
description
has been
from Schwobel &
copied
(I.e.).
Inocybe ovalispora
thick,
similar
pyriform, thin-walled, colourless,
to
in lower half.
Under frondose
to
=
apex.
type-locality. July.
12.VII. 1980, Scfywobel (holotype
Note:
to
Paracystidia broadly
cheilocystidia, lacking
from the
8.8
average
cylindrical, slightly thick-walled,
gm,
& DISTRIBUTION.
Known only
on
with almost obtuse
Basidia 23-30
(very) frequent.
I.
mm
young,
2-4(-5.5)
x
pruinose
minutely longitudinally
pinkish-brownish,
yellow wall, minutely
pleurocystidia, (very)
of
stipe
to
base almost whitish,
age, at
white
15—30(—35)
distinctly bulbous, red-brown,
not
crowded, 2-3.5
olivaceous
an
especially
appressedly
acidulous.
Spores 8.0-9.5
regular
swollen,
somewhat pallescent with
indistinctly pruinose
whitish
slightly
somewhat
to
pileus,
becoming
greyish
to
longer discolouring from damage; edge fimbriate, whitish. Stipe
cylindrical
subtomentose
moderately
whitish
yellow-brown
age
blackish brown around
and
diffracting,
slightly depressed,
to even
even
margin, initially minutely
narrowly adnate,
from damage red-brown, with
nov.
stat.
1982.
chestnut-brown,
or
concentrically
and
comb. &
Stangl) Kuyp.,
campanulate-convex, finally applanate
mm,
broad, sometimes subventricose,
but
in
Stangl
&
with indistinct umbo, red-brown
around
squamose;
Schwobel
—
3,
157
Fig.
Inocybe rufotacta
&
(Schwöbel
Vol.
Ceske
C.H. Kauffm.
Lange,
albomarginata
in
FI. agar,
Houby:
N.
dan.,
Inocybe albomarginata
379.
Amer. Fl.
taxon.
sensu
Velen.
—
Figs.
Stangl
158-159
1920.
10: 248.
Consp.:
Stangl
&
pseudoreducta).
iv.
1924.
1940.
Veselsky
in
Ceska
Mykol.
36:
223.
1982
(=
Inocybe ovalispora sensu Kuhner in Kiihn. & Romagn., Fl. anal. Champ,
I.
222.
1953 (=
sup.:
tjallingiorum).
SELECTED
ICONES.
Fungus 25: pi. 2,
—
f. 7-8.
J.
Lange,
1955
(as
I.
Fl.
agar.
reducta).
dan.
5:
pi.
200E.
1940
(as
I.
reducta).
—
Huijsman
in
K
Pileus 23-31
with
margin
rimose
of
emarginate, narrowly
base
with
a
L
=
indistinctly
rather
so
on
stipe,
and
lower
=
with
up to
pure
x
to
upper
part,
4.0-5.0
x
to
none
bulb
(to
pm, on
/urn,
to
descending
to
x
similar
pleurocystidia
to
over
half-way
cheilocystidia,
to
almost
more
&
DISTRIBUTION.
base,
irregular
stipe.
HABITAT
to
—
Quercus and Fagus. Widespread
but
more
rare
(very)
to
in
radially
indistinct
broad, ventricose
base of
Y
x
5/4]; edge
3-4
stipe,
mm,
at
brownish
to
but rather
Context whitish
in
Taste indistinct.
4.3-4.7
pm,
x
trees
Europe,
on
also
at
slender,
8-10
scarce
in lower half, but
Under frondose
but
soon
brown
observed.
2-3/
context,
Q
apex.
=
1.4-1,7(-l .8),
Pleurocystidia
somewhatutriform, somewhat thick-walled,
somewhat
or
YR
centre
31-45
with almost obtuse
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, infrequent. Basidia 24-29
similar
not
1.0(-1.5) pm thick, colourless wall, somewhat crystalliferous
Cheilocystidia
of
almost
average 6.8-7.7
fusiform
mm
Stipe
faintly spermatic.
subamygdaliform,
13— 19(—22)
2-7
mm), pale
8
pruinose
or
giving
yellowish-brownish [2.5
concolorous.
or
fibrils,
diverging
moderately crowded,
[5
pale underlying
indistinct,
l/3rd, with white bulb. Cortina
white in bulb. Smell
(10—)
with
or
low, broad umbo,
with
or
reddish brown
paler because of
almost free,
fimbriate, whitish
1.5-1.7, smooth, regular
(41 —)43—67(—70)
1-3,
=
in
187
I
dark
straight,
conspicuous (sub)marginate
__Spores (6.0-)6.5-8.0(-8.5)
Q
then
seemingly
adnate
[7.5 YR 5-6/8], especially
orange
indistinctly
pileus
to
Europe
radially fibrillose,
40-50, 1
hue. Lamellae,
or
even
in
asterospora); velipellis absent
I.
greyish
not,
Inocybe
r:
almost applanate, without
outwards
disc,
e
young,
centre, outwards
(reminiscent
almost
p
to
inflexed when
around
around
tomentose
plano-convex
mm,
slightly
4] especially
u Y
/am,
apex, rather
frequent.
frequent. Paracystidia
4-spored. Caulocystidia
in lower l/3rd, in upper half
cauloparacystidia
calcareous
occurring
soil.
present
at
base
Associated
with
in North America.
Rare
in the Netherlands. June-Oct.
Figs.
158-159.
159. from
Inocybe albomarginata.
holotype
of I.
ovalispora).
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (158.
from
holotype
of I.
reducta;
188
P
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kits
Waveren;
van
13.VIII.1983,
S
O
Kuyper
Baarn,
O
1901
18.VII.1981,
17.VIII.1985, Kuyper 2678',
26.VII.
,
PRC); Moravia, ZaroSice (Lysov),
28.VIII.
of I.
E
Lougres,
G
N
L A
4.IX.
N
D:
co.
Sussex,
1956, Huijsman
Huijsman\ Planeyse,
3.X. 1965,
Note:
Easily
it
glabripes Rick,
pruinose.
is
Inocybe
Glowinski
has
l.Oldenzaal,
e
Huijsman',
(PRM).
28.IX.
12.X.1983, Kuyper
&
2474\
prov.
VIII.1981,
(K).
BOIS
Chabrey,
de
Michigan,
STATES:
1940, Lange
dpt. Doubs,
0stfold,
NORWAY:
—
—
Husmandss-
8.IX.
FRANCE:
—
Jansen.
albomarginata,
Odense,
Holstenskus,
near
Reid
of.I.
Saupsberg,
18.VIII.1961,
Co.,
Washtenaw
Ann
ovalispora, MICH).
marginate
and
bulb,
of
specimens
Kuhner
larger
6.
DENMARK:
—
skov
1971,
UNITED
17.VI.1960,
Gendringen,
Zuid-Holland, Ridderkerk,
1915, Velenovsky (holotype
C); Gerup
differs in
bulb and somewhat
also
2225
prov.
I.
being cortinate and having
amblyspora
larger marginate
a
&
s
s
4.X.1952,
Laan\ IJsselmeerpolders,
der
VIII.
Vacek
unlike small
in
differs
—
of I.
because of
not
j
i
r
SWITZERLAND:
—
Huijsman.
recognised
e
v
25.VI.1957, Huijsman.
&
tVeholt.
Arbor, 4.IX.1912, Kauffman (holotype
Macroscopically
1946,
reducta,
Lodsworth,
4430
29.VII.1985,
Bonegardsparken,
van
691;
Bohemia, Mnichovice,
IX.1938, Lange (holotype
1986
Doetinchem,
1975,
Winden
van
3,
Vol.
18.IX.1982, Kuyper
kolen,
—
a—Suppl.
I
Noord-Brabant, Udenhout,
prov.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
(C).
N
ETHERLAND s:prov. O
83.163; Leuvenum,
8.X. 1981,
Utrecht,
N
R
Gelderland:
prov.
Jansen
Voorsterbos,
—
E
larger
with
spores
asterospora Quel..
equal
an
having
spores.
a
minute spores.
smooth,
smooth
a
Inocybe
that is
stipe
hardly
pileus covering,
Inocybe pseudoreducta
conical
more
and
apex
Stangl
broader
pleurocystidia.
74.
Inocybe amblyspora
Inocybe
Pileus 25-62
a
sometimes with
outwards,
—
greyish tinge
stipe,
not
then
greyish-brownish,
at
all
Fl.
campanulate,
base with
a
L
more
very
Cortina
over.
=
7.5-9.5
x
or
apex.
Paracystidia
spored.
1/4th
at
1
18.
predominantly
(as
shiny
plano-convex
8.2-9.0
not
x
with
thick-walled,
Cheilocystidia
x
descending
to
base
of
cauloparacystidia,
then with
up
to
similar
stipe,
a
rather
narrowly adnate,
Stipe
28-60
x
somewhat reddish
in
cortex
recorded.
4.8-5.1
(12—)
almost
mm), solid, reddish-brownish,
Context whitish, but
Taste
to
disc, hardly fibrillose
and
fimbriate, whitish.
bulb (7-15
1930.
tristis).
ochraceous-tinged brown,
dull
or
Hruby
I.
1-3, crowded, subventricose,
(46-)50-62(-70)
frequent.
with
tristis
becoming
somewhat
brownish; edge
average
I.
1970
13— 18
pm,
pm,
1.0-1.5
to
Q
=
similar
pm
(1.5-)l.6-1.9(-2.0),
to
to
only
thick,
indistinctly
subfusiform
cylindrical,
pleurocystidia,
broadly clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
Caulocystidia
1955.
subamygdaliform, with almost obtuse
to
Pleurocystidia
pi.
3.
non
smooth around
somewhat
subspermatic.
on
1:
or
velipellis,
=
observed.
4.5-5.5 tun,
apex,
of
1970,
and
chestnut-brown
olivaceous
not
subutriform, only slightly
crystalliferous
Maroc
conspicuous marginate
1.7-1.8, smooth, regular
subconical
sup.
(Suppl.):
9
160-161
Figs.
—
1: 404.
spreading
soon
45-60,
=
Smell
pure white in bulb.
Spores
Champ,
because
_
Q
sup. Maroc
radially rimulose,
velipellis. Lamellae,
4-10 mm,
pruinose
Bert.,
Oyonnax
Soc. Nat.
Champ,
large but low umbo,
a
Kühner
amblyspora
Bull.
Fl.
Mai. &
margin
at
in
Bert.,
mm,
with
applanate,
of
Kuhner
tristis Mai. &
SELECTED ICONES.
distinct
Inocybe
colourless
rather
Basidia 22-28
x
cheilocystidia,
but
mostly little differentiated.
wall,
frequent.
7-9
pm,
4-
in lower
K
Figs.
from
160-161.
u
Inocybe amblyspora.
Y
& DISTRIBUTION.
—
tristis
Inocybe
in
Europe
189
I
holotype
from
of I.
tristis;
161.
Associated with Quercus,
trees.
reported from France, Germany, Switzerland, and
rare,
yet found in the Netherlands. May, Aug.-Sept.
not
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
of I.
r:
Under frondose and coniferous
Picea, and Cedrus. Apparently very
Morocco,
E
Spores, pleurocystidia (160.
—
Huijsman).
HABITAT
P
, MPU).
—
—
MOROCCO:
Rif,
SWITZERLAND: Kt.
l'Azib
de
Ktama, 4.V.1958, Malenfon
Neuchatel, Mauborghet,
Foret
de
3365
Vaux,
(holotype
10.IX.
1966,
Huijsman.
Notes:
Soc.
1.
Nat.
The
macroscopical
Oyonnax
sup. Maroc
1: 402.
2. Inocybe
9
(Suppl.):
Stangl
a
amblyspora
however,
1955)
resembles
and
having
cystidia
differences between I.
more
from
copied
Malenfon
&
with
amblyspora
material is needed for
a
(Britz.)
Kiihner (in Bull.
Bertault
Sacc.
smooth spores.
distinctly radially rim(ul)ose pileus
and
been
oblectabilis
I.
but differs in
& Glowinski has broader
bulb. The
18.
(Fl.
Champ,
1970).
macroscopical characters,
Velen. has
has
description
a
very
and smaller spores, I.
thicker wall and
and I.
better
much
in
its
Inocybe albomarginata
a
pseudoreducta
pseudoreducta
somewhat smaller
are
rather
small,
judgement about their taxonomic
status.
I
failed
to
note
Bert, except for the
significance.
any
significant
difference in
well-developed velipellis,
the
protologue
but this character
of I.
rarely
tristis
has
Mai.
&
taxonomic
190
P
Inocybe pseudoreducta Stangl
MISAPPLIED NAME.
Pileus 20-55
a low
with
at
a
pinkish
Cortina
when
free,
conspicuous
tinges
or
whitish
bulb
marginate
in
whitish
30.
1981.
Veselsky
&
144
Fig.
—
young,
in
Mykol.
Ceska
then
36:
223.
1982
plano-convex,
convex to
(16—) 17—22(—24)
x
rather
pleurocystidia,
colourless,
numerous.
but
in lower
scarce
Associated
&
l/3rd, similar
Picea
with
white
bulb,
in
3-7
x
mm,
pinkish-brownish,
or
all
pruinose
of
cortex
on
/im,
fusiform
/am,
8-10
x
to
at
over.
stipe,
pure
and Fagus.
4.9-5.5
x
all
rather
slenderly
or
=
Pleuro-
broadly
to
up
2.5
to
Cheilocystidia
frequent.
clavate,
4-spored. Caulocystidia
/am,
Q
gm,
apex.
ventricose-fusiform, sometimes sub-
to
apex,
cheilocystidia
Under
—
8.1-9.4
average
subamygdaliform, with subconical
frequent. Paracystidia
Basidia 24-29
DISTRIBUTION.
with
part,
pileus, faintly pinkish
greyish-brownish
20-60
Stipe
distinctly lageniform, thick-walleed, with
never
base, mixed with cauloparacystidia
HABITAT
finally
concolorous.
or
rather
broad, (sub)ventricose,
mm
mm), solid, brownish
upper
4.5-5.5(-6.0)
x
7
but
specimens
young
to
pale ochraceous,
or
(12
in
1.6-1.7, smooth,
=
in
present
somewhat acidulous.
or
subutriform,
even
velipellis
thick, almost colourless wall, crystalliferous
near
21:
1-3, moderately crowded,
fimbriate, whitish
Context
7.5—9.5(—10.0)
cystidia (50—)51—70
to
1986
& Glowinski
in Karstenia
conspicuous
most
(1.5—)1.6— 1.9(—2.0), Q
=
young
tinge; edge
white in bulb. Smell spermatic
fusiform
3,
Vol.
conico-convex when
or
45-60,1
=
observed.
not
Spores
I a—Suppl.
N
margin rimulose;
at
olivaceous
base with
with
O
& Glowinski
campanulate
mm,
almost
to
an
O
broad umbo, brown, sometimes more reddish brown, smooth around disc, outwards
indistinct. Lamellae, L
adnate
S
Inocybe albomarginata sensu Stangl
—
fibrillose,
radially
R
Inocybe pseudoreducta Stangl
75.
with
E
somewhat
more
coniferous
trees
/im
similar
thin-walled,
descending
base,
to
irregular, especially
over.
frondose
Apparently
and
Europe,
in
rare
very
calcareous
on
known
not
soil.
from the
Netherlands. July-Sept.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
albomarginata, PRM).
I.
of I.
Monte
Note:
Generoso,
The
of the
1
cystidia
investigated
to
28. IX.
21.VIII.1980
1984, Kuyper
macroscopical
are
yellow
three
&
30.
Bohemia, KarBtejn,
Miiggenbusch,
28.VII.1982,
2.VII.
Glowinski.
—
1980,
1. IX.
1946,
Glowinski
Pilat
(as
(holotype
SWITZERLAND: Kt.
2593.
description
Karstenia 21:
Glowinski (in
Liibeck,
GERMANY:
pseudoreducta, M); ibidem,
Ticino,
&
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
—
—
is
1980).
in alkaline
for
the
but
solution,
collections from the
greater
These authors
part
also
this turned
out
from
that
to
found the
and
type locality,
taken
stated
be
Stangl
the
an
walls
error.
cystidial
wall
be almost colourless.
76.
Inocybe leiocephala
Inocybe
Stuntz in
Inocybe
subbrunnea Kiihner
Inocybe
subbrunnea
SELECTED
ICONES.
Alessio, Iconogr.
Ulm
31:
143.
1981
var.
—
as
I.
29:
&
pi.
Stuntz
Smith & Stuntz in
Bull.
Soc. Nat.
subconicospora
Stangl
mycol.
(all
A.H.
in
leiocephala
47,
subbrunnea).
f.
in
1.
Mycologia
Oyonnax
M. Bon in
Veselsky
Docs
Ceska
1980.
—
Figs.
—
9
162-163
42: 98.
(Suppl.):
6.
mycol. 14(53):
Mykol.
Stangl
29:
&
pi.
1950.
1955.^,
35.
87,
Enderle
f.
in
1984.
4.
1975
Mitt.
[rather atypical]
Ver.
Naturw.
Math
K
Pileus 9-30
u
conico-convex,
mm,
Y
P
E
Inocybe
r:
plano-convex
convex,
tinged
umbonate, brown, often with distinct reddish
smooth and
YR
3/3],
not
diverging, exceptionally
slightly
subrimulose
recurvately subsquamulose; velipellis
L
=
25-45,1
=
YR
Y
stipe.
6/4,
submarginately
6/8], pallescent
Cortina
not
Smell and
smooth, regular
taste
to
x
bulbous, solid,
Context whitish
in
on
pm,
average
subamygdaliform,
sublageniform
sometimes
frequent. Cheilocystidia
but
x
slightly
similar
14-21(-22)
Figs.
162-163.
from
Inocybe leiocephala.
Kuyper 2177).
sometimes
becoming
inconspicuous.
Stipe
bulb
at
x
pm,
so,
12-51
—
x
fibrils
minutely
Lamellae,
5.7-6.2
to
8-11
jum,
Spores, pleurocystidia
equal
in
pm,
of
cortex
Q
=
=
over.
part of
upper
1.5-1.9, Q
to
[5-7.5
part
1.6-1.8,
only indistinctly subconical apex.
broadly
at
mm,
upper
white, pruinose (almost) all
fusiform
thick-walled, with
wall,
4-5
x
in
especially
apex with
to
up
broadly utriform,
to
small
pleurocystidia, frequent. Paracystidia
thin-walled, colourless, frequent. Basidia 26-37
163.
whitish.
9.4-10.4
indistinctly
brown [7.5
fibrillose but
radially
thin and
but
orange-brown,
yellowish-tinged
to
age
dark
or
broad, slightly ventricose, narrowly adnate,
with almost obtuse
(13-)
only
with
(in)distinctly
applanate,
4/4-4/6],
pileus, orange-brown
spermatic.
5.5-6.5
almost
to
[7.5 YR
present
mm
5/4]; edge fimbriate,
Pleurocystidia (45—)53—75(—82)
colourless,
or
and less reddish downwards,
observed.
Spores 9.0-11.0
sometimes
absent
191
I
outwards
disc,
margin,
at
1-3, moderately crowded, 2-4
greyish yellow [2.5
indistinctly
around
greasy
Europe
in
3.0
pm
thick,
calciumcrystals,
pyriform
to
clavate,
4-spored. Caulocystidia descending
(162.
from
holotype
of I.
leiocephala;
192
to
P
of
base
similar
stipe,
r
alpine
zone.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
Tirol, Rosskogel,
2178.
of
alt.
24. VIII.
1.
4.XI.
29.VII.
Inocybe
but the latter
and spores with
Inocybe
1982, Kuyper
Irlet
1948,
24.IX.
have
been
taxonomic
1955
significance
100.
1955
(inval.,
Art.
MISAPPLIED NAME.
222.
f. 7.
Pileus
in
ICONES.
1955
(as
convexus
centro,
griseae,
versus
deinde
Stanisovka
Californie,
Petite
AUSTRIA:
—
1982, Kuyper
6.IX.
Dolina, 12.IX.1981,
IX.
GERMANY:
—
1970,
Bon
Bavaria,
Valangin,
84.149
9.XI.
70299
Augsburg,
1958, Huijs-
(BERN);
Washington,
STATES:
Gemmi-
Mt.
Rainier
leiocephala, WTU).
of I.
resemblance
I.
to
nitidiuscula
different
a
also
close
I.
to
(Britz.)
stipe covering
but
leiocephala,
varies from almost obtuse
occasionally
are
be
given
Docs
(in
differs in
tjallingiorum Kuyp.,
f. brunneola
mycol.
do also
cases
indistinctly
to
in the dunes of West
met
35.
14(53):
occur
and
1984)
for that
conical.
Europe,
as
var.
reason
no
this character difference.
to
J. Favre
nov.
spec.
Ergebn.
in
—
164-166
Figs.
schweiz.
NatParks,
N.F.
schweiz.
NatParks,
N.F.
Champ,
sup.:
wiss. Unters.
34.1).
f.
tenerella
J. Favre
in
34.1).
Inocybe ovalispora
sensu
parte
basali
—
Pleurocystidia
J. Favre
in
Ergebn.
f. tenerella & f. brunneola
vel
applanatus,
marginem
albidus vel
non
Ergebn.
Kiihner
wiss.
Unters.
&
Romagn.,
schweiz.
NatParks,
in Kiihn.
FL. anal.
brunneus
jum,
(39—)41 —59(—62)
crassiparietalia, pariete pallide
basim, cheilocystidiis
vel
x
sicut
Q
ochraceo-brunneus, glaber
=
distincti
in
I.
deinde deorsum
in
vulpinella,
pm,
vulpinella
differt
Lamellae
albido.
pi.
5:
6,
f.
9
&
in
subsquamulosus
adnatae, pallide
Stipes aequalis
media
indistinctus.
vel
clavata
subamygdaliformes,apice
vel
subfusiformia
similia.
vel
sub-
ab I.
Sporae
subobtuso.
subutriformia,
Caulocystidia
sporibus minoribus,
vel
parte croceo-ochraceus,
totus
Cheilocystidia pleurocystidiis
Ab I.
N.F.
vel minute
juventute.
fuscans,
1.4-1.8, laeves, regulares
(13—)14—20(—21)
flava.
similia.
Unters.
brunneae, margine fimbriato,
vel
pallide ochraceus,
5.0-6.0
wiss.
respectively).
rimulosus, velipelle
cupreo-brunneus,
(7.0—)7.5—10.0(—10.5) x
ad
(holotype
1961.
Achenkirch,
near
Tatry,
SWITZERLAND:
much
comes
Bon
by
ochraceo-brunneae
bulbosus, primus
in
1981, Kuyper
1953.
SELECTED
pi. 7,
—
Nizke
UNITED
—
intermediate
Inocybe ovalispora-subbrunnea
5:
Achenwald
Bon).
Rockanje,
Zuid-Holland:
prov.
being cortinate, having
leiocephala
can
Inocybe
Art.
and Dryas
in the coastal
rare
conical apex.
described
(inval.,
Salix retusa,
mugo,
and somewhat smaller spores.
Inocybe ovalispora-subbrunnea
100.
—
shows
differs in
However,
77.
Pinus
North America. Very
2013 & 17.X.
herb.
Stuntz 4739
leiocephala
specie
cystidia
subconicospora.
scarce.
Steingletscher, 16.VIII.1984,Irlet
(BERN).
tjallingiorum Kuyp.
shorter
in
Slovakia,
2058.
Kt. Bern:
84.257
3. The spore apex in I.
5:
cauloparacystidia, sometimes rather
Somme, Quend-les-Pins,
Variants with the latter character
and
1981,Kuyper
subconicospora,
distinctly
a
Quercus,
1982, Kuyper 2165;
dpt.
var.
1968, Huijsman;
Park, Longmire,
Notes.
m, 7.IX.
subbrunnea
Spittelmatten, 5.IX.1984,
having
1986
frondose trees, also with dwarf shrubs
and
NETHERLANDS:
—
FRANCE:
—
I.
1900
Gogginger Waldchen,
man; Arosa,
2.
with
occurring
also
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
—
1763.
(holotype
Sacc.,
3,
Vol.
July-Nov.
4.XI.1981, Kuyper 2008; Oostvoorne,
National
mixed
with Picea,
Europe,
in
dunes in the Netherlands.
Kuyper
a—Suppl.
i
coniferous
Under
—
Associated
octopetala. Widespread
&
on
cheilocystidia,
to
HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION.
2177
so
in lower l/3rd and there less thick-walled and rather
irregular
in the
E
vaccina
descendentia
differt
pileo
K
Figs.
f.
164-166.
tenerella;
Fig.
167.
165.
U Y
Inocybe tjallingiorum.
from
Inocybe
holotype
saponacea.
—
of
I.
P E
—
r:
Inocybe
Spores,
tjallingiorum;
in
Europe
193
I
pleurocystidia (164.
from
I.
166.
from
I.
ovalispora-subbrunnea
ovalispora-subbrunnea
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
saponacea).
f.
brunneola).
194
P
obscuriori
atque sporis
fuscante,
stipite
atque
minoribus,
pleurocystidiis
apice
cum
ab
Etymology:
the
11-32
only
in older
broadly
brown
19-40
3-5
x
but
mm,
then
whitish
at
not
Y
their
&
roseo-tincto,
non
minoribus
9.X.1981, Roggebotzand,
Tjallingii-Beukers, honorary
G.
Mrs
invaluable
not
contributions
dark
10
YR
4/6,
Oost
members
knowledge
the
to
of the
disc,
rather
crowded
YR
when
slightly orange-tinged
brown
[7.5
towards
specimens,
young
not
less distinct
broad, (sub)ventricose,
mm
when young,
whitish
finally ochraceous
concolorous.
or
but without
marginate bulb, solid,
discolouring
in lower
half
half-way [7.5
ochraceous
fluffy,
radially rimulose,
not
vulpinella,
I.
as
5/6, 6/6],
YR
Stipe
whitish
to
and
base
at
4/6-3/4], pruinose throughout, white-felted at base. Cortina
YR
in youngest specimens.
darkening
often
grey
brown
paler, but often
slightly
greasy when moist. Lamellae,
not
fimbriate,
5/4]; edge
young,
in
conspicuous
ochraceous
to
becoming minutely
age
margin
subdistant, 2-5
to
slightly bulbous,
to
on
at
margin
umbonate, with
outwards
5/6],
spreading,
soon
convex,
brown, brown
diverging,
not
or
indistinctly
only
or
straight,
velipellis
10
6/4,
over
apex,
copper-coloured
observed
aequali, apice
stipite fuscante, cystidiis
1902 ,
disappearing alltogether, dull,
never
equal
ochraceous all
stipe,
for
fibrils
moderately
[2.5
pale
not
Kuyper
W.
Tjallingii
F.
4/4,
but
with age;
up
1-3,
=
brown
to
differt
narrowly adnate, sometimes sinuate, pale
to
stipite
differt
subtomentose-smooth around
so,
specimens
1
Dr
Th.
1986
(L).
young, then
sericeous-fibrillose,
30-35,
=
of
3/3, 3/4,
YR
hardly breaking
or
L
[7.5
indistinctly
outwards
Holotypus
3,
Vol.
phaeoleuca
var.
almost applanate,
to
somewhat inflexed when
disc
a—Suppl.
I
leiocephala
I.
Netherlands
honour
N
slightly conico-convex, campanulato-convex
mm,
finally plano-convex
around
O
IJsselmeerpolders.
of the
Pileus
O
Mycological Society,
Netherlands'
mycoflora
S
ab
subobtuso.
in
named
R
splendente
I.
Flevoland, IJsselmcerpolders,
of
E
base.
Context whitish in pileus,
Smell
indistinct
slightly brownish-tinged in
faint, subspermatic.
(very)
or
Taste
indistinct.
Spores (7.0—)7.5—10.0(—10.5)
Q
with
subconical
indistinctly
at
3.0(-4.0)
to
up
rather
apex,
pyriform
descending
mixed with
cheilocystidia,
HABITAT &
Zone.
&
EXAMINED.
1983, 4.~XI.
1902
1983
13.VIII.1985, Vellinga
Graubunden:
material
Note:
obtuse
to
never
of f.
distinctly
leiocephala
—
—
of
(13—) 14—20(—21)
x
&
773 ;
of I.
