Abstract
Hypospadias surgery is a complex one, having more chances of complications. The number, final outcome of repair, and extent of adulthood complications of the hypospadias repair during childhood are poorly defined. When multiple surgeries fail, it will lead to functional loss of the penis, landing in the problem of “hypospadias cripple.” The initial repair goals are to reconstruct an adequate size and straight penis for successful intercourse and a forward-directed projectile urinary stream. This can be achieved by chordee correction, urethroplasty, meatoplasty/glansplasty, scrotal transposition repair, and skin coverage. It is more difficult to treat patients with multiple complications hypospadias repair and are likely to leave with significant deformities worse than the primary congenital anomaly itself. The complications are considerably more significant in redo surgeries than for primary repairs with the same surgical technique. These facts guide us to think about careful patient selection, modification in the techniques, adding supportive and healthy tissue cover, designing skin flaps for skin cover, and choosing a procedure that may not commonly be used for primary repair.
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Bhat, A. (2022). Management of Hypospadias Cripple. In: Bhat, A. (eds) Hypospadiology . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8395-4_22
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