Pycnonotus xantholaemus (Jerdon, 1845)

A plain uncrested grey and yellow bulbul with bright yellow chin and throat. Thighs and under tail-coverts yellow; wings and tail brown, the latter tipped with yellowish white. Sexes alike.

A rather plain, yellow and grey bulbul that lacks a crest. It has a bright yellow throat, with yellow undertail-coverts and tip of the tail. It can be found in areas of thorny scrub and trees, usually in stony hills, such as the lower slopes of the Hill. It is a shy and restless skulker, and feeds on berries and insects. Its call resembles that of the Red-vented Bulbul with which it is sometimes found. Its nest is a shallow cup of coarse twigs, bound together with cobwebs and lined with fine fibres.

Breeding season, May to July.

Nest, a shallow cup of coarse twigs bound together with cobwebs and lined with fine fibers.Eggs, 2 or 3, white, blotched and marked with purple and brick red, the markings forming a ring around the large end. 

Length- 20 cm

 Maybe confused with White-browed bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus.

Song is rich, low, rising then falling, then more constant-pitched, burbling, warbling series, individual notes very quick and switchy. 

Diet consist of berries also insects. Drupes of Phyllanthus, Erythroxylon and Santalum. 

In Gingee range, Tamil Nadu, found to be feeding on the fruits of Ziziphus mauritiana, Ficus montana, F.tomentosa, F.benghalensis, F.religiosa and Canthium diococcum

The species typically occurs in boluder strewn hillocks covered with vegetation ranging from open scrub to moist deciduous forest, although scrub vegetation appears to be predominant in most its habitats. 
Altitudinal distribution- 600-1300 m.

Endemic

Endemic to Peninsualr India, reported from different localities of Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu, associated hill complexes in Karnataka and also from Western ghats in Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

Endemic

 Analysis of the detailed account in BirdLife International (2001) suggests that the total population may well be below 10,000 individuals.

Decreasing

The Pycnonotidae family in which it belongs is included under Schedule-IV of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

The key threats are habitat loss and degradation owing to commercial quarrying for granite, cutting and lopping of trees for fuelwood, clearance for cultivation and intensive browsing of berry-bearing shrubs by domestic livestock. 

  Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae) included in Schedule IV under Wildlife Protection Act 1972.