5.VII. 1984,
Val
8-10
x
yum,
more
4-spored.
irregular than
trees.
and
Stuntz differs in
a
also in
the
Alpine
Gelderland, Wageningen,
Prov.
IJsselmeerpolders,
tjallingiorum, L);
ibidem
Tjallingii-Beukers.
"
(but
other
~
Val
alt.
Foras,
2600
m,
Baisch
"
Norway:
20.VIII.
Bella,
has
but
the
the
almost
same
latter
alt.
colour
different colour of
—
Favre
1985,
(authentic
of
pileus
somewhat
as
I.
"having
larger
stipe and larger
Finse,
~
material
of
f.
1943, Favre (authentic
Met 85.136
differs in
"
SWITZERLAND:
2450 m, 8.VIII.
28.VIII.
species
colourless,
1950,
15.V. 1983,
Hordaland, Ulvik,
""
—
Roggebotzand,
lots), 24.IV.1983,
~
Bern, Gemmi-Spittelmatten,
tjallingiorum
Associated with Pinus,
Europe,
April-Nov.
Botsch,
dal
Kt.
apex
Paracystidia
frequent.
0stfold, Krakeray, Ekheim, 17.VIII.1985, Weholt.
(Kiihner) Kuyp.,
conical
in
Widespread
NETHERLANDS:
Val Tavru and
tenerella, G):
yum,
pale yellow wall, crystalliferous
to
often somewhat
stipe
1.4-1.8,
=
exceptionally
lageniform, thick-walled,
pleurocystidia,
Under coniferous and frondose
Tjallingii-Beukers\
(holotype
Fuorn,
between
Inocybe
phaeoleuca
base, in lower half
Q
yum,
apex,
cauloparacystidia throughout.
28.IX.1981,
9.X.1981, Kuyper
brunneola, G);
to
in the Netherlands.
COLLECTIONS
Kt.
5.2-5.7
x
(39—)41—59(—62)
subutriform,
similar
herbacea, and Dryas octopetala.
rare
10.VII.1980
11.VI.
or
slightly yellowish-tinged
Cheilocystidia
DISTRIBUTION.
Salix
Very
subfusiform
to
7.9-9.7
with almost
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, abundant. Basidia 24-33
to
Caulocystidia
Quercus,
average
Pleurocystidia
apex.
yum thick,
frequent.
on
yum,
subamygdaliform,
to
clavate, but sometimes tending
with
5.0-6.0
x
1.5-1.7, smooth, regular
=
(BERN).
splendens
spores
cystidia.
spores and
var.
with
a
Inocybe
cystidia.
r:
lnocybe
saponacea
Kuyp.,
K
78.
glaberrimus, nitidus,
Pileus
obtectus.
Lamellae
pruinosus
ad
Q
Y P
E
ochraceo-brunneus
pallide olivaceo-luteae,
basim.
brunneus,
vel
Tricholomate
vel subfusiformia
Kevo
vel
Caulocystidia
similia.
Subarctic
Etymology:
Pileus
slightly
velipellis
ad
because
soapy,
Finland
rather hard
thick,
5.0-5.5
subfusiform
to
less
or
clavate,
broadly
caulocystidia
on
pm,
or
HABITAT
slender,
with
at
x
with whitish
5.3
rather
frequent.
=
1973,
Note:
C)
EXAMINED.
Bas 6048
—
(holotype
in lower
Under Betula
certainly
nana
x
8-10
Lapland,
L).
saponacea,
to
the
or
1,5, smooth,
=
(12-)13-18
x
with
to
up
slenderly
4-spored.
on
soapy,
boggy,
/am,
2.5
to
/am
pleu-
clavate
Stipe
to
with
similar
to
rather acid
widespread
in Arctic
regions.
Kevo
Subarctic
Station,
Utsjoki,
species,
/am,
species
more
(Lyngmarksfjeld,
same
60-74
stipe, caulocystidia
and Salix
of I.
belongs
5/6
remnants
Cheilocystidia similar
l/3rd of
FINLAND:
A collection from Greenland
almost
YR
[7.5
appressed
1.4-1.7, Q
frequent. Paracystidia
Basidia 24-32
scarce
Q
gm,
Pleurocystidia
only from the type-locality, but probably
COLLECTION
pm,
cylindracea
Lamellae when
young with
shiny.
Aug.
27. VIII.
5.0-5.5
x
/um,
6048, 27.VIII. 1973,
ochraceous brown
so,
cauloparacystidia.
—
C. Bas
tendency, thick-walled,
not
apex,
utriform,
more
& DISTRIBUTION.
Known
7.5-9.0
(12—)13—18
Stipe subbulbous, pale brown, pruinose
apex.
sublageniform
thin-walled, colourless.
mixed with
8.2
average
with (sub)obtuse
throughout, although
cheilocystidia,
x
Context sordid whitish. Smell rather
strong,
to see.
colourless wall, crystalliferous
rocystidia
soil.
x
subamygdaliform,
cylindrical
60-74
4/4],
somewhat
tinge, then clay-coloured.
yellow
Spores 7.5-9.0
Sporae
saponaceo.
smell.
moderately dark brown [7.5 YR
nearly throughout but
to
peculiar
of its
reminiscent of Tricholoma saponaceum.
regular
albida
subbulbosus, pallide brunneus,
(L).
margin, remarkably smooth,
near
marginem velipelle
versus
Stipes
167
Fig.
basim, cheilocystidiis similia. Holotypus:
umbonate, sometimes prominently
to
olivaceous
pale
descendentia
saponaceus,
convex,
—
sublageniformia, crassiparietalia, parietate incolore. Cheilocystidia pleurocystidiis
Station, Utsjoki, Lapland,
darker]
195
I
nov.
spec.
argillaceae.
dein
sicut in
Odor saponaceus,
Europe
in
1.4-1.7, laeves, regulares, apice (sub)obtuso. Pleurocystidia
=
of
Inocybe
u
near
19.VIII. 1967,
but
is
Lange 67.400,
unfortunately
without
macroscopical annotations.
79.
Inocybe
hirtella
Bres., Fungi
trident.
Inocybe hirtella
1: 52.
Bres.
1881.
amygdalispora
Metrod
in
Bull,
trimest.
Soc.
mycol.
Fr.
72:
129.
1956
(inval.,
Art.
Metrod
in
Bull,
trimest.
Soc.
mycol.
Fr.
72:
123.
1956
(inval.,
36.1).
Inocybe pseudoconfusa
Art.
(=
muricellata).
36.1).
1938
Inocybe
EXCLUDED.
—
Inocybe
hirtella
sensu
J.
Lange,
Fl.
agar.
KEY TO THE VARIETIES
1.
Basidia
4-spored;
spores
on
average
1.
Basidia
2-spored;
spores
on
average
8.2-9.9
x
10.5-12.1
OF
5.2-5.9
x
dan.
3: 78.
I.
I. HIRTELLA
p.
6.2-6.8
pm
var.
hirtella,
p.
var.
bispora,
p.
196
198
196
P
Notes:
1.
E
R
S
O
2. As
authentic material of I.
which
than the
in
is
known
it
should
be
from
borne
Inocybe
hirtella
Inocybe
hirtella
f.
MISAPPLIED NAME.
f.
1.
1930.
Pileus
—
15-31
J.
squarrose.
or
Bres., Fungi
—
Lange,
mm,
Fl.
equal
Lamellae, L
to
=
30-45,1
context
not
I.
bright
with
rather
was
FL.
pi.
f.
=
age
only
inaccurate
cincinnata
I.
(Suppl.):
9
3: 78.
1881.
applanate,
somewhat
(pi. 51),
when
spermatic
x
to
not
Bres.,
cut.
5.0-6.0
Taste
pm,
not
on
at
crystalliferous
Paracystidia
pm,
pyriform
4-spored.
at
to
up
broadly
15:
pi.
becoming recurvately
not or
slightly ventricose,
yellow-brown
whitish.
or
or
20-58
Stipe
brownish
x
3-4
mm,
pale orange-ochraceous
pruinose
average 8.2-9.9
2.0(-2.5)
an
x
under lens
(almost)
to
bitter almonds,
as
strong,
5.2-5.9
indistinct
ptm,
cauloparacystidia
Q
(1.5—) 1.6— 1.9,
=
depression,
cylindrico-clavate, slenderly
thick, colourless
pm
to
gm,
suprahilary
similar
to
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
Caulocystidia descending
but somewhat less thick-walled;
mycol.
YR 6/6, 5/8], fibrillose,
and
hymenium
frequent. Cheilocystidia
apex,
Iconogr.
distinct.
10—16(—20)
to
base,
of
Art.
only indistinctly umbonate,
or
broad,
mm
tinge; edge fimbriate,
Smell
(inval.,
1955
langei).
broadly adnate, greyish
almost whitish
25.
1938
—
excoriating
1-3, crowded, 2-4
Context whitish.
subutriform, thick-walled, with
8-10
1.
(as
1938
1.6-1.8, smooth, subamygdaliform, often with
slightly
dan.
agar.
58,
113F.
to
Oyonnax
Nat.
slightly brownish-tinged yellow [10
conical apex. Pleurocystidia 42-60(-64) x
very
1:
pi.
3:
rather
pallescent
observed.
Spores (7.5—)8.0—10.5
x
Soc.
Lange,
J.
s.
trident.
faint olivaceous
a
downwards
apex,
but of
to
more
depicted
that
four-
Figs. 168-169
—
subbulbous, without marginate bulb, solid, pale yellowish
to
base. Cortina
=
somewhat
was
38),
the
to
36.1)
Bull.
squarrulose, with
even
yellow, finally with
Art.
plano-convex
ochraceous
narrowly adnate, exceptionally
Q
assumed
refers
1881)
Bresadola
praetervisa (pi.
hirtella
var.
in
dan.
agar.
convex,
straight margin,
squamulose
Kiihner
Inocybe langei
—
SELECTED ICONES.
(inval.,
Metrod
tetraspora
26.1).
at
1.
basidium
mind that
of I.
f.
generally
the
I have
lacking,
Bres.
Inocybe pseudoconfusa
with
and is
Italy
in
be
58.
pi.
another
1985).
I. fastigiata (pi. 57)).
79.1. I. hirtella
734,
1:
1920) is probably
379.
to
seems
1986
378.
Houby:
Although
basidia
(cf. 2-spored
this respect
and
hirtella
3,
Vol.
in Persoonia 12.
two-spored variety.
sterigmata,
two
a—Suppl.
I
type illustration (Fungi trident
spored variety,
yellow
N
bubaci Velen. (Ceske
Inocybe
synonym of I. hirtella (see Kuyper
Bresadola's
O
base
of
stipe,
also present
at
to
with
fusiform
pale yellow wall,
pleurocystidia, frequent.
numerous.
similar
base of
to
stipe,
Basidia 25-30
cheilocystidia,
but sometimes
scarce.
HABITAT &
DISTRIBUTION.
—
Under frondose
Fagus, Corylus, and Carpinus. Widespread
in
trees
Europe,
calcareous
on
not
known
yet
soil.
Associated
from the
with
Netherlands.
Sept.-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
Kuyper
PRM).
2283.
—
F
—
EXAMINED.
BANC
Hundsbach,
26.IX.
26.IX.1981, Kuyper
Kuyper
2578.
—
BELGIUM:
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
E:
dpt. Doubs, Lougres,
1980, Kuyper
1847 &
1850.
1490.
—
—
prov.
Namur, Resteigne,
Bohemia, Mnichovice,
26.IX.
1956, Bas
ITALY:
1133.
prov.
SWITZERLAND: Kt.
Alto
—
Bois
de
Resteigne,
X.19^, Velenovsky
G
ERMANY
Adige, Trento,
(as
8.X.
I.
1982,
bubaci,
: Eifel, Gerolstein,
Parco
Gocciadoro,
Bern, Bern, Bremgartenwald, 23.IX.1984,
K
Note:
Inocybe
types, whereas
hirtella
var.
p E
hirtella
var.
bispora
U V
is
more
r:
Inocybe
seems to
in
Europe
prefer
197
I
somewhat
more
commonly foynd in parks and
natural
other
vegetation
anthropogenic
vegetation.
Figs.
169.
of I.
168-171.
from
Inocybe
authentic
amygdalispora).
hirtella.
material
—
of I.
Spores, pleurocystidia (168.
pseudoconfusa;
170. from
from
holotype
Kuyper 1847;
171.
I.
of
hirtella
var.
from authentic
bispora;
material
198
P E
79.2.
I. hirtella
Inocybe amygdalispora
Inocybe
hirtella
Inocybe langei
f.
f.
bispora
SELECTED ICONES.
Paddest.
A
Schimm.:
varietate
11.IX.1961,
hirtella
Pileus 11-54
Fl.
agar.
pale
squarrose,
in young
almost
free,
subbulbous, but
with
of
1
stipe
often
pale
without
context
=
with
when
spermatic
1.6-1.8, smooth,
walled, with
up
x
to
broadly
minority
descending
x
or
base of
at
5.5-7.5
similar
with
to
then
whitish
conspicuous
to
to
of
hymenium
—
1534
1547;
l/3rd.
in
pileus,
in
apex
bitter almonds,
as
to
often
apex
in lower
so
6.2-6.8
x
Q
pm,
=
hirtella.
var.
or
1.5—
but
1,9(—2.0),
papilla,
often
Pleurocystidia
subfusiform, thick-
bright yellow wall, crystalliferous
to
Basidia 27-34
numerous.
longer
than
sterigmata
cheilocystidia
in
x
8-11
at
apex,
but less thick-walled;
2-spored,
pm,
hirtella.
var.
Caulocystidia
cauloparacystidia
and other anthropogenic
parks
Widespread
Quercus, Tilia, Betula, and Populus.
—
N
prov.
s:prov.G
ETHERLAND
, 29.IX.1981, Vellinga
420 ;
Rheden,
Utrecht: Breukelen,
1682 &
e
1
d
121 & 27.IX.
e
1
r
a
19.VIII.1961, Bas
9.X. 1955,
Maas
d:
n
in
Leiden, 22.IX.1950,
2413
(holotype
of I.
12.X.1952,
Maas
1984, Kuyper
2601.
403 &
Geesteranus
—
Geesteranus
var.
N
405;
9120.
DENMARK:
7456,
17.IX.
prov.
L
i
m
1941;
b
u
BELGIUM:
r
g:
prov.
prov.
27.X.1929, Lutjeharms;
11.X.1950
1960,
oord-Braban
—
10765', Harmelen,
1939 &
Maas
bispora, L); Oostvoorne,
1520; Rotterdam,
1519 &
1970,Bas 543/; prov.
Maas
hirtella
21.X.1980, Kuyper
Geesteranus
Overveen,
Europe,
Neerijnen, 14.X.1980,
2365 &
15.X.1981, Kuyper 1952; Utrecht, 13.X.1981, Kuyper
11.IX.1961, Bas
1953, ifoj
1 .X.
at
subspermatic.
to
Under frondose trees, often in
Huijsman; Wouw, 16.X.1938, Huijsman
Nismes,
slightly
equal
mm,
yellowish,
over.
adnate
even
2-5
x
indistinctly
thick-walled than in
to
present
pleurocystidia, moderately frequent. Paracystidia pyriform
Kuyper 1954; Rockanje, 7.X.1980, Kuyper
1645; Gulpen,
pale
(slenderly) clavate, subutriform
pm,
similar
prov. Zuid-Holland:
27. VIII.
finally
18-62
7/
Y
recurvately
velipellis
amygdaliform, often with apical
more
straight,
narrowly
pale yellowish
average 10.5-12.1
to
slightly
even
6/8, 2.5
8/8, 7/8,
yellow-brown,
Stipe
2413,
Bas
soon
young,
less brown;
or
Noord-Holland: Egmond, 23.IX.1982, Kuyper 2236;
7524 &
C.
in the Netherlands. Aug.-Oct.
13.VIII.1981,Kuyper
teranus
Phillips,
R.
—
finally
or
broad, (sub)ventricose,
Smell
tinges.
pm, on
somewhat
stipe,
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
1546 &
36.1).
base of stipe.
not uncommon
1545,
bispora).
then subtomentose-smooth all
but sometimes
thick, pale
pm
YR
[10
more
Context whitish
not
somewhat
& DISTRIBUTION.
1529 &
Art.
(L; isotypus BP, C, GZU,
applanate
concolorous.
over,
orange
habitats. Associated with Fagus,
Kuyper
all
Taste
cut.
3.0(—3.5)
1-spored,
to
(inval.,
1955
f.
indexed when
pileus
mm
or
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
also present
HABITAT
whitish
subamygdaliform
frequent. Cheilocystidia
a
and
yellowish-greyish,
(11 —) 12— 19(—20)
to
langei
I.
the Netherlands
brownish
ochraceous
specimens.
suprahilar depression,
(37-)39-67(-70)
26.
36.1).
Art.
squamulose, often excoriating and becoming
(almost)
pinkish
Spores (9.5—)10.0—13.5
Q
(as
1940
margin
marginate bulb, solid,
youngest
with
170-171
Figs.
(Suppl.):
9
plano-convex,
convex,
to
to
edge fimbriate,
in
199C.
Zuid-Holland,
1-3, crowded, 2-8
=
pink tinges, pruinose
Cortina absent
of
yellow
first
at
olivaceous-tinged;
—
(inval.,
1940
of scales often somewhat darker,
25-45,
=
Oyonnax
102.
pi.
5:
specimens, exceptionally persisting
Lamellae, L
to
tips
dan.
5:
umbonate, with
radially fibrillose
with
nov.
36.1)
Soc. Nat.
prov.
conico-convex,
ochraceous
yellow,
6, 6/6, 6/8],
var.
1986
bisporigeris atque sporibus majoribus. Holotypus:
basidiis
indistinctly
or
3,
Vol.
1981.
differt
mm,
not
a—Suppl.
I
Fl. agar. dan.
H, K, UPS).
depressed,
N
Art.
Bull.
Botanicus, Leiden,
Hortus
O
bispora Kuyp.,
in
Lange,
Lange,
J.
—
151.
O
(inval.,
Kuhner
J.
S
var.
Metrod
bispora
R
t:
Bas
Gees-
16.X.1981,
2197; Wassenaar,
Oisterwijk, 26.X.1947,
Gronsveld, 26.X.1958,
Namur, Nismes,
Fyn, Gelsted, 21.X.1937, Lange (authentic
Foret
Bas
de
material
K
of
I.
langei
vicinity
—
Metrod, PC).
Perthshire,
bispora, C).
f.
France:
Generoso,
muricellata
Inocybe scabelliformis Malen?.
in
Inocybe pholiotinoides Romagn.
Inocybe
scabella
Inocybe
hirtella
Inocybe
scabella
Inocybe
hirtelloides
SELECTED
pi.
754,
Mai.
—
in Mitt.
2.
&
Bert.,
Pileus 7-38
Bres.,
—
around
centre
[10
3:
Soc.
1:
1981
with
YR
78.
absent
velipellis
squarrose.
or
Oyonnax
indistinct,
Lamellae, L
fimbriate
to
mm), but
Oyonnax
730,
pi.
Fl.
=
pi.
17.
(as
I.
or
reddish
all
less
over.
Cortina
apical
part of
but
downwards,
(Suppl.):
9
5.
16:
f.
1.
(as
1970
1930.
dan.
whitish
stipe,
so,
Spores
in
1.5-2.0(-2.1), Q
x
thick-walled, with
=
up
young,
113G.
soon
persisting
and
to
3.0
pm
1938
Caulocystidia
very
&
Smell
white
to
yellow
breaking
mm
descending
to
similar
on
in Europe, also
not
24-32
x
Under
occurring
Quercus,
ochraceous
becoming
margin;
at
recurvately
ventricose
not
5/4-5/6]; edge
subbulbous (8
to
5/6], often mixed
reddish
tinge, pallescent
base, pruinose
at
red
purplish
or
yellowish
bitter almonds
as
8.7-11.3
x
5.5-6.3
apex.
fusiform
gm,
Q
Pleurocystidia
(sub)lageniform,
to
or
pm,
somewhat less
or
with
4-spored,
slightly
but
a
few
slender,
thickened
2-spored.
but often less thick-walled and
cauloparacystidia.
frondose and
margin
greenish yellow wall, crystalliferous
base, resembling cheilocystidia
—
with
not
YR
YR
with conical
pleurocystidia
8-11
16:
hirtella).
distinct.
average
to
eur.
1979.
Enderle
to
broad,
nihil, exceptionally
Taste
/urn,
in lower half, mixed with
DISTRIBUTION.
any
Context either
almost
to
[2.5
I.
and
up
then
pileus
14.
&
rimulose
not
clavate, thin-walledand colourless
Basidia
CO.
ochraceous brown
to
tomentum
cylindrical, (slenderly)
Associated with Picea, Pinus, Cedrus, Fagus,
Widespread
without
with
thick, intensely yellow
frequent.
only pale yellow especially
HABITAT
gm,
D:
Monte
mycol.
(as
Stangl
—
equal, clavate
mm,
red-brown
yellowish
over,
subspermatic.
Cheilocystidia
frequent. Paracystidia pyriform
walls,
or
2-5
apex
1979:
applanate,
to
felty-fibrillose,
1.6-1.9, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
(very) frequent.
brownish
x
at
5.0-6.5(-7.0)
(10-)11-18(-22)
N
auct.
sensu
Arsskrift
scabelliformis).
I.
plano-convex
specimens.
pileus.
when crushed
x
(54—)55—93(—95)
20-59
young
A
1930.
Bres., Iconogr.
—
pi.
3:
1-3, moderately crowded, 2-5
to orange
f. 2.
1955;
211.
without umbo, ochraceous
yellow all
L
1955.
pi. 754,
5/4, 4/4], outwards ochraceous
Stipe
or
observed in
not
only indistinctly
apex,
white.
T
Ticino,
1970.
scabella).
convex,
marginately bulbous, solid,
purplish tinges, pinkish
with lilac
at
1
401.
9(Suppl.):
agar.
sometimes somewhat
20-35,
subflocculose,
never
and
=
=
1:
Goteborgs Svampklubb
margin coarsely
towards
Maroc
sup.
subventricose, rather broadly adnate to almost free, yellow-brown [10
to
in
disc,
O
1979.
2.5 Y
6/6], woolly-felty when
[10 YR 5/6, 5/8, 6/6,
squarrose around
C
Kt.
1938.
in
15:
or
S
—
-
herb.
172-175
Figs.
—
Champ,
Lange,
3.
1492.
(K).
Reid
amygdalispora,
I.
Huijsman.
8: 355.
Nat.
mycol.
—
139.
5/6, 7.5
YR
3:
16.X.1982,
of
SWITZERLAND:
—
Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
& Stridvall
straight,
soon
material
1905.
Fl.
sensu
dan.
Bull.
31:
160.
campanulato-convex,
mm,
inflexed when young,
Chevening Park,
7.IX. 1960,
Bert.,
Maroc
sup.
Math. Ulm
2429.
Bull. Soc. Nat.
Iconogr.
Champ,
Fl.
in
petiginosa).
I.
(as
Ver. Naturw.
in
Jacobson
sensu
199
I
(authentic
2933
Sydowia
Beih.
Fl. agar.
Kiihner
sensu
1930
in
Lange,
J.
sensu
ICONES.
f.
mycol.
Inocybe petiginosa
—
Kent,
CO.
Kuyper
Mai. &
minor Kiihner
var.
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
Europe
in
muricellata Bres.
in Annls
Bres.
Inocybe
r:
; Vaumarcus,
2592
80. Inocybe
Inocybe
e
Eifel, Kyllburg, 26.IX.1980, Kuyper
24.IX. 1983,
1984, Kuyper
28.IX.
p
3.X. 1954, Metrod
GERMANY:
Killiecrankie,
y
ENGLAND:
—
Dijon,
of
u
coniferous
trees
on
calcareous
Corylus, Carpinus, Betula,
in the Mediterranean Region.
soil.
and Alnus.
Rare in the Netherlands.
June-Nov., but April in the Mediterranean Region.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
Huijsman; Doetinchem,
—
2.X.
NETHERLANDS:
1949, Huijsman
&
prov.
9.VIII. 1953
Gelderland: Baak,
Huijsman ;
prov.
15.X.1948,
Zuid-Holland:
200
Persooni
Oegstgeest,
29.VII.1956,
Bas
1052,
13.IX.1954, Bas 638; Wassenaar,
1993;
prov.
L
i
m
b
u
r
g,
Figs.
6.IX.1982,
172-175. Inocybe
holotype
of I.
Bas
1982, Kuyper 2298',
Achenwald
Kuyper
2190;
muricellata.
pholiotinoides;
16.VIII.1960,
12.X.
174. from
—
near
Ischgl,
3,
Vol.
2019
28.VIII.1961,
—
e
e
1
a
AUSTRIA:
Paznauntal,
15.VII.1960,
of I.
scabelliformis;
(172.
175.
23.X.
Tirol:
Rockanje,
1981, Kuyper
Pertisau,
2181 &
Maas
from
from
2380;
Bas
d, Axel,
n
Achenkirch, 6.IX.1982, Kuyper
Spores, pleurocystidia
holotype
1986
&
prov. Z
Gulpen, 12.X.1952, Huijsman.
nautal, 6.IX.1982, Kuyper 2187;
Falzthurntal,
a—Suppl.
2183;
Geesteranus
Kuyper
holotype
2187;
of I.
Driste-
Pertisau,
173.
13155;
from
muricellata).
K U Y
Steiermark, Weizendorf,
et-Auffe,
Doubs, Lougres,
of
pholiotinoides,
I.
(holotype
ibidem, 27.IV.1971,
exsiccali
7415.
—
2307,
14. VIII.
as
Trento,
SWEDEN:
BELGIUM:
Kuyper
16. VIII.
2274.
Eifel,
Namur,
prov.
—
FRANCE:
1954, Romagnesi
dpt.
(authentic
54.135
Gerolstein, Papenkaule,
Alto
Adige: Trento, Desert, 13.VI.1898,
IX.1900
(holotype
1781
(as
I.
petiginosa, S).
Ducommun,
SWITZERLAND:
—
scabelliformis, MPU);
of I.
Uppland, Uppsala, Carolinaparken, 8.VII.1948,
—
Ave-
Park, 1.VII.1982, Kuyper 2076', Augsburg,
Gocciadoro,
Parco
lutescens, PC).
I.
—
201
I
GERMANY:
—
Wittelsbacher
Atlas, Azrou, 20.IV.1948, Malenfon
Bas 5558.
suecici
Huijsman-, Vanel,
Bas
Houyet,l5.X.1982,
ITALY: prov.
—
muricellata, S);
of I.
Middle
MOROCCO:
(Fungi
1978,
Romagnesi).
herb.
1468', Bavaria, Augsburg,
Park, 14.X.1981, Stangl (M).
Siebentisch
6.X.
Europe
in
1955, Huijsman-, dpt. Oise, Lamorlaye,
29.IX.
23.IX.1980, Kuyper
Bresadola
Au,
Johanner
Inocybe
r:
d'Auffe, 3.X.1982, Kuyper 2266',
Fond
material
St
P E
Lundell
14.XI.
1966,
8.IX. 1965,
1960, Huijsman-, Valengin, \4y\\.\95'j, Huijsman-, Villaret, Rochefort,
Huijsman.
Notes:
1.
microscopical
into
two
tinge
the
at
gradual
too.
were
Both variants do
the variant with the reddish
but this character also
The
and
between
the
strongly
of the
structure
of
with
and
this
too
red
much
pinkish
in their
of
apex
material
more
overlap
orange
or
character is
this
more
ecology, although
natural
more
material
microscopical
lilac
or
when
faint
that
somewhat
macroscopical
vegetation,
formal subdivision.
a
is
dependent
These
velipellis.
specimens
a
significantly
pileipellis
the
in
some
show
to
only
indicating
prefer
to
seems
red
However,
found
were
insufficient for
development
purplish
cystidia.
differ
both
subdivide
to
correlated with
Specimens
seem to
stipe
squarrose
and
encountered,
not
proved
macroscopical
specimens
also
possible
stipe
characters
formal subdivision.
apex
variable species
seemed
distinctly
a
spores
microscopical
a
stipe
rather
has
in colour of
smaller
possess
be reliable for
to
a
it
which show
Collections
generally
studied these
was
and
respects,
mainly differing
taxa
characters.
stipe
muricellata is
Inocybe
and
the
on
phenotypical
specimens
tomentose
are
age
of
the
differences
devoid
of
taxonomical importance.
