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Evidence of olive mild mosaic virus transmission by Olpidium brassicae

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Abstract

Transmission of three strains of OMMV by an Olpidium sp. was evaluated and compared. The three strains were 1) an OMMV wild type (WT) recovered from olive trees, 2) an OMMV variant (L11) obtained after 15 serial passages of single local lesions induced in Chenopodium murale plants, and 3) a construct OMMV/OMMVL11 in which the coat protein (CP) gene replaced that of the wild type. A single-sporangial culture derived from Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) used as a bait plant grown in soil of an olive orchard, was identified as Olpidium brassicae based on the size and sequence of the generated amplicon in PCR specific tests. Each of the three virus strains was soil transmitted to cabbage roots in the absence of the fungus at similar rates of 30 to 40%. Separate plant inoculation by O. brassicae zoospores incubated with each viral strain resulted in enhanced transmission of OMMV, reaching 86% of infection whereas that of the other two strains remained practically unaffected at ca. 34%. Binding assays showed that the amount of virus bound to zoospores, estimated spectrophotometrically, was 7% in the case of OMMV, and practically nil in the case of the other two viral strains. Substitution of the coat protein (CP) gene of OMMV by that of the OMMV L11 strain, drastically reduced viral transmissibility in the presence of zoospores to the level of that observed in their absence. Our data shows that OMMV soil transmission is greatly enhanced by O. brassicae zoospores and that the viral CP plays a significant role in this process, most likely by facilitating virus binding and later entrance into the host plant roots.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Ron Reade (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada) for many helpful discussions, to José Ángel Herrera-Vásquez (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain) for providing DNA from O. brassicae and O. virulentus to use as controls, to Maria Mário Azedo for her technical assistance and to Alan Phillips (Universidade Nova de Lisboa) for critical reading of the manuscript and helpful advice. Carla Marisa R. Varanda is recipient of a PhD fellowship from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), SFRH/BD/29398/2006 and Marta Silva is recipient of a FCT fellowship, UUE/ICAAM/BII/04 A/2009.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, Universidade de Évora, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal

    Carla M. R. Varanda, Marta S. M. R. Silva, Maria do Rosário F. Félix & Maria Ivone E. Clara

  2. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade de Évora, 7002-554, Évora, Portugal

    Carla M. R. Varanda, Marta S. M. R. Silva, Maria do Rosário F. Félix & Maria Ivone E. Clara

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  1. Carla M. R. Varanda
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  2. Marta S. M. R. Silva
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  3. Maria do Rosário F. Félix
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  4. Maria Ivone E. Clara
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Correspondence to Carla M. R. Varanda.

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Varanda, C.M.R., Silva, M.S.M.R., Félix, M.d.F. et al. Evidence of olive mild mosaic virus transmission by Olpidium brassicae . Eur J Plant Pathol 130, 165–172 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9742-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9742-1

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