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Erysiphe spp. on Fabaceae from Iran: A new insights into some complex species

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Abstract

Fabaceae, one of the largest flowering plant families, comprises several subfamilies and genera. Fabaceous plant species host a large number of powdery mildew species belonging to the genus Erysiphe. The affiliation of these species to Erysiphe is readily possible, but they represent a morphologically and taxonomically complicated complex of closely related, morphologically similar species with overlapping traits. Precise morphological examinations along with phylogenetic analyses, including type collections and other representative samples, are needed to solve the complexity of Erysiphe spp. on legumes. In this study, we sequenced a number of collections of powdery mildews on Pisum, Lathyrus, Vicia and Ononis spp., with a special focus on specimens from Iran, to clarify species delimitations within the Erysiphe pisi complex and other Erysiphe species complexes on legumes. Sequences retrieved from powdery mildew on Pisum and Ononis fall into separate, well supported clades. Hence, the original status of E. cruchetiana as a species of its own on Ononis spp. is reinstated instead of E. pisi var. cruchetiana. Ten species, viz., E. astragali, E. bremeri, E. caulicola, E. cruchetiana, E. iranica, E. medicaginis, E. pisi, E. rayssiae, E. sesbaniae and E. trifoliorum were confirmed for Iran, redescribed and illustrated on the basis of Iranian collections. Erysiphe astragali, E. bremeri, E. coluteae and E. crispula form a genetically little differentiated clade in ITS/LSU analyses, which is referred to as E. astragali clade (complex), comparable to the E. trifoliorum clade (complex). Based on our results, E. coluteae and E. crispula are reduced to synonymy with E. astragali and E. sophorae is considered a synonym of E. bremeri. Sequences of the North American E. intermedia on Lupinus species form a small clade nested within the big E. astragali clade. DNA of the holotype of E. sesbaniae was sequenced for the first time in this study. To use the sequences obtained from some new collections as reference sequences for phylogenetic-taxonomic purposes, we propose, for the interim, reference sequences for E. bremeri, E. caulicola, E. cruchetiana, E. pisi and E. viciae-unijugae.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during the current study can be found in online repositories or available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. The names of the repository/repositories and accession numbers can be found in the article.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. M.R. Asef, curator of the Fungus Reference Collection of “IRAN” Herbarium for providing the specimens. This study was supported by a research grant from the Iran National Science Foundation (INSF), No. 96007836 to S.A. Khodaparast.

Funding

This work was supported by a grant from the Iran National Science Foundation (No. 96007836) to S. A. Khodaparast.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    Hamideh Darsaraei & Seyed Akbar Khodaparast

  2. Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

    Bita Asgari

  3. Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) – Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Urban Green, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany

    Monika Götz

  4. Professor Emeritus, Mie University, Kurima–Machiya, 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan

    Susumu Takamatsu

  5. National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Pref, 305-0005, Japan

    Susumu Takamatsu

  6. Department of Geobotany, Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Uwe Braun

Authors
  1. Hamideh Darsaraei
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  2. Seyed Akbar Khodaparast
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  3. Bita Asgari
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  4. Monika Götz
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  5. Susumu Takamatsu
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  6. Uwe Braun
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Hamideh Darsaraei, Seyed Akbar Khodaparast, Uwe Braun, Susumu Takamatsu, and Monika Götz. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Hamideh Darsaraei, Seyed Akbar Khodaparast, and Uwe Braun, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Seyed Akbar Khodaparast.

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Section Editor: Meike Piepenbring

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Darsaraei, H., Khodaparast, S.A., Asgari, B. et al. Erysiphe spp. on Fabaceae from Iran: A new insights into some complex species. Mycol Progress 23, 10 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-024-01945-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-024-01945-5

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