2.
is based
J.
by
on
be
made
possible
that
(Fl.
Lange
dan. 3:
agar.
the
Bres. differs
the
less
stipe
walls.
yellow
bright
Pileus
having
a
squamosa
10-15
Bres.
mm,
ochraceous, almost
description
bitter almonds
smell of bitter
conspicuous
smaller, slenderly
conspicuous
such
in
Inocybe
Atti Accad.
convex,
smooth
then
squamosa Bres.
Rovereto
III,
expanding,
around
8:
129.
often
10-30
x
2-4
mm,
subequal,
—
is
almonds,
cystidia
clavate
reddish
tinges
at
yellowish,
176
Fig.
1902.
umbonate, ochraceous
centre, outwards
concolorous squamules. Lamellae subdistant, sinuate,
Stipe
in the
I. muricellata.
to
shows
several collections
faint smell of
a
possessing
never
smell of bitter almonds.
apex.
81.
Inocybe
It
in
and
a
smell in
for instance
true
where
description definitely refers
Inocybe hirtella
noted
never
mention of this
1938)
78.
being somewhat brighter yellow,
with
I
myself
the
This might be
biased observations.
noted, although
3.
that I
In the collections
might therefore
It
densely
pale
brown;
fibrillose. Context
to
brownish
fibrillose-squamulose,
edge subflocculose,
yellowish.
with
whitish.
Smell and
taste
indistinct.
Spores
(8.5-)9.0-10.0
x
6.5-7.5
pm,
on
average
9.4
x
6.9
pm,
Q
=
(1.2—) 1.3—1.4(—1.5),
202
Fig.
Q
=
Persooni
176.
1.4,
Inocybe
squamosa.
smooth,
—
with
thick-walled,
at
up
2.0-2.5
to
4-spored. Caulocystidia
pm
descending
HABITAT & DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTION
with
EXAMINED.
—
3,
1986
thick, pale
—
to
cylindrical,
pm,
to
Terrestrial. So far
squamosa).
broad.
remarkably
sometimes slenderly
Pleu-
fusiform,
bright yellow wall, slightly crystalliferous
pleurocystidia.
to
base, similar
PORTUGAL:
of I.
conical apex,
indistinctly
16— 18(—21)
Cheilocystidia similar
frequent.
not
apex,
(14—)
x
Vol.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
amygdaliform,
rocystidia (64-)68-77(-78)
a—Suppl.
known
Setubal,
Basidia 27-36
x
9-12
jum,
cheilocystidia.
to
only from
III.1900,
the
Torrend
type
March.
locality.
(holotype
of I.
squamosa,
S).
Note:
its
related
Closely
remarkably
to
relationship
description
hirtelloides
EXCLUDED.
1979:
14.
—
1979 (=
SELECTED
ICON.
I.
muricellata
More material
mediterranean
has been
82.
Inocybe
to
broad spores.
copied
variants
from Bresadola
from
which
of
I.
Stangl
&
Veselsky
in
Ceska
muricellata.
&
28:
211.
—
Fig.
Stangl
&
The
differs
to
in
assess
macroscopical
177
1974.
Stridvall
in
Goteborgs Svampklubb
muricellata).
—
mainly
necessary
(I.e.).
Mykol.
Jacobsson
it
seems
squamosa
Inocybe hirtelloides Stangl & Veselský
Inocybe hirtelloides sensu
I.
Bres.
of I.
Veselsky in Ceska Mykol. 28: pi. 86,
f. 5.
1974.
Arsskrift
K
Pileus
10—25(—30)
bonate,
mm
Stipe
to
10—25(—35)
x
on
2-4
towards
even
age,
equal
mm,
or
margin
margin
at
Pelargonium
,
never as
x
to
wax-yellow,
in lower 1 /3rd. Context whitish
Spores 8.0-10.5
=
Inocybc
r:
brownish, sometimes with
bulb, solid, pale yellow
of
p E
to
soon
not
a
thick-walled,
with
colourless.
distinctly
up
radially
finally plano-convex,
smooth,
fibrillose,
umnot
rimulose. Lamellae crowded, 3-4
pale greyish
young
with whitish bulb,
subtly
or
yellowish-greyish,
whitish.
tinge; edge fimbriate,
pruinose
an
all
indistinctly marginate
over,
but
only indistinctly
pale yellowish. Smell faint, slightly acidulous, reminiscent
average
on
/um,
2.0
to
8.6-9.4
Basidia 26-31
partly
/um
7-9
x
/am,
with
bifid
/am,
almost
thick,
cheilocystidia,
x
sometimes with
pleurocystidia,
to
different from
irregular-flexuose,
expanding,
bitter almonds.
5.0-5.5
similar
203
I
faint olivaceous
Pleurocystidia 42—55(—56) x (12—) 13— 18(—19)
Cheilocystidia
Europe
subbulbous, sometimes with
1.6-1.8, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
apex.
in
straw-bellow,
broad, subventricose, narrowly adnate, when
then ochraceous
so
Y
conico-campanulate,
mm,
ochraceous-yellow,
becoming squamulose
U
rather
jam,
colourless
wall,
Caulocystidia
cylindrical,
only
at
Q
(broadly) fusiform,
1.5—1.9(—2.0), Q
=
48-76
x
apex of
clavate,
descending
8—13(— 15)
stipe
with
also
conical
fusiform-clavate,
to
crystalliferous
frequent. Paracystidia
4-spored.
apex;
5.1-5.2
suprahilar depression,
at
almost
/am,
apex.
thin-walled,
to
base,
often somewhat
cheilocystidioid
cau-
locystidia observed.
HABITAT
&
DISTRIBUTION.
—
Associated
with
Tilia.
Known
only
from
type-locality.
the
June-
Aug.
COLLECTIONS
GERMANY:
EXAMINED.
Slangl (holotypc
of
I.
Bavaria,
Augsburg,
hirtelloides, PRM), 28.VI.1978, 8.VII.1978,
Wittelsbacher
15.VII.1979
&
17. V 1.1971,.1971,
Park,
14.VIII.1981, Stangl
(M).
Note:
I
(I.e.).
rather
Fig.
The
have
short,
177.
macroscopical
restricted
the
colourless
Inocybe
hirtelloides.
description
circumscription
pleurocystidia
—
has
and
been
of this
copied
from
species
to
dissimilar
Stangl
those
&
Veselsky
specimens
caulocystidia.
Spores, pleurocystidia, caulocystidia (from holotype
with
Several other
of I.
hirtelloides).
204
P
mentioned by
collections,
but
better referred
are
with
and
yellow wall
EXCLUDED.
—
R.
Mitteleur.
1:
Pileus
pi.
18-31
ochraceous
in
especially
but
fibrils
to
3.
young,
Heim,
mm,
then
Genre
not
Fig.
178.
Fig.
179.
to
this
species
lageniform cystidia
178
Fig.
—
1931.
335.
diverging,
broad,
greyish
buff
convex
to
FL.
dan.
agar.
16,
f.
3:
3.
78.
1931.
1938
—
(=
I.
Stangl
hirtella
in
Beitr.
var.
hirtella).
Kenntn.
Pilze
or
not
or
sometimes
only
indistinctly umbonate,
more
not
rimulose,
with age
sometimes
or
brown
stipe.
[2.5
Y 6/2-6/3,
concolorous.
with
Smell
all
to
—
Stipe
age
over,
indistinct
Spores, pleurocystidia
Inocybe pelargonium.
—
towards
7/6,
becoming minutely
with
but
to
but
14-30
a
x
faint
only
=
35-50, 1
narrowly adnate, greyish
somewhat
3-5
yellowish
indistinctly
more
equal
mm,
or
so
to
(from Kuyper 2191).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from Kuyper 2086).
=
1-3,
when
greyish];
submar-
orange
tinge,
in lower l/3rd.
somewhat spermatic, especially
subspermatic.
Inocybe langei.
tending
present but rather indistinct. Lamellae, L
greyish
fimbriate, whitish
and
applanate,
ventricose, rather broadly
not
to
to
5/6, 6/6,
subtomentose around centre, outwards radially fibrillose
margin
at
YR
definitely reddish-tinged, pruinose
Taste
belong
not
of their
account
R. Heim
Inocybe: pi.
yellow [10
part], smooth
Context whitish in pileus
cut.
do
(I.e.)
on
1986
caulocystidia.
ginately bulbous, solid, almost whitish,
but
Bres.
Lange,
J.
conico-convex,
ochraceous
mm
edge minutely
Inocybe:
sensu
squamulose; velipellis absent
crowded, 2-3
Veselsky
3,
Vol.
1984.
outer
not
&
Inocybe langei
Genre
R.
A—Suppl.
on i
cheilocystidioid
Heim,
—
so
Stangl
Inocybe langei
SELECTEDICONES.
r
I. muricellata
to
83.
Inocybe langei
e
when
K
Spores (6.0-)6.5-7.5(-8.0)
_
Q
(45-)46-67(-70)
walled, with
up
2.0
pleurocystidia.
to
similar
cheilocystidia
to
HABITAT
in
Europe,
with
COLLECTIONS
2191\ Pill,
EXAMINED.
11 .IX. 1967,
1645.
Note:
(on
Kiihner
(Fl.
having
dan. 3:
78.
lamellae,
the
might explain
Mos. &
Kiihner
in
l/3rd of
only
b
m
u
r
but
Linne,
g,
—
8.0
long)
gm
9. VIII.1966
up
margin
and
the
are,
Stangl
in
Horak
Z.
in
latter
—
SWEDEN:
Uppland, Uppsala,
whitish
P.
larger
cream
hirtella,
var.
a
Karst., which
differs in
more
pelargonium
lamellae.
by
e.g.
Inocybe
J.
Lange
pileus,
squamulose
measurements
Spore
spores.
somewhat
having larger
I.
cystidia;
to
has
often
however,
lamellae and very
greyish
broader
species
Kühner
Oyonnax
Persoonia
Pilzk.
pi.
37:
9
11:
2.
convex
to
—
1
=
4];
edge
mm,
to
but
exceptionally
1971.
1955.
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
1.
5.
1981.
mycol.
pi.
29:
over.
almost
often
very
young
with
pale
Cortina
cut.
even
a
to
not
as
to
very
mm
pale
indistinctly
(sub)marginate
yellowish,
spontaneously
when
whitish
then
observed.
leaves of
Taste indistinct.
pale
subrimulose
without umbo
yellow
or
with low broad
ochraceous yellow-brown
to
broad, ventricose
cream,
(8-11
ochraceous
Context
Pelargonium,
margin,
so,
on
age
subshiny,
very
or
not,
narrowly
finally yellow-brown
or
slightly
mm), but exceptionally
[2.5
pale
Y
7/4], but
yellowish
in
white
stipe,
similar to that of Cortinarius
adnate
[10 YR
concolorous.
6/4,
Stipe
2.5
Y
x
but
5/
3-8
whitish
pruinose
in bulb.
paleaceus,
40-60,
almost
to
25-65
bulb,
white
greasy
=
equal, solid,
at
fibrils
slightly breaking
indistinct. Lamellae, L
present but then
fimbriate, whitish
bulb
at
indistinctly
only
62,
1985.
plano-convex,
but
velipellis absent, exceptionally
1-3, moderately crowded, 3-10
free, when
this
small and
too
179
Fig.
(Suppl.):
308.
inflexed when young, ochraceous
becoming innately squamulose,
when moist;
&
Tirol, Jenbach, 9.IX. 1982, Kuyper
Bruylants
and
Jiilich, Farbatl. Basidiomyc.: pi. 13, f.
hardly diverging,
or
rare
locality. July-Sept.
one
outwards sericeous-fibrillose,
[7.5 YR 5/8, tending towards 4/6], smooth around disc,
not
pm,
stipe,
calcareous soil.
on
Widespread
trechispora (Berk.)
ochroalba
Bull. Soc. Nat.
Pileus 15-40 mm, conico-convex,
umbo, with
trees
Picea.
combination of
unlike I.
not
Inocybe pelargonium
Horak & Bas in
ICONES.
—
similar
7-10
Limburg, Kanne, Overstbos, 28.VII.1981,
prov.
with I. hirtella Bres.
author
lower
x
Lange's misinterpretation.
Inocybe claviger
1980.
i
1937, Lange (C).
different smell and slightly
a
Danish
Inocybe pelargonium
SELECTED
VIII.
L
USTRI A:
Inocybe
but
Cheilocystidia
in
scarce
possibly
prov.
A
different smell and
a
1938),
84.
f. 2.
than
more
often been confused
given by
as
spores.
subfusiform, thick-
or
Basidia 22-28
coniferous?)
and
—
because of the
it is
Pleurocystidia
921, PC).
exsiccati suecici
nodulose
2513.
BELGIUM:
—
Stavrby skov,
Macroscopically
differs in
agar.
whitish
1984,Kuyper
Huijsman.
average
has
langei
Alnus, Populus,
NETHERLANDS:
—
Easily recognised
has, however,
spores
Salix,
1.4-1.7(-l.8),
=
irregular, mixed with cauloparacystidia.
more
Under frondose (and
—
17. VIII.
15.VII.1938, Lundell (Fungi
small spores.
base, but
to
Q
pm,
at apex.
thin-walled, colourless.
(almost)
somewhat
DENMARK:
—
x 4.3-4.8
with (almost) obtuse
apex.
in the Netherlands, hitherto known from
17.VII.1968, Verschueren,
Kuyper
or
Quercus,
rare
very
205
I
slenderly clavate, subutriform
pm,
descending
& DISTRIBUTION.
Associated
Europe
in
average^6.9-7.1
pm, on
clavate,
Paracystidia
Caulocystidia
Inocybe
r:
thick, colourless wall, crystalliferous
pm
4-spored.
E
P
subamygdaliform,
to
(11 —) 13— 19(—21)
x
to
Y
4.0-5.0
x
1.5-1.6, smooth, regular
=
U
all
Smell
spermatic
206
P
6.5-10.0
_Spores
Q
1.6-1.8,
=
E
4.0-5.5(-6.0)
x
smooth,
regular
Pleurocystidia (39-)43-64(-70)
sublageniform,
to
colourless wall,
rather
lower l/3rd
HABITAT
occurring
irregular
India.
COLLECTIONS
Not
I A—Suppl.
N
1986
average 7.3-9.4
on
rather
4.5-5.3
x
with
Q
pm,
indistinctly
subutriform
pm,
1.5-2.0
to
up
apex,
3,
Vol.
subamygdaliform,
(11—)12—22
descending
(1.4—)1.5—1.9,
=
subconical
(sub)fusiform,
to
base
to
of
Under frondose
—
similar to pleurocystidia,
cheilocystidia
to
cauloparacystidia
and
coniferous
Populus.
trees
NETHERLANDS:
in
Europe,
17.VIII.1962,
Tjallingii-Beukers
Kits
Waveren;
van
IJsselmeerpolders, Roggebotzand,
9.X.1981, Kuyper
&
1926;
7924; Rockanje, 7.X.1980, Kuyper
Bas
1667.
—
prov.
Tirol,
AUSTRIA:
Namur, Ave-et-Auffe,
1518;
Innauwald
Roptai,
Le
8.X.
L
prov.
Bas
4187
1472;
(holotype
30.IX.I982,
Bas
of
1.
smaller
the spores
the
at
—
Perthshire,
Bole,
5.XI.1961
&
to
and
are
some
into synonymy of I.
E
M
A
Bamble,
Gomle,
Inocybe
ochroalba
&
Bas
this
7.5-8.5
(viz.
in
Bull.
that it
so
subhirtella
Docs,
Inocybe
albovelata
Ceska Mykol.
Math.
pi.
3.
Ulm
1984
31:
(as
I.
Pileus 8-40
Bon in
Reumaux
in
Bruylants
29:
pi. 87,
f.
141.
1981
(as
1.
1.
in
Docs
in
in
that
Vezzena,
Weholt.
Kuyper
of the
4.5-5.0
2440.
—
—
Les
Bayards,
reason
I.
showed
type
pm). Although
European
cannot
collections,
be used
to
claviger is
separate
reduced
Pilze
33.
mycol. 14(54-55):
(as
trimest. Soc.
I.
conico-convex, convex,
—
180-183
85: 345.
66.
('1969')
1970.
1975.
Mitteleur.
1: 95.
1984.
1984.
13.
mycol.
subalbidodisca).
subalbidodisca).
29:
specimens.
Figs.
—
Fr.
Mykol.
14(53):
angulatosquamulosa).
mm,
mycol.
Ceska
Beitr. Kenntn.
mycol.
Bull,
1975
Bruylants
trimest.Soc.
Veselsky
Inocybe
in
x
smaller than in
either. For
ochroalba
Inocybe
Bruylants
—
di
pelargonium.
Inocybe angulatosquamulosa Stangl
ICONES.
Passe
differ from I. pelargonium
to
Reinvestigation
character,
pelargonium
said
was
than indicated
in
&
SELECTED
1957,
Augsburg,
1985,
Planches, 26.VIII.1959, Huijsman;
Les
average somewhat
on
Inocybe subalbidodisca Stangl
M.
Bavaria,
6.VII.
26.IX.1983,
Hermitage,
The
27. VIII.
: Eifel, Gerolstein, Papenkaule,
Adige, Trentino,
Alto
prov.
Telemark,
BELGIUM:
—
Martignat,
Punjab, Kulu-valley, Manali, 20.VIII.1964,
2. The collection from Warnsveld represents albinistic
85.
Y
N
1977,
15.IX.1982,
5.VIII.1981, Kuyper
2200.
FRANCE:
—
R
Gronsveld,
g,
6.VI.1981, Tjallingii-Beukers;
pleurocystidia.
larger
overlap
and I.
claviger
G
r
1982, Kuyper
Warns-
21 .V.
12.XI.1961, Huijsman; Schiipfheim, 21.IX.1953, Huijsman;
Horak
shorter
be somewhat
least
between I.
claviger
Inocybe
spores
2284.
INDIA:
ITALY:
Inver,
u
9.IX.
soil.
also
Abandonnees, 12.V1.1961, Huijsman.
Les
pleurocystidia
there is
L).
—
d'Othenettes, l.IX.1966, Huijsman;
Dames
14.IX.1959,Huijsman;
Notes:
Salmweg,
2086.
NORWAY:
—
co.
SWITZERLAND:
in
claviger,
I.
7966.
SCOTLAND:
Foret
Eifel, Gees,
Wald, 3.VIII.1982, Kuyper
Haunstetter
—
b
m
1982, Kuyper
Huijsman; dpt. Doubs, Lougres, \4.VIA956, Huijsman.
23.IX.1980, Kuyper
i
Jenbach,
near
Oegstgeest,
Zuid-Holland:
prov.
in
Beek-Bergh,
28.VII.1953, Huijsman; Doetinchem, 13.VI.1943, Huijsman; Steenderen, 17.VI.1953, Huijsman;
veld,
8-10
calcareous
on
Widespread
Gelderland:
prov.
x
but
base.
reaching
in the Netherlands. May-Nov.
common
—
similar
stipe,
Tilia, and
Quercus,
apex.
tending
never
thick, pale yellow, sometimes almost
pm
frequent. Cheilocystidia
and less differentiated, but
Fagus,
EXAMINED.
O
pm,
to
x
at
DISTRIBUTION.
with Picea,
in
O
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent. Basidia 26-35
Caulocystidia
more
&
Associated
S
thick-walled, with
crystalliferous
frequent. Paracystidia
4-spored.
pm,
R
1984.
Fr.
—
Stangl
in
plano-convex
85:
pi.
Enderle
Beitr.
to
s.n.
&
1970.
Stalrgl
Kenntn.
almost
—
in
Stangl
Mitt.
Pilze
&
Ver.
Veselsky
Naturw.
Mitteleuropas
applanate,
umbonate
1:
or
in
without umbo, with
because
centre
of
ochraceous
yellow [10
margin
inflexed when
young,
sopn straight,
around
or
velipellis persisting
YR
to
Figs.
of I.
180-183.
from
7/6, 6/6, 2.5
subhirtella).
to
Inocybe
holotype
Y
P
E
r:
disc
ochraceous brown [10
minutely appressedly
181.
u
of I.
Y
6/6,
YR
tending
Europe
207
Inocybe
K
without
I
4/6, 5/4, 5/6], in
to
5/6],
ochroalba.
—
Spores, pleurocystidia
182.
from
isotype
of I.
young
either whitish
underneath
outer
half
more
velipellis
in
ochraceous
sericeous-smooth around
recurvately squamulose-subsquarrose
subalbidodisca;
when
velipellis,
centre
or
around centre, reminiscent of
(180.
from
holotype
angulatosquamulosa;
of
I.
albovelata.
183. from
holotype
,
208
I.
PERSOONI a—Suppl.
squamata
with
I.
or
fibrillose, with
velipellis
extending
margin; velipellis slightly
subventricose,
to
concolorous.
or
marginately bulbous, solid,
never
YR
[7.5
Cortina
observed
not
in
raceous-tinged
cut
4.5-6.0
x
Pleurocystidia
tending
wall,
37-66(-67)
subfusiform,
to
crystalliferous
Paracystidia
4-spored.
than
pyriform
cheilocystidia,
HABITAT
&
western
part.
1979,
base
lower
orange-ochraceous in
in
in
so
of
thick,
similar
Q
/um,
distinct
half
of
upper
lower
l/3rd.
1.4—1,8(— 1.9),
=
(sub)conical
clavate,
slenderly
to
similar
stipe,
to
age
somewhat och-
pileus,
4.8-5.7
x
pm
colourless
to
pale
to
somewhat
or
apex.
sometimes
pleurocystidia,
to
somewhat
stipe
Rather
frondose and
Under
—
Alnus, Picea,
common
in
the
April-May, Aug.-Nov.
x
yellow
frequent.
7—10
more
pm,
slender
mixed
irregular,
with
prov.
trees
calcareous
on
in
Widespread
soil.
Europe, especially
Netherlands, mainly in the coastal dunes and
s:prov. F
1979, 23.X.1982, Kuyper
1103',
Noordeloos
coniferous
and Pinus.
ETHERLAND
1972, 22.X.1982, Kuyper
6.XI.
in
Quercus, Fagus,
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED. —N
Vlieland,
to
equal
with
over.
IJsselmeerpolders.
Kuyper
2.5
to
up
mm,
discolouring
indistinctly
rather
to
Cheilocystidia
almost free,
faint olivaceous
a
2-7
x
1-3, rather
=
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, frequent. Basidia 26—37
descending
DISTRIBUTION.
Associated with
in the
to
especially
all
cauloparacystidia
frequent.
apex,
Caulocystidia
with
thick-walled,
at
whitish,
1
to
smell.
as
clavate
pm,
with
9-60
yellowish
with indistinct
(13—) 14—25(—26)
x
Stipe
more
average 8.1-9.4
on
1.5-1.8, smooth, subamygdaliform,
=
Context
spermatic. Taste
pm,
30-50,
adnate
L
rimulose,
not
subappendiculate
=
sometimes only
specimens.
Smell when
stipe.
but
over,
in youngest
Spores 7.5—10.0(—10.5)
the
all
7/6], pruinose
with
narrowly
first
at
margin
at
7/2-7/4], finally yellow-brown
fimbriate, whitish
edge
diverging,
lamellae and then
over
pale ochraceous yellow [2.5 Y 7/4-7/6], rather often
part
Q
ventricose
not
darker brown, outwards radially
slightly
with fibrils not
slightly
buff when young [2.5 Y
Y 5/4];
(sub)bulbous, but
to
of scales
1986
and somewhat shiny. Lamellae,
greasy
broad,
mm
greyish-yellowish
tinge [2.5
tips
becoming subsquamulose,
sometimes
crowded, 1.5-6
with
margaritispora,
age
3,
Vol.
i
r
e
1985
1
s
&
a
Terschelling, 21.X.1982,
d:
n
1990
27.X.1982, Kuyper 2322;
&
Gelderland, Doetinchem,
IJsselmeerpolders: Kuinderbos,
20.XI. 1982,
1945, Huijsman-,
27.X.
Jansen; Abbertstrand, 30.IV.1983, Tjal-
lingii-Beukers; Revebos, 1.VI.1985, Tjallingii-Beukers ; Roggebotzand, 1.XI.1980, Kuyper 1564, 9.X.1981,
Kuyper 1903, 1905, 1923, 1924, 1929,
7&W; Visvijverbos,
Beukers;
13.XI.
15.X.
28. VIII.
Veenendaal,
1931 &
1932, 25.V.1983,
1982, Kuyper 2132; prov.
6.XI.1971,
de
1982, Kuyper 2335; Vogelenzang,
Kleuver
24.X.
U
t
71.098;
r
e
e
e
1
a
Haamstede, 29.X.1972,
d:
n
Z
1.XI. 1972 & 6.XI.
19.IX.
I.
i
u
Bois
1965(K).
de
—
albovelata,
(holotype
of,
I.
Resteigne,
F R
herb.
A
N
c
28.IX.
E:
d
herb.
—
1705.
E
N
Bon).
Wittelsbacher
3.IX. 1970,
Trentino, Alberghi
The
—
di
1
o
1
a
23.X.
—
Sorarae, Cayeux-sur-Mer,
G ERMANY
Park,
1 .X.
G L
bois
A
Slangl (holotype
of I.
D:
N
1843.
—
S
Black Wood
T
of
I.
I.
L
15.XI.
VIII.
A
N
Rannoch,
D:
prov.
and
a
velipellis.
distinct umbo look
very
variable
Specimens
strikingly different
pileus without umbo, but both variants
This character difference is
at
least
are
in
with
from
a
its
Alto
1983, Kuyper
macroscopical
specimens
partly phenotypically
in
with
a
2428.
habit due
squamulose-subquarrose
very similar
Ober-
Adige,
Perthshire, Inver,
CO.
24.IX.
ochroalba is
of the
Bon
angulatosquamulosa, L);
Notes:
Inocybe
1979,
1977, Huijsman;
subalbidodisca, PRM);
Italy:
—
c o
of
Brighton,
Vanel, 22.XI.1958, Huijsman\ Arosa, 26.VIII.1968, Huijsman.
1.
Namur,
Surrey, Oxshott,
co.
Melle, 23.
(isotype
1408
subalbidodisca. PRM).
Margheri, 25.IX.1981, Kuyper
de
: Niedersachsen,
1983, Slangl
Hermitage, 26.IX.1983, Kuyper 2441\ Rannoch,
development
Noordwijk,
1982, Kuyper 2309;
SWITZERLAND:
the
d:
n
BELGIUM: prov.
—
Unterfahlheim, 4.IX.1982, Enderle; Neubulach, 14.IX.1971, Slangl (as
schonfeld,
H
-
Martignat,27.IX.1957,//«;yrmfln;Semuy,25.IX.1982,/feivma«x(holotype
Reumaux); dpt.
subhirtella,
Bavaria, Augsburg,
1974, Tjallingii-Beukers.
Kuyper
1972, Tjallingii-
19.X.1941, 6.IX.1942, Huijsman;
1972, Huijsman,
Goes, 3.XI.1984, Kuyper 2666; Braakman, 26.VIII.1981, Kuyper
Resteigne,
3.X. 1981,
25. VIII.
Noord-Holland: Bergen,
prov.
1957, Huijsman; Rockanje, 7.X.1980, Kuyper 1517; Wassenaar,
prov. Z
of
Driebergen,
t:
h
prov.
1981, Jansen;
83.09; Spijk,
Noordeloos
c
to
pileus
sericeous-smooth
microscopical
determined,
as
characters.
both variants
K
occasionally
are
that
reason
2.
has
a
a
langei
different
a
R.
obtuse
more
(sub)marginate
Heim
Inocybe
tenebrosa
SELECTED
Heim,
atripes).
29:
(as
pi.
I.
Reid
(as
1980
atripes).
—
Pileus 10-32
margin
buff,
recurvately
velipellis
subbulbous,
in
base
Figs.
16,
Fung.
in
C.R.
f.
4.
Ic.
rar.
Jiilich,
young
of
possessing
and
smaller spores
a
stipe
Kiihner
that often
has
or
=
to
1972
-
-
(as
Mitt.
1.
f.
I.
--
1884)
in
Z.
atripes).
