Bourke's parrot

Bourke's parrot

Blue-vented parrot, Sundown parrot, Pink-bellied parrot, Bourke's parakeet, Bourke

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Family
Genus
SPECIES
Neopsephotus bourkii
Weight
42-49
1.5-1.7
goz
g oz 
Length
18-23
7.1-9.1
cminch
cm inch 

Bourke's parrot (Neopsephotus bourkii, formerly known as Neophema bourkii ), also known as the blue-vented parrot, sundown parrot, pink-bellied parrot, Bourke's parakeet, Bourke or "Bourkie", is a small parrot found in Australia and the only species in its genus, Neopsephotus. It is approximately 19 cm long and weighs around 45 grams. It is named after General Sir Richard Bourke, Governor of New South Wales from 1831 to 1837.

No

Nocturnal

Gr

Granivore

He

Herbivore

Ar

Arboreal

Zo

Zoochory

No

Nomadic

Te

Terrestrial

Te

Territorial

Mo

Monogamy

So

Social

No

Not a migrant

B

starts with

Appearance

The Bourke's parrot is a relatively small species. They tend to vary between 18 cm and 23 cm in length with a tail length of approximately 9 cm. The females of the species tend to be slightly smaller than the males: males of the species weigh between 47 g and 49 g whilst females weigh between 41 g and 49 g. Both sexes look very similar until the age of nine months, after which they come into full plumage colour. In the wild, Bourke's parakeets display an overall brown colouration with a pink abdomen, pinkish breast and a blue rump. The legs are dark-brown, with zygodactyl toes. The bill is yellowish-brown. The adult male has a blue forehead while the adult female has a little or no blue on the forehead. The Bourke's parrot's feathers help it blend in with the reddish soil of its arid home.

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There are four documented mutations found in captive Bourke's parrots; yellow, Isabel, fallow and pink or rosa.

The bird's call has been described as a "soft twitter". Other sounds made by the Bourke's parrot go "chu-vee", "chirrup chirrup", or when alarmed, "kik-kik-kik".

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Distribution

Geography

Countries
Biogeographical realms

The Bourke's parrot is native to Australia. As a nomadic species, following water and food sources, it has a vast range. The Bourke's parrot is mainly found in sparsely populated areas; however they have been known to dwell in urban areas as well. These parrots can be found from the South-western parts of Queensland deep into western New South Wales, throughout Central Australia to the far northern parts of South Australia and parts of Western Australia. The Bourke's parrot's main habitat consists of areas dominated by Acacia species, particularly the mulga, in dry spinifex plains. The species can also be found in native cypress and other open eucalypt woodlands.

Climate zones

Habits and Lifestyle

The Bourke's parrot has been described as both arboreal and terrestrial; it perches and nests in trees, but also frequently lives on the ground where it can easily camouflage. The flight pattern of the Bourke's parakeet is short but swift, interspersed with gliding motions. It usually flies close to the ground in quick bursts, as it travels between trees. The bird's wing beat is minimal and produces an audible whirring sound.

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In the wild the Bourke's parrot tends to live in pairs or small groups, ranging from approximately four to six. Larger flocks ranging in the hundreds are also made by the species, particularly during times of drought.

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Seasonal behavior
Bird's call

Diet and Nutrition

Bourke's parrots forage on the ground and in bushes for grasses and seeds, most active feeding at dusk and dawn. Due to their diet the Bourke's parrot works as a known seed disperser.

Mating Habits

MATING BEHAVIOR
INDEPENDENT AGE
8 to 10 days

During the nesting season, males are highly territorial, chasing away any potential intruders or threats. Breeding season for the Bourke's parrot usually occurs between the months of August and October, but can also draw out into December, depending on the season and availability of resources.

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Bourke's parrots are monogamous, staying with a single partner. Their nests tend to be situated from 1 metre to 3 metres above ground level in hollow limbs of the mulga tree or other acacia species. Eggs are generally laid on a bed of decayed wood at the bottom of the tree hollow. The Bourke's parrot has a clutch of 3 to 6 eggs, which are incubated by the female for 18–19 days. During this period, she is fed by the male parrot, only leaving the nest to find water or to defecate.

Once the chicks hatch, both parents feed their young. Offspring begin fledging at about 4 weeks of age, becoming fully independent around 8 to 10 days later.

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Population

Population threats

The Bourke's parrot is not listed as threatened by the IUCN. The main threat faced by this particular species is predation from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes ) introduced from Europe and feral cats (Felis silvestris ). Drought and clearing of watering holes can have significant impacts on the population. However, there have not been a noticeable decline in numbers; rather they are steadily increasing. This is likely due to the reasoning that their habitat is so far spread and they have little contact with predators compared to other parakeet species.

Domestication

The Bourke's parrot is a relatively popular aviary bird. It is particularly common among new bird owners, as it is known for its quiet and passive temperament. Due to their peaceful nature, Bourke's parrots may be kept in captivity with a number of other species including finches, doves and other small parakeets.

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There have been recorded instances of the Bourke's parrot producing hybrids with the scarlet-chested parrot (Neophema splendida ).

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References

1. Bourke's parrot Wikipedia article - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourke's_parrot
2. Bourke's parrot on The IUCN Red List site - https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22685191/93062409
3. Xeno-canto bird call - https://xeno-canto.org/681342

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