=
almost
observed.
13:
Ver.
(as
I.
brown
centre
to
around
to
f.
pi.
Math.
or
dark
Ulm
1885.
1.
—
(as
1971
31:
R.
I.
mycol.
116.
1981
without umbo, with
brown, in
disc, becoming
squamulose,
8.
atripes).
not
outer
half
squamose
rimulose
at
or
margin;
1-3, crowded, 1.5-4 mm broad, subventricose
free, yellowish-greyish
or
8,
37:
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
Naturw.
1. 1985
pi.
Pilzk.
,
whitish.
Stipe
17—52
in lower half from base
sometimes with raspberry-red mycelial
not
1885.
almost applanate, with
at
fibrillose
discolouring
Stangl
—
brown, smooth
35-50,1
to
13: 279.
(Blois
Sci.
■
Stangl in
concolorous
first white,
45a.
straight,
coarsely
L
Av.
atripes).
-
convex
soon
brown
fimbriate,
over,
pi.
&
184-185
Figs.
—
(Blois 1884)
Basidiomyc.: pi.
Farbatl.
Lamellae,
specimens
6:
Enderle
conico-convex,
at
I.
col.
mm,
ochraceous
(as
-----
—
&
solid,
status.
Inocybe pelargonium
cystidia
For
mycelium.
one
1918.
frany.
Ass.
1931
Mos.
edge
lamellae.
Quél.
Av. Sci.
Bot. 5: 210.
'
I.
frani;.
Ass.
in
'
atripes).
-
blackish, pruinose all
in
C.R.
Quel,
—
observed.
olive-yellow;
even
in
Amer. J.
squarrose, outwards
not
from
infraspecific
ochroalba in
fusiform
tenebrosa
ventricose, narrowly adnate
not
greyish
more
209
I
originate
to
seem
accorded any formal
differs from I.
Inocybe
indexed when
young,
brownish
or
Quel,
Inocybe: pi.
D.
—
34.
that
Europe
in
bulb.
Atk. in
ICONES.
Genre
Inocybe
r:
slenderly
more
86.
Inocybe atripes
f.
p
not
are
apex and
smell,
Y
groups
these variants
Inocybe
with
in
met
u
or
x
greyish buff,
2-6
mm,
upwards
tomentum at
Context whitish, but dark brown
to
to
finally
equal
to
olivaceous
base. Cortina
blackish brown
stipe. Smell spermatic. Taste slightly bitterish.
184-185.
Inocybe
tenebrosa.
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (184.
from Bas
3274; 185. from Bas
1163).
210
P
Spores
7.0-9.5(-10.0)
E
R
S
4.5-6.0
x
O
O
(10-)11—24(—25)
x
3.0
to
/am,
broadly clavate,
Caulocystidia
stipe
subconical
clavate
cylindrico-clavate, slenderly
4.7-5.6
x
Q
pm,
1.4-1.9, Q
=
Pleurocystidia (35—)38—57(—66)
apex.
clavate, thick-walled, with
to
similar to
pleurocystidia, moderately frequent. Paracystidia
thin-walled, colourless,
descending
base
to
at
of
Basidia 26—35
frequent.
similar
stipe,
but
cheilocystidia,
to
8-11
x
pyriform
4-spored.
/am,
in
up
apex,
lower half of
with dark brown, incrusted walls.
HABITAT
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Associated with
but
1986
7.8-9.2
average
with
3,
Vol.
thick, (pale) yellow, but sometimes almost colourless wall, crystallifcrous
/am
frequent. Cheilocystidia
to
on
pm,
1.5-1.7, smooth, subamygdaliform,
=
I A—Suppl.
N
in
uncommon
—
Under frondose trees,
in North America also under conifers.
Quercus, Corylus, and Carpinus, in North America with Thuja.
also
Europe,
in North
occurring
Widespread
America. Rare in the Netherlands. July-
Oct.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kuyper 1532;
Castricum,
U
prov.
10. VII.
t
364\
Meijer
t, 29.IX.
Maas
1982,
8908',
Geesteranus
e
e
I
a
n
d:
Bohemia, Karlstejn,
IA:
Village,
1968,
13.X.
(K).
Reid
Adige,
Trento,
5.IX.1965, Huijsman.
11.VII.1963,
Whetzel
from
(in
Atkinson
tenebrosa,
Quelet's
I.
of I.
for
Habitus
vel
J.
that
Metrod
brunneo-aureus,
ad basim
dein
5:
had
1855.
Bas
E N
—
Var,
ad
Bull,
the
Pileus 6-30
brownish
basim,
at
margin
mm,
omnino
Stipes
the
mycol.
the epithet
not
—
co.
3.X.
Bed-
1960,
Alto
Planeyse,
nov.
—
128.
30-60
x
must
cheilocystidiis
prov.
[10
Holotypus:
its
Th.
be
(inval.,
sine
cylindraceus,
x
Pleurocystidia (31 —)33—49(—50)
similia.
W.
instead
latter
species.
identity
with
reintroduced.
186-187
Figs.
1956.
respects.
Art.
36.1.)
umbone,
squamuloso-squarrosus.
minute
1.5-3 mm,
slender than
atripes
the
in
cystidia
doubt regarding
Fr. 72:
postremo
more
microscopical
tenebrosa
epithet
spec.
in
pruinosus. Sporae (8.0-)8.5-10.5(-l 1.0)
subconico.
Kuyper
Lamellae
ochraceus vel rufulo-
Q
5.5-6.5 pm,
x
ochraceo-
10-16
pm,
similia.
2486,
=
1.5-1.8,
eylindracea
Caulocystidia
19.X.
1983,
estate
Utrecht, Netherlands (L).
a
Mycena, because
hemispherical-convex,
golden
N D:
A
1981,
Triphammer Falls, 24.VI.1906,
latus, hemisphaerico-convexus,
mm
fibrillosus,
radialiter
of
leave any
older
trimest. Soc.
Etymology: mycenoides, resembling
Pileus 6-30
L
ITALY: prov.
—
somewhat
identical
introduced
knowledge
mycenoides Kuyp.,
in
generally
are
1918)
not, however,
olivaceo-brunneae.
pallescens,
Gunterstein, Breukelen,
to
G
Jansen.
Nans-les-Pins,
1163.
fusiformia, crassiparietalia, pariete pallide lutea. Cheilocystidia pleurocystidiis
descendentia
24.VIII.
25.X. 1964,
SWITZERLAND:
—
York, Ithaca,
New
virtually
are
211.
no
reason
laeves, subamygdaliformes, apice
vel
they
Bot.
specierum Mycenae.
primo sulphureae,
tinctus,
but
Inocybe
Inocybe citrinofolia
d,Neerijnen, 14.X.1980,
n
Michigan, Ogenaw Co., Ogenaw Wildlife, Sanctuary,
3314\
North America
Europe,
because he
and
Bas
2069.
2.X.1956,
Kuyper
STATES:
16.VII.1963,
a
Noord-Holland,
atripes, CUP).
Amer.
87.
luteus
&
illustration does
atripes,
20.IX.1981,
UNITED
—
3274
Specimens from
specimens
of
Bas
(holotype
Note:
Gocciadoro,
Parco
Bas
FRANCE:
—
1
r
Ginneken,
1960,
&
e
prov.
1981, Kuyper 1701; Axel,
26.VIII.
3.IX.
Huijsman-, dpt. Doubs, Lougres, 19.IX.1955, Huijsman
d
Zuid-Holland, 's-Gravenhage,
prov.
Braakman,
1
e
Vellinga',
Schreurs &
Noord-Brabant,
prov.
Shambrook
s:prov.G
ETHERLAND
h
c
prov. Z
CZECHOSLOVAK
fordshire,
N
—
e
1952,
20.VIII.1966, Karman\
de
r
YR
of its habit.
without umbo,
6-7/8], coarsely
rimulose, somewhat excoriating
radially
on
age,
sulphur-yellow, bright
fibrillose, but
and then
fibrils
ochraceous
not
diverging,
squamulose-subsquarrose
K
disc; velipellis
around
not
ventricose, adnate
[2.5
Y
solid,
observed.
=
Lamellae,
at
Smell when
[7.5
apex
at
cut
YR
6/6-6/8],
base, pruinose
subspermatic.
x
all
over.
Taste
L
5.5-6.5
not
/am, on
Europe
in
=
30,
1
=
211
I
x
1.5-3
sometimes
1.5-3
1-3, crowded,
sulphur-yellow, finally
equal,
mm,
with
Context sordid
broad,
flexuose,
somewhat
reddish
orange
mm
olivaceous brown
tinges,
pallescent
ochraceous
in
apex
recorded.
average 9.2-10.1
x
5.7-6.0
/urn,
Q
=
1.5-1.8,
1.6-1.7, smooth, subamygdaliform, with subconical apex. Pleurocystidia (31—)33—49(—50)
/am,
cylindrical, slenderly cylindrico-clavate
to
2.5
to
pleurocystidia, abundant. Paracystidia
thick,
/am
pale yellow wall, crystalliferous
dant. Basidia 23-29
to
Inocybe
30-60
10-16
x
r:
4/4]; edge fimbriate, whitish. Stipe
ochraceous
stipe.
_
E
young
to
Spores (8.0-)8.5-10.5(-l 1.0)
(J
P
almost free, when
downwards, whitish
of
not
u Y
cheilocystidia
HABITAT
&
or
x
Figs.
186-187.
of I.
/urn,
DISTRIBUTION.
Fagus, and Larix. Very
holotype
7-9
somewhat
rare,
4-spored.
more
—
at
to
thick-walled, with up
subfusiform,
apex, abundant.
Cheilocystidia
Caulocystidia
descending
to
base of
clavate, mixed with cauloparacystidia.
Under frondose and coniferous
trees.
Inocybe mycenoides.
188.
Inocybe brevicystis.
Fig.
189.
Inocybe stangliana.
stipe,
similar
Associated with Tilia,
known from the Netherlands and France. Oct.
—
Spores, pleurocystidia
(186.
from
Métrod
1186;
mycenoides).
Fig.
similar
clavate, thin-walled, colourless, moderately abun-
—
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
brevicystis).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
stangliana).
187.
from
212
COLLECTIONS
Kuyper
(as
I.
a—Suppl.
Persooni
EXAMINED.
(holotype
2486
citrinofolia,
of
NETHERLANDS:
—
mycenoides, L).
I.
Metrod, PC);
herb.
Foret
Bois
Sapois,
de
Faye, 9.X.1938,
la
de
1986
Utrecht,
prov.
FRANCE:
—
3,
Vol.
Metrod
Breukelen,
28.X.
938
(as
1940,
I.
19.X.1983,
Metrod
1186
citrinofolia,
herb.
Metrod, PC).
Note:
short,
because
Recognisable
cylindrical
of its mycenoid
subfusiform
to
consisted unfortunately of
88.
Inocybe
Inocybe brevicystis
in Bull,
fimbriata,
Jim,
x
Q
9-14
=
/um,
cylindracea
validiore,
habitu
sporis
Saulchery,
France
with
yellow
20-30
3
mm,
pruinose (almost)
smooth, regular
walled, with
apex,
not
equal
up
x
Context
(5.0—)5.5—6.5
to
in
upper
whitish.
/im, on
2400,
Metrod
in
centro,
brunneae, margine
9.0-11.0
x
(5.0—)5.5—6.5
Cheilocystidia
lutea.
similia.
cystidiis
differt
Ab
I.
mycenoides
angusti-
curtioribus
3.X.1951,
hemispherical-convex,
radially fibrillose,
Chateau-Thierry,
with
at
margin
at
or
without umbo,
centre, smooth around
rimulose
to
rimose.
2.0
gm
x
9-14
faint, subspermatic.
average
9.6-10.0
almost
half-way
not
to
x
obtuse,
5.6-6.1
similar
frequent.
to
Q
pm,
exceptionally
cylindrical, slenderly
thick, almost colourless
frequent. Cheilocystidia
over
/um,
bulbous, whitish, with age pale ochraceous,
not
Smell
with
subamygdaliform,
to
from
or
slightly clavate,
to
clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
descending
G.
obscurior
pallide
vel
cheilocystidiis
ochroalba
I.
Holotypus:
outwards
age,
Pleurocystidia (31—)34—49(—51)
at
incolori
36.1.)
Pleurocystidia (31 -)34-49(-51)
conico.
ochraceous brown, somewhat darker
to
all over.
9.0-11.0
Spores
basim,
Art.
ochraceae vel
pruinosus. Sporae
omnino
ab
ochraceus,
sordide
nondistincte
ad
(inval.,
1956.
188
Fig.
broad, ventricose, adnate, ochraceous, then brown; edge fimbriate, white.
5 mm
x
126.
—
cystidia
short
with
disc, then subsquarrose
to
subobtuso.
campanulate-convex
mm,
sordid ochraceous
Lamellae
yellow
(herb. Metrod, PC).
Etymology: brevicystis,
Pileus 20-30
luteis,
minus
coloribus
apice
cum
descendentia
nov.
Lamellae
fusiformia, crassiparietalia, parietate
vel
Caulocystidia
similia.
Netherlands
the lamellae were less
spec.
Fr. 72:
subsquarrosus.
Stipes aequalis, pallide ochraceus,
albida.
oribusque,
Stipe
mycol.
umbonatus,
indistincte
in centro demum
Kuyp.,
ex
(1.5-) 1.6-1.8, laeves, regulares, apice obtuso,
pleurocystidiis
differt
Métrod
trimest. Soc.
(hemisphaerico-)convexus,
Pileus
fibrillosus, margine rimuloso,
the
citrinofolia.
brevicystis
Metrod
from
collection
of which
specimen only
one
than Metrod described for his I.
and
habit, completely pruinose stipe
The
cystidia.
clavate
to
=
(1.5—) 1.6—1.8,
subconical
apex.
subfusiform, thick-
yellowish wall, slightly crystalliferous
to
pleurocystidia, frequent. Paracystidia broadly
Basidia 27-36
x
9-11
/urn,
4-spored. Caulocystidia
base, rather irregular in lower half, similar
to
cheilocystidia
half.
HABITAT
&
DISTRIBUTION.
—
Under Quercus.
Very
rare
in Europe, known from only
two
localities in France. Oct.
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
lotype
of I.
brevicystis,
Notes: 1. The
Soc.
mycol.
Fr.
herb.
—
FRANCE:
Metrod, PC);
macroscopical description
72:
126.
1956)
2. The rather short and
mycenoides
Saulchery,
Bois de
Kuyp.
the
cystidia
same
Chateau-Thierry, 3.X.1951,
1 .X.
1980,
(in
are
cystidia,
Metrod
2400
Docs
on
Metrod
mycol.
(in
Bull, trimest.
5.
14(54-55):
indicative for I. brevicystis.
but
(ho-
Reumaux.
has been based
and Reumaux
narrow
possesses
Toges,
that
species
differs
in
1984).
Inocybe
having
K
habit and
mycenoid
a
show
characters and
having
89.
Pileus
subdistantes,
basim
ad
sub
pallide
vel
cheilocystidiis
5
latae, anguste adnatae,
mm
lente.
leviter
Odor
Pileus 30
reddish
of the
mm,
apex.
at
fimbriate,
margin.
x
7-9
in
spec.
nov.
might
cystidial
189
Fig.
—
rather
pm,
4.5-5.0(-5.5)
fusiformia,
x
subobtuso
Q
pm,
subconico.
=
Pleuro-
clavata, crassiparietalia, pariete
nonnulla
Caulocystidia
similia.
vel
flavus, pruinosus
descendentia
ad
Slangl, 17.VI11.1984, Siebentischwald, Augsburg, Bavaria,
with rather
in
honour
of
outstanding
his
basim,
German
contributions
to
30
Stipe
x
4
radially ftbrillose,
5
equal
mm,
x
4.5—5.0(—5.5)
to
pm,
slightly
or
average 6.4
on
with
subamygdaliform,
(41 —)44—51(—53)
x
crystalliferous
(14—)15—18
with
up
pm,
4.8
but
Q
pm,
to
to
diverging
somewhat
(1.2—)1.3—1.4(—1.5),
=
subconical
almost
more
colourless
similar
to
to
pleuro-
abundant. Basidia 22-27
base of stipe, similar
somewhat irregular and
dirty
apex,
indistinctly
thick,
pm
at
pileus,
fusiform, sometimes
broadly
frequent. Paracystidia clavate, thin-walled, colourless,
cauloparacystidia,
in
frequent. Cheilocystidia
apex, rather
at
x
broadened
yellowish
subobtuse
2.0(-2.5)
to
with fibrils slightly
broad, narrowly adnate, lemon-yellow;
mm
greaterpart under lens. Context whitish,
over
mixed with faint
conspicuous umbo, hazel-brown,
4-spored. Caulocystidia descending
mixed with
sordide
(5.5-)6.0-7.0
pleurocystidiis
clavate, thick-walled,
yellow wall,
Stipes aequalis,
Sporae
Smell faint, reminiscent of fruit.
stipe.
to
citrinae.
Stangl (Augsburg)
J.
concolorous.
Pleurocystidia
cystidia,
late
pm,
Lamellae subdistant,
1.3, smooth, regular
subutriform
pale
differs
but
brevicystis,
M).
plano-convex
Spores (5.5-)6.0-7.0
=
ochroalba Bruylants
Inocybe
genus.
yellowish, pruinose
Q
in
Mr
to
J.
suavis.
smooth around centre, outwards
tinges,
buff in
15— 18
Holotypus:
dedicated
and rimulose
more
213
I
subamygdaliformes, apice
vel
Cheilocystidia
Republic (L, isotypus
taxonomy
edge
(14—)
x
lutea.
similia.
Etymology:
the
Europe
I.
to
stangliana Kuyp.,
Inocybe
cystidia (41 —)44—51(—53)
Federal
in
conical spore apex.
distinctly
a
Inocybe
r:
resemblance
(1.2—) 1.3—1.4(—1.5), laeves, regulares
incolore
P E
plano-convexus, umbonatus, avellaneus, rufulo-tinctus, fibrillosus, versus marginem rimulosus.
Lamellae
paene
Y
yellow lamellae.
more
macroscopical
some
u
to
cheilocystidia
less thick-walled
in
lower
and
l/3rd
of stipe.
HABITAT
& DISTRIBUTION.
COLLECTION EXAMINED.
(holotype
of I.
Note: I
solely.
—
G
certainly
do
I.
characters that there
not
R
M A
Fagus.
N
Y
only from the type locality. Aug.
Known
: Bavaria, Augsburg, Siebentischwald,
can
Inocybe roseipes Malen?.
ICON.
Pileus 20-40
paler
—
in
Mai. &
mm,
and
advocate describing
is
stangliana
90.
somewhat
E
Under
17. VIII.
1984, Stangl
stangliana, L).
However,
SELECTED
—
hardly
doubt
in both
regarding
Inocybe roseipes Malenç.
Mai. &
Bert.,
Bert.,
Fl.
campanulate,
more
be any
greyish
Fl.
Champ,
then
Champ,
sup.
conical,
around
sup.
Maroc
centre
the
type-collection
and
microscopical
species based on
new
distinctive
so
—
pi.
its
Fig.
Maroc
1:
macro-
1:
specific autonomy.
190
395.
1970,
15. 1970.
indistinctly umbonate,
because of
velipellis,
sordid
ochraceous,
smooth around
centre,
214
P
Fig.
190. Inocybe roseipes.
—
alluvionis;
so
on
i a—Suppl.
Vol.
3,
1986
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
Figs. 191-193. Inocybe splendens.
of I.
e r
193. from Rubers
—
Spores, pleurocystidia (191.
11.X.1981).
of I.
from
roseipes).
Kuyper 2215;
192. from
holotype
K
outwards radially fibrillose
5-8
red
at
in
pruinose
Context whitish in
lanate,
to
E
Inocybe
r:
Europe
in
in
a
without
but
Smell
stipe.
pruinose
on
/um,
(12—)13— 17
cylindrical
/am,
wall, crystalliferous
to
base of
stipe,
HABITAT
Known
&
DISTRIBUTION.
Under coniferous
—
COLLECTION EXAMINED.
M
—
Note: The
sup. Maroc
it
Macroscopically
conspicuous
resembles I.
pinkish-reddish
Inocybe terrifera
Heim,
R.
Genre
Kiihner in
Inocybe phaeoleuca
Inocybe
alluvionis
Inocybe
castanea
Bull.
Kiihner in
Stangl
Velen.,
&
no
Inocybe:
Soc. Nat.
in
Houby:
Ceska
375.
Basidiocarps robust,
1.
IS
often covered
with
Basidiocarps
slender,
a
velipellis
IS
=
indistinct, without adhering
Note:
are
very
Although
Mykol.
1920,
hardly
to
the
on
majority
possess
accept only
any
one
with Pinus
the
level
several
of these with
predictive
as
macroscopical
would
a
value.
species with
two
and Cedrus.
Nov.
1541
(holotype
of iI.
roseipes,
copied from Malen9on
larger
it
differs in
having
spores.
Heim
6.
(Suppl.):
1955.
5.
1955.
1976.
castanea Peck
1904.
I. SPLENDENS
ochraceous
brown
earth
brown
blackish
to
splendens,
there
are
no
adapted
ultimately result
local
distribution,
Considering
the
at
and I.
least
a
rather
but such
a
216
or
217
phaeoleuca
differences
partly pheno-
have been
ecotypes
in
p.
absent
phaeoleuca, p.
microscopical
are
(dark) brown,
splendens,
brown, velipellis
terrifera,
I.
differences
locally
to
var.
var.
variants of I.
Besides,
specific
9
I.
OF
adhering
united here
=
thick, colourless
/am
earth
are
and
determined.
Recognition
species,
taxa,
R.
30: 77.
non
(6-)8-17(-20); pileus
extreme
different, they
between these
typically
the
with
3.0
but
Karst.,
and
(2-)3—7(—10); pileus yellowish buff,
=
viscid
1.6-1.8, Q
pleurocystidia. Paracystidia
has been
(Suppl.):
9
Oyonnax
KEY TO THE VARIETIES
1.
=
1931.
Oyonnax
Bull. Soc. Nat.
Ceske
cortina,
328.
observed.
1970).
Inocybe splendens
Veselsky
to
up
to
Associated
sindonia (Fr.) P.
stipe,
91.
Inocybe splendens
1: 393-396.
Q
/urn,
Spain). April,
macroscopical description of this species
(Fl. Champ,
5.8
x
not
4-spored. Caulocystidia descending
/am,
trees.
Cortina
Taste unknown.
Azrou, 13.XI.1944, Malenpon
OROCCO:
MPU).
a
8-10
from the Mediterranean Region (Morocco,
only
& Bertault
x
cheilocystidia.
similar to
35-55
Pleurocystidia (53—)55—58(—62)
apex.
similar
Cheilocystidia
clavate, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 28-33
to
9.8
average
tinge. Stipe
greater part, whitish
over
over).
all
subfusiform, thick-walled, with
abundant.
at apex,
moderately crowded,
marginate bulb, solid, pinkish
faintly spermatic.
1.7, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform, with distinctly conical
x
Lamellae
faint olivaceous
pinkish tinges conspicuous
(5.0—)5.5—6.5
x
base
at
(but probably
pileus, pinkish
215
I
margin subripiulose.
at
downwards but
upper part
(8.5—)9.0—10.5
Spores
P
somewhat broadened
to
pallescent
apex,
base,
at
equal
mm,
Y
then sordid ochraceous with
narrowly adnate, greyish,
x
u
large
found.
number of
taxonomy would
above, it appears unavoidable
rather well-delimited varieties.
216
P E
91.1.
Inocybe splendens
R. Heim
MISAPPLIED NAMES.
Inocybe phaeoleuca
37: 28.
SELECTED
Stangl
mycol.
ICONES.
pi. 1,
43:
f.
Heim,
R.
—
5-7.
(as
1965
in
Ceska
63.
(as
I.
when
1980
in
Kiihner
Schweiz.
1986
191-192
Figs.
—
Inocybe
—
Fungus
Pilzk.
Z.
in
later
mm
straight
4/4, 4/6]
YR
yellow-brown
velipellis
2.
Veselsky
&
1944.
21.
Y
with
1965;
4-13
x
when
Stangl
sensu
Pelargonium, spermatic
Furrer-Ziogas
in
pi.
I.
7.
(as
1971
alluvionis).
I.
in
Pilzk.
Z.
Schweiz.
Z.
phaeoleuca).
Alessio, Iconogr.
—
all
Amanita
when
Spores 8.0—11.5(—12.0)
brownish
young, then
but
cut. Taste
umbo,
5/6,
YR
hardly
or
with
with
smooth
45-70,
1
whitish,
and generally
1-3, crowded,
=
whitish
pileus, pale
or
distinctly
Y 8/4-7/
collection with
one
collection discolouring
so
to
yellow [2.5
bulb, in
more
6/4, 5/4], finally
Y
submarginately
ochraceous
sometimes
and
age
a
tinge; edge fimbriate,
inconspicuously
Context whitish in
phalloides,
=
yellow [2.5
with whitish
in another
but often
over,
not
up
covered
then
L
but often
pale
to
[10
almost free, but sometimes
to
greyish
equal,
broad
around disc and with scattered
pileus
olivaceous
an
discolouring
dark
to
brown
lower l/3rd. Cortina
on
ochraceous
yellow
stipe.
in
reminiscent of leaves
more
of
distinct.
not
5.0-6.5(-7.0)
x
adnate
narrowly
mostly
breaking
initially
and
indexed
strongly
low
ochraceous
with fibrils
slightly
Lamellae,
centre.
but
half often somewhat darker,
outer
on
with
applanate,
or
conspicuous
7/6],
centre,
sometimes
mm,
specimens.
as
Y
velipellis
around
tinges in lower half,
spontaneously
(as
1976
with
in lower part, but
pruinose (almost)
observed in young
Smell
—
37:
adhering earth, persisting
rather
pale brownish, especially
delicate violaceous
around
without
marginately bulbous, solid, whitish,
in lower half,
[2.5
sometimes with
4/4],
concolorous, Stipe 21-95
or
1931.
Pilzk.
rimulose-subrimose,
especially
colours
sordid whitish
[2.5
5.
1.
Z.
subsquamulose-subsquamose;
broad, (sub)ventricose,
broadly adnate,
f.
f.
in
specimens, sericeous-fibrillose,
margin, exceptionally
near
90,
margin,
buff
yellowish
recurvately
with rather darker
on
pm,
average 8.8-10.3
x
5.2-6.4
Q
pm,
=
1.5-1.9,
1.6-1.8, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform, partly with suprahilar depression, with subconical
=
Pleurocystidia
apex.
rather
(49-)50-82
thick-walled, with
lageniform,
heavily crystalliferous
up
at
x
14—27(—29)
to
3.0
apex,
fusiform
clavate,
pm,
thick, almost colourless
pm
similar
frequent. Cheilocystidia
frequent. Paracystidia pyriform, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
4-spored.
scarce
Caulocystidia
and rather
HABITAT
with
Stangl
alluvionis
15:
43:
spreading, plano-convex
sometimes radially
somewhat viscid
shiny,
16,
Stangl
—
pi.
30:
Mykol.
with
pale-coloured
but
Inocybe: pi.
Genre
mm, convex, soon
young,
seemingly
patches
<3
splendens
Schweers in
sensu
3,
Vol.
terrifera).
(dark) brown [10
to
diverging,
not
A—Suppl.
I
phaeoleuca).
I.
Veselsky
especially
6]
N
var.
Furrer-Ziogas
sensu
sometimes without umbo,
3-9
O
Inocybe terrifera
—
Inocybe fulvida
—
pi.
Pileus 23-78
then
O
splendens
&
29:
margin
6/6]
S
1971.
Pilzk.
—
I.
R
descending
irregular
& DISTRIBUTION.
in lower
—
(almost)
half
Under
of
to
base
stipe,
frondose
_
in the
stipe,
mixed with
trees
Betula, Populus, Alnus,
Fagus, Quercus, Tilia,
of
on
part.
Not
uncommon
in
the
to
Netherlands
utriform,
pleurocystidia,
Basidia 25-38
similar
never
pale yellowish
to
wall,
rather
8-12
pm,
cheilocystidia
but
x
cauloparacystidia throughout.
calcareous sand and
and Salix.
_
western
to
to
Widespread
on
alluvial
in
clay.
Associated
Europe, especially
clay,
but
also
in
the
calcareous coastal dunes. June-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
17.X.1952,
3.X1.1938,
22.1X.1981,
NETHERLANDS:
EXAMINED.
Huijsman;
Steenderen,
Schweers,
5.X.
27.V111.1959,
Schreurs
Bas
1739
634,
1941,
22.X.1947, Huijsman
&
Schweers
29.1X. 1982,
, 28.V11.1960,
Bas
25.1X. 1954,
Vellinga
1976,
15.1X.1982, Kuyper 2215; Oegstgeest, 1.1X.1982,
1515
&
1516; Rotterdam, 17.1X.1960,
Bas
prov.
&
477;
Bas
prov.
15.V111.1962,
Bas
2199;
Gelderland:
65P,
prov.
Doetinchem,
1250;
Valburg,
Utrecht:
Utrecht,
10.X.1981, Piepeybroek
Zuid-Holland,
Bas
2601,
31.V11.1981, Kuyper
Leiden,
1654
7905; Oostvoorne, 7.X.1980, Kuyper 1512,
Voorschoten, 5.X.1980, Kuyper
&
1513,
1507, 23.V11.1981,
K
Kuyper
Meijer 460\
de
de Saint
Germain,
Augsburg, Goggingen,
I.
1.
seems
2.
3.
Considering
the
Z.
am
Pilzk.
His
misappliction.
91.2. I.
Inocybe
var.
sensu
SELECTED
mycol.
ICONES.
pi.
29:
66.
—
—
1980
Pileus
12-46
YR
(as
rimulose
mm,
soon
M.,
and
of
splendens,
which
I.
difference.
state
velipellis
a
weakly developed,
smooth
a
somewhat
seems
Pilzk.
and
in
rather
ecotypes.
Furrer-Ziogas
by
Z.
and
are
locally adapted
depicted
Stangl (in
to var.
rank, is
37: 28.
sensu
Ic.
37:
7.
pi.
not to var.
(in
1971),
phaeoleuca.
is another indication of his
phaeoleuca
close
extremely
are
correct.
9
Oyonnax
—
(=
1971
Konr. &
Fung.
sel.
phaeoleuca).
conico-convex
mm
2-7
at
margin,
at
with
age
comb. &
(Suppl.):
stat.
nov.
193
Fig.
—
(basionym).
1955
5.
in Schweiz.
Mos.
splendens
I.
M.,
pi.
1:
1930
Julich,
&
(as
I.
Farbatl.
1965
(=
splendens
I.
splendens).
Fung.
Ic. sel.
76.
Z. Pilzk. 43: 21.
var.
pi.
1:
76.
brunnea).
1930.
—
Alessio, Iconogr.
Basidiomyc.: pi.
clods
when
young, then
mm,
an
(reddish)
mostly equal,
pure white
to
to
with fibrils
14.
f.
1.
broadly
ochraceous
L
to
buff,
=
8/6,
or
[10
1985
not
or
YR
slightly
centre
3/3, 4/2-4], smooth
diverging,
sometimes
recurvately subsquamulose
30-60, 1
whitish
never
with
paler],
5/6]
margin
umbonate
=
to
causing slight greyish
1-3, somewhat crowded,
brown
[2.5
finally ochraceous
contrasting
YR
not
narrowly adnate, sometimes almost free,
fimbriate,
slightly
indexed
almost blackish brown around
and then
up
sometimes subbulbous but
YR
strongly
applanate,
dark brown [7.5
to
Lamellae,
tinge; edge
ochraceous brown
to
present, but then indistinct and
(conspicuously
pale ochraceous [10
lower half
or
rather
pale
brown
brown
breaking
of earth.
olivaceous
plano-convex
convex,
margin
absent
with
campanulato-convex
or
slightly
broad, (sub)ventricose,
(almost)
to
dark
very
2/1, 2/2, 3/2, 3/3],
sometimes with
age
lack
complete
soils and
clayey
as
terrifera and
Soc. Nat.
brunnea
subsquarrulose; velipellis
whitish
in
on
clods of earth
spreading, becoming
hue, without adhering
first
1965)
specific
Pilzk.
&
I.
Adige,
Alto
and have
brown)
consists of several
disc, outwards sericeous-ftbrillose,
around
2-5
Z.
Inocybe
with low broad umbo,
[5-7.5
x
in
Konr.
1968, Stangl (as
I. castanea Peck
non
Stangl
Oise,
Bavaria,
outward aspect
subviscid
dark
to
phaeoleuca (Kühner) Kuyp.,
Bull.
75.
phaeoleuca).
when young,
even
3.V11.
the
by
specimens with
specimens
that I.
deserve
Kuhner in
Velen.,
MISAPPLIED NAME.
or
(even
Inocybephaeoleuca sensu Furrer-Ziogas
—
splendens);
I.
5-7.
depicted
statement
splendens
EXCLUDED.
&
Clinge,
Seine &
ITALY: prov.
variable is
encountered
robust
f.
1,
d:
n
Meijer
GERMANY:
PRM)
characterised
whereas
darker
probably
type
also
probably
castanea
is
well-developed
a
earth,
expecially
pi.
not
Inocybe phaeoleuca
alluvionis,
I.
a
de
Dpt
FRANCE:
1983, Stangl.
rather
convinced that their specimens refer
and may
(as
much
rather
43:
Furrer-Ziogas (I.e.)
var.
with
clods of
are
This
Schweiz.
of
1
e
scarcety of cheilocystidia. More materialof this variant
splendens is
var.
conspicuous
xerophytic.
more
2193.
(herb. Romagnesi).
12.IX.
e
better evaluation of the relevance of this character
The former type is
pileus.
Park,
France
from
extreme
innate velipellis
more
59.262
Z
prov.
Oostburg, 7.V11.1980,
1821.
X.1981,.1981, Kuyper
pileus. Specimens
and bear
1982, Kuyper
1968, Stangl (holotype
Siebentisch
Kuyper 2140\
Meijer 400\
28.V1.
splendens
colour of the
pale
a
9.1X.
217
I
Europe
in
2.1X.1982J
1959, Romagnesi
and the
needed for
Inocybe
Inocybe
r:
21.1 X.1981,.1981, de
The collection
pleurocystidia
e
31.X.
24.1
Trento, Sopramonte,
I
Hulst,
alluvionis, PRM); Augsburg,
Notes:
p
Tirol, Jenbach, Innauwald,
AUSTRIA:
Pare
Y
1981, Bas 7787\ Wassenaar,
1628 & 20.1X.
15.X.1981,
u
and
or
marginately
pileus),
but
at
concolorous.
in
base
slightly
one
5/4],
21-59
bulbous, solid,
discolouring
collection
even
Y
Stipe
dark
at
with
discolouring
brown [7.5
YR
218
P
all
4/4-3/4], pruinose
observed
not
in
E
r
but
over
so
reminiscent of leaves of
Context
Pelargonium
3,
Vol.
1986
sometimes difficult
pruina
specimens.
young
a—Suppl.
i
on
or
whitish.
Amanita
as
to
in lower
see
Smell spontaneously
but
phalloides,
l/3rd. Cortina
faint, sometimes
when
(sub)spermatic
cut.
Taste indistinct.
8.0-11.5
Spores
5.0-6.5
x
on
/urn,
subconical
Pleurocystidia
apex.
sometimes slenderly clavate,
thick,
/am
similar
locystidia
exceptionally
spored. Caulocystidia descending
rather
Basidia
l/4th of
HABITAT
on
stipe
calcareous
S.
1967;
8.VII.1981,
and
—
N E
T
H
E
R
A
L
N
Z
prov.
et-Auffe,
e
1
e
a
Roptai,
Le
n
d,
2.X.
Haamstede,
1984, Kuyper
2614; Nismes, 30.IX.1984, Kuyper
Velenovsky
(holotype
—
GERMANY:
Park,
telsbacher
of
I.
en
—
Valois,
8-11
x
Bole,
to
up
2.0(-2.5)
Chei-
frequent.
apex,
spheropedunculate
/am,
Quercus,
in
to
few
2-
4-spored,
a
but rather
irregular
Carpinus,
throughout.
Betula, Populus,
in North
occurring
also
Europe,
5. XI.
S:
F
prov.
i
r
e
1
s
28.IX.1952
a
i
d
H
-
1
o
I
1972, Huijsman.
Dourbes,
a
—
n
Jlloviste,
Retz,
BELGIUM:
Namur,
Bohemia, Karlstejn,
1919, Velenovsky
V.
9.VII.
Foret
(as
1974, Romagnesi
2. VIII.
Dames
PRC,
74.66
I.
VII.
&
1916,
castanea).
—
(herb. Romagnesi).
13.IX.1981, Kuyper
d'Othenetten,
Avc-
2610
1982, Kuyper 2082; Augsburg,
Szod,
HUNGARY:
1961, Huijsman;
prov.
Tiene-au-Pauquis, 1.X.1984, Kuyper
Park,
Siebentisch
—
Castricum, 2.XI.1984,
d,Oostvoorne,4.XI.1981,ATw>'/>e7'
CZECHOSLOVAKIA:
2118.
d, Terschelling, 18.X.1981,
n
27.VI.1953, Huijsman; Buren,
&
Noord-Holland:
u
Foretde
Bavaria, Augsburg,
5.VIII.1982, Kuyper
SWITZERLAND:
6.XI.
2619 ;
PRC);
castanea,
Dpt Aisne, Oigny
FRANCE:
2602.
D
prov.
Kuyper 2671;Schoorl, 12.VI.1984,Xaag;prov.Z
2015]
at
cheilocystidia,
similar to
Doetinchem,
5.IX.1982, Rubers-,
&
24-30
Widespread
Pinus.
Gelderland:
11.X.1981
thick-walled, with
utriform,
to
in the Netherlands. June-Nov.
uncommon
prov.
fusiform
/am,
with
depression,
Under frondose trees, sometimes also under coniferous trees,
—
repens,
COLLECTIONS EXAMINED.
Kuyper
suprahilar
Paracystidia
loam. Associated with Fagus,
sand and
America, rather
(1.4-) 1.5-1.9, Q
=
and there less thick-walled, mixed with cauloparacystidia
& DISTRIBUTION.
Alnus, Salix cinerea,
Q
/am,
12—21(—22)
x
frequent.
base of stipe,
to
5.2-6.3
x
indistinct
heavily crystalliferous
pyriform, thin-walled, colourless, frequent.
in lower
with
sublageniform,
rather
pleurocystidia,
to
few
a
(49-) 50-74(-78)
colourless wall,
(almost)
8.8-10.6
average
1.6-1.8, smooth, (sub)amygdaliform,
=
Wit-
1778.
—
1.IX.1966, Huijsman;
Vaumarcus, 7.IX.1960, Huijsman; Planeyse, 5.IX.1965, Huijsman.
92.
Inocybe
vaccina Kiihner
SELECTED
mycol.
29:
ICONES.
pi.
68.
Pileus 7-30
age,
L
=
at
=
1-3,
Soc. Nat.
Veselsky
&
Oyonnax
in
Ceska
9
—
(Suppl.):
Mykol.
30:
Fig.
194
7.1955.
pi. 90,
1976.
f. 3.
clavate
with obtuse umbo,
—
bright orange-brown
191-193], radially fibrillose, becoming
velipellis
rusty
to
orange-brown;
downwards, but
215, 246, 247, 194], especially
somewhat
present,
moderately crowded,
yellowish, finally
somewhat
Bull.
plano-convex,
at centre
margin rimulose;
40-45, 1
then
in
Stangl
vaccina Kühner
Alessio, Iconogr.
1980.
mm,
202-203,
[Seguy
—
Inocybe
without
with
age,
4
mm
persisting
to
around
centre.
broad, subventricose,
edge fimbriate, whitish. Stipe
bulb, solid, pale
indistinctly pruinose
fulvous
orange
minutely squamulose
adnate, whitish,
12-29
x
2-4
orange flesh-coloured
for the
with
Lamellae,
mm,
[Seguy
greater part. Context
whitish. Smell indistinct.
Spores
8.5-10.0
smooth, regular
apex.
to
x
5.0-6.0
/im,
on
subamygdaliform,
Pleurocystidia (50-)55-66(-72)
subutriform, thick-walled,
tinged wall, crystalliferous
with up
at
to
average 8.9-9.3
partly
x
with
a
13—19(—21)
2.5(-3.0)
apex, rather
pm
x
5.2-5.6
gm,
Q*= 1.6-1.8, Q
suprahilar depression,
/im,
thick,
cylindrical
to
almost colourless
frequent. Cheilocystidia
fusiform,
to
similar
=
1.7,
with (sub) conical
sometimes
slightly yellowishto
pleurocystidia,
K
4-spored.
but
e
Caulocystidia
Picea.
& DISTRIBUTION.
Apparently
in
Inocybe
r:
almost
descending
above base rather irregular, mixed with
just
HABITAT
and
P
Europe
219
I
clavate, thin-walled, colqurless, frequent. Basidia 24-31
rather frequent. Paracystidia
jjm,
u Y
—
Under frondose
rare
very
in
Europe.
base of
to
stipe,
cauloparacystidia
and
similar
almost
x
8-10
cheilocystidia,
to
throughout.
coniferous trees. Associated with Quercus
Known
from
one
locality
in the
Netherlands.
May, Sept.-Oct.
COLLECTIONS
EXAMINED.
1983, van
8.IX.
1976, Tjallingii-Beukers;
—
S
Kanton
recognised
because
has
a
Noord-Holland, Bakkum,
Pont-de-Nant
of
sur
conspicuous
brown
pileus,
1967,Huijsman\ Unterageri, Zugerberg,
Bex, 6.IX.1984, Kuyper
bright
an
orange
2521.
tinges
orange-brown stipe
in
and
pileus.
spores
almost obtuse apex.
Inocybe glabrescens Velen.,
Inocybe
metrodii
SELECTED
Stangl
ICONES.
1979
(as
I.
—
Ceske
Houby:
Veselsky
&
Velen.
Inocybe glabrescens
93.
33: 221.
Vaudt,
prov.
D: St Aubin, 27.X.
WITZERLAN
tjallingiorum Kuyp.
Inocybe
an
Bergh.
Easily
Note:
with
de
NETHERLANDS:
—
29. V.
Velen.,
Ceske
in
373.
Ceska
—
Fig.
195
1920.
Mykol.
Houby: pi. 61.
33:
f.
220.
4.
1979.
1920.
—
Stangl
&
Veselsky
in
metrodii).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from
Fig.
194.
Inocybe
Fig.
195.
Inocybe glabrescens.
vaccina.
—
—
Van
de
Bergh).
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
metrodii).
Ceska Mykol
220
P
Pileus
with
or
20-50(-60)
E
R
S
O
I A—Suppl.
N
conico-convex,
mm,
4-6
moderately crowded,
edge fimbriate,
fibrillose,
white.
mm
not
8.0-10.0
x
2-6(-8)
x
to
pm
thick,
5.0-6.0(-6.5)
on
pm,
&
equal,
mm,
not
or
to
but
—
around
brownish;
in
base,
at
conspicuously
most
pileus, yellowish
average
9.2
x
5.8
pm,
Q
=
1.5-1.9, Q
Pleurocystidia (47-)48-64(-67)
apex.
at
crystalliferous.
apex
Cheilocystidia
similar
stipe,
Under conifers
to
similar
9-10
pm,
pm,
2.0(-2.5)
pleu-
to
4-spored.
cheilocystidia.
to
at
x
1.6-1.8,
=
14-18
x
indistinctly sublageniform, thick-walled, with up
base of
DISTRIBUTION.
or
hardly thickened
clavate, thin-walled, colourless. Basidia 25-30
Caulocystidia descending
HABITAT
or
colourless wall,
Paracystidia
smooth
recorded.
not
subutriform
(almost)
rocystidia.
margin,
yellowish, pruinose throughout
smooth, subamygdaliform, with subconical
slenderly fusiform,
towards
paler
observed in youngspecimens. Context whitish
in stipe. Smell indistict. Taste
Spores
somewhat
broad, narrowly adnate, whitish, then yellowish
solid, whitish, discolouring with age
in upper half. Cortina
1986
margin radially rimose; velipellis indistinct. Lamellae
at
30-60
Stipe
3,
Vol.
plano-convex, with low, broad umbo
to
convex
conspicuous umbo, (dark) brown,
centre, outwards radially
so
O
road-side.
Very
rare
in
Central
Europe.
July-Oct.
COLLETIONS EXAMINED.
(lectotype
Stangl (holotype
Notes:
Stangl
&
(presence
of I.
—
of I.
1. The
of
a
Ceska
conspicuous
Mykol.
umbo)
there
and I. metrodii. The
the
German
has for the
33: 220.
are
2.
Inocybe
glabrescens
distinctly radially
differs from I.
rimose
phaeoleuca (Kiihner) Kuyp.
rimulose
at
1915, Velenovsky
margin.
has
margin
a
in
been
of I. metrodii mentions
suggests
habit
vaccina
an
an
assocition
with
association
Picea.
221).
Kiihner
of pileus.
much darker
from
copied
macroscopical
much differences between the types
not
protologue
translation
greater part
1979). Except
See also comments under I. abietis Kiihner (p.
more
VIII.
Landsberg, Kaltenberg, 20.X. 1973,
GERMANY:
macroscopical description
whereas
with Pinus,
—
metrodii, PRM).
Veselsky (in
glabrescens
Bohemia, Mnichovice,
C ZECHOSLOVAKIA:
glabrescens, design, mihi, PRC).
of I.
in
Inocybe
pileus
and
less
bright
splendens
is hardly
colours
R.
or
Heim
not
and
var.
radially
K
U
Y
P
Jnocybe
r:
E
Europe
in
221
I
EXCLUDED SPECIES AND NOMINA DUBIA
abietis.
did
I
—
Inocybe
conforming
aemula.
aemula
obtaining
Kiihner's
to
glabrescens
I.
abietis Kiihner in Bull. Soc. Nat. Oyonnax 9 (Suppl.): 3.
succeed in
not
the type
time
the
The
Type non-existing.
5: 785.
&
description
Bresinsky (in
Z.
albidoincarnata.
Metrod in Rev. Mycol.
Type non-existing.
Ver.
naturw.
species
Augsburg
abietis
must
28:
The
completely
close
comes
remain
155. 1885.
is
short
too
47:
reasonable
a
that it
1981) suggested
unlikely
seems
allow
to
as
238.
to
doubtful.
—
guess
might
in view of the smooth
Inocybe
11: 53.
Syll. Fung.
1895.
—
Ripartites
as
be
to
its
form
a
pileus.
Agaricus albidoincarnatus Britz. in Bot. Zbl. 54(15-17):
—
albidoincarnata (Britz.) Sacc.,
(Britz.)
of the
identity
I.
protologue
1955.
collections
see
1887.
Mykol.
of I. dulcamara (Pers.) Kumm., but this
Inocybe
the
being
Agaricus aemulus Britz. in Ber.
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
identity. Stangl
from the
description. Judging
Velen. For
—
loan. Neither did I
on
67.
1893.
—
albidoincarnatus
11: 76. 1946.
in the
species belongs
genus
Ripartites
R. albidoincarnatus(Britz.)
as
Metrod.
annulata.
chovice,
Inocybe annulata Velen., Ceske Houby: 371. 1920.
—
Lectotype
(design.
1919,
VII.
in Persoonia
Kuyper
Velenovsky
12:
1985): Czechoslovakia, Bohemia,
378.
(PRC). This collection represents
Agrocybe
Mni-
erebia (Fr.:
Fr.)
Kiihner.
apicrea.
Soc.
—
bot.
—
Agaricus apicreus Fr., Epicr.:
Fr.
23:
113.
1876.
Pholiota apicrea (Fr.)
Art.
—
Mos.
1838.
188.
—
Flammula apicrea (Fr.)
Inocybe apicrea (Fr.)
Roze
Gillet, Hymenomycetes:
1. Aufl.:
Bauchpilze,
195.
in Bull.
119.
1876.
1953 (inval.,
Blatter-
und
close
(or is identical with) Pholiota alnicola (Fr.:
in Gams,
33.2).
Type
non-existent. The
species
comes
to
Fr.) Sing.
asinina.
asinina
1 failed
likely
—
Agaricus asininus Kalchbr.
(Kalchbr.) Kalchbr.,
to
locate
autumnalis.
—
(Velen.) Kuyp.
type.
does
Inocybe
Judging
not
in Fr.,
Hymenomyc.
—
in the genus
Inocybe
genus
autumnalis Velen., Ceske
in Persoonia 12: 378.
species
Hymenomyc.
Hung.:
eur.:
230.
1874.
—
Inocybe
38. 1875.
illustration
from Kalchbrenner's
belong to the
(pi. 22,
f.
1)
it
Houby:
372. 1920.
—
Agrocybe autumnalis
Agrocybe,
avellana Kumm.,
as
Velenovsky (PRC).
The
A. autumnalis (Velen.)
Fiihr.
Pilzk.:
1871,
79.
holotype
represents
non-existent. The
description
is
too
short
to
allow
a
an
Kuyp.
non
I.
avellanea Y.
Kobay.
1952.
Type
seems
Inocybe.
1985.
Czechoslovakia, Kosor, X.1919,
Holotype:
autonomous
avellana.
the
species
that this
Ic. sel.
reasonable
determination.
222
P
avenacea.
Lepiota
state
does
permit
not
—
36.1).
I have
S
O
O
a
I a—Suppl.
N
Vol.
3,
1986
Velen., Ceske Houby: 387. 1920.
Bohemia,
Mnichovice,
out
L.
near
1918 (PRC). The
VII.
clypeolaria (Bull.: Fr.)
species
Kumm.
belongs
The
bad
reliable identification.
basicitrata J. Schaeff. in Ber.
Inocybe
studied authentic
not
R
Lepiota, where it keys
sect.
basicitrata.
Art.
avenacea
Czechoslovakia,
Holotype:
to
Inocybe
—
E
material.
The
bot. Ges. 27: 208.
bayer.
is
description
scanty
too
1947
allow
to
(inval.,
reliable
a
determination.
birra.
Agaricus birrus Fr., Epicr.:
—
Natur Folk
Kanned. Finl.
32:
469.
324.
1879.
1838.
—
Inocybe birra (Fr.)
Hebeloma birrum
—
P.
in
Karst.
Bidr.
Fung. 5:
(Fr.) Sacc., Syll.
794. 1887.
Type non-existent.
bresadoliana.
nom. nov.
I
for I.
failed
The
species belongs
Bres. 1930,
obtain type
to
bresadoliana M.
Inocybe
—
fuscidula
the genus Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumm.
to
material.
I.
non
Its
identity
abjecta (P. Karst.)
brevipes.
Sacc.
Inocybe
—
I. nitidiuscula (Britz.)
or
tigrina f. brevipes
Type non-existent. Judging
of I.
Inocybe deglubens
—
15:
dubious for
time
the
1930) it
735.
pi.
being.
close
comes
to
Sacc.
Heim, Genre Inocybe: 232. 1931.
description
it
only
seems
variant
insignificant
an
) Sacc.
flocculosa (Berk.
bulbillosa.
R.
from the
1983;
1920.
remain
mycol.
12(48): 44. ('1982')
mycol.
Docs
Velen.
must
Judging from Bresadola's description (Iconogr.
I.
in
Bon
fuscidula
Type non-existent. The
var.
description
bulbillosa
and
Heim, Genre Inocybe: 206.
R.
illustration
are
not
sufficiently
1931.
clear
to
allow
a
determination.
caesariata.
Karst. in
—
Agaricus
Epicr.:
caesariatus Fr.,
Type non-existent. Inocybe caesariata has
to a
species
a
suggests
176.
with
a
rimose
pileus
and
a
variety
nodulose-spored species, e.g.
of A.
I.
caesariatus that he called
Mallocybe Kuyp.,
and
was
variously interpreted.
been
var.
interpretation
of
Holotype:
is
a
—
species of Psathyrella
(Schaeff.
-»
Fr., Syst.
Fr. 23:
(Fr.)
P.
as
I.
113.
Bohemia,
sect.
Ceske
near
the
type
caesariata
the
I.
Houby:
Kits
this
description
I. praetervisa Quel.
is
a
depicted
member of subgen.
caesariata
by
Heim (Genre
member of subgen.
a
mycological
Mallocybe
literature.
917. 1922.
Mnichovice,
Spadiceae (Morg.)
of
as
or
described and
1877)
taxon
The protologue refers
opinion
my
1920, Velenovsky
IX.
van
Wav.,
most
likely
(PRC). This
P.
spadicea
Kumm.) Sing.
carbonaria.
Fr.:
Velen.,
Inocybe caespitosa
Czechoslovakia,
109, f. 3.
fibrillosus. This
become dominantin
unfortunately has since then
caespitosa.
In
trechispora (Berk.) P. Karst.
taken
incorrectly
167. 1931), and this
Inocybe:
caesariata
Inocybe
—
completely pruinose stipe.
Later, however, Fries (Ic. sel. Hymenomyc. 2: 8, pi.
a
1838.
Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 459. 1879.
—
Observ.
mycol. 2: 33.
Agaricus carbonarius Fr.,
mycol.
1876,
non
1: 252.
1821.
—
Inocybe
carbonaria (Fr.:
I. carbonaria Velen. 1920.
—
1818.
Fr.)
—
Agaricus carbonarius
Roze in Bull. Soc.
Flammula carbonaria
bot.
(Fr.: Fr.) Kumm.,
K
Fiihr.
1951,
Pilzk.:
non
82.
1871.
—
u
Y
Type non-existent.
It
Inocybe
r:
e
Pholiota carbonaria
carbonaria A. H. Smith
P.
p
represents
in
Europe
223
I
(Fr.:AFr.) Sing,
in Lilloa 22:
517.
('1949')
1944.
of Pholiota and it
taxon
a
must
be
called
P.
highlandensis
(Peck) A. H. Smith & Hesler.
carpta.
Agaricus
—
169.
as
—
1772.
449.
Inocybe
—
I.
as
a
by
species
Bresadola
Heim (Genre
to
The
me.
Inocybe castanopsis Hruby in Hedwigia 70: 276.
No type-material
found
was
The
BRNO.
at
description
is
756.
has
species
not
1930
short
too
Inocybe
Inocybe:
16: pi.
mycol.
(Iconogr.
unclear
(Scop.)
carpta
reasonable interpretation.
a
R. Heim is
sensu
carpta
for
smooth-spored species by
since.
ever
castanopsis.
2:
short
too
viz.
nodulose-spored
a
1930). The interpretation of
been reported
is
protologue
diversely interpreted,
and
1931)
carniol.
1871.
non-existent. The
Type
carpta has been
Fl.
Scop.,
carptus
Kumm., Fiihr. Pilzk.: 79.
to
allow
reasonable
a
determination.
catalaunica.
—
cincinnata.
cristatus
—
cincinnata
my
a
Fr.)
(Fr.-> )
Quel,
change for
48.1
transferred
Ges.
55:
The
Mem. Soc.
A.
was
according
does
genus
name
for
phaeocomis (Pers.) Kuyp.
claviceps.
—
claviceps (Fr.)
recognised
1838
Fr.
Inocybe
A.
var.
,
As
of
the
1838
Fr.
phaeocomis (see
p.
Agaricus
I.
—
must
non
I.
Fr.
1821
type of the
the
is
typified
be
cincinnatus
too
short
remain
must
illegitimate
(in
latter
allow
to
nomen
a
cincinnatus
of I.
homonym.
St
Jahrb.
Gall,
cincinnata (Fr.:
cincinnata
(Fr.
When
naturwiss.
Fr.)
Quel.
) Nuesch
is
I.
271).
Monogr. Hymenomyc.
Sueciae 2: 346.
—
1863.
—
Hebeloma
Inocybe
claviceps
523. 1876.
a
member of the
Inocybe collivaga Velen.,
was
A.
Inocybe
1872,
original type from A.
an
Nuesch
and
—
lacerus) and under the provisions
A.
considered
be
done by
179.
for
nov.
1838.
1918.
description
the
illegitimate homonym
an
Agaricus claviceps Fr.,
type-material
a nomen
was
II, 5:
292.
(Fr.: Fr.) Quel,
excluded
a synonym
ser.
55:
typified with
be
must
(nom.
avowed substitutes
as
cincinnata
must
cincinnatus
Type non-existent. The species is
No
it
Ges.
1821
cincinnatus Fr.
P. Karst. in Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 469. 1879.
(Fr.) Gillet, Hymenomycetes:
collivaga.
as
as
1: 256.
A.
7.17.
exist, and
not
I.
Art.
172. 1838) soon
(Epicr.:
now
1918), it remains
292.
correct
non
Montbeliard,
nova
to
Scop.,
cristatus
species
cincinnatus
the
to
Emul.
ICBN, nomina
not
interpretation. Consequently,
cristatus Scop,
of Art.
A.
The type of this
clear
in
of the
7.9, and
dubium. However, Fries
(A.
245. 1947.
1:
Syst. mycol.
Nuesch in Jahrb. St Gall, naturwiss.
Art.
to
name
species.
a
Agaricus cincinnatus Fr.: Fr.,
interpretation
according
for
in Collect, bot.
Sing,
1772, non A. cristatus Bolt. 1788: Fr.),
Scop.
cincinnata (Fr.:
was
catalaunica
remain doubtful.
consequently,
In
Inocybe
type-material of I. catalaunica could be obtained and the identity of this species must,
No
found
at
PRC
Ceske
nor
genus
Houby:
at
PRM.
Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumm.
381.
1920.
Consequently
the
name
must
remain
dubium.
conissans.
—
Agaricus
conissans
Fr.,
Epicr.:
187.
1838.
—
Inocybe
conissans
(Fr.)
Roze
224
in
P
Soc. bot.
Bull.
Fr.
23:
Type non-existent.
The
13: 81.
bot.
113.
so
r
1876.
i
on
A—Suppl.
3,
1986
conissans (Fr.) Kuyp. &
Pholiota
—
Vol.
in Persoonia
Tjall.
1986.
conspersa.
Pers.:
e
Fr.,
—
Agaricus
Syst.
23:
Fr.
species belongs
1: 260.
113.
1876.
1821.
Tubaria
—
Pholiota (Fr.) Kumm.
genus
Pers., Ic. Descr. Fung. 2: 50.
conspersus
mycol.
to the
Inocybe
—
(Pers.: Fr.)
conspersa
1800.
in
Fay.
—
Agaricus
Roze
Fr.)
(Pers.:
conspersa
Sci.
Ann.
conspersus
in
Bull.
Soc.
Bot.,
nat.
ser.
VII, 9: 355. 1889.
Type
non-existent.
corcontica.
species belongs
The
Inocybe
—
to the
Tubaria
genus
(W.
G.
Sm.) Gillet.
Velen., Ceske Houby: 370. 1920.
corcontica
Holotype: Czechoslovakia, Krkonose, VII.1918, Velenovsky (PRC). The holotype represents
Hypholoma lateritium (Schaeff.: Fr.) Kumm. (= H. sublateritium (Fr.) Quel.).
cristata.
Fr.
Agaricus cristatus Scop.,
—
Inocybe
—
(Scop.
cristata
1889 (illegitimate, superfluous for I.
non-existent. The
Type
identity.
cucullata.
did
name
must
cucullata C.
Inocybe
—
in
considered
Kumm.)
Type
P.
for I.
Karst.
in Bidr.
non-existent. See
deglubens.
E.
short for
too
a
(Fr.:
I. lacera
reasonable
Finl.
516.
also
1: 587.
deglubens
in the
Bull.
Soc.
of this
bot.
Geneve
I.
deglubens
protologue
descissa.
as
are
—
a
139.
1892-1894.
species.
The
1838
) Kumm.,
->
32: 476.
Natur Folk
=
48:
211.
1889
Hebeloma scabellum
(Fr.
1879).
173.
1838.
deglubens (Fr.) Gillet,
Inocybe
—
it
a
brown-pruinose
may
adhering
nomen
have
to
dubium
been
the
till
apex
possible
stipe-apex,
the
time
I
that
of
that
(Berk.
a character
stipe,
this
consider
brown
it
pruina
better
) Sacc., but
->
otherwise unknown
to
is
only
regard
specimens conforming
caused
the
name
the Friesian
to
Agaricus
descissus
1783).
—
Epicr.:
Fr.,
descissa
Inocybe
174.
1838
(Fr.) Quel,
in
(illegitimate, superfluous
Mem. Soc. Emul.
for
A.
Montbeliard,
II, 5: 181. 1872 (illegitimate, superfluous for A. auricomus Batsch 1783).
As Agaricus
it is
7:
encountered.
auricomus Batsch
ser.
its
and Nuesch
1889),
described
insufficiently
to
as
by Fries
1876.
Although
of spores
e.g.
under scabella.
comments
differs in having
genus.
clusters
by
1788:
1: 587.
cincinnata.
comments under
Type non-existent. The protologue is reminiscent of I. flocculosa
I.
Bolt.
III,
guess
Fr.) Kumm.,
in Bidr. Kiinned. Finl. Natur Folk
scabella (Fr.
Kanned.
cristatus
Schlesien
dubium.
a nomen
Agaricus deglubens Fr., Epicr.:
—
Hymenomycetes:
See
in
Mart,
Inocybe debilipes P. Karst.
—
(illegitimate, superfluous
->
is
with
obtaining type-material
therefore be
debilipes.
non A.
Krypt.-Fl.
(Fr.: Fr.) Quel.).
cincinnata
description
Ges. 55: 292. 1918).
naturw.
succeed
not
1772,
in Cohn,
1838), Schroeter (in Cohn, Krypt.-Fl. Schlesien III,
(in Jahrb. St Gall,
I
Schroet.
repeatedly been synonymised
It has
172.
(Epicr.:
original
Fl. carniol. 2: 449.
J.
)
not
auricomus
typified
Agaricus descissus
destricta.
—
with
may
was
the
be
Agaricus
included in
type
of
A.
A.
descissus,
identical with I. phaeodisca
rimosus
var.
the
auricomus (Art.
destrictus
name
7.11).
var.
is
clearlyillegitimate, although
Judging
geophylloides
Fr., Epicr.:
174.
1838.
from the
protologue
Kiihner.
—
Agaricus destrictus
K
(Fr.) Fr.,
u Y
E
ser.
destricta
has been
used
1:
Europe
in
343.
225
I
destricta
Inocybe
—
(Fr.)
Quel,
in
II, 5: 181. 1872.
Type non-existent. The description is
epithet
Inocybe
r:
Sueciae
Monogr. Hymenomyc.
Mem. Soc. Emul. Montbeliard,
P
for
short
too
several
allow
to
species,
reasonable determination. The
a
for
e.g.
adaequata (see
I.
93) and I.
p.
pseudodestricta (see p. 309).
dollfusii.
Inocybe
—
Acad. Sci. URSS
failed
I
locate
to
remains doubtful
echinata.
(Fr.:
—
eutheles
16.
4(10-12):
the
type of this variety
that
5: 773.
Syll. Fung.
Type
to
located;
not
(Catal. bot.
the
2:
eriocephala.
f.
pi. 9,
Agaricus
—
Agaricus strigiceps
var.
1.
1800, sub
& DC.) Sacc.,
Type non-existent. Iconotype:
whether it is
eutheles.
Inocybe
—
The
Type
476.
has
located,
not
Karst.,
P.
but
B.
had
—
Type
this
is
11: 53.
Fr.,
Fr.
—
in
Br.
K
at
Bull.
evidently
5:
at
nor
the
Mag.
776.
an
was
23:
species belongs
1:
mycol.
113.
1876.
favorabilis.
—
in
illustration by
an
The
Sing,
species belongs
haematospermum (Pers.:
Syst.
3e ed.,
2:
174.
1805.
mycol.
1:
271.
1821.
1.
P. Karst.,
—
—
1792
(as
but it
Agaric
gna-
uncertain
seems
P. Karst.
nat.
Hist.,
However,
but
his
ser.
15: 5.
Ill,
Massee (in
from the
notes
identification of
misapplication
a
is M.
echinata
Fr.)
1865.
1887.
NY.
type,
with
me
as
A.
eutheles
Ann.
1955)
was
Bot.
18:
type-collection
species.
the
Oyonnax 9(Suppl.): 21.
Nat.
The
for I.
reported
name
sindonia
to
have
gathered in July.
—
249.
1821.
Hebeloma
to
the genus
Syn.
—
1893.
—
meth.
Agaricus favorabilis
favorabilis (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
non-existent. It is
impossible
Fung.:
fastibile (Pers.:
Britz.
11:
to
53.
Ripartites
Inocybe farcta (Britz.)
326.
P. Karst.
1801.
Inocybe fastibilis (Pers.:
Type non-existent. Agaricus fastibilis belongs
Type
Ripartites
Ann.
permit
to
Soc.
Agaricus fastibilis Pers.,
Syst.
identity
1895.
non-existent. The
fastibilis.
Pers.:
bot.
1887.
Agaricus farctus Britz. in Bot. Zbl. 54(15-17): 67.
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Its
Inocybe
—
Gunn.).
576, f.
pi.
strigiceps (Fr.: Fr.)
studied
insufficient
are
&
short and broad pleurocystidia and
farcta.
bot.
he
by Kiihner (in
used
Iceland.
1821.
fran?.,
Fr.,
5: 791.
France:
Sacc., Syll. Fung.
neither found
indicated that
the protologue
been
(Fr.)
too
Agaricus eutheles
eutheles (B. & Br.)
1904)
and
distinct from R.
Fl.
Fr.:
Syll. Fung.
the genus
to
by
name
& DC.,
Herb.
Bull.,
species belongs
specifically
—
Inst.
cryptog.
echinatum (Fr.:
echinatus
& DC)
(Lam.
286.
1:
typified
correct
Lam.
eriocephalus
is
A.
nom.
Velen., where its
eriocephalus
Inocybe eriocephala (Lam.
phaliocephale).
mycol.
Melanophyllum
—
Agaricus echinatus Fr.: Fr.
Melanophyllum
genus
Fr.) Kreisel.
described from
was
Fr., Syst.
1887.
Lilloa 22: 436. (T949') 1951.
Roth
Sect,
to me.
Agaricus echinatus Fr.:
Fr.) Sacc.,
in Notul. syst.
dollfusii Sing,
var.
1938.
to
in
Fr.) Kumm.,
Agaricus fastibilis
Roze
Fiihr.
in
Bull. Soc.
Pilzk.:
80.
1871.
the genus Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumm.
Bot.
Zbl.
54(15-17):
1895.
interpret
—
Fr.)
the
protologue.
66.
1893.
—
Inocybe
226
P
fibrosa.
E
R
so
i a—Suppl.
Novit.
Inocybe fibrosa Velen.,
—
on
3,
Vol.
121.
mycol.:
1986
1939,
I.
non
fibrosa (Sow.) Gillet
1876.
No type
found
was
that Velenovsky's
fibrosolacerata.
give
firma.
P.
in Sacc.,
species belongs
Ic.
Agaricus firmus Pers.,
—
Karst.
in Bidr.
the description
it
unlikely
seems
Britz. in
Syll. Fung.
Bot. Zbl. 68:
14:
Rimosae
to sect.
133.
111.
1896.
Inocybe
—
1899.
(Fr.) Sacc.,
but it
impossible
seems
determination.
exact
a more
from
Inocybe.
to
Sacc. & Syd.
non-existent. The
Type
PRM. Judging
at
nor
Agaricus fibrosolaceratus
—
fibrosolacerata (Britz.)
to
PRC
at
species belongs
Kanned.
Finl.
Descr.
Natur
Fung.
Folk
32:
1:
468.
15.
Inocybe firma
(Pers.)
Hebeloma firmum
(Pers.)
1798.
1879.
—
—
Sacc., Syll. Fung. 5: 793. 1887.
non-existent.
Type
frumentacea.
—
Agaricus firmus belongs
Agaricus frumentaceus
Inocybe frumentacea (Lam.
Lam. & DC., Fl.
does
iconotype
of Tricholoma
(Fr.)
not
represent
species
a
Staude. Bresadola
of
pi. 571,
Inocybe,
the
misapplied
3e
fran?.,
& DC.) Bres., Fungi trident. 2: 87.
non-existent. Iconotype: Bull., Herb. France:
Type
The
the genus Hebeloma (Fr.) Rummer.
to
ed., 2:
187.
1805.
—
1900.
f. 1. 1792
(as
Agaric frumentace).
probably represents
but
name
I.
anal.
Fung. 6:
for
frumentacea
species
a
adaequata
I.
(Britz.) Sacc.
fulva.
No
Agaricus geophilus
—
geophylla
var.
type-collection
544) by Patouillard,
fusus.
—
Roze in
516.
present
was
the
at
might
name
Soc.
bot.
Fr.
FH.
fuscidula.
23:
—
gintliana.
1876.
an autonomous
Inocybe fuscidula Bres.,
Inocybe
I. obscurobadia (J.
to
Pholiota fusus
—
Favre)
—
Grund & Stuntz.
Inocybe fusus (Batsch)
(Batsch)
Sing,
in Lilloa
22:
in the
species
Iconogr.
Pholiota (Fr.)
genus
mycol.
15:
pi.
735.
Kumm.
1930,
I.
non
fuscidula
—
under bresadoliana.
Inocybe gintliana Velen.,
Roblin,
Holotype: Czechoslovakia,
gintliana belongs
glutinosa.
—
to
Natur Folk
not
32:
467.
nat.
located. The
graminicola.
1916, Velenovsky (PRC). My type-study
Agaricus glutinosus Lindgren
Bull. Soc. Amis Sci.
Type
Ceske Houby: 385. 1920.
VII.
the genus Cortinarius
A. glutinosus Schaeff. 1774: Fr.
Finl.
—
Judging from the description and illustration (pi.
well refer
113.
1886.
40.
1887.
1920.
comments
that I.
Tab.
5: 785.
1951.
non-existent. It is
Velen.
See
fulvus Pat.,
Agaricus fusus Batsch, Elench. Fung., Cont. 2: 13. 1789.
Bull.
('1949')
Type
var.
fulva (Pat.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
—
—
1879.
Rouen,
in Bot.
—
Hebeloma
1845:
->
)
199.
to
graminicola Nees, Syst.
1845 (not
seen),
non
P. Karst. in Bidr. Kanned.
glutinosum (Lindgren
II, 15: 157. ('1879')
species probably belongs
Agaricus
Not.
Inocybe glutinosa (Lindgren
ser.
indicates
Fr.
P.
Karst.)
Quel,
in
1880.
the genus Hebeloma(Fr.) Kumm.
Pilze Schwamme: 202.
1817.
—
Agaricus
K
graminicola Nees: Fr.,
Syst.
in Bull. Soc. bot. Fr. 23:
Type
griseola.
p.
well
as
heterogenea.
—
262.
1:
description
Nees
by
f.
to
—
227
I
Inocybe graminicola (Nees:
—
to
seems
&
description
in Ber.
does
not
I.
to
Agaricus mesophaeus
—
Inocybe holophaea (Fr.)
mesophaeum
54.
allow
an
protologue
holophaeum (Fr.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
var.
—
Inocybe
a
member of the
var.
30:
19.
1890.
Augsburg
30:
19.
1890.
identification
Ver.
seems
holophaeus Fr.,
var.
Quel,
1895.
naturw.
R Karst. in Bidr. Kanned. Finl.
Type non-existent. Evidently
hygrophorus.
of the
interpretation
1931.
corydalina
Augsburg
Ver.
naturw.
11:
Agaricus hettematicus Britz. in Ber.
non-existent. The
holophaca.
&
Sacc.
Cooke)
Britz.
289.
Inocybe:
Inocybe hettematica (Britz.) Sacc. & Trott. in Sacc., Syll. Fung. 21:
Type
Roze
Fr.)
Crinipellis scabellus (A.
suggest
could apply
description
I. haemacta (B.
non-existent. The
hettematica.
Europe
in
R. Heim, Genre
griseola
short)
Agaricus heterogenous
—
1821.
Inocybe heterogenea (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Type
—
as
Inocybe
r:
000).
Type non-existent. The (very
corydalina
P E
1876.
Inocybe corydalina
—
Y
mycol.
113.
located. The
not
Fr.) Kuyp. (see
S.:
u
1912.
impossible.
Hymenomyc.
Natur Folk
32:
240.
eur.:
470.
1879.
1874.
—
Hebeloma
—
5: 795. 1887.
Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumm.
genus
hygrophorus Kiihner in
164.
trimest.
Bull,
Soc.
Fr.
mycol.
71:
169.
('1955') 1956.
did
I
succeed in
not
characters
not
obtaining
unlike I.
the type
on
loan.
Inocybe hygrophorus
P. Karst., but differs in
flavella
This latter character is reminiscent of I. maculata Boud., but that
darker.
the
It
identity
well
to
of I.
Kiihner's
ignobilis.
A.
I.
well be
could
—
hygrophorus
Agaricus
ignobilis { Berk.)
Type
imbecilis.
belongs
—
doubtful,
ignobilis
to
to
as
Cooke
Britz.
Inocybe
—
I did
in
in Ber.
Grevillea 19: 104.
interpretation
of
A.
Ver.
naturw.
the
is
generally
time
being
I
much
regard
that conformed
specimens
locate the type. On
1890,
54.
1895,
non
non
1891.
ignobilis
of the
Britz.
guttulating
seems
bot.
impossible
ital. 4: 76.
1872.
—
Inocybe
lamellae
I
suppose
that
A.
imbecilis
Inocybe.
Inocybe
inconcinna
P.
Karst.
non-existent. The
protologue
is
insufficiently
—
23.
11:
790. 1887.
5:
account
Augsburg 30:
) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Agaricus imbecilis Passerini in Nuov. Giorn.
the genus Hebeloma instead of
inconcinna.
cheilocystidia.
species
for
never come across
ignobilis (Britz.-*
(Passerini) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
failed
I
1842.
non-existent. The
imbecilis
as
maculata, but
I.
macroscopical
clavate
description.
Berk.
ignobilis
yellow variant of
a
is in its
having broadly
in
Meddn Soc.
Fauna
Flora
fenn.
16:
99.
1890.
Type
and the
R.
name
Heim
and
regarded
(Genre Inocybe:
sensu
of these
is best
Alessio
taxa
248.
(Iconogr.
remains unclear
a
nomen
1931),
mycol.
to
dubium.
sensu
29:
me too.
195.
It
Metrod
1980)
clear
seems
(in
to
allow
unlikely
Schweiz.
refer
to
certain
a
that I.
Z.
Pilzk.
Karsten's
identification
inconcinna
31:
taxon.
151.
The
sensu
1953),
identity
228
P
incrassata.
holotype
(not
the
complex
—
characters:
non-existent. The
indissimilis
insequens.
Type
non-existent. An
insignior.
I
did
—
laevispora.
type is in
a
4.5-5.5
x
On
laricina.
An
—
invalid
lenta.
Fr.,
Inocybe friesii
—
1: 253.
—
Type
—
was
found
Inocybe fastigiata
lobata
non-existent.
Kumm.
at
longicystis.
cannot
—
comments
var.
(R. Heim)
Judging
(R. Heim)
1918.
See
1882.
—
Inocybe insequens
1947.
therefore remain unclear.
must
1930.
—
Fig.
196.
IX. 1926, Hruby (BRNO).
characters:
in NH4OH,
spores
inamyloid;
is excluded
from
The
6.5-8.0(-8.5)
cheilocystidia
Inocybe,
not
although
1931.
287.
Fung.:
1801.
(Pers.: Fr.)
Agaricus lentus Pers.:
—
Roze
in
Bull.
Soc.
bot.
Fr.
Sing, in Lilloa 22: 516. ('1949') 1951.
good species
and I consider it therefore
I. arenicola
Fr.)
fraudans (Britz.) Sacc. Inocybe
impossible.
Monchsberg,
lenta
Inocybe
Inocybe leucopus Velen.,
fastigiata subsp.
to
1883.
misapplication.
identity
laevispora
meth.
Syn.
—
Pholiota lenta (Pers.: Fr.)
type-collection
lobata.
157.
in the
Pholiota (Fr.)
genus
Kumm.,
as
P.
lenta
Sing.
leucopus.
certainty
27:
Augsburg
actually belongs.
Pers.,
a
incrassata
f. friesii (Art. 26.1).
1821.
It is
f.
velenovskyi
f. laricina R. Heim, Genre Inocybe: 330.
for I. friesii
Type non-existent.
No
a
seems
and its
colourless
of these characters I.
what genus it
to
mycol.
(Pers.: Fr.)
Ver.
naturw.
following microscopical
1.4-1.6, smooth,
=
name
1876.
taxon
Moravia, Brno,
noted the
Agaricus lentus
—
Syst.
23: 113.
Q
brown; cheilocystidia
pale
Dermini Siidbayern: 5.
of this
interpretation
state. I
The
1.6-1.8, minutely
=
1887.
obtaining type-material
account
certain
am not
in Ber.
Inocybe laevispora Hruby in Hedwigia 70: 278.
rather bad
pm,
observed.
I
—
rather
Q
pm,
characters I.
is unclear, it could be I.
interpretation
Czechoslovakia,
Holotype:
of these
5.0-6.0
brunnea f. insignior Sing, in Collect, bot. 1: 245.
Inocybe
succeed in
not
1930.
Fung. 5: 778. 1887.
Agaricus insequens Britz.,
—
1986
mesophaeum (Pers.) Quel.
indissimilis Britz.
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 5: 785.
x
smooth,
even
On account
Heim (Genre Inocybe: 291. 1931) is
R.
sensu
spores 8.5-10.5
partly
of Hebeloma
Agaricus
3,
Vol.
Hruby in Hedwigia 70: 281.
incrassata
indissimilis (Britz.) Sacc., Syll.
Inocybe
Type
following
the
A—Suppl.
i
Moravia, Brno, Monchsberg, VIII. 1927, Hruby (BRNO).
truly verruculose),
indissimilis.
—
so on
often somewhat flexuose.
cylindrical,
to
R
Inocybe velenovskyi f.
showed
punctate
belongs
—
Czechoslovakia,
Holotype:
E
nor
nomen
lobata
var.
373.
PRM.
I
1920.
cannot
interpret
Heim, Genre Inocybe:
Veselsky
description
I.
in Ceska
a
this
var.
31:
lobata
non
species
1931.
192.
—
with
Inocybe
1977.
probably
synonymy with I.
Velen., Ceske Houby: 380. 1920,
velenovskyi Kiihner.
189.
Mykol.
fastigiala
arenicola, although
completely.
Inocybe longicystis
at
dubium.
R.
Dermek &
from the
M. Bon
be excluded
under I.
a
Houby:
Ceske
PRC
refers
rimosa (Bull.:
I. longicystis
Atk.
K
lubrica.
Fr.,
23:
1: 252.
mycol.
113. 1876.
—
1821.
It is
lucifuga.
->
1: 258.
mycologists
most
) Sacc.
1821.
tend
50.
The
This
lutescens.
No
of
and in
it
cases
to
macrospora.
Inocybe
I.
non
refer
—
to
have
as
in
Bull.
Soc.
bot.
with
almost
an
Fiihr. Pilzk.:
A.
variant of I.
lucifugus
pileus
with
rather aberrant for
really belongs
the
to
although
Fries
as
1871.
79.
(Berk.
flocculosa
unlikely
whitish
latter character is
lubrica
P.
as
Agaricus lucifugus Fr.:
—
rather
Fr.
1951.
('1949')
(Fr.) Kumm.,
1818.
yellowish
a
dubium.
Y.
of
at
nor
smooth
this
(Observ.
reddish
or
Inocybe,
an
Inocybe.
genus
been
var.
Alessio,
has
not
and/or lamellae,
misapplied
as
for
a nomen
R.
macrospora
Iconogr.
description
been
never
completely
crocifolia (Herink)
var.
I. lutescens
descissa
Velenovsky's
suggests
yellow stipe and lamellae, and
species
yellow stipe
name
PRM.
pileus,
lutescens do
I.
flocculosa
Hcim)
(R.
PRC
However,
I.
the
I.
reported
conform
to
Other
Kuyp.
after
the
an
strong
its
first
protologue,
smooth-spored
e.g. I. xantholeuca
lutescens.
a
For the
and
Kuyp.
time
being
dubium.
Heim, Genre lnocybe:
mycol.
29:
235.
1980 (inval.,
239.
1931.
Art.
—
33.2),
Kobay. 1971.
non-existent. The
—
at
occasionally
Inocybe
macrospora
macrospora.
The
brown
a
descriptions
regard
macrospora
Type
found
with
balsam.
J. Favre,
better
seems
Agaricus lubricus Pers.:
of this species has been rather controversial,
lucifugus
a nomen
of subgen. Inocybe with
luteipes
Pholiota
genus
mycol. 2: 50.
nowadays
patches.
as
was
species
Modern
most
species
—
Roze
Fr.)
Inocybe lutescens Velen., Ceske Houby: 375. 1920.
Peruvian
description.
I.
regarded
type-collection
unmistakable
smell
229
I
lucifuga (Fr.: Fr.) Kumm.,
it is doubtful whether
reason
—
(Pers.:
interpretation is, however,
1818) described A.
is best
name
Observ.
Inocybe
it
regard
to
cinnamon-brown hairs and
and for that
—
interpretation
flocculosa.
var.
2:
mycol.
Europe
in
lubrica
in the
species
Agaricus lucifugus Fr.,
—
mycol.
non-existent. The
Type
Inocybe
r:
Inocybe
—
good
a
(Pers.: Fr.) Sing.
Fr., Syst.
E
Pholiota lubrica (Pers.: Fr.) Sing, in Lilloa 22: 516.
non-existent.
Type
Y P
Agaricus lubricus Pers., Syn. meth. Fung.: 307. 1801.
—
Syst.
u
description
Inocybe fastigiata
is
short
too
allow
to
reliable determination.
a
macrospora Bres.
var.
in Sacc.,
Fl.
ital.
crypt.
I,
15:
732. 1916.
I failed
M.
Bon
major.
I
did
to
or
—
not
a nomen
locate the type. The very short
to
I.
Inocybe langei
succeed in
I
a
—
for
did
a
Agaricus
in Annls
could refer
mycol.
the type and for that
mamillaris Passerini
to
locate the
type. It
certain identification.
masoviensis.
I
major Sing,
obtaining
mamillaris (Passerini) Sacc., Syll.
failed
allow
var.
description
to
(R. Heim)
I. arenicola
Kumm.
34: 432. 1936.
reason
the
name
must be
considered
dubium.
mamillaris.
Inocybe
rimosa (Bull.: Fr.)
not
—
Inocybe
succeed in
certainly belongs
masoviensis
obtaining
determinationof its
in
identity.
the
1
Nuov.
Giorn.
Fung. 5: 785. 1887.
to
Inocybe
bot.
but the
ital.
regard
the
name
The
protologue
therefore
as
76.
description
Rudnicka-Jezierska in Acta mycol. 3:
type for study.
4:
is
a nomen
1872.
does
—
not
184. 1967.
insufficiently
dubium.
clear
230
P
mcsophaea.
Kanned.
—
Finl.
Natur
Danske
Petersen,
1838.
32:
470.
1879.
Folk
337.
1986
—
mesophaea (Pers.)
Inocybe
versipellis
—
1911.
Hebeloma
—
3: 173. 1828.
eur.
Inocybe
in Bidr.
mesophaea (Pers.)
var.
mesophaeum
Agaricus
—
Karst.
P.
(Pers.) Quel,
S.
in Mem.
II, 5: 128. 1872.
ser.
L.
at
3,
Vol.
mesophaeusPers., Mycol.
var.
179.
Agaricaceer:
found
not
i A—Suppl.
on
Epicr.:
Soc. Emul. Montbeliard,
Type
so
r
Agaricusfastibilis
(Pers.) Fr.,
mesophaeus
e
The
species
belongs
the
to
Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumra.,
genus
as
H.
mesophaeum (Pers.) Quel.
minuta.
Type
—
belongs
to
mitrata.
1789.
the
—
minuta
H.
at
genus
Inocybe
mitrata
non-existent.
Type
(Fr.) Kumm., but
mucronata.
—
a
(Genre Inocybe:
of
account
—
genus
Flora fenn. 27:
Fauna
it
description
being
Karst.
P. Karst.)
seems
1906.
3.
that
unlikely
the
species
6.
description
brown
seems
its
pileus
regard the identity of
Natur Folk
32: 466.
Folk
Hoffm.
32:
468.
178.
illustration
and
closely
with
related
the
—
lacera
dark
in
taxon
Heim
by
helobia
var.
and
papilla
having wider
doubtful.
Inocybe
Hebeloma
I.
very
latter
as
provided
as
to
prominent
1838.
—
Fries
by
272. 1931.
Inocybe:
I. mucronata
1879.
provided
as
belongs in the genus Hebeloma
relationships.
pleurocystidia. It differs from
Agaricus mussivus Fr., Epicr.:
mitratus
Natur
illustration
and
to assess
1931) it
A.
non
Finl.
Sacc., Syll. Fung. 5: 793. 1887.
R. Heim, Genre
reddish
I
Bidr. Kanned.
1878) it probably
is necessary
f.
in
description
112, f. 2.
from the
21,
the
in Bidr. Kanned. Finl.
Fung. 5: 792.
-»
mucronata
mucronate
For the time
mussiva.
Acta Soc.
from the
Judging
272, pi.
P.
)
->
11, pi.
Inocybe
(sub)clavate, often
Type
(Fr.
rediscovery
Type non-existent.
on
in
from the
currently circumscribed.
as
Judging
(Ic. sel. Hymenomyc. 2:
spores.
Karst.
Hebeloma mitratum (Fr.
—
Kuyp.
P.
Judging
Agaricus mitratus Fr., Ic. sel. Hymenomyc. 2: 11. 1878,
Inocybe
—
1879.
Inocybe
found
not
mussiva
(Fr.)
P.
Karst.
(Fr.) Sacc., Syll.
mussivum
1887.
non-existent. The
Hebeloma (Fr.)
of this
identity
species
Kumm., but it might
as
unknown.
seems
well be
a
It
could
belong
to
the
of Cortinarius percomis
synonym
Fr.
obscura.
1774.
Type
tinges
—
obscura (Pers.
non-existent.
at
the
misapplied
obscura.
126.
Agaricus obscurus Pers., Syn. meth. Fung.: 347. 1801,
Inocybe
—
stipe.
for I.
—
The
The
phaeocomis
Inocybe
A.
obscurus Schaeff.
is
var.
geophila
short
best regarded
as
and
a
mention is
no
nomen
made
dubium. It
of any violaceous
has
generally
been
major (S. Petersen) Kuyp.
var.
obscura
Barbier in
Bull,
trimest. Soc.
Fr.
mycol.
20:
1904.
Type
not
located. The
ochraceoviolascens.
Inocybe
Type
description
—
ochraceoviolascens
non-existent.
I. griseolilacina
the
protologue is rather
name
non
) Gillet, Hymenomycetes: 515. 1876.
name
Agaricus
(Britz.)
Inocybe
not
allow
a
certain determination.
ochraceoviolascens
Sacc. &
Syd.
Britz.
in Sacc.,
ochraceoviolascens
J. Lange and I.
is better considered
does
seems
in
Bot.
Syll. Fung.
to
come
Zbl. 71:
14:
close
52.
1897.
—
134. 1899.
to
I. pusio
P.
Karst.,
huijsmanii Kuyp., but in the absence of authentic material
a nomen
dubium.
K
odora.
Inocybe
—
odora
u
Y
P
E
Inocybe
r:
Velen., Novit. mycol.:
in
231
I
Europe
1939.
121.
Holotype: Czechoslovakia, Myslln, 20.X.1939, Veleriovsky (PRM). My type study indicates
the species belongs
that
olgae.
the
to
Cortinarius Fr.
genus
Inocybe olgae Velen., Ceske Houby: 371. 1920.
—
Holotype: Czechoslovakia, Bohemia, Bohnice
olgae
type of I.
pachycreas.
47:
250.
near
represents Pholiota lenta (Pers.: Fr.)
Inocybe pachycreas
—
Heim
R.
Praha, X.
1917, Zverinova (PRC). The
Sing.
Romagn. in Bull, trimest.
&
mycol.
Soc.
Fr.
1931.
Type non-existent. The description
According
pallida.
does
Romagnesi (pers. comm.)
to
not
Inocybe geophylla f. pallida R.
—
seem
relate
to
species belongs
the
to
to
of Inocybe proper.
species
a
the
Agrocybe Fay.
genus
Heim, Genre lnocybe:
141.
(inval.,
1931
Art.
32.1).
Authentic material
lnocybe:
pi.
2,
f.
3.
located.
not
1931) this
from the
Judging
is
taxon
probably
illustration
a
Heim
given by
as
variant of I.
whitei
&
(B.
(Genre
Br.)
Sacc.
f. whitei.
pedicellata.
Type
—
Inocybe pedicellata Velen.,
found
not
at
(Fr.) Sacc., probably
Boud.
cannot
perpusilla.
indicate that I.
phaeocephala.
Art.
—
with
Ceske
I.
385.
Houby:
Inocybe
pedicellata
rimosa (Bull.:
1920.
is
member of
a
sect.
Fr.) Kumm., although
I.
Karllk, VII. 1916,
perpusilla
does
not
Velenovsky (PRM).
belong
—
Agaricus phaeocephalus
32.1., cf. Art. 42.Note 2).
Agaricus phaeocephalus
—
Bull.,
Herb.
France:
Syst. mycol.
1: 46.
fragments
pi. 555,
f.
1.
1792
1821.
—
(Fr.)
well
not
Staude. Inocybe
refer
I.
to
represent
an
phaeocephala
splendens
var.
Inocybe, but probably
sensu
Bres.
(inval.,
Inocybe phaeocephala
Type non-existent. Iconotype: Bull., Herb. France: pi. 555, f. 1. 1792. The species
Bulliard does
of
it could well
Inocybe;
Pers., Syn. meth. Fung.: 302. 1801.
Agaricus phaeocephalus
Pers.: Fr.,
few
The
the genus
to
of Ramicola Velen.
Fr.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 5: 774. 1887.
by
Rimosae
maculata
Inocybe perpusilla Velen., Ceske Houby: 388. 1920.
species
a
PRM.
at
synonymous
Czechoslovakia,
holotype
represent
nor
completely be excluded.
—
Holotype:
the
PRC
belongs
(Iconogr.
mycol.
phaeoleuca (Kiihner) Kuyp.,
but
I
to
the
15:
did
as
genus
737.
pi.
not
(Pers.:
depicted
Tricholoma
1930) could
study authentic
material from Bresadola's herbarium.
pollicaris.
Type
genus
not
—
Inocybe
poujolii.
Inocybe pollicaris
found
—
at
H.
P.
Karst.
but represents
Inocybe poujolii
a
species
of
must
therefore remain doubtful.
the
Melanophyllum
R. Heim, Genre
Type non-existent. The description is
name
in Meddn Soc.
Judging from the description
too
lnocybe:
imprecise
Fauna
species
Flora
does
fenn. 9:
not
68.
belong
1882.
to
the
Velen.
221.
to
1931.
allow
an
exact
identification.
The
232
P
praepostera.
r
so
Type non-existent. It is impossible
pseudograta.
did
I
name
as
pseudoscabella.
interpret
to
the
obtaining
holotype
this
for
study.
For the
Inocybe
—
1983.
time
being
the
regard
I
Hymenomyc. Siidbayern: 7.
1891.
—
1895.
11: 53.
species.
Elench.
Fung.
1: 30.
P. Karst. in Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 469.
(Fr.: Fr.) Kumm., Fiihr. Pilzk.: 80.
Type
this
interpret
cannot
Agaricus punctatus Fr.: Fr.,
—
1882.
name.
Britz.,
Agaricus pseudoscabellus
—
non-existent. I
(Fr.: Fr.)
5.
dubium.
a nomen
punctata.
1986
Dermini Stidbayern:
Inocybe pseudoscabella (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
Type
3,
Inocybe pseudograta Alessio, Cryptog., Mycol. 4: 59.
—
succeed in
not
Vol.
5: 776. 1887.
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
praepostera
i a—Suppl.
on
praeposterus Britz.,
Agaricus
—
e
1828.
1879.
—
Inocybe punctata
Hebeloma punctatum
—
1871.
non-existent. Agaricus punctatus
be
seems to
a
member of the
Hebeloma (Fr.)
genus
Kumm.
pyriodora.
79.
—
Agaricus pyriodorus Pers., Syn. meth. Fung.: 300. 1801.
found in
not
Fung.: 300. 1801)
and
colour of
has been
be
may
To
herb.
seems
the
subg. Inocybe
fusiform
widely
and
rejected
make
to
Agaricus pyriodorus
—
Inocybe pyriodora (Pers.: Fr.) Kumm., Fiihr. Pilzk.:
—
I
matters
described
235.
1925)
I
ignorant
am
reflexa.
var.
more
Type
I.
var.
its
Sacc.
rasiana
type. The
exact
geophylla
this
—
No type
(Fr.:
as
not
a
with
Sacc. (see
for
apical
an
p.
its type, the
meth.
(Syn.
pileal covering
78).
a
species
papilla
As
name
I.
the
and
name
pyriodora
added
that
there
is
one
&
at
dell'avellinese: 12.
Trott., Funghi
must
Ic. mycol.
original
Fr.)
4:
62.
this
the
collection
be
1920
(not
given by Trotter (in Sacc., Syll.
as
excluded from the genus Inocybe,
seen).
Fung.
23:
although
var.
I.
PRC
member of the genus
nor
at
Inocybe.
Gillet is
geophylla
Boudier (Ic.
to
2e Index: 13. 1898.
—
Inocybe geophylla
1906.
description by
Kumm.
Houby:
or
name
mycol.
phaeodisca
rosella Velen., Ceske
found
collection in
that
position.
provided by
Inocybe
was
of
340)!
p.
description
species
reflexa) almost certainly refers
rosella.
be
the absence of authentic material the
illustration
spores
including
Inocybe reflexa Gillet, Hymenomycetes,
non-existent. The
Ktihner. In
a taxon not
account
generally been applied
fraudans (Britz.)
might
Karst. (see
P.
reflexa (Gillet) Boud.,
either
The
to
it
complex
makes clear that
—
I.
as
on
(L 910.255.185) labeled Agaricus pyriodorus and
Inocybe
as
here
used for
persistently
locate the
to
however, has
name,
Persoon
description by
original
under Art. 69.1.
Persoon
—
failed
The
(L).
broad, somewhat amygdaliform
represents I. sindonia (Fr.)
rasiana.
Persoon
suggest I. bongardii (Weinm.) Quel,
lamellae. The
with
pleurocystidia,
herbarium
is
1821.
1871.
Type
of
1: 255.
Fr., Syst. mycol.
Pers.:
4:
var.
387.
PRM. From
the
to
rather
I.
is best
pi.
and
vague
phaeodisca
regarded
124.
as
1906, sub
var.
a
might
refer
to
geophylloides
nomen
nom.
I.
dubium.
geophylla
geophylloides.
1920.
description
it is
clear
that
I. rosella
K
rubens.
Huijsman
non-existent.
Type
species
The
It
identity.
form
4
rubrolaesa.
it
but
—
rufa
Genre
type
rufolutea.
5: 201.
6.0-6.5(-7.0)
colourless,
brief
to
belong
not
5:
770.
Art.
f.
pi. 23,
for
3
respectively.
reliable
a
to
as
guess
and
allow
the
to
opinion
an
1887.
1898.
systematic position,
Inocybe.
genus
1886.
Inocybe
—
Sart. &
rufa (Pat.)
Inocybe
plate
type
to
or
in
Tab.
Pat.,
Iconotype:
of this
—
its
on
obscura
M.,
Syn.
34.1).
Kanton
Q
/rm,
I noted
the
I.
anal.
6:
Fung.
1886.
543.
pi.
but
hardly possible
seems
this
An
illustration
amethystina Kuyp.
wiss. Unters. schweiz.
Ergebn.
Graubiinden,
1
(1.5—)1.6—
=
siform, thick-walled, with
Cheilocystidia
similar to
Basidia 23-30
x
8-11
up
4.0
to
Val
Fuorn,
near
NatParks, N.F.
pm
(15—)17—22
x
with
thick, pale yellow wall, crystalliferous
4-spored. Caulocystidia descending
below with
intermediate zone
an
to
of slightly
at
subfu-
frequent.
apex,
about l/4th of
differentiated
m,
conical apex,
(broadly)
/rm,
colourless.
pleurocystidia. Paracystidia (broadly) clavate, thin-walled,
pm,
2450
9.5-11.5(—12.0)
spores
-7(—1.9), smooth, subamygdaliform,
(49-)53-62(-66)
alt.
Niiglia,
following microscopical characters:
thin-walled; pleurocystidia
cheilocystidia,
clear
197.
Fig.
Switzerland,
Holotype:
and
4
rufus Pat., Tab. anal. Fung. 6: 20.
FH.
at
too
Inocybe rufolutea J. Favre
—
15.VIII.1950, Favre (G).
to
is
does
Fung.
interpretation
—
1955.
f.
21,
Heim's form 'a' represents I. furfurea Kiihner,
well refer either to I. pusio P. Karst.
might
x
var.
(inval.,
exist
to
seems
unambiguous
Inocybe
—
Sacc.
species
Sacc., Syll.
205. 1922
Inocybe:
No
that the
1931.
Oyonnax 7: 73. 1953 (inval., Art. 33.2).
species ik heterogeneous and that two different
Inocybe: pi.
that
233
I
however, insufficiently
are,
description
Agaricus obscurus
(Pat.)
Europe
rubrolaesa Gillet, Hymenomycetes, 2e Index: 13.
Inocybe
likely
seems
rufa.
var.
—
in
Heim, Genre Inocybe: 260.
R.
Nat.
Genre
possible
(Britz.)
non-existent. The
Type
Inocybe
r:
that this
likely
descriptions
b' I. nitidiuscula
p E
rubens
var.
in Heim,
could be
Y
in Bull. Soc.
It seems
illustrated
are
accompanying
their
obscura
Inocybe
—
rubens (R. Heim)
U
stipe,
similar
caulocystidioid
hairs.
explained
As
but
taxa
determine the
as
a
species
—
A. & S.: Fr.,
not
as
which
to
want
minor
Agaricus scabellus
A.
&
1: 259.
1821,
Agaricus scabellus Fr.,
Epicr.:
177.
P.
recognise (semi-)albinistic
to
variants within
(Fr.
S.,
non
Consp.
1838,
non
) Kumm., Fiihr. Pilzk.: 79.
->
Fung.:
of A.
scabellus
1805. This
6.
A.
illustration
is
Crinipellis stipitarius (Fr.:
name
scabellus
Crinipellis
& S.
—
However, Fries
for
a
A.
This
species
of
stipitarius,
name
(art. 72.
taxa
have
the
treat
autonomous
as
not
Fr.)
but
Pat.,
(A. & S.:
Fr.)
came
Inocybe,
been
able
to
therefore
name
1).
a
legitimate
The
name
A.
A.
latter
name
comb.
&
&
1805:
S.
S.,
when
name
it
A.
was
change Inocybe
Fr.
(Fr.
Inocybe
—
Kumm.)
->
Consp. Fung.:
species
has
Nov.
realise that he had earlier
new
scabellus
Agaricus
1879.
Iconotype:
Kuyp.,
—
now
transferred
debilipes
to
for
be
to
(basionym
misapplied
scabellus that is
a
the
to
up
subsequently he transferred Albertini &
and
and created
became
Note
to
soon
this
1805.
Hebeloma scabellum
clear and represents the
& S., Consp. Fung.: 189. 1805).
A.
I
1838.
scabellus
A.
1871.
non-existent.
perfectly
189.
A. scabellus Fr.
Karst. in Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 476.
Type
species.
a
this variant should be attached and
Syst. mycol.
scabella
to
do
them
treat
dubium.
nomcn
scabella.
to
10 I
p.
on
prefer
now
pi. 9,
known
replaced by
f.
as
the
Agaricus scabellus
the
epithet
scabellus
Schweinitz's
species
homonym (Art. 48.1).
genus Inocybe
by Kummer
later
I. scabella (Fr.
->
) Kumm.,
as
234
was
P
done
Karsten
by
E
R
S
O
I
N
O
a—Suppl.
Bidr. Kanned. Finl.
(in
3,
Vol.
1986
Folk 48:
Natur
211.
1889) is
for that
reason
superfluous (Art. 63.1).
scabella
Inocybe
least
Oyonnax
The
1930),
original
judgement
29.
its
to
viz. I.
has
been
muricellata
scabella
trechispora (I.
Fries
by
identity,
scabella
scabella
Bres.,
sensu
1838) is
I. scabella
name
Kiihner
sensu
R. Heim, Genre
sensu
177.
(Epicr.:
and the
interpreted and been used for
diversely
(I.
1955), I. nitidiuscula (I.
and I.
description
as
Kumm.
)
species,
9(Suppl.):
f. 1.
pi. 721,
(Fr.
different
three
in
Bull.
Soc.
Iconogr.
mycol.
lnocybe:
319.
insufficient for
at
Nat.
15:
1931).
unambiguous
an
is therefore best regarded
as
a
nomen
dubium.
scabra.
scaber O. F.
Agaricus
—
Miill.: Fr.,
Syst.
1: 255.
mycol.
Mull., Fl.
1821.
—
dan.
14:
7.
1780.
scabra (O.
Inocybe
F.
Agaricus scaber
—
Miill.: Fr.)
O.
F.
Fiihr.
Kuram.,
Pilzk.: 79. 1871.
Type non-existent. The protologue by
that
(Iconogr.
scamba.
Fr., Syst.
Flora
15:
mycol.
refer
1938)
species
the
reason
I.
to
corydalina
1930) and
1: 504.
16:
100.
1821.
1890.
—
Observ.
Inocybe
—
Pholiota
Lange
(Stangl
2:
mycol.
scamba
(Fr.:
1818.
45.
(Fr.: Fr.)
Fr.)
(Fl.
—
white,
scabra
agar.
Veselsky)
&
are
for
Bres.
pi.
111G.
dan. 3:
Kuyp.
and
sensu
(see
84).
p.
Agaricus scambus
Fr.:
P. Karst. in Meddn Soc. Fauna
A.
Smith
H.
N. Amer.
Hesl.,
&
Pholiota: 302. 1968.
Spec.
Type non-existent.
sinuosa.
It
is
Agaricus
—
a
good species in
sinuosus Fr.,
the
Epicr.:
in Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 466.
Soc. Emul. Montbeliard,
non-existent. The
Type
siparia.
Fr.)
J.
lamellae
Inocybe. Inocybe
genus
sensu
scamba
that the
states
erinaceomorpha
var.
Agaricus scambus Fr.,
—
mycol.
fenn.
726, f. 2.
pi.
Miiller
be excluded from the
must
—
Roze
ser.
Bull.
Soc.
bot.
178.
1879.
1838.
—
Inocybe sinuosa (Fr.)
Hebeloma
—
Kumm.
sinuosum
P.
(Fr.) Quel,
Karst.
in Mem.
II, 5: 345. 1873.
species belongs
Agaricus siparius Fr.: Fr.,
in
Pholiota (Fr.)
genus
Fr.
23:
is
the genus Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumm.
Syst. mycol.
113.
in Notes Roy. bot. Gdn Edinb. 28: 67.
Type non-existent. The species
to
1876.
—
1: 261.
1821.
—
Inocybe siparia (Fr.:
Flammulaster siparius
(Fr.:
Fr.)
Watl.
1967.
now
regarded
as
member of the genus Flammulaster
a
Earle.
solida.
No
—
type
Inocybe
was
solida Velen., Novit.
found
at
PRC
at
nor
119. 1939.
mycol.:
PRM.
The
is
description
insufficient
for
a
clear
153.
1885.
determinationof its identity.
squamigera.
—
—
Agaricus squamiger
Britz.
in Ber.
naturw.
Inocybe squamigera (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 5: 763.
Type
non-existent. The
strigiceps.
(Fr.:
—
description
5: 791.
short
1887,
non
I.
to
allow
is
generally regarded
Augsburg
28:
reliable determination.
1: 270.
mycol.
strigiceps
a
Horak
P. Karst. in Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 478.
Type non-existent. The species
P. Karst.
too
Agaricus strigiceps Fr.: Fr., Syst.
Fr.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
(Fr.: Fr.)
is
Ver.
1887.
as
1821.
1980.
—
—
Inocybe
strigiceps
Ripartites strigiceps
1879.
belonging
in the
genus
Ripartites
K
subaemula.
subaemula
u
Y P
Type non-existent.
The
description
is
—
Agaricus
Type non-existent.
not
excluded from
subnudipes.
1
did
not
—
found
It seems
to
PRC
nor
at
allow
a
Inocybe
reliable determination.
Hymenomyc. Siidbayern: 7.
unclear
5: 785.
to
—
1891.
—
Inocybe
1895.
to
interpretable.
1882.
5.
—
Inocybe
1887.
interpret
PRM. The
be
Dermini Siidbayern:
subinsequens Britz.,
impossible
1891.
7.
the protologue.
Novit. mycol.
protologue
nov.:
indicates
61.
1947.
that the
species
must
be
Inocybe.
Inocybe subnudipes
—
succeed
has its affinities
identity
vague
Inocybe submicrospora Velen.,
at
in
completely conforming
the
too
235
I
Hymenomyc. Siidbayern:
11: 53.
subinsequens (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
subniicrospora.
too
Europe
in
1895.
Agaricus subignobilis Britz.,
—
Type non-existent. The protologue is
Type
Inocybe
11: 53.
subignobilis (Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
subinsequens.
r:
Agaricus subaemulus Britz.,
—
(Britz.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
subignobilis.
E
near
I.
of Kiihner's
obtaining
to
Fig.
197.
Inocybe rufolutea.
Fig.
198.
Inocybe
tristis.
Kiihner's
albovelutipes
species
—
—
Kiihner in Bull. Soc.
the type
on
loan.
protologue.
Stangl
and
Judging
I.
Nat. Oyonnax
Neither
did I
from the
monochroa J.
9(Suppl.):
come
across
description
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
of I.
of I.
rufolutea).
tristis).
1955.
subnudipes
Favre. For the time
remains dubious.
Spores, pleurocystidia (from holotype
I.
6.
specimens
being
236
subpelargonium.
I
to
did
reliable
a
subpusio.
No
I
of this
did
(Iconogr.
—
in
29:
mycol.
testacea.
Batsch
Soc.
could be obtained
69.
having
Agaricus
—
a
Emul. Montbeliard,
Type
the
non-existent. The
epithet
1982.
32.
clear
insufficiently
1: 232.
loan and the
on
1947,
must
name
therefore
Fr.,
Scop.
250.
5:
species
‘testaceum’
Agaricus subtestaceus
is
—
For that
and
illustration
Maire &
queletii
I.
I
Konr.,
have
never
—
Inocybe
for
superfl.
testaceum
testacea
(Fr.
->
(Fr.
subtestaceus
A.
) Quel, in Mem.
P.
Quel.)
Karst.
1879.
good member in the
based
illegitimate, being
Batsch.
1838 (nom.
Hebeloma
1872.
seems a
description
near
and autumnal appearance.
178.
Epicr.:
1772.
The
species
a
with the protologue.
completely
in Bidr. Kanned. Finl. Natur Folk 32: 468.
but
is
description
loan.
on
straw-yellow pileus
II,
ser.
holotype
1980) suggest
testaceus
testaceus
A.
non
the
obtaining
collections that agree
1789),
mycol. 12(46):
Docs
loan. The
subpusio Sing, in Collect, bot.
var.
taxon
270, pi.
from which it differs in
come across
in
Beller
on
Inocybe substraminea Alessio, Iconogr. mycol. 29: 270. 1980.
succeed
not
type
1986
dubium.
nomen
substraminea.
the
obtaining
Inocybe obscura
—
a
in
3,
Vol.
interpretation.
type-material
regarded
Inocybe subpelargonium
—
succeed
not
allow
be
a—Suppl.
Persooni
the
reason
Hebeloma subtestaceum (Batsch) Kuyp., comb.
nov.
on
a
following
Hebeloma (Fr.) Kumm.,
genus
superfluous
name
combination
new
(basionym Agaricus
is
for
change
necessary:
subtestaceus Batsch,
Elench. Fung., Cont. 2: 39. 1789).
tigrina.
Type
Kiihner
is
even
Inocybe
—
Bull.
(in
Soc.
However, I studied
turned
out
tomentella.
Jungh.
doubtful
tomentosa
under
—
Type
106.
name
is best
treneri.
I
I
1888,
failed
regard
it
—
to
as
to
tomentosus
3
mycol.
non
P.
Karst.
The
is best regarded
Fr.,
Epicr.:
176.
1838
as
I.
to
to
(or
interpretation
f. 6.
1931).
tigrina by Heim
L) and that collection
of the
application
a nomen
close
Inocybe: pi. 19,
epithet
'
‘tigrina’
dubium.
(superfluous
783.
5:
Syll. Fung.
I.
tomentosa
Inocybe
as
a
nomen
treneri
Bres.
obtain authentic
nomen
dubium.
Jungh. in Linnaea 5: 403. 1830.
45.
(Index):
1832.
Ell. & Ev.
Jungh.
interpret, although
regarded
a
and this
flocculosa,
that has been determined
tomentella (Fr.) Sacc.,
non-existent. Iconotype:
difficult
var.
illustration (Genre
According
comes
for
A.
1887
tomentosus
(superfluous
tomentosa.
Agaricus
Jungh.: Fr., Syst.
mycol.:
doubtful.
1955) the species
(Jungh.: Fr.) Quel. 1888).
comments
tomentosa.
name
) Sacc.
1931.
somewhat
18.XI.1951, Reuvecamp, PC,
(Fr.)
tomentellus
Inocybe
—
->
and
species
a
sindonia
and the
Agaricus
—
Fr.).
1830:
description
collection of
a
represent I.
to
therefore
seems
very
flocculosa (Berk.
I.
tigrina is
(Suppl.): 52.
prov. Gelderland, Gorssel,
(Netherlands,
See
Oyonnax 9
Nat.
with)
identical
of I.
interpretation
consistent with Heim's
seems
for I.
tigrina R. Heim, Genre Inocybe: 230.
non-existent. The
—
Inocybe
—
Agaricus
tomentosus
(Jungh.: Fr.) Quel., Fl.
1889.
in Linnaea 5:
it almost
dubium.
in Stud,
tomentosa
certainly
trent.
material of this
7: 4.
fairly
pi.
6,
refers
f. 7.
to
a
1830. The
species
of
illustration is
Inocybe.
The
1926.
distinctive
taxon.
For the
time
being
K
tricholoma.
A.
&
—
S.: Fr.,
1: 270.
mycol.
1887.
—
Natur Folk 32: 477.
trinii.
Inocybe
r:
1821.
Inocybe
—
the
Sacc.
has
name
105.
Blatterp.:
as
1922
been
1911
I.
or
tristis.
1970.
—
in Bidr.
Sacc., Syll.
Finl.
Kanned.
used
for
of the
type-species
is
at
difficult
least
&
Ripartites
genus
observ.:
ross.
P.
Karst.
194.
1836
three
trinii has
different
Br.) Sacc.
f.
Mass.).
It
seems
Hruby
in
Hedwigia 70:
and could refer
interpret,
to
Inocybe
therefore
viz.
species,
whitei),
trinii
I.
to
I.
trinii
Rick.,
sensu
Bres.,
sensu
Iconogr.
Rea, Brit. Basidiomyc.:
trinii sensu
prudent
either I.
to
diversely interpreted
been
the
regard
I.
trinii
Mai. &
Bert.
name
dubium.
nomen
a
Agaricus tricholoma
5: 781. 1887.
bresadolae Mass.
(= I. whitei (B.
I. bresadolae
(=
—
& S.: Fr.)
P. Karst.
Fr.)
mycol. 15: pi 747.1930 (= I. godeyi Gillet), and Astrosporina
211.
188. 1805.
tricholoma (A.
Hymenomyc. Gastromyc. Imp.
Type non-existent. The protologue
fraudans (Britz.)
237
I
1879.
(Weinm.) Sacc., Syll. Fung.
trinii
Europe
in
tricholoma (A. & S.:
Ripartites
Agaricus trinii Weinm.,
—
Inocybe
and
E
P
non-existent. Agaricus tricholoma is the
Type
—
Y
Agaricus tricholoma A. & S., Consp. Fung.:
Syst.
Fung. 5: 790.
u
Inocybe
—
tristis
280.
1930,
I.
non
tristis
198.
Fig.
Holotype: Czechoslovakia, Moravia, Brno,
is in
type-collection
a
studied with
difficulty.
(5.5—)6.0—6.5
/am,
Q
rather bad
noted
I
pleurocystidia (71—)73—83
walled, with
up
10—14(—17)
x
(2.0-)2.5
to
following
the
1.6-1.8, smooth,
=
/urn
a
1929, Hruby
overgrown
by
characters:
The
mould, and could only
with
be
(9.5—)10.0—11.0(—11.5)
somewhat
conical
x
apex;
cylindrical, sometimes slenderly fusiform, thick-
rather
bright yellow wall; paracystidia
narrow
very
(BRNO, isotype K, E).
a
spores
subamygdaliform,
/am,
thick,
present in
hyaline(?); caulocystidia
XII.
being
state,
apical
zone
than 2
(less
thin-walled,
similar
mm),
to
pleurocystidia.
The
microscopical
but in the
It
may,
as
doubtful.
close
comes
spotted edge
found
lacera (Fr.:
I.
to
was
umbonata.
at
Novit. mycol.:
PRC
Fr.)
Kumm.
Inocybe umbonata Quel,
—
1872, sub
vatricosa.
Fr.:
nom.
—
Fr., Syst.
Stropharia
stipe
1:
been
the
growing
on
name
is best
stipe.
regarded
Judging
lato
from the
description
the
species
it is aberrant because of its black-
but
Bull. Soc.
bot.
in Mem.
Soc.
Fr. 23:
('1876')
330.
1877,
non
by
Quel
description
Emul. Montbeliard,
makes clear that
Inocybe
ser.
II,
5:
umbonata
Inocybe.
1821.
—
Observ.
Inocybe
mycol.
2: 46.
vatricosa (Fr.:
1818.
Fr.)
P.
—
Agaricus
Karst.
in
vatricosus
Bidr. Kanned.
1879.
protologue
description
misapplied
genus
259.
non-existent. The
and
in
inuncta. This
vatricosus Fr.,
Agaricus
mycol.
Finl. Natur Folk 32: 465.
Type
The
of the
1917.
excluded from the
be
sensu
taxon.
phaeocomis
var.
tinges
120. 1939.
PRM.
nor at
Type non-existent. Type-description:
must
made of violaceous
of lamella.
I. umbonata Petch
141.
phaeocomis (Pers.) Kuyp.
mention is
no
late autumnal variant of this
a
Inocybe turfosa Velen.,
—
type-material
suggest I.
to
seem
description
however, only be
turfosa.
No
characters
macroscopical
Heim
is
seems
to
reminiscent of
(Genre
Inocybe:
wood, that almost certainly
must
I.
refer
to
a
species
umbratica
136.
Quel.
1931) for
a
with
The
a
completely pruinose
name
species
with
be excluded from the genus
I.
vatricosa
has
smooth spores,
Inocybe.
238
velenovskyi.
44:
I.
a—Suppl.
Persooni
179.
Inocybe
—
1928;
nom.
found
was
type
for
I.
1986
Boursier & Kiihner in Bull,
1920,
Velen.
longicystis
non
trimest.
Soc.
mycol. Fr.
Atk.
longicystis
I.
1918,
non
1930.
velenovskyi Hruby
No
velenovskyi
nov.
3,
Vol.
PRC
at
at
nor
and the
PRM
be
must
name
considered
a
nomen
dubium.
velenovskyi.
Lectotype
(BRNO).
5.0-6.0
x
pm,
Q
=
cylindrical-filiform,
—
70:
Hedwigia
in
281.
1930,
velenovskyi
I.
non
199.
Fig.
mihi): Czechoslovakia, Moravia, Brno, Monchsberg,
(design,
noted the
I
velenovskyi Hruby
Inocybe
—
Boursier & Kiihner 1928.
following
characters
microscopical
1.6-1.7, minutely punctate, partly
somewhat flexuose, 34-47 x 4-6
absent. These characters clearly establish
the
of the
even
IX.
(almost)
1927, Hruby
spores 8.5-10.5
lectotype:
smooth; cheilocystidia
thin-walled, colourless; pleurocystidia
pm,
synonymy of I.
velenovskyi Hruby
with
Hebeloma
mesophaeum (Pers.) Quel.
versipellis.
in
Bidr.
Agaricus versipellis Fr., Epicr.: 179. 1838.
—
Kanned.
Hymenomycetes:
Type
Finl.
524.
Natur
violaceofusca.
—
species
Agaricus
violaceofusca
32:
is
a
member of the
violaceofuscus
(Cooke
&
Mass.)
violaceofuscus (Cooke & Mass.) Mass. in
Holotype: England,
spores 8.5-10.0
belongs
to
x
1879.
470.
—
Inocybe
versipellis (Fr.)
Hebeloma
—
P. Karst.
(Fr.)
versipelle
Gillet,
1876.
non-existent. The
Inocybe
Folk
Cooke
Sacc.,
Bot.
Ann.
pm,
Q
=
&
Hebeloma (Fr.)
in
Mass.
Syll.
Forest of Dean, 1887 (K). The
4.5-5.5
genus
Fung.
Grevillea
9:
18: 501. 1904
holotype
Kumm.
96.
Fig.
—
18:
1891.
showed the
52.
1890.
—
Cortinarius
—
200.
following
1.8—2.0(—2.1), verruculose; cheilocystidia
characters:
absent. The
species
the genus Cortinarius Fr.
violascens.
—
violascens
Inocybe
Quel,
in
C. R.
Ass.
in
R.
frang.
Av.
Sci.
(Grenoble
1885)
14:
497. 1886.
non-existent.
Holotype
1886.
I.
The
interpretation
geophylla
Cortinarius
var.
Fr.
Iconotype:
of
lilacina
cannot
the
(Peck)
Gillet,
excluded
be
Quel,
type-plate is
but
C.
rather
the
Ass.
possibility
either. Consequently
Av.
frang.
ambiguous
that
the
as
it
it
Fig. 196. Inocybe laevispora.
of I.
Fig.
199.
Fig.
200.
—
Spores (from
laevispora).
Inocybe velenovskyi.
—
Inocybe violaceofusca.
Spores (from lectotype
—
of I.
Spores (from holotype
velenovskyi).
of I.
could
14: pi.
well
represents
name
doubtful.
holotype
Sci.
violaceofusca).
must
be
12, f. 6.
represent
species
of
regarded
as
a
K
viscidula.
Type
and
I.
—
labeled
leptocystis
I.
zangherii.
Fr.)
to
failed
to
Atk.
Kumm.
judge
—
cannot
viscidula
indicated for his
I
viscidula
Inocybe
non-existent. I
A
U
R.
Y
P
(Mexico,
r:
Inocybe
in
Europe
Heim, Genre Inocybe:
interpret
this
Jaitepec,
synonymy of I.
species
E
thick-walled
seen
3.VIII. 1956, PC)
viscidula
with
I.
Inocybe zangherii Bres., Iconogr. mycol.
about its
geophylla
status.
on
132. 1931.
species.
a
but
leptocystis
collection made
this
by
Heim
collection represents
seems
unlikely
as
Heim
pleurocystidia.
locate authentic material. The
var.
239
I
account
species
15: pi. 743, f. 2.
seems to
of its smooth pileus.
come
New
close
1930.
to
I.
geophylla (Fr.:
collections
are
necessary
Index
New
by
and
names
the
sign §,
numbers
page
illustrations
of
an
diagnoses
asterisk
are
in
bold-face
§ Clypeus
29
§ Inocybe
29
Rimosae
43
firm us
flavidolilacinus
aemulus
fraudens
221
85,86,89
albidoincarnatus
fusus
221
var.
226
var.
lateritius
lilacinus
91
85,89
violaceus
glutinosus
145,224
aurivenius
birrus
var.
221
auricomus
fulvus
geophyllus 85,86,89
argillaceus 85,86
asininus
226
226
var.
138,140
apicreus
78,80
geophilus
78
85,86
alienellus
90,91
159
frumentaceus
221
226
226
fiocculosus
albidula
62
225
fibrosolaceratus
120
39,40
absistans
superbus
var.
adaequatus 45
albus
numbers
page
favorabilis
Agaricus abjectus
affinis
Subdivisions
type.
(*), descriptions by
fastigiatus 62,64
Agaricus
§
by
89'
226
graminicola 226,227
62
222
gratus
39
bongardii 38,39,40
haemactus 77
caesariatus
heterogeneus
227
hettematicus
227
var.
222
fibrillosus
35,36
calamistratus
carbonarius
hystrix
222
223
carptus
cervicolor
139,223
claviceps
223
223
78
inscquens
228
lentus
45
descissus
224
destrictus
224
echinatus
225
erinaceus
82,84
criocephalus
eutheles
229
229
mamillaris
229
maritimus
106
mesophaeus
var.
mitratus
225
mussivus
225
230
mutatus
37
177
78
muticus
39,40
nitidiusculus
150
oblongisporus 98,99
farctus 225
225
mesophaeus
227
230
fallaciosus
var.
230
holophaeus
explanatus
fastibilis
106
228
lucifugus
224
deglubens
98,99,223
maritimus
lubricus
98,99
deficctens
45
lanuginosus 29
62
deductus
62
inscriptus
var.
223,224
78,228
indissimilis
roseolus 77
cristatus
curreyi
227
lacerus
corydalinus
var.
227
imbecilis
juranus
224
conspersus
ignobilis
injunctus
85,86
conissans
130
impexus 106,107
38
cincinnatus
35,36
hirsutus
85,86
candidus
clarkii
222
obscurus
230
var.
241
141,230
rufus
233
in
of genera
italic.
are
indicated
242
P E
98,99
observabilis
ochroceoviolascens
pallidus
R
phaeocomis
posterulus
a—Suppl.
3,
Vol.
paleaceus
Crinipcllis
138
232
apicrea
siparius
8,15,16,223,227,232
Hebeloma
sambucinus
175
birrum
sanguilentus
45
claviceps
222
223
fastibile
225
scaber 234
firmum
226
scambus
glutinosum
233
234
62
234
squamiger
234
233
strigiceps
232
scabellum
224,233
sinuosum
234
versipelle
eriocephalus
var.
230
subtestsaceum
234
225
236
238
Hebelomina
15,16
subaemulus
235
Hohenbuehelia
subignobilis
235
Horakia flavofusca
subinsequens
subtestaceus
17
sublateritium
236
Inocybe 29,30,32
236
§
Cervicolores
tomentosus
236
§
Cortinatae
trechisporus
trinii
§ Inosperma 5,7,8,10,11,22,30,34
vatricosus
237
versipellis
238
44
§ Petiginosae 8,184
238
erebia
absistens
aemula
221
15,16
Amanita
citrina
trinii
52
mellea
23
29
affinis 85
3
albidodisca
169,171
reidii
169,170
albidoincarnata
albidula
6
Cortinarius 5,.6,8,15,226,231
§ Dermocybe
221
agardhii
var.
237
Conocybe
39
aeruginascens 12,70,72,729,130*
phalloides 32,44,50,52,167,216,218
Astrosporina
7,22,34,43,226,237
220,221
adaequata 12,43,45,46,81,225,226
221
Alnicola
Armillaria
Rimosae
abjecta 70,720,121 *,122*, 160,163,222
29
231
autumnalis
§
abictis
90,91,93
Agrocybe
§ Mallocybe 3,5,9,10,16,22,30,222
§ Marginatae 5,6,22,69
violaceofuscus
Agmocybe
12
§ Inocybe 5,7,10,22,24,30,69,232
rubescens
whitei
12,22,34
5,6,22,69
§ Corydalinac
29
237
237
var.
224
224
tomentellus
tricholoma
18
Hypholoma lateritium
235
236
testaceus
227
230
punctatum
89
stipitarius
holophaeum
mussivum
234
siparius
sterilis
var.
mitratum
177,179
sindonius
sinuosus
226
mesophaeum 228,230,238
62
servatus
11,16
234
15,17
Galerina
43,61,66
143
221
222
Flammulaster
29
227,233
233
carbonaria
232
238
17
scabellus
Flammula
destrictus 224
schista
15
pleopodium
Entoloma
232
232
pyriodorus
scabellus
1986
205
stipitarius
pseudoscabellus
var.
I
Crepidotus
231
146
praeposterus
rimosus
N
violaceofuscus
phaeocephalus
relicinus
O
percomis 230
62
punctatus
O
§Inocybeae
230
180
perlatus
S
25
221
78
«
albomarginata 73,126,756,187*,189,190
albovelata
206,207*
Kuvp
i:
r:
Inocybe
Europe
in
243
I
albovelutipes 70,71,116,775,119*,120,235
cervicolor
alienella
chondrospora 180,181*
138
34,35,37,iS*,39,40
214*,215,216
alluvionis
138,196,223,224
ambigua 8,69
cincinnatula
amblyspora 3,73, 188,
189*
amethystina 71,135,136*, 137,138,141,233
citrinifolia
ammophila
clarkii
167
amygdalispora
195,197*,198
138
182,183*
cinnabarina
212
85,87*
claviceps
223
angulostosquamulosa 206,207*
claviger 205,206
annulata
coelestium
apicrea
221
221
collivaga
69,81 *,82
223
appendiculata 12,70,71,75,76*,77
commutabilis
arenicola
conformata
25,43,55,56*,68,229
arenicola
arenicola
var.
mediterranea
var.
f. albida
56
argillacea
conica 62
223
39,40
connexifolia
90,93
armoricana
62,65,144
confusa
conissans
85
armeniaca
asinina
56,58,228
56*, 57, 58
49
43,48,49,50*,51
cookei
var.
asterospora 5,6,9,188
var.
atripes 208,210
cookei
cordae
159,160
72, 145*, 146,158,163
corrubescens
aurivenia
62,64
cortinata
avellana
222
basicitrata
birra
222
222
*
bongardii 19,34,59,40,41 ,42,44,232
var.
albidopallens
var.
corydalina 82,83
var.
erinaceomorpha 82,83*,234
var.
montana 83
f.
griseola
var.
bongardii 36,39,42
cristata
var.
pisciodora 39,41
croceifolia
bresadolae
12,237
bresadoliana
222
f.
52,62,64,217
insignior
brunneoatra
228
224
98
cryptocystis 65,71,72,744*,145
cystidiosa 9,85,86,87*
71,107,727,128*
196
bulbosa
159,163
curreyi 62,64
153
brunneotomentosa
bubaci
227
159,163,164
cucullata
curvipes
debilipes 224,233
decipiens 8,108
171
deducta 45
caesariata
222
deflectens
caespitosa
222
deglubens 160,224
calamistrata
4,34,35*,42
var.mucidiolens
f.
78
224
corcifolia
brevicystis 74,211*,212,213
brunnea
38*
177
corydalina 69,78,81,82, 83*,227
221
221
avenacea
49,51
224
auricoma
autumnalis
49
kulhanii
corcontica
159,163
aurantiifolia
224
conspersa
221
177
136*,138
gracilis
36
35
98
var.
bubillosa
var.
trivialis
demitrata
222
98,99,100*,101
98,99
calcaris 115,116*
dentifera 159,160,163
calospora 19,29
derbschii 152*,153
canescens
171,173*
carbonaria 98,99,222
carpta
223
castanea
215,217
descissa
122,224
var.
brunneoatra
var.
macrospora
f.
bisporigera
223
destricta
catalaunica
223
devoniensis
120,121*
cavipes 120,122*
156
45,152,225
castanopsis
caucasica
153,156
229
dulcamara
166*,167,169
5,221
dunensis 8,108
244
P
echinata
E
R
so
225
claricolor
177
var.
dollfusii
var.
fusoideicystis
225
queletii
var.
explanata
78
fallaciosa
39
3,
Vol.
1986
luteophylla
177
171
159,160,171
fulvidula
53,54*
fulvoumbrina
160,177,225
eutheles
var.
225
14,39,43,44*,45,182
erubescens
i a—Suppl.
f.
erinaceomorpha 78,82,83*,84
eriocephala
on
233
18,71,138,754,185*,
furfurea
var.
furfurea
var.
obscurobadia
184
var.
rufotacta
112,113*
184,185,186
4,9,65,73,151,152,153.
fuscidula
154*,155,156,158,222,226
158
var.
bisporigera 153,154*,156
var.
fuscidula
153
farcta 225
fusus
fastibilis
gausapata 159,160,164
225
fastigiata 62,65,66,68
geophila
subsp. lilofastigiata 60,61*
subsp.
lobata
cerina
var.
curreyi
var.
lobata
obscura
var.
amesthystina
fulva
226
var.
geophylla 86, 87*,89,90,232,239
var.
lateritia
91,92*,93
228
var.
lilacina
86,59,238
var.
lutescens
229
146,147
var.
microsperma 50,51
var.
maxima
var.
superba 62,65
var.
reflexa
var.
umbrinella
var.
violacea
var.
validor
62,65
62
f.
f.
alpestris
f.
alpina 62,64
63
f. arenicola
f.
55,57
argentta 63,67
f. heimii
f. subcandida
fastigiella
63
magna 86
f.
pallida
f.
perplexa 91,92*,93
175,226
var.
depauperata
var.
gracilenta
glabripes 70,124,125*,126,188
glutinosa
226
var.
flavella
var.
roseipes 53,55
grata
39
griseobrunnea 95.96
90
9,71,72,73,98,146,159,
griseolilacina 71,733*, 134,135,230
griseovelata71,125*,726
160,161*,222,224
158,160,163*,164,229
griseoscabrosa
var.
eroeifolia
var.
ferruginea 160,165
gymnocarpa
var.
flocculosa
haemacta
fraudans
friesii
f.
epixantha
heterogena
150
hettematica
228
nemorosa
hirtella
150
var.
frigidula 72, 165, 166*,
174
var.
frumentacea 45,226
var.
fulvida 158,171,216
f.
var.
69,70,77*,227
rubra
var.
132
4
77
halophila 169,171,180
228
f. laricina
f.
120,760,163,229,236
69,78, 79*,84,228,232,237
150,151
f. friesii
182
221
grammopodia 72,74,774*
53,54
var.
rufescens
graminicola
43,53, 54*.227
flocculosa
37
36
godeyi 73,93, 182, 183*,237
226
firma 226
flavolilacina
231
glabrescens 74, 219*,220,221
147
fibrosolacerata
flavella
f,
gintliana 226
225
ferruginea 159,164*,165
fibrosa
89
86
geraniolens 159,160,161*
53
fechtneri
alba
175
232
geraniodora 34,36,37*
64
favorabilis
89
var.
62
macrospora
230
geophylla 7,8,9,13,19,24,69,55,86,147
var.
63
62,65,67
var.
var.
228
aurantiaca
var.
226
subserotina
171
227
227
4,9,74, 195, 196,197*, 199,201
bispora 195,197*,795
hirtella
paupera
tetraspora
hirtelloides
195,796,197*,198,204,205
171,173*
196
72,199,202,203*
K
U
Y
holophaea
R:
Inocybe
in
245
I
Europe
85
longicystis 228,238
227
holoxantha
E
lilacina
35,38
hirsuta
p
62,67
171,175
huysmanii 70,71,133*,134,135,230
lubrica
hygrophana2,70,72,742,143*
lucifuga 160,229
hygrophila 111,112*
hygrophorus
var.
f.
227
229
lutescens
gralla
98
177
hypophaea 153,154*,155,156
lutcipes 8,69,73,96, 97*,98,229
hystrix 71,750,131*
lutescens
ignobilis
227
macrospora
imbecilis
227
maculata
impexa 2,11,25,70,104*,706,107,169
78,79*,80
inconcinna
227
indissimilis
78,228
229
43,49, 52* ,53,64,227,231
maculipes 71,113*,115
immigrans 180,181*
incarnata
229
margaritispora 64,208
mamillaris
229
mammosa
98,99
106,107
maritima
infracta 62
masoviensis
injuncta
62
melanopus70,/ 15,1 16*,117,128
inodora
72,166,168,777,172*,173*,174
mesophaea 230
inscripta
78
insequens
metrodii
2,70,742,143*
45
rhodiola
var.
kuthanii
98,103,104*
minuta
230
mitrata
49,50,51
98,99
230
moravica
98,99,100*
var.
aberrans
196,224,237
mucronata
var.
arenaria
106
muricellata
var.
griseolilacinoidcs
var.
helobia
var.
heterosperma 99,100
var.
lacera
mussiva
99
98,99,103,104*,105,230
98,99,101,103,169
maritima
var.
regularis 98,104*,105,106
106
var.
rhacodes
98,102*,
f.
gracilis 99,100*,103
f.
luteophylla 99,101
f.
subsquarrosa
103
99
lanatodisca
heterosporoides
var.
major
144*
62
nemorosa
150
7,73,149*,150,
epixantha 150,151
obscura
160
229
189
major
var.
obscurissima
var.
purpurea
var.
9
var.
44
var.
leioccphala 73,74,151, 190, 191 *,192,194
98
135,137,138,140,141,230
var.
var.
198
bispora
140
rubens
rufa
147,148
135,138
233
233
subpusio
236
transiens
140
obscurobadia
4,11,70,71,111 ,112,
113*,114,115,127,226
228
lepiotoides 177,178*
leptocystis
10,70,7 77,112*,
ambigua 113,114
leptophylla
leucopus
nana
oblongispora
53
var.
var.
mycenoides 74,210,211*,212
f.
langei 74,126,196,204*,209
lenta
177,178*
mutica
oblectabilis
laevispora 228,238*
latcraria
mutata 37*
151,156,192,222,233,234
63,65
lanuginosa
11,74,195,799,200*,201,202,204,234
nitidiuscula
laevigata 175,176*
f.
230
230
mystica
var.
lacta
71, 119*, 120,235
monochroa
8,9,13,25,29,69,70,71,98, 100*,
lacera
minima
mitracea
45
177,178*,179
kuehneri
43,55,59*
mimica
insignissima 47,48*
jurana
219,220
microspora 124,125*,126
228
ionochlora
229
69
228
obscuroides
114,239
var.
f.
135,137,138,140*,141
marginata
140
heterospora 135
observabilis
obsoleta
98
62,64*,65,67,68
246
Persooni
lutea
var.
76*,77
pseudoscabella
71,1 16*,777,1 18
62,64*,65
ovalispora-subbrunnea
192,193*
brunneola
192,193*
f. tenerella
ovoideicystis 75,76*
pachycreas
62
pusio 71,72,137, 147,148,149*,150,230,233
f.
186,187*,192
ovalispora
elegans
f. velata
subsp.
incarnata 79
aerugineoumbonata 83
var.
queletii 14,72,157,755,159,171,175,236
quietiodor 43,45*,49,53
231
rasiana
pallidipes 146,160
ravaensis
flagellata
paludinella
133
147
pyriodora 78,79,80,233
pallescens 98,99,101
f.
232
232
punctata
olivaceobrunnea
f.
pseudoreducta 73,174*, 186,188,189,790
pusilla
231
orbata
1986
pudica 90,91,93
231
odora
olgae
230
74,205,206,207*,208,209,212,213
ochroleuca
3,
Vol.
pseudohaemacta 129,130*
62
ochraceoviolascens
ochroalba
a—Suppl.
153
232
reflexa
9
47
186,187*
reducta
232
parvispora 125,126
reisneri
43,47,48*,49
patouillardii 44*,45
relicina
29,38
pedemontana 75,76
rhacodes
pedicellata
rhodiola
231
pedunculata
rickenii
153
pelargonium 9,74,204*,205,206,209
perlata 62,65,68
98,102*
45,46
182
13,24,25,29,43,60,67,
rimosa
64*,65,66,68,153,156,229,231
peronatella 120,122*
rimosoides 64
perpusilla
rohlenae
231
personata 133,134
petiginosa 6,18,19,199
231
phaeocepliala
phaeocomis 2,1 1,71,136,137,138
var.
var.
159,160
roseipcs 74,2/5,214*
major 138,139,140*, 141,230
phaeocomis 755,223,237
phaeodisca 71,722,123*
122,124
var.
diosma
var.
geophylloides 89,122,724,147,224,232
var.
phaeodisca
722
phaeoleuca 215,215,217
rosella
232
rubens
233
91,182
rubescens
rubrolaesa
233
rufobrunnea
107,108*
9,233,235*
rufolutea
184,186
rufotacta
rufuloides
70,709,110*
109,770*, 11
var.
exilis
var.
rufuloides
pholiotinoides 199,200*
rupestris 71,725*
picetorum
138
sambucina
pintureaui
129
7,13,72,158,159,775,176*
aestivalis
var.
piricystis 75*,77
sanguilenta
pisciodora 39*,42
saponacea
pluteoides 159,160,161*
scabella
pollicaris
231
74,193*, 195
150,199,224,233,234
posterula 72,89,145*,746,147
scabelliformis
poujolii
scabra
231
praepostera
35*
schista
234
serotina
pruinosa 7,72,769,170,171,174,175
servata
psammophila 167,169
similis
pseudoconfusa 195,196,197*
sindonia
7,9,19,72,74,777,
178*180,215,225,232,236
63
sinuosa
pseudofastigiata
siparia
232
5,72,166*,767,168*,169,174,180
62
70,707,108*,127,182
pseudodestricta 73,752*, 153,156,225
pseudograta
199,200*
62
praetervisa 29,196,222
pseudocookei
199
84,234
scamba
232
praetermissa
159
45
minor
var.
1
109
62
solida
234
234
234
.
v
K
splendens 2,4,5,73,74,214*,215,
U Y P E
216
var.
phaeoleuca 64,194,215,216,220,2331
var.
splendens 171,215,2/6,217
R:
Inocybe
Europe
in
versipellis
238
mesophaea
var.
230
vinosislipitata 43,48,60,61*,68
squamata 11,25,43,59*,60,68,208
violaceofusca
squamigera
violascens
234
247
I
238*
238
squamosa
74,207,202*
virgatula 153,155,156
squarrosa
11,70,131*,732
viscidula
squarrosoamethystina 136*,138
stangliana 74,211 *,213
sterilis
85
striata
51
strigiceps
234
f. armeniaca
16
f. whitei
subbrunnea
206,207*
190
190
235
submaculipes 115,
gigantea
235
subpelargonium
236
72,157*,158,229
239
29
quietus 32,49
Lepiota § Lepiota
clypeolaria
subnudipes 119,235
146,147
xantholeuca
Lactarius
116*
115
submicrospora
roseipes 54*,55
Inocybella
235
subinsequens
f.
zangherii
206
subignobilis
Melanophyllum
echinatum
haematospermum
substraminea
Phaeomarasmius
236
150,151
95
73,128,209*,210
tenebrosa
224
alnicola
apicrea
221
221
carbonaria
tenuicystidiata 112,113*,114
conissans
223
224
terrifera
215,216,217
fusus
testacea
236
highlandensis
f.
236
lenta
brevipes
222
tjallingiorum 73,186,192,193*, 194,219
tomentella
236
tomentosa
236
11,16
17,18,19
limulatus
terrigena 3,17
tigrina
226
223
228,231
lubrica
scamba
229
234
Psathyrella
17
§ Spadiceae
222
trechispora 205,222,234
candolleana
179
treneri
spadicea
236
tricholoma
trinii
237
69,81*
tricolor
91,182,237
tristis
188,189*,235*,237
trivialis
turfosa
98,160
umbrinella
vaccina
valida
225
albidoincarnatus221
laevigatus
175
237
saponaceum
62,65,68
149,150
237
237
228
32,195
Tubaria 16,224
conspersa
spec.
velenovskyi 228,238*
f. incrassata
237
inuncta
Tricholoma cystidiosum
74,192,275,219*
vatricosa
231
tricholoma
237
umbractica
Ramicola
Ripartites
Stropharia
177
umbonata
222
strigiceps 225,234
237
uliginosa
225
210
Pholiota
sabulosa
var.
231
225
Mycena
subtigrina 159,160
222
222
subporospora 8,69,73,95*,96
tarda
89,90,91,93,94*,95
90,97,92*,93,95,182,231,237
xanthodisca
subconicospora
subhirtella
180
xanthocephala 53,54
235
subalbidodisca
('.
fuscolamellata
8,24,69,90,92*,93
whitei
strobilomyces
var.
181,182,192,194
var.
subaemula
239
vulpinella 8,11,69,73,108,167,750,
52
224
85
Thomas Kuyper